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- Which act has been recently (in December ‘24) amended by the Government of India to abolish the ‘no-detention policy’ for Classes 5 and 8?
1) National Council for Teachers Education Act, 1993
2) National Institute of Technology Act, 2007
3) University Grants Commission Act, 1956
4) National Education Policy, 2020
5) Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009Answer-5) Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Government of India(GoI) abolished the ‘no-detention policy’ for Classes 5 and 8, allowing schools to fail students who do not clear year-end exams. It will be applicable to over 3,000 central schools.
The Ministry of Education(MoE) issued the notification on December 16 2024, amended “Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009, as revised by the RTE (Amendment) Act, 2019”, outlining the changes to the promotion criteria. The amended rules, titled the RTE (Amendment) Act, 2024.
The new policy was officially notified after the completion of the National Curriculum Framework(NCF) in 2023. The policy change was made under the leadership of Sanjay Kumar, Secretary of the Department of School Education and Literacy, MoE.
National Education Policy (NEP) 2020: The policy change aligns with the NEP 2020’s emphasis on improving learning outcomes while retaining access to education.
The ‘no-detention policy’ was initially introduced in 2019 under Section 16 of the RTE Act 2009, aiming to ensure education access without fear of failure.
The no-detention policy was criticized for diluting academic standards and fostering a lack of accountability among students.
16 states and 2 Union Territories (UTs), including Assam, Bihar, Delhi, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh (HP), West Bengal (WB), Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu (TN), have decided to adopt the no-detention policy. - In December 2024, the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) partnered with the West Bengal (WB) Government to enhance the treatment of children affected by __________________.
1) Cardiovascular diseases
2) Obesity
3) Respiratory diseases
4) Non-Communicable Diseases
5) HypertensionAnswer-4) Non-Communicable Diseases
Explanation:
In December 2024, the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) partnered with the West Bengal(WB) Government to enhance the treatment of children affected by Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD), including juvenile diabetes.
The aim of this collaboration is to scale up the state’s healthcare capacity to address childhood NCDs and provide equitable access to treatment.
UNICEF collaborates with WB’s Department of Health and Family Welfare(DHFW) and Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research (IPGMER) & Seth Sukhlal Karnani Memorial (SSKM) Hospital, Kolkata, WB to create a Primary Health Care (PHC) model to prevent and manage NCDs in children by improving community healthcare and primary health services.
UNICEF has partnered with the West Bengal Academy of Paediatrics to help the health department and district health authorities provide treatment across all districts in WB.
Juvenile diabetes is a chronic disease also known as Type 1 diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes.
It is caused when a child’s body destroys the cells in the pancreas that make insulin, which helps in controlling blood sugar levels. - Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi’s visit to Kuwait from 21st to 22nd December 2024?
A) India and Kuwait signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on Cooperation in the field of Defence.
B) India and Kuwait signed an MoU on Maritime Security Cooperation.
C) PM Modi was awarded the Wisam Mubarak al-Kabeer or the Order of Mubarak the Great by Sheikh Meshal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah. This is the highest national award of Kuwait.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & CAnswer-2) Only A & C
Explanation:
Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi made an official 2-day visit to Kuwait from 21st December to 22nd December 2024 at the invitation of Sheikh Meshal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, the Amir of the State of Kuwait.
This was the first visit by an Indian PM to the Gulf nation in over four decades.
The objective of the visit was to review and boost collaborations in key areas such as trade, energy, investment, culture, and the deep-rooted people-to-people ties between the two nations.
India and Kuwait signed four Memorandum of Understandings (MoUs) in the areas of defence, sports and cultural cooperation.
1. MoU between India and Kuwait on Cooperation in the field of Defence to promote bilateral cooperation in defence in areas including training, exchange of personnel and experts, joint exercises, defence industry cooperation, supply of equipment, and Research and Development (R&D).
2. Cultural Exchange Programme (CEP) between India and Kuwait (2025-2029) to promote cultural exchanges in art, music, dance, literature, theatre, conserve cultural heritage, R&D in culture, and organization of festivals.
3. Executive Programme (EP) for Cooperation in the Field of Sports (2025-2028) to enhance exchange of sports leaders, participation in programs, and exchange of knowledge and skills in sports medicine, management, media, and science.
4. Kuwait’s membership of International Solar Alliance (ISA) to adopt solar energy and addressing common challenges to promote usage of solar energy, develop low-carbon growth economies.
PM Modi was awarded the Wisam Mubarak al-Kabeer, or the Order of Mubarak the Great, by Sheikh Meshal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah on 22nd December 2024. This is the highest national award of Kuwait.
He attended the opening ceremony of the 26th Arabian Gulf Cup in Kuwait on 21st December 2024 organized by Kuwait with participation from eight countries, including Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) nations, Iraq, and Yemen. Click here to read more. - Which organisation has recently (in December ‘24) launched its assessment report on the Interlinkages Among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health known as the Nexus Report?
