Current Affairs 23 July 2021

We are here for you to provide the important Recent and Latest Current Affairs 23 July 2021, which have unique updates of Latest Current Affairs 2021 events from all newspapers such as The Hindu, The Economic Times, PIB, Times of India, PTI, Indian Express, Business Standard and all Government official websites.

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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Defence Ministry issues RFP for Construction of 6 P-75 (I) Submarines The Ministry of Defence (MoD) has issued a Request of Proposal (RFP) for construction of 6 AIP (Air Independent Propulsion) fitted Conventional Submarines named Project 75 (India) [P-75(I)] for the Indian Navy.  The estimated cost of the project is over INR 40,000 Crore.

• It is the 1st Acquisition programme under the Strategic Partnership Model (SP Model), and is a major initiative towards ‘Make in India’.
• The Indian Applicant Companies who have been shortlisted for the project are Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL) & Larsen & Toubro (L&T).
• They will collaborate with 5 Foreign Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) – Naval Group-France, TKMS-Germany, ROE-Russia, Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering Co Ltd-South Korea & Navantia-Spain for the construction of submarines.
• The Foreign OEMs (Original Equipment Manufacturers) will be the technology partner in the SP Model.

About Ministry of Defence
Union Minister – Raj Nath Singh (Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh)
Minister of State – Ajay Bhatt (Nainital-Udhamsingh Nagar, Uttarakhand)
>>Read Full News

Venkaiah Naidu Addresses World Universities Summit 2021The Vice President Venkaiah Naidu virtually addressed the World Universities Summit 2021 (WUS 21) organised by O.P. Jindal Global University, Sonipat, Haryana.

• Theme – “Universities of the Future: Building Institutional Resilience, Social Responsibility and Community Impact”.
• Discussions were held on 30 themes related to Universities & Higher Education across the world.
• Leaders from 6 continents & 25+ countries participated in the summit.

Key Points
i.The Vice President emphasized Universities to become thought leaders in finding solutions to global challenges like climate change, poverty and pollution.

• COVID-19 pandemic has pulled an estimated 1.2 billion children out of classrooms.
• He highlighted the features of the New National Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020) and stated that the 4 Pillars of NEP 2020 are Quality, Equity, Accessibility and Affordability

About O.P. Jindal Global University
Founding Vice Chancellor – Professor C. Raj Kumar
Location – Sonipat, Haryana

NSE Foundation launches Project CAVACH in 5 DistrictsOn 20th July 2021, NSE Foundation in partnership with the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and NITI Aayog launched a COVID-19 Vaccination Campaign – Project CAVACH (COVID-19 and Vaccination Assistance Campaign for Health) in 5 Aspirational districts of India.
5-districts: ‘Nandurbar’, ‘Osmanabad’ in Maharashtra, ‘Karauli’ in Rajasthan, ‘Ramanathapuram’ in Tamil Nadu and ‘Kiphire’ in Nagaland.
i.NSE Foundation has united over 30 community-based organisations on a single platform to address the Vaccine hesitancy among people & create awareness on vaccination.
ii.It will run vaccination advocacy campaign across the districts, with the help of local Community networks, Youth volunteers, Gram panchayats, self-help group members
About NSE Foundation:
i.NSE Foundation is the subsidiary company of National Stock Exchange (NSE), and is responsible for conducting all its Corporate Social Responsible (CSR) activities.
ii.NSE is headquartered at Mumbai, Maharashtra.
About UNICEF:
Executive Director – Henrietta H. Fore
Headquarters – New York, USA
About NITI Aayog:
Chairman – Prime Minister of India
Established – 1st January 2015

