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Current Affairs Quiz:9 October 2024

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  1. Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the approval of the Union Cabinet chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi?
    A)The Union Cabinet chaired by PM Modi has approved the improvisation of the existing Productivity Linked Reward (PLR) Scheme for the major ports and dock labour Board employees/workers from 2020-21 to 2025-26.
    B)The Union Cabinet has approved the signing of ‘Letter of Intent’ that led India to join the ‘Energy Efficiency Hub’.
    C)The Union Cabinet has approved to provide the status of Classical Language to Hindi, Pali, Prakrit, Assamese and Bengali languages.

    1) Only A & B
    2) Only A & C
    3) Only B & C
    4) Only C
    5) All A, B & C
    Answer-1) Only A & B
    Explanation:
    On 3rd October 2024, the Union Cabinet chaired by Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi approved the following,
     The improvisation of the existing Productivity Linked Reward (PLR) Scheme for the major ports and dock labour Board employees/workers from 2020-21 to 2025-26.
     The Pradhan Mantri Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (PM-RKVY) to promote sustainable agriculture and the Krishonnati Yojana (KY) to achieve food security for self-sufficiency.
     The signing of ‘Letter of Intent’ that led India to join the ‘Energy Efficiency Hub’.
     To provide the status of Classical Language to Marathi, Pali, Prakrit, Assamese and Bengali languages.
     The proposal of the Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs(MoHUA) for Chennai Metro Rail Project Phase-II comprising three corridors.
     Payment of Productivity Linked Bonus (PLB) for 78 days to railway employees.
     The National Mission on Edible Oils – Oilseeds (NMEO-Oilseeds) for 2024-25 to 2030-31.
     Creation of a post of the Presiding Officer for the Special Tribunal (full time) at Talcher, Odisha under the Coal Bearing Areas (Acquisition & Development) Act, 1957. Click here to read more.

  2. Which initiative completed its 3-year journey on 27th September, 2024 that was launched to build a comprehensive digital health ecosystem in India?
    1) Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission
    2) Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation
    3) Smart Cities Mission
    4) Swachh Bharat Mission
    5) Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana–National Rural Livelihoods Mission
    Answer-1) Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission
    Explanation:
    On 27th September 2024, the Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM), a key component of Ayushman Bharat (AB), a flagship scheme of Government of India (GoI), which emerged from the National Health Policy 2017, successfully completed 3 years of implementation.
     It was launched by Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi on 27th September, 2021 with the objective to revolutionise the country’s digital healthcare ecosystem to enhance healthcare accessibility, efficiency, and transparency.
     It is being implemented by the National Health Authority (NHA) under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW).
     So far, more than 67 crore ABHA have been created. Also, over 42 crore health records have been linked to ABHA, which enable for seamless access to medical histories and enhancing healthcare delivery.
     NHA has introduced a Whatsapp Chatbot, acting as a user-friendly platform to train stakeholders involved in ABDM.
     The National Accreditation Board of Hospitals (NABH) launched the 1st edition of its Digital Health Standards for HIS/EMR systems, aimed at boosting the adoption of digital health technologies in India. Click here to read more.

  3. Which ministry has recently (in September ‘24) partnered with Military College of Telecommunications Engineering (MCTE) to foster innovation for defence applications?
    1) Ministry of Defence
    2) Ministry of Science and Technology
    3) Ministry of Home Affairs
    4) Ministry of Finance
    5) Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology
    Answer-5) Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology
    Explanation:
    The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) and Indore(Madhya Pradesh, MP) based Military College of Telecommunications Engineering (MCTE) have partnered to foster innovation and drive technological advancements for defence applications.
     Under the Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative, the Research and Development (R&D) organisations of MeitY have handed over indigenously developed products to MCTE for military use.
     This partnership aims to strengthen collaborative efforts for joint R&D in areas like Artificial Intelligence (AI), Quantum, Chip Design, Fifth Generation(5G) & beyond, strategic electronics and communications etc.
     This partnership will also provide a platform for Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) through an incubation ecosystem, promoting cross-pollination of ideas and technologies.

