Current Affairs 8 January 2022

We are here for you to provide the important Recent and Latest Current Affairs 8 January 2022, which have unique updates of Latest Current Affairs 2021 events from all newspapers such as The Hindu, The Economic Times, PIB, Times of India, PTI, Indian Express, Business Standard and all Government official websites.

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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Dr Jitendra Singh Inaugurates India’s First ‘Open Rock Museum’ at Hyderabad

On 6th January 2022, Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) Science & Technology Dr Jitendra Singh inaugurated India’s first & unique ‘Open Rock Museum’ at the campus of Council of Scientific & Industrial Research – National Geophysical Research Institute (CSIR-NGRI), Hyderabad, Telangana & later addressed the Hyderabad Scientists at CSIR-NGRI.
Key Highlights:
i.The Open Rock Museum displays around 35 different types of rocks from different parts of India with ages ranging from 3.3 Billion years to around 55 Million years of the Earth’s history.

• The Rock Museum aims at educating the masses about several lesser known facts about the Rocks

ii.These different types of rocks also represent the deepest part of the earth up to 175 kms of distance from the surface of the earth.
About CSIR-NGRI:
Director – V M Tiwari                
Established – 1961
Headquarters – Hyderabad, Telangana
>> Read Full News

Cabinet approval on January 6, 2022

On January 6, 2022, the Union Cabinet chaired by the Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi approved the following proposals which were detailed by Union Minister Anurag Singh Thakur, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (MIB).
i.The Cabinet approves Intra-State Transmission System – GEC Phase-II worth Rs 12,031.33cr in 7 states. This approval will add approximately 10,750 circuit kilometres (ckm) of transmission lines and approx. 27,500 Mega Volt-Amperes (MVA) transformation capacity of substations.
ii.The Union Cabinet approved the signing of Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between India and Turkmenistan on cooperation in disaster management including preparedness, response and capacity building.
iii.The Cabinet approved the signing of the Agreement between India and Spain on cooperation and mutual assistance in Customs Matters.
iv.Union Cabinet has approved a MoU between India and Nepal for the construction of a bridge over Mahakali River at Dharchula in India and Dharchula in Nepal. This MoU will further improve diplomatic relations between the two countries.
About Nepal:
Capital– Kathmandu
Currency- Nepalese rupee
>> Read Full News

MoFPI Launches Six Food products of ODOP Brands

Union Minister for Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI) Shri Pashupati Kumar Paras and Minister of State, MoFPI Shri Prahlad Singh Patel and senior officials of NAFED launched six food products of One District One Product (ODOP) brands under the Pradhan Mantri Formalisation of Micro food processing Enterprises (PMFME) Scheme at Panchsheel Bhawan, New Delhi.

• The six food brands are Amrit Phal, Cori Gold, Kashmiri Mantra, Madhu Mantra, Somdana, and Whole Wheat Cookies of Dilli Bakes.
• They were launched in the presence of Union Minister for the Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Pashupati Kumar Paras, Minister of State, Prahlad Singh Patel and senior officials of NAFED.

Specialization of Food Brands:

• Cori Gold brand has been developed for coriander powder which is the identified ODOP for Kota, Rajasthan; The brand Amrit Phal for amla juice has been exclusively developed under the ODOP concept for Gurugram, Haryana; Brand Kashmiri Mantra brings out the essence of spices from Kulgam, Jammu and Kashmir; Brand Madhu Mantra has been developed under the ODOP concept for honey from Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh; Whole wheat cookies-second product developed under the brand Dilli Bakes. The brand and the product have been developed under the bakery ODOP concept for Delhi;Brand Somdana has been developed under the ODOP concept of millets from Thane, Maharashtra.