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

India’s score increased to 90.32% in ease of cross-border trade: UN 4^th Global Survey on Trade Facilitation 2021i.India’s efforts in streamlining the assessment and clearance of shipments to ease and boost cross-border trade have fetched fruitful results as India’s Trade facilitation score has increased to 90.32% from 78.49% in 2019 in the United Nations (UN) 4th Global Survey on Digital and Sustainable Trade Facilitation 2021.
ii.It tracked 143 economies on 58 parameters related to the WTO’s Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA), Framework Agreement on Facilitation of Cross-Border Paperless Trade in Asia and the Pacific (CPTA), among others over a two-year period.
iii.India was among the best-performing countries in South and South West Asia, and the Asia Pacific region.
About United Nations (UN):
Establishment– 1945
Secretary General– Antonio Manuel de Oliveira Guterres
Members– 193 (India became its member on October 30, 1945)
Secretariat– New York, United States (US)
>>Read Full News

Global emissions to hit Record High by 2023 as Govt Spending on clean energy is Marginal: IEAIn accordance with the “Sustainable Recovery Tracker” by the International Energy Agency (IEA), the global greenhouse gas emissions will raise to record levels by 2023 as governments are providing fiscal support ($16 trillion) to stabilize their economies affected by coronavirus pandemic, but only about 2% (roughly $380 billion) of this spending has been allocated to clean energy measures.

• Both public and private funds towards clean energy measures are well below the level to attain international climate goals.

Key Points:
i.It has triggered a warning that emissions should be cut to half in this decade in order to limit global temperature rises to 1.5°C.
ii.As per the current recovery spending plans, global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions will continue rising even beyond 2023.

• This increase will not let achieve the net-zero emissions by 2050 that the IEA set out in its Global Roadmap to Net-Zero.

Points to be noted:
i.These findings derived from the new Sustainable Recovery Tracker that was launched by IEA on July 20, 2021 to help policymakers in assessing their energy-related sustainable recovery measures. It considers over 800 national sustainable recovery policies in its analysis
ii.The new online tool is a contribution to the G20 (Group of Twenty) Ministerial Meeting on Environment, Climate, and Energy in Naples, which will take place on 22-23 July under the presidency of Italy.
iii.The majority of funds are being mobilised in advanced economies, which are nearing 60% of the investment levels envisaged in the Sustainable Recovery Plan. Emerging and developing economies, many of which have limited fiscal leeway, have so far mobilised about 20% of the recommended spending levels.
iv.Current government plans would only increase total public and private spending on clean energy to around USD350 billion a year by 2023, which is 35% of what is envisaged in the plan.

EAM S Jaishankar virtually co-chaired 11th Mekong-Ganga Cooperation Foreign Ministers’ meetingOn July 21, 2021, Union Minister Subrahmanyam Jaishankar, Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) of India and Prak Sokhonn, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of Cambodia virtually co-chaired the 11th Mekong-Ganga Cooperation Foreign Ministers’ Meeting (11th MGC FMM) meeting.

• The Foreign Ministers of other MGC countries also attended the meeting.
• The MGC initiative comprising six countries India, Cambodia, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos and Vietnam was launched in 2000 to boost cooperation in four areas of connectivity, tourism, education and culture.

Key Points:
i.The Ministers launched the MGC Website and observed the MGC Documentary Video before the meeting.
ii.The Ministers also reviewed the progress made in the prioritized areas of Mekong-Ganga Cooperation, and exchanged views on future cooperation.
iii.All ministers commended the progress of four-year MGC action Plan of Action 2019-22.
iv.They also agreed to enhance cooperation between India and the Mekong countries.
v.They adopted the Joint Ministerial Statement of the meeting.
It should be noted that in April 2020, the 20^th anniversary of MGC was scheduled to take place in Siem Reap, Cambodia but due to COVID-19 it was postponed. This celebratory event will be held in the near future.

China Launches World’s Largest Emissions Trading SystemChina’s National Carbon Market, the world’s largest Emissions Trading System (ETS) began its trading on July 16, 2021. China has replaced European Union (EU) as the largest Carbon Market.

