Current Affairs 26 October 2021

We are here for you to provide the important Recent and Latest Current Affairs 26 October 2021, which have unique updates of Latest Current Affairs 2021 events from all newspapers such as The Hindu, The Economic Times, PIB, Times of India, PTI, Indian Express, Business Standard and all Government official websites.

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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Government Notifies Indian Telegraph Right of Way (Amendment) Rules, 2021The Department of Telecom, Ministry of Communication has notified Indian Telegraph Right of Way (Amendment) Rules, 2021 by amending Indian Telegraph Right of Way (RoW) Rules, 2016. This amendment was made to ease the rollout of communications networks by fixing nominal one-time fee at Rs 1,000 per kilometer and uniform procedure for establishment of Overground Telegraph Line.

• This will also make the documentation for RoW application for overground telegraph lines simple and augmentation of Digital Communications Infrastructure across the country.

Background:
Earlier also the fee was Rs 1,000 only per km, but some State local municipalities charge more like Kerala, Gujarat levy annual rent in addition to one-time charges. In order to overcome this, the amendment has been made.

• Also, earlier the RoW Rules had covered only underground optical fibre cable (OFC) and mobile towers.

2nd Edition of Naval Commanders’ Conference of 2021 Held from 18-22 October; Indian Navy Received 11th P-8I AircraftThe Union Minister of Defence, Rajnath Singh, addressed the 2nd edition of the 5-day Naval Commanders’ Conference of 2021 (Naval Commanders’ Conference 21/2), which was held in New Delhi from 18 to 22 October 2021.

• At the event, Rajnath Singh launched an ‘Integrated Unmanned Road Map for Indian Navy’, to provide a comprehensive Unmanned Systems Roadmap in accordance with the Indian Navy’s Concept of Operations and chart out a capability development plan for the Indian Navy.
• The Indian Navy has received its 11th P-8I, (Poseidon-8I) the Long Range Maritime Reconnaissance Anti-Submarine Warfare (LRMRASW) aircraft from Boeing, the United States (US) based aerospace company to boost anti-submarine operations in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR).
• On 21 October 2021, the Ministry of Defence (MoD) signed a contract with the US Government under Foreign Military Sale (FMS) for procurement of MK 54 Torpedo and Expendable (Chaff and Flares) for the Indian Navy at a cost of Rs 423 Crores.

About Ministry of Defence (MoD):
Union Minister – Raj Nath Singh (Constituency – Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh)
Minister of State – Ajay Bhatt (Constituency – Nainital-Udhamsingh Nagar, Uttarakhand)
>>Read Full News

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

14% of world’s corals lost in 10 years due to Global Warming: Status of Coral Reefs of the World 2020 Reporti.In accordance with the 6th edition of ‘Status of Coral Reefs of the World: 2020’ report by the Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network (GCRMN) there is loss of 14% of the world’s coral since 2009 to 2018.  The loss is varied by region, ranging from 5% in East Asia to 95% in the eastern tropical Pacific.
ii.The report provided the most detailed scientific picture to date of the elevated temperatures affecting the world’s reefs.
iii.The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) provided financial, technical and communication support to the report.
About UNEP(United Nations Environment Programme)
Executive Director– Inger Andersen
Headquarters– Nairobi, Kenya
>>Read Full News

BANKING & FINANCE

FGII Entered Into Bancassurance Partnership With Bank of IndiaFuture Generali India Insurance(FGII) Company Limited, a private sector general insurer, has entered into a bancassurance partnership with the Bank of India(BoI) to increase the reach of its insurance products.

• Under this partnership, FGII will offer its wide range of best in class and innovative insurance solutions to the customers of 5084 Branches of BoI across 28 states and 8 Union Territories.

