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Current Affairs May 2 2019

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INDIAN AFFAIRS

Geological Survey of India (GSI) North Eastern Region (NER) installed 2 Geological Display Boards at Mawmluh cave, Therriaghat
The Geological Survey of India (GSI) North Eastern Region (NER) installed 2 geological display boards at 2 important geological sites with geo-scientific information. The sites are Mawmluh cave and Therriaghat cave in Meghalaya.

2 Geological Display Boards at Mawmluh cave, TherriaghatThe prime objective of this was to create awareness among students, visiting tourists and the general public and will also help to conserve the site and aid the upcoming generations to be aware of such geological developments.
Key Points:
i. The geological display boards are unveiled at Mawmluh cave and Therriaghat at Sobhar in East Khasi Hill District.
About Mawmluh cave:
Limestone mining for the cement industry is a huge threat to the Caves of Meghalaya, causing a major collapse of the Krem Mawmluh cave.
This is the 7th longest cave in of Meghalaya. The word “Krem” means cave in the local Khasi language.
i. High resolution stable isotopic studies of the stalagmites from the Mawmluh cave have depicted that there was a major climatic event around 4200 years ago.
ii. The stalagmite in the Mawmluh cave has been tagged a Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP). This formally marked the firsts of the geological time period in India.
iii. The period of the Meghalayan Age began around 4200 years ago and went through an abrupt mega-drought and cooling around the world.
About Therriaghat cave:
The Therriaghat cave marks the Cretaceous (K)-Palaeogene (Pg) mass extinction event.
The Um-Sohryngkew (Wahrew) river section at Therriaghat has the most complete records of the Cretaceous-Palaeogene (K-Pg) boundary transition in India.
In the Therriaghat cave, there lies a high level of iridium metal from the boundary. It marks the disastrous event when a giant meteorite hit the Earth.

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

UNSC Designated Jaish-E-Mohammed Leader Masood Azhar As A Global Terrorist

  • The 1267 Al-Qaida Sanctions Committee of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) designated Pakistan based militant group Jaish-e-Mohammad (JeM) leader Masood Azhar as a ‘global terrorist’ on May 1, 2019. This could be possible because China has lifted its technical hold on the proposal to blacklist Masood Azhar.
  • This time the proposal was moved by P3 countries (USA, France and United Kingdom), a permanent member to the United Nations Security Council (UNSC), on February 27, 2019 to designate Azhar as a global terrorist. This move was the response of deadly terror attack in Pulwama by Pakistan based militant group Jaish-e-Mohammad (JeM) which killed 40 Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) jawans…………………..Click here to Read more

The UK Parliament becomes the first national government to pass an Environment and Climate Emergency
The UK Parliament becomes the first national government to pass an exemplary measure, that is, a national declaration of an Environment and Climate Emergency. This move marks a serious emergency in dealing with climate change.

UK Parliament pass an Environment and Climate Emergencyi. The declaration was preceded by a visit by teenage activist Greta Thunberg (to the Parliament), the feature of David Attenborough’s documentary movie titled ‘Climate Change: The Facts’ and the 11-days of constant protest by an environmental group ‘Extinction Rebellion‘.
ii. Britain’s opposition Labour Party called for this serious action.
iii.49 million people are currently living under national, city and local declarations of a climate emergency around the world.
Climate emergency:
i. The decision of emergency in Parliament caters to national reductions and investment in the reduction of carbon emissions and saving the planet.
ii. Compared to its 1990 levels, UK (United Kingdom) was later legally committed to an 80% reduction in carbon emissions by 2050 and recently featured as 1 of 18 developed economies to decrease CO2(carbon dioxide) emissions in the last 10 years.
iii. Certain cities and local councils have laid down their climate emergency schemes to become ‘carbon zero’ by 2030.
About  UK (United Kingdom)
♦ Capital: London
♦ Currency: Pound sterling

Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a new “Sovereign Internet” law that will allow Russian authorities gain control over the Internet
On 2 May 2019, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed into law a “sovereign internet” bill that will allow Russian authorities to isolate the country’s internet to expand the Government Control of the Internet. This move is being publicly denounced by all rights groups in Russia and will lead to censorship over large parts of the Internet.
Key Points:
i. The new move requires Internet providers to install equipment for routing Russian web traffic through servers in Russia which will allow the Russian intelligence agencies of state authorities to control public information.
ii. Roskomnadzor’s chief (Roskomnadzor is Russia’s chief media regulator), Aleksandr Zharov, notified that the measures would also target the Telegram app widely used by Russians.
iii. The text of the law was published on 1st May 2019 and will come into effect after November.
iv. Russian lawmakers support the new to ensure the security of Russia’s online networks.
v. The move includes measures to create technology to watch internet routing, to move Russian internet traffic away from foreign servers.
vi. In March 2019, the Russian President signed a controversial law that permitted courts to fine and briefly imprisons people who showed disrespect towards authorities. He also blocked the media for publishing “fake news”.
vii. These laws are part of an ongoing Kremlin prevention on media and internet freedoms in which the public is imprisoned for sharing petty humorous memes.
viii. Creation of an alternative Domain Name System (DNS) was asked for to protect the Russian-language section of the internet if it is disconnected from the World Wide Web.
Reason for this legislation:
i. The government vehemently defended the legislation as a defensive step in case the United States cuts Russia out from the global Internet.
ii. Russia took this step to ensure the security of its network after US (United States) President Donald Trump brought about a new American cyber-security strategy in 2018 that held Russia responsible for carrying out cyber-attacks.

BANKING & FINANCE

PayPal India launched One Touch with the help of Google Smart Lock for seamless transactions
PayPal India used Google Smart Lock and launched its OneTouch experience in India. The launch of the OneTouch feature permits Indian consumers to register their Android device with PayPal and stay logged into PayPal for further PayPal purchases on that device, thus removing the issue of repeated log-ins and enabling a seamless payments experience.
i. The integration with Google Smart Lock will offer a hassle-free payment procedure as well as maintain security to prevent fraud.
ii. India becomes the first market where the feature of Google Smart Lock has been integrated.
iii. PayPal’s Buyer Protection feature will provide an extra layer of security to this feature for eligible transactions, that is, if items that are purchased online mismatch with the description of the product that was sold, the Buyer Protection feature enables them to claim a refund for eligible transactions.
iv. Since the Government of India is giving major importance to digital payments, PayPal got the push to partner with the Government and the state-owned banks on various initiatives, namely, digital financial literacy programme and eTourist Visa (eTV).
About PayPal:-
CEO                     :    Daniel Schulman
Headquarters    :    California , U.S.

 

BUSINESS & ECONOMY

BHEL and ARAI together signed MoU on different projects related to e-mobility
Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) and Automotive Research Association of India (ARAI) have together signed an MoU (Memorandum of Understanding) for effective cooperation on different projects related to e-mobility and implement solutions for electric & trolley bus, EV (Electric Vehicles) chargers, battery and charger testing, etc.

BHEL and ARAI together signedi. The MoU was signed by Rashmi Urdhwareshe, Director, ARAI and Renuka Gera, BHEL.
Electro mobility (e-mobility)
The term electro mobility refers to full and hybrid electric vehicles as well as those using hydrogen fuel cell technology. These vehicles represent electronically driven vehicles in the future.
i. The electromobility is combined with concepts of microcontrollers and sensors that work toward providing better energy efficiency for vehicles.
ii. Thus e-mobility would help to shift away from traditional vehicle design, that uses fossil fuels and oils to an environment-friendly design.
BHEL (Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited)
Founded by the government of India in 1964, BHEL is an engineering and manufacturing company with its headquarters in New Delhi, India.
BHEL is India’s largest power generation equipment manufacturer.
ARAI (Automotive Research Association of India)
i. ARAI founded in 1966 and located at Pune, India, was incorporated as Industrial Research Organisation formed by the Indian Automotive Industry which is affiliated under the Ministry of Industry of Government of India.
ii. ARAI is responsible for car mileage figure for every car sold in India and is the first Indian institute to develop HCNG fuel engine. 
iii. The Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Ministry of Science and Technology (MoS&T), recognized ARAI as a Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (SIRO).

APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNS

Sri Lankan cricketer Kumar Sangakkara named as first non-British President of MCC
Kumar Sangakkara, former Sri Lanka captain has been named as the first non-British president of Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC). He succeeds Anthony Wreford. It was announced at the MCC annual general meeting at Lord’s on 1 May 2019. He will take up his one-year post in October.

i. Sangakkara, 41-year-old, scored 12,400 runs in 134 tests, appears twice on the honours boards at Lord’s.
ii. MCC is the guardian of the Laws of the game and it was founded in 1787 and has been based at Lord’s, which it owns, since 1814.
iii. His responsibilities would involve the launch of The Hundred – the England and Wales Cricket Board’s new 100-ball cricket format and  two England test matches against West Indies and Pakistan.
About Marylebone Cricket Club:
♦ Founder: Thomas Lord
♦ Founded: 1787
♦ Ground: Lord’s Cricket Ground
♦ CEO: Derek Brewer (2011–)

Air Marshal Ghotia assumes charge as IAF’s Training Command Chief
On 1 May 2019, Air Marshal SK Ghotia VSM took charge as Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief of Training Command. He will succeed Air Marshal Rakesh Kumar Singh Bhadauria, who has recently assumed charge as Vice Chief of the Air Staff.
Air Marshal Ghotiai. He was commissioned in the fighter stream of Indian Air Force in Dec 1981 and an alumnus of the National Defence Academy.
ii. He is a Qualified Flying Instructor with more than 1000 hrs of instructional experience. He has also served as a Directing Staff at the prestigious Defence Services Staff College Wellington.
iii. He was awarded  Vishist Seva Medal in 2007. He was also commended by the Air Officer Commanding-In-Chief, Western Air Command in 1994.
About Indian Air Force :
♦ Headquarters: New Delhi
♦ Founded: 8 October 1932, India
♦ Role: Aerial warfare
♦ Attack: Jaguar, MiG-27, Harpy
♦ Fighters: Sukhoi Su-30MKI, Dassault Mirage 2000, Mikoyan MiG-29, Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21, HAL Tejas

M Jayshree Vyas appointed as first Independent Woman Director to BSE board
Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) has appointed chartered accountant M Jayshree Vyas as its first independent woman director to the board. However, BSE has missed the deadline of April 1 which was given to all top 500 listed companies based on their market capitalisation to appoint an independent woman director on their board.
M Jayshree VyasKey Highlights
i. Earlier, M Jayshree Vyas worked as the managing director of Shree Mahila Sewa Sahakari Bank, Ahmedabad since 1986. She had also helped in launching the first financial literacy program in Sewa bank in 2001.
Additional Information
According to the Companies Act, 2013 a certain category of companies should have at least one woman director on board. Securities Exchange Board of India (SEBI), in compliance with the provisions of Companies Act 2013, made it mandatory to have at least one woman director on board from October 2014.
About Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE)
♦ Location: Mumbai, Maharashtra
♦ Chairman: S. Ravi
About National Stock Exchange (NSE)
♦ Location: Mumbai, Maharashtra
♦ MD & CEO: Vikram Limaye

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

BSNL launches ‘Bharat fibre’ for high-speed broadband Internet service with local channel partner in Pulwama
With the launch of ‘Bharat Fibre’, the state-owned telecom firm, BSNL (Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited) became the 1st operator to start optical fiber-based high-speed broadband service in Pulwama. The Bharat Fibre services with reliable and high-speed internet are provided on the optical fibre by FTTH (fibre-to-the-home) service up to the customer premises.

BSNLi. The service was launched by BSNL Chief General Manager of Jammu and Kashmir Circle, Rana Ashok Kumar Singh, in the presence of Srinagar General Manager Telecom District Zafar Iqbal and BSNL’s channel partner, Mir Nazir.
ii. BSNL provides the FTTH service with a monthly charge of Rs 777-16,999 in around 160 telecom districts with a minimum speed of 2 megabit-per-second (Mbps).
iii. The ‘Bharat Fibre’ service has been launched on a revenue sharing basis in a business collaborative model with the local channel partner of Pulwama area.
iv. The equipment of FTTH  has been installed and commissioned by the channel partner whereas the customer billing services are being provided by BSNL.

ENVIRONMENT

Country’s biggest stucco figurine unearthed in Telangana’s Phanigiri
Indian archaeologists recently unearthed a life-sized stucco sculpture from a Buddhist site at Phanigiri in Suryapet, Telangana. As per heritage department officials, it represents one of Bhodhisattva in Jathaka Chakra.This is the largest stucco sculpture found from India till date.