• China is the world’s biggest emitter of Greenhouse gases; the scheme is part of China’s efforts to decarbonize its economy by 2060.
• In the initial stage, ETS will cover only the power sector; around 2,200 power firms will participate in the trading. China’s power sector is responsible for 14% of Global Greenhouse Gas emissions (GHG).
• Shanghai Environment and Energy Exchange will host the national carbon trade.

Carbon Market
Emissions Trading (also known as ‘Cap and Trade’) is a market-based approach to reduce Greenhouse Gas emissions (GHG). It puts a price on firms for emitting carbon, and allows carbon emissions to be traded like a commodity.
China Launches Secretive Suborbital Vehicle
China secretly conducted the 1st test flight of a reusable suborbital vehicle from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, Inner Mongolia.
China harvests 1st Batch of Space Rice
China harvested the 1st batch of Space rice from seeds that went to Lunar Voyage with China’s Chang’e-5. Rice seeds exposed to the environment in Space may mutate and produce higher yields once planted on Earth.
About China
President – Xi Jinping
Capital – Beijing
Currency – Renminbi
>>Read Full News

World’s 1st 3D-printed Steel Bridge Opened to Public in Amsterdam

World’s 1st 3D-printed Steel Bridge, a 12-meter long steel structure, developed by MX3D, a Dutch robotics company in collaboration with a consortium of experts, has been opened to the public in Amsterdam, Netherlands. The unveiled ceremony of the bridge was presided over by Queen Máxima of the Netherlands.
The 3D printed bridge has been installed over one of the oldest canals – Oudezijds Achterburgwal – in Amsterdam’s city centre.

• The 12 meter long smart bridge, equipped with hi-tech sensors will be a ‘living laboratory’ that will collect real-time data on the overpass’ performance. This data will be used by the digital twin, a computer model which will imitate the actual bridge in real-time to improve accuracy over time.
• The smart sensor network was designed and installed by the team from Alan Turing Institute.

AWARDS & RECOGNITIONS        

Former Indian Footballer Shibaji Banerjee will be Honoured with Mohun Bagan Ratna Award 2021 PosthumouslyFormer goalkeeper of the Indian Football team, Late Shibaji Banerjee (1950-2017), who has played for the Mohun Bagan Athletic Club (Kolkata, West Bengal) for more than a decade will be honoured with Mohun Bagan Ratna Award 2021(posthumously) at the Mohun Bagan Day Celebration which will be organised virtually on 29th July 2021.

• He is well known for stopping the free kick taken by Brazilian footballer Pelé during the 1977 exhibition match against New York Cosmos held in Eden Gardens, Kolkata, West Bengal.
• After retirement, he has served on the technical committee of Mohun Bagan.

Mohun Bagan awards 2021:
i.Best Footballer Award 2021 will be given to Roy Krishna, Fijian footballer and the captain of ATK Mohun Bagan in the Indian Super League(ISL), for his performance in ISL 2020-2021 season.
He won the ISL Golden ball for 2020-21.
ii.Best Cricketer Award 2021 will be given to Bengal skipper Abhimanyu Easwaran, who helped Mohun Bagan to win the Cricket Association of Bengal (CAB) first division One-day tournament.
iii.Best Athlete Award 2021 will be given to Athlete (hurdles & High jump) Bidisha Kundu who won the 100m hurdles and high jump in the National Championship

UK’s ‘Liverpool – Maritime Mercantile City’ delisted from the World Heritage Site ListOn 21st July 2021, United Kingdom’s (UK) ‘Liverpool – Maritime Mercantile City’ was delisted from the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites after marginalising losing the vote count conducted. The voting for delisting was conducted by UNESCO’s World Heritage Committee Chairman Tian Xuejun during the 44th session of the World Heritage Committee that was held virtually from Fuzhou, China.
i.The Delisting proposal was favoured by 13 Countries, which is 1 vote more than the required two-third majority, while opposed by 5 (UK, Australia, Brazil, Hungary & Nigeria).
ii.Proposal for delisting the world heritage site came after overdevelopment over the region, which includes plans for constructing a new football stadium.
iii.World heritage committee recently proposed to place Australia’s Great barrier Reef in the danger category due to its deterioration caused by climate change.
Note – Te Wahipounamu park from New Zealand is the newest UNESCO World Heritage Site
Notable Points on Liverpool:
i.Liverpool was one of the World’s Major Trading Centres in the 18th & 19th centuries – with advanced facilities like dock technology, transport systems & port management.
ii.It was included into the World Heritage Site list in 2004.
iii.It is only the 3rd Site to get delisted from UNESCO’s list
Other Delisted Sites:

