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Disruptive technologies are now dictating our future, as new (1) increasingly blur the lines between physical, digital, and biological realms. Robots are already in our operating rooms and fast-food restaurants; we can now use 3D imaging and stem-cell (2) grow human bones from a patient’s own cells; and 3D printing is creating a circular economy in which we can use and then reuse raw materials.
This tsunami of technological (3) continue to change (4) how we live and work, and how our societies operate. In what is now called the Fourth Industrial Revolution, technologies that are coming of age – including robotics, nanotechnology, virtual reality, 3D printing, the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, and advanced biology – will (5) . And as these technologies continue to be developed and widely adopted, they will bring about radical shifts in all disciplines, industries, and economies, and in the way that individuals, companies, and societies produce, distribute, consume, and (6) goods and services.
These developments have provoked (7) questions about what role humans will play in a technology-driven world. A 2013 University of Oxford study estimates that close to half of all jobs in the United States could be lost to automation over the next two decades. On the other hand, economists such as Boston University’s James Bessen argue that automation often goes hand in hand with the creation of new jobs. So which is it – new jobs or massive structural unemployment?
At this point, we can be certain that the Fourth Industrial (8) will have a disruptive impact on employment, but no one can yet predict the scale of change. So, before we (9) the bad news, we should look at history, which suggests that technological change more often affects the nature of work, rather than the opportunity to participate in work itself.
The First Industrial Revolution moved British manufacturing from people’s homes into factories, and marked the beginning of hierarchical organization. This change was often violent, as the famous early-nineteenth-century Luddite riots in England demonstrated. To find work, people were forced to move from rural areas to industrial centers, and it was during this period that the first labor movements (10) .
- 1) innovations
2) customs
3) evolution
4) developments
5) traditionsAnswer – 1)
Explanation : innovations - 1) creation of
2) addition for
3) introduction to
4) extraction to
5) insertion forAnswer – 2)
Explanation : extraction to - 1) innovation can
2) creation might
3) innovation will
4) revolution could
5) innovation shouldAnswer – 3)
Explanation : innovation will - 1) carefully
2) similarly
3) thoroughly
4) appositely
5) profoundlyAnswer – 5)
Explanation : profoundly - 1) suppose
2) converge
3) disperse
4) conclude
5) divergeAnswer – 2)
Explanation : converge - 1) dispose to
2) coverage to
3) manage of
4) dispose of
5) disturb forAnswer – 4)
Explanation : dispose of - 1) assured
2) unworried
3) anxious
4) indifferent
5) contentAnswer – 3)
Explanation : anxious - 1) stasis
2) Revolution
3) calm
4) status
5) quiescenceAnswer – 2)
Explanation : Revolution - 1) perpectual all for
2) swallow all of
3) expel all for
4) regurgitate all of
5) spit out ofAnswer – 2)
Explanation : swallow all of - 1) create to
2) innovate to
3) devoured to
4) disappeared to
5) emergedAnswer – 5)
Explanation : emerged
