On January 29, 2023, the Ministry of Education (MoE) released the All India Survey on Higher Education (AISHE) 2020-2021.
- AISHE 2020-21 was the 11th annual Survey and 1st Survey being conducted using an entirely online data collection platform through the Web Data Capture Format (Web DCF), which was Developed by the Department of Higher Education and the National Informatics Centre (NIC).
- The report is based on data uploaded voluntarily by Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) listed in the aishe.gov.in portal.
Key Highlights of AISHE 2020-21:
i.A total of 1,113 Universities, 43,796 Colleges and 11,296 Stand Alone Institutions were registered in AISHE 2020-21.
ii.Under AISHE 2020-21 for the first time, all the major Stakeholders in Higher Education, such as University Grants Commissions, All India Council for Technical Education, the Medical Council of India as well as State Governments participated in the data collection exercise.
a.Enrolment in Higher Education:
i.Total students’ enrolment in higher education in 2020-21 increased to around 4.14 crore (crossing the 4 crore mark for the 1st time) from 3.85 crore in 2019-20 with an increase of 7.5% from 2019-20 and 21% from 2014-15.
- Increase of 7.5% from 2019-20 and 21% from 2014-15.
ii.A total of 2.12 crore (51.3%) male and 2.01 crore (48.7%) female students were enrolled in Higher Education.
iii.Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in higher education for the age group 18-23 years in 2020-21, is estimated to be 27.3, as compared to 25.6 in 2019-20.
iv.Gender Parity Index (GPI) i.e., the ratio of female GER to male GER, has increased from 1 in 2017-18 to 1.05 in 2020-21.
v.The top 6 States in terms of Student Enrolment are Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka and Rajasthan.
v.Enrolment of Students:
- The enrolment of Scheduled Caste students is 58.95 Lakh as compared to 56.57 Lakh in 2019-20.
- Enrolment of Scheduled Tribes (ST) students has increased to 24.1 lakh in 2020-21 from 21.6 lakh in 2019-20. The ST Student enrolment since 2014-15 increased by 47.00%.
- Enrolment of Other Backward Class (OBC) students has also increased by 6 Lakh to 1.48 crore in 2020-21, from 1.42 crore in 2019-20.
- The total Student Enrolment in North East States is 12.06 Lakh in 2020-21 as compared to 9.36 Lakh in 2014-15.
- Of the total enrolment, 55.5 Lakh students are enrolled in Science Stream.
- Government Universities (59% of total) contribute towards 73.1% of the enrolment and Government Colleges (21.4% of total) contribute towards 34.5% of the enrolment.
vi.The enrolment in the Institute of National Importance (INIs) has increased by nearly 61% during 2014-15 to 2020-21.
b.Number of Institutions
i.Universities:
- The number of Universities in 2020-21 increased to 1,113 from 1,043 in 2019-20 (increased by 70). Since 2014-15, there has been an increase of 353 Universities (46.4%).
- There are 17 Universities exclusively for Women (It was 11 in 2014-15).
ii.College:
- The number of Colleges has increased by 1453, to 43,796 in 2020-21 from 42,343 in 2019-20.
- There are 4375 Colleges(10.5%) exclusively for Female, while only 72 Colleges (0.2%) are for male.
- College density i.e. the number of colleges per lakh eligible population (population in the age-group 18-23 years) varies from 8 in Bihar to 62 in Karnataka as compared to All India’s average of 31 (it was about 27 in 2014-15).
- The top 10 states in terms of the number of Colleges in India are Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Telangana and Kerala, each having at least 29 or more Colleges per lakh population.
- Among the districts, the maximum number of colleges (1058) are situated in Bangalore Urban followed by Jaipur (671).
Note –About 43% of the Universities and 61.4% of Colleges are in Rural Areas.
c.Out-turn:
i.The total number of pass-outs has increased to 95.4 Lakh in 2020-21 as against 94 Lakh in 2019-20.
ii.Under graduate level: The highest out-turn is in Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) with 20.5 Lakh, followed by Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) with 11.3 Lakh
iii.Post-graduate level: The highest out-turn is in Master of Arts (M.A.) 5.4 Lakh, followed by Master of Science (M.Sc.) 2.9 Lakh
iv.In Diploma, the total number of pass-out is 8.48 Lakh.
v.Ph.D.: 25,550 students were awarded Ph.D. during 2020 with highest number of Ph.D. awarded in Science 6,022 followed by Engineering & Technology 4,556.
d.Faculty:
i.The total number of teachers is 15,51,070 of which about 57.1% are male and 42.9% are female.
ii.Number of teachers has increased by 47,914 in 2020-21 over 2019-20.
iii.There are 75 female teachers per 100 male teachers.
Facts about AISHE?
i.It is a survey which is being conducted by MoE since 2011, to cover all the Institutions in India that are engaged in imparting Higher Education.
ii.Detailed information regarding student enrolment, data about teacher, infrastructural information, and financial information will be collected under the survey.
iii.Indicators of educational development such as Institution Density, Gross Enrolment Ratio, Pupil-Teacher Ratio, GPI, etc. are calculated from the data collected through AISHE.
iv.The Institutions, under AISHE are classified in the following 3 broad categories
- University and University Level Institutions
- Colleges/Institutions
- Stand-alone Institutions (not affiliated with Universities)
Recent Related News:
The Times Higher Education (THE) released the 12th edition of its annual Global Employability University Ranking and Survey (GEURS) 2022-2023 which was conducted by HR consultancy Emerging and published by THE. It featured 7 Indian universities among the top 250 universities in the world for graduate employability.