• Arabian Oryx Sanctuary from Oman, in 2007
• Elbe Valley from Germany, in 2009

APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS          

FinMin Officer Rasmi Ranjan Das, Among 25 Tax Experts Appointed to UN Tax CommitteeRasmi Ranjan Das, Joint Secretary of the Ministry of Finance(FinMin), Government of India has been appointed as a member of the UN Tax Committee, formally known as the United Nations(UN) Committee of Experts on International Cooperation in Tax Matters.

• He is one of the 25 tax experts from across the globe who were appointed by António Guterres, Secretary-General of the UN, for a period of 5 years from 2021 to 2025.  
• The committee will promote International cooperation on domestic and international tax matters.

UN Tax Committee for 2021-2025:
i.The committee provides special attention to the developing countries and their policy environment.
ii.For the first time since its inception, the committee has a majority of women experts.
iii.The first meeting of the new members of the committee will be held in October 2021.
Members: The members of the committee include experts from Pakistan, Nigeria, Chile, South Korea, Malawi, Ghana, Mexico, Zambia, Jamaica, Ireland, Indonesia, Myanmar, Mauritania, Argentina, Angola, Netherlands, Russia, Canada, Germany, Ecuador, Italy, Sweden, and China.
Functions of the committee:
i.The committee will guide the countries’ efforts to advance stronger and more forward-looking tax policies adapted to the realities of globalised trade and investment, increasingly digitised economy, and environmental deterioration.
ii.The committee will support the efforts of the countries to prevent double or multiple taxations as well as non-taxation, broaden their tax base, strengthen their tax administrations, and control international tax evasion and avoidance.
iii.To develop guidance and encourage an inclusive setting of norms and policies, the committee will work with the observers from government, civil society, business and academia.

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

NASA’s new Spacecraft NEA Scout to launch in November 2021 as a part of Artemis I

National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) new spacecraft, named Near-Earth Asteroid Scout (NEA Scout), is one of several payloads of the Artemis I program, which is expected to be launched in November 2021.

• It has completed all required tests and has been safely tucked inside the Space Launch System (SLS) rocket.

About NEA Scout:
i.It is a miniaturized spacecraft (about the size of a big shoebox), known as a CubeSat, developed under NASA’s Advanced Exploration Systems Program. The CubeSat is being designed and developed by NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama and NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California.

• Working of Cube Sat:
  The CubeSat will use stainless steel alloy booms to deploy an aluminum-coated plastic film sail – thinner than a human hair and about the size of a racquetball court.The large-area sail will generate thrust by reflecting sunlight.Energetic particles of sunlight, called photons, bounce off the solar sail to give it a gentle yet constant push.Over time, this constant thrust can accelerate the spacecraft to very high speeds, allowing it to navigate through space and catch up to its target asteroid.

ii.It is propelled by a solar sail measuring 925 square feet. This will be America’s first interplanetary mission using special solar sail propulsion useful for small, lightweight spacecraft.
iii.Its main mission is to fly by and collect data from a near-Earth asteroid.
iv.It’s work will take about two years and will be about 93 million miles away from Earth.
v.It is also equipped with high-grade scientific special cameras that can take pictures from ranges of 10 cm/pixels to 50 cm/pixels.
About Artemis I:
Artemis I (formerly Exploration Mission-1) will be an uncrewed testflight of NASA’s Deep Space Exploration Systems viz. Orion spacecraft and SLS rocket. Under the Artemis programme, NASA aimed to land the first woman on the Moon in 2024 and also establish sustainable lunar exploration programs by 2030.