  4. Union Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, Ministry of Finance (MoF) attended the 9th Annual Meeting of the Board of Governors of AIIB (Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank) held in ______________________ from 25th to 26th September 2024.
    1) Delhi, India
    2) Samarkand, Uzbekistan
    3) Port Louis, Mauritius
    4) Washington, D.C., United States of America
    5) Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt
    Answer-2) Samarkand, Uzbekistan
    Explanation:
    Union Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, Ministry of Finance (MoF) was on an official visit to Uzbekistan from 24th to 28th September 2024 and led the Indian delegations of officials from MoF.
     During her visit, she attended the 9th Annual Meeting of Board of Governors of AIIB (Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank) held in Samarkand from 25th to 26th September 2024.The theme was “Building Resilient Infrastructure for All”.
     A Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT) between India and Uzbekistan was signed by Indian Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman and Uzbekistan’s Deputy Prime Minister (PM) Khodjayev Jamshid Abdukhakimovich in Tashkent to provide essential protections for investors from both nations.
     She also held important bilateral meetings with Jin Liqun, President of AIIB, and her counterparts from Uzbekistan, Qatar, and China.
     She held discussions with Uzbekistan President Shavkat Mirziyoyev to discuss strengthening bilateral ties in fintech specially cross-border real-time payments system, renewable energy, and climate action. Click here to read more.

  5. Which state has recently  (in October ‘24) received a USD 162 million loan from Asian Development Bank (ADB) to enhance tourism development?
    1) Maharashtra
    2) West Bengal
    3) Bihar
    4) Himachal Pradesh
    5) Madhya Pradesh
    Answer- 4) Himachal Pradesh
    Explanation:
    On 3rd October 2024, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) approved a USD 162 million loan to support sustainable and inclusive tourism development projects in Himachal Pradesh(HP).
     This project aims to improve district-level tourism management and to develop destination plans and tourist sites in HP.
     The project will promote heritage and cultural centres, restoring the castle, beautification of public spaces, construction of convention centres and facilities in the districts of Mandi, Hamirpur, Kullu, Hamirpur, and Kangra.
     By improving and maintaining heritage and cultural sites, building new infrastructure, and strengthening the tourism industry, this project will increase the state’s potential for tourism.

  6. Which ministry has recently (in October ‘24) released new guidelines for handling delays in submitting Income Tax Returns (ITR)?
    1) Ministry of Finance
    2) Ministry of Commerce and Industry
    3) Ministry of Home Affairs
    4) Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs
    5) Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions
    Answer-1) Ministry of Finance
    Explanation:
    On 1st October 2024, the Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) under the Department of Revenue (DoR), Ministry of Finance (MoF) has released new guidelines for handling delays in submitting Income Tax Returns (ITR) that include claims for refunds on carrying forward losses under Section 119 (2) (b) of the Income-Tax (IT) Act, 1961.
     These new guidelines supersede any previous guidelines or instructions that were in place. This rule applies to applications submitted after October 1, 2024.
     The Principal Commissioners of Income-Tax/ Commissioners of Income-Tax(Pr. CsIT/CsIT) have been vested with the powers to accept or reject such applications/claims, if the amount of such claims is up to Rs 1 crore for any one assessment year.
     The Chief Commissioners of Income-Tax (CCsIT) have been vested with the powers to accept or reject such applications/claims, if the amount of such claims is between Rs 1 crore and Rs 3 crore for any one assessment year.
     The Principal Chief Commissioners of Income-Tax (Pr. CCsIT) have been vested with the powers to accept or reject such applications/claims, if the amount of such claims is more than Rs 3 crore for any one assessment year. Click here to read more.