Note:
To date, the FGII has partnered with around 15 public and private banks to enhance its distribution across India.
What is Bancassurance?
Bancassurance is an arrangement between a bank and an insurance company that allows the insurance company to sell its products through the bank’s infrastructure to the customers of the bank.
This partnership arrangement can be profitable for both companies.
About Future Generali India Insurance Company Limited:
FGII is a joint venture of Future Group and Generali Group which are involved in retail and insurance business, respectively.
MD & CEO– Anup Rau
Incorporated in September 2007
Headquarters– Mumbai, Maharashtra
About Bank of India(BoI):
MD & CEO– Atanu Kumar Das
Headquarters– Mumbai, Maharashtra
Tagline– Relationship beyond banking
Founded on 7th September 1906
Nationalised in July 1969

AWARDS & RECOGNITIONS   

Tsitsi Dangarembga Receive 2021 Peace Prize of the German Book Trade; Becomes 1st Black Woman To Win AwardBörsenverein des Deutschen Buchhandels, an association of German book publishers and book sellers, awarded 2021 Peace Prize of the German Book Trade to the Zimbabwean author and a filmmaker Tsitsi Dangarembga for a “new Enlightenment”, a work on violence in her country and all over the world. Dangarembga is the first black woman to win German Peace Prize

• She stresses on the need for a fundamental shift to overcome the structures of racial hierarchy that have led to violence in her home country and also across the world.
• She highlighted the various forms of violence on black inhabitants by the white colonialists in the 19th and 20th centuries.

About Tsitsi Dangarembga: 
Tsitsi Dangarembga is novelist, playwright and filmmaker, born on February 4, 1959, in mutoko, Zimbabwe.

• Her debut novel, Nervous conditions was the first to be published in English by black women from Zimbabwe.

About German Peace Prize :
i.Börsenverein des Deutschen Buchhandels, the German Publishers and Booksellers Association in the Federal Republic of Germany, has been awarding the Peace Prize of the German Book of Trade.The association also runs the Frankfurt Book Fair.
ii.The prize embodies 25,000 euros, raised by the publishers and booksellers.
iii.The prize is traditionally awarded on Sunday Frankfurt Book Fair, usually takes place in the month of October.        

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

US conducts successfully tested three hypersonic missile prototypesThe United States (US) successfully tested three hypersonic weapon component prototypes at NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) facility in Wallops, Virginia. The test was conducted by Sandia National Laboratories.

• This successful test led to the development of the US Navy’s Conventional Prompt Strike (CPS) and the Army’s Long Range Hypersonic Weapon (LRHW) offensive hypersonic strike.

Key Points:
i.A booster rocket carrying a hypersonic weapon failed during a separate test.
ii.This new weapon system is already being deployed by China and Russia.
ii.Hypersonic missiles can fly more than five times the speed of sound or about 3,853 miles per hour (6,200 kph).

France launches Military Communications Satellite ‘Syracuse 4AFrance has successfully launched a state-of-the-art Military Communications satellite namely ‘Syracuse 4A’ into orbit which was carried off by Ariane 5 rocket from Kourou, in French Guiana. It is designed to allow France’s armed forces across the globe to communicate swiftly and securely.

• The satellite can survey its close surroundings and move itself to escape an attack.
• It is equipped with an anti-jamming antenna and digital transparent processor on board which will guarantee a high resistance to extreme jamming methods.
• It will also resist military aggression from the ground and in space, as well as interference.

Key Points:
i.The investment in France’s space programme is set to reach 4.3 billion euros ($5 billion) over the 2019-2025 budget period.
ii.In July 2019, Paris created a space force command as its rival countries were heavily investing in space technology.
About France:
Capital– Paris
Currency– Euro
Prime Minister– Jean Castex

China Launched Shijian-21 Satellite to Test Space Debris Mitigation TechnologyIn October 2021, China successfully launched a satellite named Shijian-21 on the planned orbit to test and verify space debris mitigation technologies.

• The satellite was launched by a Long March-3B carrier rocket from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center, southwest China.
• The current launch marks 2021’s, 36th launch of CASC (China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation) and 39th overall launch of China. CASC is targeting more than 40 launches before the end of 2021.