About PMFME Scheme:
Aim – To provide support to Farmer Producer Organisation, Self-help Groups and Producers Cooperatives and to enhance the competitiveness of existing individual micro-enterprises in the unorganized segment of the food processing industry.
i.It is a Centrally sponsored scheme with an outlay of Rs. 10,000 crore that will be implemented over a period of five years from 2020-21 to 2024-25.
ii.The expenditure under the scheme would be shared in 60:40 ratio between Central and State Governments; 90:10 ratio with North Eastern and Himalayan States; 60:40 ratio with Union Territories (UTs) with legislature and 100% for other UTs.
About One District One Product (ODOP):
i.The PMFME scheme adopts the One District One Product (ODOP) approach for the procurement of inputs, availing common services and marketing of products.
ii.The ODOP can be a perishable or cereal based or any widely produced food item.
About The Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI):
Union Minister – Pashupati Kumar Paras (Constituency – Hajipur, Bihar)
Minister of State – Prahlad Singh Patel (Constituency – Damoh, Madhya Pradesh)

Sikkim Celebrated Losoong/Namsoong Festival 

Losoong (Namsoong) is annually celebrated across the Indian State of Sikkim on the 18th day of the 10th month of the Tibetan Lunar Calendar, which also marks the beginning of the harvest season. The Namsoong festival begins on the 1st day of the new moon phase Kurneet Lovo, as per the Lepcha lunisolar Calendar known as Dungkit Karchu.  The festivities of Losoong continue for ~5 to 7 days.

• The losoong festival is celebrated as Sonam Losoong, by the Sikkimese Bhutia and as Namsoong by the Lepchas.
• This year, the Losoong (Namsoong) kick starts on 3rd January 2022.
• The festival is also celebrated in Nepal and Bhutan.

Key Points:
i.Losoong is one of the most important festivals celebrated in the North-East Indian state of Sikkim.
ii.The festival begins after the priests offer ‘Chi-Fut’, a special kind of alcohol, to the gods.
Following the ritual, an effigy of a symbolic demon king Laso Mung Punu is burnt, which represents the destruction of evil.
iii.The festival celebrates the demon king’s defeat at the hands of Azor Bongthing, who protected the Lepchas from the demon king.
iv.The highlights of the festival include the black hat dance and chaam dance.
About Sikkim:
Chief Minister– Prem Singh Tamang
Wildlife Sanctuary– Fambong Lho Sanctuary; Pangolakha Wildlife Sanctuary; Shingba (Rhododendron) Wildlife Sanctuary
Zoological Park– Himalayan Zoological Park

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Sri Lanka, India Inks Deal to Redevelop Strategic Trincomalee Oil Tank Complex

On 6^th December 2022, Sri Lanka signed an agreement with India to jointly redevelop the strategic World War II-era Trincomalee Oil Tank Complex, commonly known as the Trinco Oil Tank Farm in Srilanka’s eastern port district of Trincomalee for a lease period of 50 years.

• The 85 tanks out of the 99 tanks will now be under the Sri Lankan control which was previously under the control of India.

Highlights:
The Cabinet approved the proposal to allocate 24 oil tanks to Ceylon Petroleum Corporation (CPC) and 14 oil tanks to the local operators of the Indian Oil Company (LIOC) while the remaining 61 oil tanks (out of the total number of 99 tanks)  are to be developed under Trinco Petroleum Terminal Pvt. Ltd, with shares of CPC (51 percent) & LIOC (49 percent).
About Sri Lanka:
President – Gotabaya Rajapaksa
Capital – Colombo (Legislative capital), Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte (Executive & Judicial Capital)
Currency – Sri Lankan Rupee
>> Read Full News

Japan & Australia Signed Defence Agreement to counter China

On January 6 2022, Japan and Australia signed a ‘landmark’ defence treaty named the Reciprocal Access Agreement (RAA) to counter China’s expansionary military and economic policies.
Signatories:
The treaty was signed between Australian Prime Minister (PM) Scott Morrison and Japanese PM Fumio Kishida in a virtual conference organized in Tokyo, Japan.
Key points:
i.The treaty or RAA will enhance the interoperability and cooperation between the two countries.
ii.It is the second deal signed between Japan & Australia after Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (QUAD).
About  Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (QUAD):
i.Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (Quad) is the strategic dialogue between India, USA, Japan and Australia.
ii.The formation of Quad was first initiated by Japanese PM Shinzo Abe in 2007.
iii.In 2017, the four countries established the “Quad” Coalition to develop a new strategy for safeguarding the Indo-Pacific region.