DRDO successfully Tests Akash-NG Missile & Anti-Tank Guided MissileDefence Research & Development Organization (DRDO) successfully tested the New Generation (NG) Surface-to-Air missile ‘AKASH-NG’ Missile for the Indian Air Force (IAF) & Man Portable Anti-Tank Guided Missile (MPATGM) for the Indian Army.

• The Akash-NG missile was flight tested from Integrated Test Range (ITR) off the coast of Odisha. While the MPATGM missile was launched from a man portable launcher.

Akash-NG Missile
i.Developed by the Defence Research & Development Laboratory (DRDL), Hyderabad it has a range of 60 kms and can travel up to 2.5 times the speed of sound (2.5 Mach).
ii.It will prove to be a force multiplier for the air defence capability of the Indian Air Force (IAF).
MPATGM Missile
i.MPATGM is a low weight, fire and forget Missile developed by DRDO.
ii.It has a maximum range of 2.5 km with a launch weight of less than 15 kg.
About Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO)
Chairman – Dr G Satheesh Reddy
Headquarters – New Delhi
>>Read Full News

Russia Launches ‘Nauka’ Lab Module to ISS

Russia’s Space Agency Roscosmos successfully launched ‘Nauka’ (also called Multipurpose Laboratory Module) to the International Space Station (ISS) onboard Proton-M booster rocket. The rocket was launched from Russia’s space facility in Baikonur, Kazakhstan.

• Nauka’s is Russia’s largest space laboratory, it will provide more room for scientific experiments and space for the crew in ISS.
• The 22-ton module initially scheduled to be launched in 2007 was delayed due to technical problems.
• Russia launched the 1st module of the ISS named ‘Zarya’ in 2000. Russia’s last module ‘Rassvet’ was sent to the ISS in 2010.
• ‘Nauka’ is expected to dock at ISS on July 29, 2021.

About Roscosmos:
Chief – Dmitry Rogozin
Headquarters – Moscow, Russia

SPORTS

2032 Summer Olympics to be hosted by Brisbane, Australia On 21st July 2021, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) awarded the honour of hosting the Games of the 35th Olympiad or 2032 Summer Olympics to Australia’s Brisbane city. Brisbane was selected unanimously by the IOC’s 15-member executive board as the host city for the 2032 Olympics.
i.This will be the 3rd time Australia will host an Olympic game, after the Melbourne games in 1956 and Sydney games in 2000.
ii.Notably, Australia’s Queensland has recently hosted the 2018 Commonwealth Games
iii.Venues of Upcoming Summer Olympic games:

• 2020 Olympics – Tokyo, Japan
• 2024 Olympics – Paris, France
• 2028 Olympics – Los Angeles, USA

About International Olympic Committee(IOC): 
President– Dr. Thomas Bach(Germany)
Headquarters– Lausanne, Switzerland
About Australia:
World’s largest coral reef system – “Great Barrier Reef” is located over the coast of Australia
Prime Minister – Scott Morrison
Capital – Canberra

Highlights of Tokyo 2020 Summer OlympicsThe 32nd Edition of Olympic Games is set to take place in Tokyo, Japan from 23rd July, 2021 – 8th August, 2021.  As many as 204 countries are participating in the games.

• The Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games will be held from 24th August – 5th September, 2021
• Summer Olympic Mascot – ‘MIRAITOWA’; Paralympic Mascot – Someity.
• The 2020 Games mark the 2nd time that Japan is hosting the Summer Olympic Games, the 1st one also took place in Tokyo in 1964. It is the 1st City in Asia to host the Summer Games Twice (Including Winter Games, it is the 4th Olympic Games in Japan).

