International Organization for Migration (IOM) of the United Nations launched the 11th edition of its flagship publication, the World Migration Report 2022, which states that the global international migration has increased from 84 million globally in 1970 to 281 million in 2020, the proportion of the international migrants has increased from 2.3% to 3.6% of the global population.
- The 2022 report stated that climate change has displaced more people than conflicts.
- The report features the regular data collection by the Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC).
- IOM has been producing the World Migration Reports since 2000 to contribute to an increased understanding of migration throughout the world.The 10th edition of the report was published in 2019.
- World Migration Report 2020, the 10th edition of the International Organization for Migration’s (IOM) flagship publication won gold in the online category and silver for PDFs in the 2021 International Annual Report Design Awards (IADA) competition.
Gist of the report:
New displacements in 2020:
i.By the end of 2020, a total of 40.5 million new internal displacements has been recorded across 42 countries and territories due to conflict and violence, and 144 countries and territories due to disasters.
ii.Around 76% (30.7 million) of the new displacements were due to disasters and 24% (9.8 million) were due to conflict and violence.
iii.The Storms account for 14.6 million displacements and floods account for 14.1 million displacements.
International remittances:
i.The report reflects an overall increase in remittances, from USD 126 billion in 2000 to USD 702 Billion in 2020.
ii.International remittances are financial or in-kind transfers made by migrants directly to families or communities in their countries of origin.
iii.In 2020, India, China, Mexico, the Philippines and Egypt were the top five remittance recipient countries. India and China tops the list with total inward remittances exceeding USD 83 billion and USD 59 billion, respectively.
iv.The United States (US) has been the top remittance sending country with a total outflow of USD 68 billion in 2020 followed by the United Arab Emirates(UAE) (USD 43.2 billion) and Saudi Arabia (USD 34.6 billion).
Key Points:
i.India and China, have the largest absolute numbers of migrants living abroad and India has the largest emigrant population in the world with around 18 million people living abroad, this makes India the top origin country globally.
ii.The Philippines has recorded the highest number(approximately 5.1 million) of new disaster displacements in 2020.
iii.In 2020, Asia has reported the largest internal displacement due to disasters, China has reported 5 million new disaster displacements and India has reported nearly 4 million new disaster displacements.
About International Organization for Migration(IOM):
Director General– António Vitorino
Headquarters– Geneva, Switzerland