Biggest stucco figurine unearthed in Telangana's Phanigirii. The sculpture is about 1.73 metres in height and 35 cm in width.
ii. It is considered to have been built at at peak of Ikshavaku dynasty.
iii. The preliminary excavation at Phanigiri was started by archaeological department official Khaja Muhammad Ahmad in 1941.
iv. The present excavations are being conducted by assistant professor Srikanth Ganveer as co-excavation director and Pagadam Nagaraju as excavation director.
About Archaeological Survey of India:
♦ Founder: Alexander Cunningham
♦ Founded: 1861
♦ Headquarters: New Delhi
♦ Parent organisation: Ministry of Culture, Government of India

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SPORTS

Apurvi Chandela achieves World No. 1 ISSF Rankings in 10m Air Rifle
According to the latest rankings released by International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF), world cup gold medallist, Apurvi Chandela became the world number one in women’s 10m Air Rifle category with 1,926 rating points. The 26-year old Apurvi Chandela is among the five Indian shooters who have earned the Olympic quota for the Tokyo 2020.

Apurvi ChandelaKey Highlights
i. In early this year, Chandela had broken the world record after winning India’s first gold medal at the ISSF World Cup 2019 held in New Delhi. She had shot 252.9 in 10m women Air Rifle final to bag gold medal at Dr. Karni Singh Shooting Range in New Delhi.
ii. After Chandela, Anjum Moudgil is World No. 2 on ISSF rankings with 1695 rating points in the 10m Air Rifle category after she won mixed gold at the ISSF World Cup in Beijing.
About International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF)
♦ Headquarter: Munich, Germany
♦ President: Vladimir Lisin

Liverpool’s Virgil Van Dijk won PFA Players’ Player of the Year Award
The 27-year old Liverpool defender and captain of the Netherland National team, Virgil Van Dijk won the Professional Footballers’ Association (PFA) Players’ Player of the Year Award for 2018-19 after a sterling Premier League campaign. Van Dijk had joined Liverpool from Southampton in January 2018 for a fee of £75million (Euro 75 million).
i. This award marks the second season straight that any Liverpool player has won the prestigious Professional Footballers’ Association (PFA) Players’ Player of the Year Award. Last year Mohamed Salah of Liverpool won this award.
About Professional Footballers’ Association (PFA)
PFA is one of the oldest sports Trade Union for the professional association footballers in England and Wales. Currently, it has around 4,000 members.
♦ Chairman: Ben Purkiss

IMPORTANT DAYS

World Password Day celebrated on the 1st Thursday of May every year
The Registrar of National Day Calendar has designated the first Thursday of the month of May of each year as World Password Day. This day is celebrated to promote better password habits for digital protection for online shopping, dating, banking, social media, private work, and life communications.

World Password DayHISTORY of the World Password Day
i. For the very first time, security researcher, Mark Burnett encouraged people to have a “password day,” where they updated important passwords in his 2005 book Perfect Passwords.
ii. Inspired by his idea, Intel Security took the initiative to declare the first Thursday of May every year as World Password Day. The declaration was done in May 2013.
iii. Sophos Group plc, the British security software and hardware company, that develops products for encryption, network security, email security, mobile security and unified threat management recommends the following four tips for building a stronger password. The steps are as follows:

  • Enable multi-factor authentication(MFA): This feature adds an extra layer of protection against someone trying to access personal accounts.
  • Use complex passwords: To ensure that the login passwords for laptops and mobile phones have complex passwords.
  • Use a password manager: Use a effective secured password manager that will create and store secure passwords.
  • Choose proper passwords: Create 1 really excellent password that is requird to lock the central ‘password vault’.
  • Use unique passwords for online banking: Banking and other sensitive accounts where financial data is accessed and stored, need special passwords.