  7. The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has recently (in September’ 24) reduced the trading lot size for privately placed infrastructure investment trusts (InvITs) to ______________________ from 1 crore.
    1) 60 lakh
    2) 90 lakh
    3) 75 lakh
    4) 50 lakh
    5) 25 lakh
    Answer-5) 25 lakh
    Explanation:
    On 26th September 2024, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has introduced certain amendments in the “SEBI (Infrastructure Investment Trusts) Regulations, 2014”, and in the “SEBI (Real Estate Investment Trusts) Regulations, 2014” in exercise of powers given under section 30 read with sections 11 and 12 of the SEBI Act, 1992 (15 of 1992).
     The most significant change introduced by the SEBI for InvITs is that it has reduced the trading lot size of privately placed Infrastructure Investment Trusts (InvITs) to Rs 25 lakh.
     These new regulations are now known as the SEBI (Infrastructure Investment Trusts) (Third Amendment) Regulations, 2024 and SEBI (Real Estate Investment Trusts) (Third Amendment) Regulations, 2024.
     These regulations came into effect from the day of its official notification by SEBI, while some of the provisions will come into force 60 days later.
     SEBI has fixed the timeline for undertaking distributions to unit holders by Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) and InvITs to 5 working days from the record date. Click here to read more.

  8. Which country has recently (in September ‘24) unveiled powerful suicide drone “Shahed 136B”?
    1) Brazil
    2) India
    3) Bhutan
    4) Iran
    5) Nepal
    Answer-4) Iran
    Explanation:
    Iran, for the first time, showcased “Shahed 136B”, a one-way attack drone which is also known as a ‘kamikaze’ drone or ‘suicide’ drones, and “Jihad”, a single-stage liquid-fuel ballistic missile, at the Armed Forces military parade held in September 2024, marking the anniversary of the start of the 1980-88 war with Iraq.
     Shahed 136B, the latest Iran-made drone, is an upgraded version of the Shahed-136, with new features and an operational range of more than 4,000 kilometres(Km).
     Jihad is a ballistic missile with a high-explosive detachable warhead and a range of 1,000 km. The missile was designed and manufactured by the aerospace arm of Iran’s Revolutionary Guards.

  9. Who was jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2024 with American developmental biologist Victor Ambros for the discovery of microRNA?
    1) Joseph E. Murray
    2) E. Donnall Thomas
    3) Gary Bruce Ruvkun
    4) Rigoberta Menchú Tum
    5) Claudia Sheinbaum Pardo
    Answer-3) Gary Bruce Ruvkun
    Explanation:
    Victor Ambros, an American developmental biologist, and Gary Bruce Ruvkun, an American molecular biologist, were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2024 by the Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
     They were honoured “for the discovery of microRNA and its role in post-transcriptional gene regulation”.
     The award was announced by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences on 7th October 2024.
     Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun discovered microRNA, a new class of tiny RNA molecules that play a crucial role in gene regulation.
     MicroRNAs and their mode of gene regulation remained completely unknown until the discovery by Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun in 1993.
     The 2023 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was shared between Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman “for their discoveries concerning nucleoside base modifications that enabled the development of effective mRNA vaccines against COVID-19”.
     The Nobel Prize is an international award administered by the Nobel Foundation in Stockholm, Sweden, that recognises discoveries and achievements that benefit humanity.
     The award is based on the fortune of Alfred Nobel, a Swedish inventor and entrepreneur. Click here to read more.

  10. In which state, the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has recently (in October ‘24) conducted three flight tests of the advanced 4th Generation Very Short Range Air Defence System (VSHORADS)?
    1) Andhra Pradesh
    2) Gujarat
    3) Odisha
    4) Rajasthan
    5) Assam
    Answer- 4) Rajasthan
    Explanation:
    On 3rd and 4th October 2024, the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully conducted three flight tests of the advanced 4th Generation technically-advanced miniaturised Very Short Range Air Defence System (VSHORADS) at the Pokhran Field Firing Ranges in Rajasthan, demonstrating its capabilities against high-speed targets.
     The test was done from a ground based portable launcher.
     The development trials demonstrated the weapon system’s reliable hit-to-kill capability across various target engagement scenarios, including approaching, receding, and crossing modes.
     The VSHORADS missiles are fully developed, with two production agencies engaged as Development cum Production Partners (DcPP).
     The VSHORADS, designed as a Man Portable Air Defence System, was developed by Hyderabad, Telangana based Research Centre Imarat (RCI) in collaboration with other DRDO labs. These are fully digital and heat-seeking. It has a strike range of up to 6 km.