• Aim- to support a “free, open and prosperous” Indo-Pacific region.
• Members- India, the US, Australia and Japan.

Note – In September 2021, the United States, the UK (United Kingdom) and Australia had formed a new alliance AUKUS to handle the security challenges in the Indo-Pacific, under which Australia will acquire nuclear-powered submarines using US technology.
About Japan:
Currency- Japanese Yen
Capital- Tokyo
Prime minister – Fumio Kishida

India and 5 Other Nations Begin Anti-Submarine Exercise ‘Sea Dragon 22’ with US Navy

The United States (US) Navy Seventh Fleet announced the beginning of the multilateral anti-submarine warfare (ASW) exercise, ‘Sea Dragon 22’ in Andersen Air Force Base, Guam, in the western Pacific.

• The six nations that are participating in the exercise are the US, Australia, Canada, India, Japan and South Korea.

Note – India, Japan, Australia and America are also part of the Quad, and also participate in the Malabar exercise.
Key Highlights:
i.The P-8 Poseidon Maritime Patrol and Reconnaissance Aircraft (MPRA) with Patrol Squadron (VP) – 47 and Tridents of VP- 26 will Join the exercise.

• The ‘Golden Swordsmen of VP-47’, part of Commander Task Force (CTF) 72, are stationed in Whidbey Island, Washington, and are currently deployed to Misawa Air Base in Aomori, Japan.
• The ‘Tridents of VP-26’, part of CTF 72, are stationed in Jacksonville, Florida, and are currently deployed to Kadena Air Base in Okinawa, Japan.

ii.Throughout their deployment, ‘Golden Swordsmen of VP-47’ & ‘Tridents of VP-26’ will conduct maritime patrol and reconnaissance and theater outreach operations within the 7th Fleet area of operations.
About Sea Dragon 22:
i.It is a US – led exercise that focuses on ASW training and maritime security challenges in the Indo – Pacific region. The exercise includes 270 hours of in-flight training.
ii.Dragon Belt Award: Under the exercise, the Dragon Belt Award will be presented to the highest point scorer from several events conducted between the military forces of the participating countries.
Note – In 2021, the Dragon Belt Award was won by the Royal Canadian Air Force.
About United States (US):
President – Joe Biden
Capital – Washington DC
Currency – United States (US) Dollar

BANKING & FINANCE

RBI Increased Banks’ LCR maintenance on Funds Received from Non-Financial Small Business Customers to Rs 7.5 Crore

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has increased the threshold limit for Banks to maintain the Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) on deposits and other ‘extension of funds’ received from non-financial small business customers from Rs 5 crore to Rs 7.5 crore.

• Objective: To better align RBI’s guidelines with the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) standard and enable banks to manage liquidity risk more effectively.

Key Points:
i.Applicability: All Commercial Banks other than Regional Rural Banks, Local Area Banks and Payments Banks.
ii.Hence, all commercial banks should maintain LCR if they receive deposits and other ‘extension of funds’of Rs 7.5 crore and above from non-financial small business customers.
iii.The LCR requirement was introduced as part of post Global Financial Crisis (GFC) reforms, BCBS, which requires banks to maintain High Quality Liquid Assets (HQLAs) to meet 30 days net outgo under stressed conditions.
About Reserve Bank of India (RBI):
Established – 1st April 1935
Headquarters– Mumbai, Maharashtra
Governor– Shaktikanta Das
Deputy Governors – Mahesh Kumar Jain, Michael Debabrata Patra, M. Rajeshwar Rao, T. Rabi Sankar
>> Read Full News

IRDAI – to Set up Hubs on Motor, Property Insurances and Sets Norms for Surety Cover 

Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) has decided to set up two hubs, one on motor insurance at ‘Institute of Insurance and Risk Management (IIRM), the other on property insurance at ‘National Insurance Academy (NIA)’ to promote loss prevention measures in the general insurance industry.

