In May 2025, Geneva (Switzerland)-based International Labour Organisation (ILO) in collaboration with Warsaw (Poland)-based National Research Institute (NASK) released their inaugural report titled ‘Generative AI and Jobs: A Refined Global Index of Occupational Exposure’. As per the report, one in four jobs (25%) across the world is potentially at the risk of being transformed by Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI).
- The report emphasizes that GenAI’s effect is more likely to transform jobs than replace or eliminate them.
- The report further showed that 34% of jobs in occupations exposed GenAI are in High-Income Countries (HICs) compared to 11% in Low-Income Countries (LICs).
Note: This report is an updated version of the ILO’s 2023 Global Index of Occupational Exposure to GenAI, reflecting recent technological advancements and growing user familiarity with GenAI tools.
About the Report:
i.This new study marks the 1st in a joint series of ILO-NASK publications focused primarily on GenAI and the future work.
ii.The report provides a comprehensive overview of how AI could transform occupations and employment worldwide by combining approximately 30,000 occupational tasks with expert validation, AI-assisted scoring, and ILO harmonized micro data.
Key Findings:
i.The report reveals that 3.3% of jobs worldwide fall under the highest risk category due to GenAI, with a greater impact on women as 4.7% of women’s jobs worldwide fall into the highest-risk category, compared with 2.4% of such jobs among men.
- While, in HICs where, jobs at the highest risk of automation account 9.6% female employment compared to 3.5% of such jobs among men.
ii.As per the report, clerical and administrative jobs is among the most exposed occupational groups due to GenAI’s theoretical ability to automate many of their tasks.
- However, the report highlighted about the expanding abilities of GenAI which would result in an increased exposure of some highly digitized cognitive jobs in media-software- and finance-related occupations.
iii.The report urged governments, employers’, and workers’ organisations worldwide to engage in social dialogue and shape proactive, inclusive strategies that can enhance productivity and job quality, especially in exposed sectors.
iv.The report showed that Middle-Income regions like: Latin America and parts of Asia are among the highest risk of exposure to GenAI.
- Also, region like Europe and Central Asia show the highest gender disparities due to high female employment in clerical sector and widespread digital adoption.
v.The report revealed that regions like: sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia and the Arab states currently shows lower overall exposure but clarified these are regions where digital access is limited or labour protections are weak, then even small-scale automation could destabilizes vulnerable sectors.
About International Labour Organisation (ILO):
Director-General (DG) – Gilbert F. Houngbo (Togo)
Headquarters – Geneva, Switzerland
Member nations – 187
Established – 1919