1) World Health Organization
2) World Wildlife Fund
3) World Food Programme
4) United Nations Environment Programme
5) Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem ServicesAnswer-5) Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services
Explanation:
On December 17 2024, the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) launched its assessment report on the Interlinkages Among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health known as the Nexus Report.
As per the report, Pollution is a main driver responsible for degradation of biodiversity, water quality and human health.
The report has identified 5 ‘nexus elements’ including: biodiversity, water, food, health and climate change, and found that all these elements are interconnected, influence each other and have consequences when combined.
As per the report, 90% of premature deaths from pollution are reported from Low-and-Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) and found air pollution was the reason for these premature deaths.
The report highlighted that for the past 30 to 50 years, all assessed indicators indicate that biodiversity is declining by 2 to 6% per decade.
As per the report, the finance gaps to meet the biodiversity requirements are USD 300 billion to USD 1 trillion annually, and required additional investments to meet the SDGs most directly related to water, food, health and climate change are minimum USD 4 trillion annually. Click here to read more. - In December 2024, the Government of India (GoI) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB) signed a ______________ loan to support green and sustainable infrastructure projects aligned with India’s climate commitments.
1) USD 100 million
2) USD 200 million
3) USD 300 million
4) USD 400 million
5) USD 500 millionAnswer-5) USD 500 million
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Government of India (GoI) and the Asian Development Bank(ADB) signed a USD 500 million loan to support green and sustainable infrastructure projects aligned with India’s climate commitments.
The ADB loan will be given to the India Infrastructure Finance Company Limited (IIFCL) with a sovereign guarantee.
With the support of ADB financing, IIFCL provides long-term funding for infrastructure projects that prioritize energy transition and connectivity, as well as underserved industries including urban projects, education, and healthcare.
The project will increase IIFCL’s institutional capacity to incorporate green and best practices into infrastructure projects.
The ADB and Vastu Housing Finance Corporation Limited (Vastu) have entered into a senior secured loan agreement of up to USD 70 million to enhance access to affordable and sustainable housing loans in underserved states of India.
This financing will be utilized to provide loans to EWS and low-income groups and women borrowers. First-time borrowers will receive at least 15% of the total funds.
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) reports that 95% of India’s total housing deficit is caused by shortages of 45 million houses for economically weaker communities and 50 million for low-income groups. - In December 2024, ICICI Prudential Life Insurance launched ICICI Pru Wish, a critical illness and surgery insurance product designed specifically for _____________.
1) Farmers
2) Children
3) Women
4) Students
5) Senior CitizensAnswer-3) Women
Explanation:
In December 2024, ICICI Prudential Life Insurance launched ICICI Pru Wish, a critical illness and surgery insurance product designed specifically for women. The product developed in partnership with the Reinsurance Group of America (RGA) and provides a lump sum payout upon diagnosis of covered conditions.
ICICI Pru Wish is the life insurance industry’s first health product addressing women-specific ailments. It also includes coverage options for maternity-related complications and genetic disorders in newborns.
ICICI Pru Wish provides an instant payout of up to 100% of the health cover amount when breast, cervical, and uterine cancers, as well as heart conditions are diagnosed.
The product offers a 30-year premium guarantee to reduce concerns about premium rises.
It also provides a premium vacation of up to 12 months during the payment period, providing financial flexibility in unexpected situations. - Which organization has recently (in December ‘24) developed the newer version of the Search and Rescue Aid Tool (SARAT) for assisting search and rescue operations at sea?
1) National Disaster Management Authority
2) National Institute of Ocean Technology
3) National Maritime Foundation
4) International Maritime Organization
5) Indian National Centre for Ocean Information ServicesAnswer-5) Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS), under the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) developed a newer version of its own Search and Rescue Aid Tool (SARAT) to assist search and rescue operations in the seas to locate persons or vessels.
Earth System Science Organization – Indian National Center for Ocean Information Services (ESSO-INCOIS) developed the Search and Rescue Aid Tool (SARAT) in 2016, based on the LEEWAY model, to support Search and Rescue (SAR) operations in the Indian Ocean region.
SARAT enhances rescue efforts and is accessible online at SARAT Portal.
The tool locates the person or object with certainty using a model ensemble that accounts for uncertainties in the missing object’s initial location and last known time.
The winds and currents mostly control the movement of the lost objects. The tool is based on model currents originated from a very high resolution Regional Ocean Modelling System (ROMS) run operationally on High Performance Computers at INCOIS. - Name the two experimental upgrades of Gemini Artificial Intelligence (AI) suite that was recently (in December ‘24) introduced by Google.