About Space Debris: It is any piece of machinery or debris left by humans in space. It can refer to big objects such as dead satellites that have failed/been left in orbit at the end of their mission. It can also refer to smaller things, like bits of debris that have fallen off a rocket.
Additional Info: A Space startup named Digantara Research and Technology (DRT) has developed India’s first in-orbit space debris monitoring and tracking system that works on LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) technology. Click here to know more
About China:
Capital – Beijing
President – Xi Jinping
Currency – Renminbi

SPORTS

Max Verstappen wins Formula 1 U.S. Grand Prix 2021Belgian-Dutch Racing driver, Max Verstappen (Red Bull Racing-Honda) won 2021 United States Grand Prix (officially known as the Formula 1 Aramco United States Grand Prix 2021) by defeating Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes) of the United Kingdom, held at Circuit of the Americas, Austin, Texas, United States (US).
It was organized by the Fédération Internationale de l’Automobile (FIA).
About Max Verstappen:
i.Born on 30 September, 1997 at Hasselt, Belgium.
ii.He made his debut in 2015 Australian Grand Prix and won his first race in 2016 Spanish Grand Prix.
iii.He is currently competing in Formula One, under the Dutch Flag, with Red Bull racing and he is due to remain at Red Bull until the end of 2023 season.
 About Formula 1 racing
i.Formula 1 racing is one among the 5 best known Formulae in open wheel racing.
ii.The other formulae are, Formula E, Formula Two, Formula Three, regional Formula Three and Formula Four.

Yamaha’s Fabio Quartararo won 2021 MotoGP World Championship; becomes first Frenchman to win

Monster Energy Yamaha MotoGP’s Team, Fabio Quartararo became the ‘2021 FIM MotoGP World Championship’, by winning 2021 Emilia Romagna motorcycle Grand Prix (officially known as the Gran Premio Nolan del Made in Italy e dell’Emilia-Romagna). It was held at the Misano World Circuit Marco Simoncelli in Misano Adriatico. It was managed by Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme(FIM).

• Fabio Quartararo became the first Frenchman to win MotoGP World Championship.
• Francesco Bagnaia (Ducati Lenovo Team) crashed out of the race lead in the closing stages of the Gran Premio Nolan del Made in Italy e dell’Emilia-Romagna, the title was decided as Marc Marquez (Repsol Honda Team) emerged victorious.
  

Highlights
i.Honda’s Pol Espargaro secured second and Quartararo looked set to finish on the podium as well, but he was overtaken on the final lap by Enea Bastianini, who moved up from 16th to third on his Avintia Esponsorama.
ii.Quartararo won this Grand Prix after nearly a decade of Spanish dominance, Marquez (six championships), Yamaha’s Jorge Lorenzo (2012 and 2015) and Suzuki’s Joan Mir (2020) won the last nine titles.
About Grand Prix motorcycle racing
Founded– 1949

BOOKS & AUTHORS

 New Book Titled “Kamala Harris: Phenomenal Woman” Authored by Chidanand RajghattaRenowned journalist and writer Chidanand Rajghatta have authored a new book “Kamala Harris: Phenomenal Woman”, a biography of Kamala Harris, the first women Vice President of the United States of America(USA).
The book is published by HarperCollins Publishers India.
About the book:
i.The book features the life incidents of Kamala Harris, a woman of mixed race (India and Jamaica) who has become the first Indian descent, the first woman to become the vice president of the USA.
ii.The book focuses on various aspects of Kamala Harris’ identity such as her political career, involvement in California politics and the Senate prior to her presidential run.
About Chidanand Rajghatta:
i.Chidanand Rajghattam is an Indian born journalist and political commentator based in Washington DC, USA.
ii.He is the foreign editor and the US bureau chief of the Times of India(TOI) and one of the longest-serving foreign correspondents in Washington, DC.
iii.He has also worked with The Indian Express, The Telegraph of Kolkata, India Today, and The Sunday Times of India.
Other books:

• The Horse That Flew: How India’s Silicon Gurus Spread Their Wings
• Illiberal India: Gauri Lankesh and the Age of Unreason.

IMPORTANT DAYS

United Nations Day 2021 – October 24 The United Nations(UN) Day is annually observed across the globe on 24th October to mark the anniversary of the establishment of the United Nations in 1945.
24th October 2021 marks the 76th Anniversary of the United Nations.
Background:
i.The UN officially came into existence on 24th October 1945, when the  United Nations Charter had been ratified by  China, France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, the United States and most other signatories.
ii.The UNGA adopted the resolution A/RES/168 in 1947 and declared the 24th October of every year as the United Nations Day.
Note:
The name “United Nations”, coined by Franklin D. Roosevelt, then President of the United States.
UN Day concert 2021:
i.The UN day annual concert 2021 was conducted in a hybrid format with part live and part pre-recorded performances at the General Assembly Hall in the UN Headquarters in New York.
ii.The concert was held on 21st October 2021 under the theme “Building Back Together for Peace and Prosperity”. 
About the United Nations(UN): 
Secretary-General– António Guterres
Member states– 193
Founded in 1945
Headquarters– New York, United States of America(USA).
>>Read Full News

World Development Information Day – October 24The United Nations’s (UN) World Development Information Day was observed annually on 24th October 2021 to propagate information, mobilise public opinion, and spread awareness in the field of international cooperation for growth and development.