• Karate, Skateboarding, Sport Climbing, Surfing, and 4x400m mixed relay are set to make their Olympic debut in the 2020 Olympics.
• The Olympics are organized by the International Olympic Committee (IOC).

India’s Squad
India is sending a 228-member Contingent to the Tokyo Olympics, which includes 119 athletes (67 male & 52 female). It will be India’s largest ever contingent of athletes at the Olympics.

• Mary Kom (Boxing) & Manpreet Singh (Hockey) will be India’s flag bearers in the Opening Ceremony, while Bajrang Punia (Wrestling) will be the flag bearer for the Closing ceremony.

Olympic Laurel 2020
Bangladesh’s Muhammad Yunus is set to receive the Olympic Laurel award for 2020 during the opening ceremony. It aims to honour outstanding individuals for their achievements in education, culture, development and peace through sport.
Paralympics
India is sending a 24-member contingent for the Paralympic games. Mariyappan Thangavelu (Para High Jumper) has been named as India’s flag bearer for Tokyo Paralympics.
Olympic Motto Amended
The Olympic Motto was amended to ‘faster, higher, stronger – together’ and ‘Citius, Altius, Fortius – Communis’ in Latin during the IOC’s session in Tokyo.

• The word ‘together’ or ‘Communis’ after a hyphen has been added to the earlier motto.

About International Olympic Committee (IOC)
President – Thomas Bach
Headquarters – Lausanne, Switzerland
>>Read Full News

Hockey India launches ‘Heroes Connect’ Web-based Platform

Hockey India (HI) has launched its own player-oriented web-based engagement platform called ‘Heroes Connect’. It will create a detailed database of the players who have represented India in both men’s & women’s games.

•  The platform will encourage former & current Indian hockey players to initiate constructive discussions around Hockey.

BOOKS & AUTHORS

American Olympian Lolo Jones Authored a Book “Over It: How to Face Life’s Hurdles with Grit, Hustle, and Grace”American Olympian (track & field and Bobsleigh) athlete Lori Susan Jones (nickname: Lolo Jones) has authored a book titled “Over It: How to Face Life’s Hurdles with Grit, Hustle, and Grace” describing her failures in the Olympics Games and their impact on her career.
The book is published by Thomas Nelson.
About the book:
Through this book, Lolo Jones encourages and challenges the young athletes to,

• handle their failures and pursue their dream,
• recognise the difference between reaching a goal and experiencing success
• Turn a failure into success.

About Lolo Jones:
i.Lolo Jones is a track and field athlete and a bobsledder, one of the few athletes to compete in both summer and winter Olympics.
ii.She has competed in Women’s 100 metres hurdles at the 2008(Beijing) and 2012(London) Summer Olympics and at the 2014 Winter Olympics at Sochi(Russia), she competed in two-woman bobsleigh.
Bobsled career: i.She has won the gold in the 2013 World Championship, bronze at the 2013 World Cup in Igls and silver at the 2012, World Cup in Lake Placid.
ii.She won her first world title in an Olympic event program by winning the 2021 IBSF World Championships(Altenberg)as the brake woman for Kaillie Humphries.

Former RBI Governor Bimal Jalan’s New Book Titled “The India Story”Dr Bimal Jalan, Former Governor of Reserve Bank of India(RBI) and Member of Parliament (MP), has authored a new book titled “The India Story: An Epic Journey Of Democracy And Development” based on extensive research and data, and his experience as RBI Governor.
The book published by Rupa Publications India focuses on the economic history of India and provides lessons for the future of the political economy.
About the book:
i.The book is divided into 2 sections:

• Learning from our Economic Past
• Beyond the Metrics of Economy

ii.The book covers a wide range of topics from economic and political reforms to good governance.
iii.The book also traces the economic policies of India between 1991 to 2019.
About Bimal Jalan:
i.Dr. Bimal Jalan has served as the Governor of RBI from 1997 to 2003.
ii.He has served as the Rajya Sabha MP(nominated) from 2003 to 2009.
iii.He had representative India on the boards of the International Monetary Fund(IMF) and the World Bank from 2014 to 2016.
iv.Before his appointment as the RBI Governor, he has served as the Chief Economic Advisor(CEA) to the Government of India, Banking Secretary, Finance Secretary, Member Secretary of Planning Commission, and Chairman of the Economic Advisory Council to the Prime Minister
Other books: India After Liberalisation: An Overview, India Ahead: 2025 and Beyond, India Then & Now: an insider’s account, Resurgent India: Politics, Economics and Governance, India: Priorities for the Future.

Former Cricketer Michael Holding authors new book – “Why We Kneel, How We Rise”

West Indies Cricketing legend – Michael Holding authored a new book titled, “Why We Knee, How We Rise”. He has detailed the book on the issue of Racism, and ways to tackle the problem faced over generations. Michael Holding is regarded as one of the greatest test bowler of all time and nicknamed as “Whispering Death”. Simon & Schuster Ltd is publisher of the book.

IMPORTANT DAYS

Pi Approximation Day 2021 – 22 July The Pi Approximation Day is annually observed across the globe on 22nd July (22/7) to honour the concept of pi, represented using the Greek alphabet – ‘π’ and the approximation of pi values to 3.14 in a mathematically pleasing way.
Why 22nd July?
The 22nd July written in the day/month format (22/7) denotes the fraction 22/7, which is a common approximation of pi which is accurate to 2 decimal places (3.14).
Significance of Pi:
i.Pi is defined as the ratio of the circumference of any circle to the diameter of that circle
ii.The fraction of Pi – 22/7 is also referred to as the Archimedes constant. 
iii.The representation of pi using the Greek symbol –π, was suggested by William Jones in 1706 and popularised by Leonhard Euler in 1737.
>>Read Full News

STATE NEWS

MP CM Shivraj Singh Chouhan launched UNESCO’s ‘Historic Urban Landscape’ project Shivraj Singh Chouhan, Chief Minister(CM) of Madhya Pradesh(MP) has virtually launched the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO)’s ‘Historic Urban Landscape Project’ for the city of Gwalior and Orchha.

• The cities of Gwalior and Orchha have been included under this project as the 8th and 9th cities in the Asia-Pacific Area (APA).
• These cities will be jointly developed by UNESCO, the government of India and the state government of Madhya Pradesh.
• The development will be focused on cities’ historical and cultural improvement.

Other pilot cities in the APA are 

• Varanasi (India)
• Hyderabad (India)
• Ajmer–Pushkar (India)
• Rawalpindi (Pakistan)
• Levuka (Fiji)
• Cuenca (Ecuador)
• Ballarat (Australia)

‘Historic Urban Landscape Project’:
The ‘Historic Urban Landscape Project’ under UNESCO was started in 2011 to ensure inclusive and well-planned development in the fast-growing historical cities while preserving their culture and heritage.
About Madhya Pradesh:
Governor– Mangubhai C. Patel
Airports– Raja Bhoj International Airport, Devi Ahilyabai Holkar Airport, Khajuraho Airport
UNESCO heritage site– Buddhist Monuments, Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka

Telangana CM K Chandrasekhar Rao to launch Dalit Bandhu Scheme

Telangana Chief minister K Chandrasekhar Rao has announced to launch Telangana Dalit Bandhu , also known as Dalit empowerment scheme.This scheme will be launched in Huzurabad(Assembly Constituency) on a pilot basis. The Aim of this scheme is to provide financial assistance to Dalit (Scheduled Caste) families for making them financially self-sufficient.

• For Implementation of the scheme, an Additional amount of Rs 2,000 crore( from Rs 1,200 crore  earlier)was sanctioned.
• The beneficiaries of  the Scheme will get Rs 10 lakh cash to each family and  financial assistance deposited directly into their bank accounts and also a safety fund will be created

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