May 2 observed as a World Tuna Day 2019
World Tuna Day was observed on May 2 worldwide to highlight the importance of tuna fish and to promote more sustainable fishing practices which will help in achieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.  In December 2016, the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) officially recognized May 2 as a World Tuna Day in its resolution 71/124. After the resolution has passed, the day was first observed on May 2, 2017.
Key Highlights
i. Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) in its latest report in 2018 titled, “The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture: Meeting the Sustainable Development Goals” highlights the tuna fish role in achieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development  and Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 14 which talks about conservation and sustainable use of oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development.
ii. Tuna is also more important for food security and nutrition. It is a high source of Selenium, Vitamin B3 (niacin), Vitamin B12, Vitamin B6 and protein and also provides Vitamin D and Phosphorus.
About Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO)
♦ Headquarter: Rome, Italy
♦ Director-General: Jose Graziano da Silva

STATE NEWS

President Ram Nath Kovind named P.R. Ramachandra Menon as Chief Justice of Chhattisgarh HC
President of India, Ram Nath Kovind has appointed Kerala High Court judge, Justice Parappillil Ramakrishnan Nair Ramachandra Menon (P.R. Ramachandra Menon) as Chief Justice Of Chhattisgarh High Court while exercising his powers conferred by clause (1) of Article 217 of the Constitution of India.
About Justice PR Ramachandra Menon:
i. He succeeds Justice AK Tripathi.
ii. He obtained his law degree from the Government Law College, Ernakulam.
iii. In January 2009, he was appointed an additional judge of the Kerala High Court.
About Chhattisgarh:
♦ Chief minister: BhupeshBaghel
♦ Governor: Anandiben Patel
♦ Festivals: Rajim Kumbh Mela, Bhagoriya Festival, Bhoramdeo Mahotsav Festival, ChakradharFestival, Goncha Festival, Kajari Festival, Madai Festival

Abhay Oka was appointed as Chief Justice of Karnataka High Court
President of India, Ram Nath Kovind has elevated Bombay High Court judge, Justice Abhay Shreeniwas Oka as the Chief Justice of the Karnataka High Court.
About Justice Abhay Shreeniwas Oka :
i. The court has been functioning under Acting Chief Justice Lingappa Narayana Swamy after Karnataka High Court Chief Justice Dinesh Maheshwari was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court.
ii. Justice Oka started his practice in the Thane District Court after his enrolment in 1983. Joined the Chamber of his father Shreeniwas W Oka.
About Karnataka:
♦ Chief minister: H. D. Kumaraswamy
♦ Capital: Bengaluru
♦ Governor: VajubhaiVala
♦ Festivals: Ganesha Chaturthi, Hampi Festival, Gowri Festival, Pattadakal Dance Festival, Mahamastakabhisheka (Shravanabelagola), Kambala Festival

President of India, Ram Nath Kovind has appointed Shripathi Ravindra as CJ, Rajasthan HC
President of India, Ram Nath Kovind has appointed Justice Shripathi Ravindra, a judge of the Delhi High Court was named as the Chief Justice of the Rajasthan High Court. He will succeed Pradeep Nandrajog. Mohammad Rafiq served as acting CJ of Rajasthan HC from 7 April 2019 to 4 May 2019.

Mangaluru police gets an all-women patrol unit “Rani Abbakka Force”
On 30th April 2019, Mangaluru Police Commissioner Sandeep Patil flagged off the all-women police patrol unit named ‘Rani Abbakka Force’  in the city to handle issues pertaining to Women and Children.
i. The Force has been named after the 16th-century warrior of coastal Karnataka, Queen Abbakka of Ullal near Mangaluru, who fought the Portuguese in the 16th century.
ii. Total 50 women policewomen have been allotted in ‘Rani Abbakka Force’ and each patrol team has five policewomen.
About karnataka:
♦ Dance forms: Bolak-aat, Ummatt-aat, Komb-aat,Dollu Kunitha, Beesusamsale and kamsalenritya, Somana Kunita, Suggi Kunita, Jaggahalige Kunita, Karadimajal, Krishna Parijatha, Lavani
♦ Major Rivers: Krishna River, Cauvery, Pennar, Netravati, Kalinadi, Manjra, Palar, Sharavati

Master Hirannaiah, veteran Kannada actor and political satirist, dies at 85
Master HirannaiahVeteran Kannada cinema, theatre actor as well as political satirist, Master Hirannaiah died in Bengaluru at the age of 85 due to liver ailments. He was born as Narasimha Murthy in Mysuru.
i. His father K Hirannaiah founded the K Hirannaiah Mitra Mandali drama company.He made his stage debut under the name Master Hirannaiah.
ii. He has  starred in films like HarakeyaKuri, Chor Guru ChandalShishya, Operation Antha, and Hudgeer Saar Hudgeeru.
iii. Famous plays : Lanchavatara,MakmalTopi, Bhrashtachara, Anaachara, and Devadasi.

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