• IRDAI also decided to form an advisory committee under the chairmanship of the NIA director to create a repository of past risk inspection reports and develop standard survey/inspection report formats.
• IRDAI has made the decision to form two hubs and also the advisory committee based on the recommendations of a working group on loss prevention and minimisation in the general insurance industry.

-IRDAI sets norms for surety cover 
In exercise of the powers conferred under section 14 (2) (i) of IRDA Act, 1999, IRDAI has issued the following guidelines to regulate and develop Surety Insurance business named ‘IRDAI (Surety Insurance Contracts) Guidelines, 2022’. The guidelines will come into force with effect from 1st April 2022.

• A surety bond is a three-party contract by which one party (the surety) guarantees the performance or obligations of a second party (the principal) to a third party (the obligee).
• The insurers were required to have a board-approved underwriting philosophy for the surety insurance business.

About Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI)
Establishment – 2000 (following the recommendations of the Malhotra Committee report)
Headquarters – Hyderabad, Telangana
>> Read Full News

Airtel Payments Bank & Park+ partner on FASTag-based Parking Solutions

Airtel Payments Bank and Park+ have collaborated to offer FASTag-based smart parking solutions to marquee commercial and residential properties across India.
This partnership will utilize the reach of Airtel Payments Bank  to digitise the parking ecosystem using FASTag associated with the vehicle.

• Park+ is backed by Sequoia Capital and Matrix Partners, and is engaged in automating parking spaces through FASTag.

Key Points:
i.Park+ will offer its full suite of FASTag services including issuance, acquiring, recharge, and technology support to Airtel Payments Bank.

• Park+ access control systems are installed at more than 1,500 societies, over 30 malls, and more than 150 corporate parks across the country.

ii.Airtel Payments Bank is among the top five issuers of FASTag in the country. It offers purchase of a FASTag from the banking section of the Airtel ‘Thanks App’.
iii.Airtel FASTag customers will also get access to analytics-based solutions offered by Park+ like toll predictor, timely low balance alerts, and automatic recharge top-ups.
About Airtel Payments Bank:
Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Managing Director (MD)– Anubrata Biswas
Headquarters– New Delhi, Delhi

ECONOMY & BUSINESS

MEA Inks Pact with TCS for Second Phase of Passport Seva Program

On 7th January 2022, the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) selected Tata Consultancy Services Ltd (TCS) for implementing the second phase of the passport seva programme (PSP) –India’s largest mission-critical e-governance programme.
Key Points:
i.TCS has been involved as a service provider in the Passport Seva Project for over 10 years.
ii.In the second phase, TCS will refresh existing facilities and systems, and develop innovative new solutions for issuance of e-passports.
iii.It also enhances citizen experience with technologies like biometrics, artificial intelligence, advanced data analytics, chatbots, auto-response, natural language processing, and the cloud.
Facts:
i.At present, 93 Passport Seva Kendra’s (PSKs), 428 Post Office Passport Seva Kendra (POPSKs) and 36 passport offices are operational across India, making a total of 557 Passport Offices for the public. A mobile app mPassportSeva is also available for the convenience of citizens.
ii.The PSP has recently been connected to more than 176 Indian missions or posts through the Global Passport Seva Programme (GPSP).
About Passport Seva Programme (PSP):
i.The first phase of the Passport Seva Program was launched in 2008 and the implementation was undertaken by TCS.
ii.In the first phase, TCS transformed the delivery of passport-related services, digitised the processes and developed transparency, and reliability.
iii.The PSK across India was the popular service delivered by TCS.

• PSK increased its accessibility by further extending its services through post offices and Indian missions and posts across the world.

Note – MEA is working towards the opening of one passport services centre in every Lok Sabha constituency where there is no PSK or POPSK.
Ministry of External Affairs (MEA):
Union Minister – S Jaishankar (Constituency – Gujarat)
Minister of State (MoS) – V Muraleedharan (Constituency – Maharashtra), Meenakashi Lekhi (New Delhi, Delhi)

AWARDS & RECOGNITIONS     

78th SKOCH Summit: FSL won the Silver SKOCH Award for Governance

The Forensic Science Laboratory (FSL) – Forensic Service, Delhi, has won the SKOCH Award 2021(Silver) in the Governance category for its work towards combating Crime and Violence against Children.