1) Gemini-Exp-1010 and Gemini 1.0 Flash
2) Gemini-Exp-1206 and Gemini 2.0 Flash
3) Gemini-Exp-1301 and Gemini 3.0 Flash
4) Gemini-Exp-1403 and Gemini 4.0 Flash
5) Gemini-Exp-1906 and Gemini 5.0 FlashAnswer-2) Gemini-Exp-1206 and Gemini 2.0 Flash
Explanation:
Google has introduced 2 experimental upgrades to its Gemini Artificial Intelligence (AI) suite “Gemini-Exp-1206 and Gemini 2.0 Flash”. These models were designed to support and improve performance tasks such as coding challenges, mathematical problem-solving and creating detailed business plans.
The new Gemini-Exp-1206 model enhances AI’s ability to handle complex queries, providing precise and actionable responses.
The Gemini 2.0 Flash model further upgrades the user experience by unlocking advanced generative AI capabilities.
The new ‘Gemini 2.0 Flash’ is available as an experimental model to developers via the Gemini API in Google AI Studio and Vertex AI with multimodal input and text output for all developers, and text-to-speech and native image generation available to early-access partners
Gemini 2.0 Flash will also be available on the Gemini mobile app at a later stage, offering wider access. - Dr Manmohan Singh, former Indian Prime Minister (PM) and a key architect of India’s economic reforms passed away at the age of 92 in New Delhi, Delhi.
Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the former Indian PM Dr. Manmohan Singh?
A) He served as India’s 13th PM from 2004 to 2014 (2 consecutive terms), becoming India’s 4th longest-serving PM.
B) He served as the 15th Governor of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) from 1982 to 1985.
C) He received Padma Bhushan in 1987 for his exceptional and distinguished service in the field of public affairs, particularly his contributions to India’s economic reforms.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & CAnswer-1) Only A & B
Explanation:
On December 26, 2024, Dr Manmohan Singh, former Indian Prime Minister(PM) and a key architect of India’s economic reforms passed away at the age of 92 in New Delhi (Delhi). He was born on 16 September 1932 in Gah, West Punjab(British India).
Manmohan Singh served as India’s 13th PM from 2004 to 2014 (2 consecutive terms), becoming India’s 4th longest-serving PM.
He served as the 15th Governor of the Reserve Bank of India(RBI) from 1982 to 1985.
The National Stock Exchange (NSE), which was formally launched in 1992, saw significant reforms and expansion during his tenure as the Finance Minister of India.
The Golden Quadrilateral project aimed at improving connectivity between major cities, was further accelerated during his tenure, alongside the expansion of highways, ports and airports.
National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005 (NREGA), later renamed the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), was launched during his time as PM.
The Right to Information (RTI) Act 2005, which was enacted in 2005, a transparency law that gave citizens the legal right to access information about government functioning aimed to promote government accountability and reduce corruption.
Padma Vibhushan (1987): India’s second-highest civilian award, given for his exceptional and distinguished service in the field of public affairs, particularly his contributions to India’s economic reforms.
Indira Gandhi Prize for Peace, Disarmament and Development (2009): Received the award for his leadership and economic policies that transformed India into one of the world’s fastest-growing economies. Click here to read more. - In December 2024, Renowned Indian _______________ and Padma Awardee Shyam Benegal passed away at the age of 90 in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
1) Musician
2) Filmmaker
3) Scientist
4) Writer
5) JournalistAnswer- 2) Filmmaker
Explanation:
In December 2024, Renowned Indian film-maker & Padma Awardee Shyam Benegal passed away at the age of 90 in Mumbai, Maharashtra. He was born on 14 December 1934 in Secunderabad, Andhra Pradesh (AP) (now Telangana).
Shyam Benegal won 18 National Awards and received the ‘Padma Shri’ and ‘Padma Bhushan’ awards for his contribution in the Indian film industry.
Shyam Benegal began his career in 1959 as a copywriter at Lintas Advertising (now MullenLowe Lintas Group), Mumbai (Maharashtra) and became creative head, directing over 900 advertising films and documentaries.
His last project was the 2023 biographical film ‘Mujib: The Making of a Nation’ a biopic about Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, who led Bangladesh’s struggle against Pakistan.
In 1976, he received the ‘Padma Shri’, India’s 4th highest civilian award, and ‘Padma Bhushan’, India’s 3rd highest civilian award, in 1991 for his distinguished service in the field of arts.
In 2007, he received the ‘Dadasaheb Phalke Award’ , ‘Lifetime Achievement Award’ in 2015 from the All Lights India International Film Festival and ‘Shantaram Lifetime Achievement Award’ in 2018.
He has won 18 National Awards, a Filmfare Award and a Nandi Award for various films and also received the National Film Award for ‘Best Feature Film’ in Hindi 7 times.
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