• The award was presented during the 78th SKOCH Summit held on 6th January 2022.
• The summit was organised with the theme “State of Governance”. 

SKOCH Literature Award 2021:
The SKOCH Literature Award 2021 was presented to the book titled ‘Rising to the China Challenge: Winning Through Strategic Patience and Flexible Policies’ authored by leading members of Pune International Centre(PIC).
>> Read Full News   

APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS    

Veteran Chinese Diplomat Zhang Ming appointed as new Secretary General of SCO

The senior Chinese diplomat, Zhang Ming was appointed as the new secretary general (SG) of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). Zhang Ming succeeded the former diplomat from Uzbekistan, Vladimir Norov, who completed his term on 31st December 2021.

• Zhang Ming will hold the post of SG of the SCO for a term of 3 years.

i.Prior to this appointment, Zhang Ming served for four years as the head of the Chinese mission to the European Union (EU).
Note- 21st Summit of the SCO Council of Heads of State (HoS) was held in Dushanbe, Tajikistan in 2021.
ii.For the first time, India will assume the presidency of SCO for the period of 2022-2023 after the end of Uzbekistan’s Presidency.
In line with the Presidency, India will host the SCO Summit in 2023.
About Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO):
i.The creation of Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) was announced in 2001 and entered into force in 2003.
ii.India and Pakistan joined as the permanent members of SCO in the Astana summit in 2017.
Member countries (9)– Kazakhstan, China, the Kyrgyz Republic, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, India, and Iran.
Observer States (3)– Afghanistan, Belarus, and Mongolia.

LLC announces All-women Referee team & appoints Jhulan Goswami as AmbassadorLegends League Cricket (LLC) appointed Jhulan Goswami as an Ambassador to its All Women Match Official Team to promote Women’s Empowerment initiatives of the LLC and to increase participation of women in cricket.
Key points:
i.The LLC set up an All Women Match Official Team for the League. This is the first of its all women official teams that would officiate an entire men’s league.

• The All Women Match Official Team will have female umpires and match referees from all across the world.
• Match Referee for entire season – Shandre Fritz (South Africa)
• Umpires – Shubhda Bhosle Gaikwad (youngest female umpire of India), Lauren Agenbag, Humaira Farah, Renee Montgomery.

ii.In 2021 Indian film actor Amitabh Bachchan appointed the Brand Ambassador Legends League Cricket (LLC) and former head coach Ravi Shastri is officiating as Commissioner of the league.
About Legends League Cricket (LLC):
It is the professional cricket league for retired cricketers.
The inaugural session of LLC will be organized from January 20 2022 at Oman Cricket Stadium in Muscat, Oman.
Legends League Cricket (LLC) 2022 teams:

• Indian Maharaja
• Aisan Lions
• World Giants

India’s T. S. Tirumurti takes over Chair of UN Counter Terrorism Committee for 2022

India’s Permanent Representative to the United Nations (UN), TS Tirumurti taken over the Chair of the United Nations Counter Terrorism Committee (UNCTC) for 2022.
i.India will make efforts in strengthening the multilateral response to counter-terrorism.
About United Nations Counter Terrorism Committee (UNCTC):
i.The Unites Nations Counter-Terrorism Committee (UN CTC) consisted all 15 members (Permanent and Non-permanent) of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC).
Note – Currently, India is a non-permanent member of the UNSC, and its term ends on 31st December 2022.
ii.It was established by Resolution 1373 on 28 September 2001 as counter measure of the 9/11 terrorist attacks in New York (United states).
iii.The committee has another arm Counter Terrorism Committee Executive Directorate (CTED), established in 2004 for its support.
About United Nations:
Secretary General-Antonio Guterres
Headquarters-New York, United States
Founded- 1945

Maria Elisa Quinteros Elected as new President of Chilean Constitutional Convention

The members of the Chilean constitutional assembly have elected epidemiologist Maria Elisa Quinteros as the new president of the assembly which is tasked to draft the new Constitution of the Republic of Chile.

• Maria Elisa Quinteros will replace Indigenous Mapuche professor and activist Elisa Loncon, the inaugural president of the constitutional assembly.
• Maria Elisa Quinteros was elected as the president after 9 rounds of voting.

About the Chilean constitutional assembly:
i.The Constitutional Convention is the constituent body of Chile, which is in charge of drafting a new Political Constitution of the country following the approval of the national election held in October 2020.
ii.The constitutional assembly has 9 months, extendable for an additional 3 months, to draft the new constitution. The assembly must then go to a referendum to be set up by Gabriel Boric’s (elected president of Chile) government, which takes office on 11th March 2021.
About Chile:
President– Sebastian Pinera
Capital- Santiago
Currency– Peso

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Chinese “Artificial Sun” Achieved Continuous High-Temperature Plasma Operation; Set New World Record

On 6th January 2022, The experimental advanced superconducting tokamak (EAST), which is known as the Chinese ‘Artificial Sun’ has achieved a continuous high-temperature plasma operation for 1056 seconds at a stunning 70 million degrees Celsius. This sets a new world record for the longest time of operation of its kind in the world.

• The EAST is located at the Institute of Plasma Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (ASIPP) in Hefei, Anhui Province, China.
• Goal of EAST: To create nuclear fusion like the Sun, using deuterium abound in the sea to provide a steady stream of clean energy.

SPORTS

Nodirbek Abdusattorov wins 2021 World Rapid Chess Champion Nodirbek Abdusattorov, from Uzbekistan, won the World Rapid Chess Champion of 2021 by defeating Ian Nepomniachtchi (Russia) in a tiebreaker and dethroning Magnus Carlsen, the current World Number 1.

• 2020 FIDE Champion was won by Magnus Carlsen

i.Nodirbek won the title along with a prize of $60,000, where he lost only one match against the Ukrainian Anton Korobov, and tied in five others.

ii.The Uzbeki Grand Master (GM), received the Mard Uglon (“Brave Son”) Presidential medal.

Note – Magnus Carlsen (Norway) has previously won the 2021 World Chess Championship.
Achievements of Nodirbek Abdusattorov

1. Abdussatorov’s first success was the 2012 World Youth Championships Under-8 division, in which he won.
2. Abdusattorov has ranked as high as fourth in the world for juniors at standard time controls, and as of January 2022 is the overall second-best ranked player in Uzbekistan.

About International Chess Federation (FIDE):
Headquarters – Lausanne, Switzerland
Motto – “Gens una Sumus” (“We are one Family”)
President – Arkady Dvorkovich (Russia)

IMPORTANT DAYS

75th BIS Foundation Day – 6th January 2022

The Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), the National Standard Body of India, annually celebrates the BIS Foundation Day on 6th January. The BIS foundation day commemorates the day on which BIS came into existence as the Indian Standards Institution (ISI) (6th January 1947).

• 6th January 2022 marks the observance of the 75th BIS Foundation Day.

About Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS):
President– Piyush Goyal(Union Minister for Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution)
Director-General– Pramod Kumar Tiwari
Headquarters– New Delhi, Delhi
>> Read Full News

STATE NEWS

Karnataka & LNG Alliance Signed MoU to Setup Karnataka’s 1st LNG terminal in Mangaluru

The government of Karnataka and the Singapore based LNG Alliance has signed a Memorandum of Understanding to set up Karnataka’s 1st Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Terminal in Mangaluru, Karnataka.
The terminal will be developed in association with the New Mangalore Port Trust (NMPT) with an investment of Rs 2250 crore. 

• This is a part of the Government of India’s plan to strengthen the alternative fuel sector to reach net-zero carbon by 2070.
• LNG alliance has proposed to develop an LNG import terminal with an initial capacity of 4 Million Tonnes Per Annum (MTPA) with the potential for expansion up to 8 MTPA in line with the estimated demand increase over the next 2 decades.

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