• The first World Development Information Day was held in 1973.
•  UNGA decided to celebrate the day on October 24 to coincide it with United Nations Day (October 24).
• The ‘International Development Strategy’ for the Second Nations Development Decade was also adopted in October 24.

About UNGA (United Nations General Assembly)
President: Abdulla Shahid
Headquarters: New York, United States
Founded : 1945
>>Read Full News

World Polio Day 2021 – October 24World Polio Day is annually observed across the globe on October 24th to create awareness about the importance of the efforts to eradicate poliomyelitis (polio), an infectious disease that most commonly affects children under the age of 5.

• The day also marks the birth anniversary of Jonas Salk, an American virologist who developed the first successful polio vaccines.
• The day was established by Rotary International. 

The theme of World Polio Day 2021 is “One Day. One Focus: Ending Polio – delivering on our promise of a polio-free world!”
>>Read Full News

Disarmament Week – 24th to 30th October 2021The United Nations(UN)’s Disarmament Week, is a week-long observance, annually observed across the globe starting from the anniversary of the UN establishment, 24th October. The UN Disarmament Week is observed to create awareness about the issues of disarmament in several counties and aims to reduce the use of weapons particularly, nuclear weapons and bring peace to society.
The UN Disarmament Week 2021 will be observed from 24th October 2021 to 30th October 2021. 
Background:
i.The Final Document of the General Assembly’s 1978 special session on disarmament called for the week-long annual observance ‘Disarmament Week’ starting from 24th October the anniversary of the founding of the UN.
ii.In 1995, the UNGA invited the governments and non-governmental organisations to take part in Disarmament Week.
About United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs(UNODA):
UNODA, formerly known as the Department for Disarmament Affairs, was renamed in 2007.
High Representative– Izumi Nakamitsu
Headquarters– New York, USA
Established in January 1998
>>Read Full News

International Day of Diplomats 2021 – October 24International Day of Diplomats is annually observed by diplomats across the globe on October 24th to acknowledge the role of diplomats in making the world a better place.
The 24th October 2021 marks the observance of the 5th International Day of Diplomats.
Background:
i.Indian Poet-diplomat Abhay Kumar (Abhay K) proposed the observance of the International Day of Diplomats on the United Nations Day (24th October).
ii.The first International Day of Diplomats was observed on 24th October 2017 in Brasilia, the federal capital of Brazil.
iii.The day celebrates the role of Diplomats as peace warriors who facilitate dialogue among countries.
Indian Foreign Service Day 2021 – 9th October
The Indian Foreign Service(IFS) Day is also an initiative of the Indian diplomat Abhay K which is annually celebrated across India on October 9th, to commemorate the establishment of the Indian Foreign Service(IFS).

• The day acknowledged the important role of the Indian diplomats in promoting Indian culture on the global stage.
• The first IFS day was observed on 9th October 2011.

About IFS:
On 9 October 1946, the Indian government established the IFS for India’s diplomatic, consular and commercial representation overseas.
Functions:
i.As diplomats, the IFS officers are required to project India’s interests, both at home and abroad on a range of issues including the bilateral political and economic cooperation, Trade etc,
ii.The Ministry of External Affairs is responsible for all aspects of external relations.
About Ministry of External Affairs:
Union Minister– Subrahmanyam Jaishankar (Rajya Sabha- Gujarat)
Ministers of State– V. Muraleedharan (Rajya sabha – Maharashtra); Meenakashi Lekhi (Constituency- New Delhi, NCT of Delhi); Rajkumar Ranjan Singh (Constituency- Inner Manipur, Manipur)

60th Indo-Tibetan Border Police Raising Day – October 24,2021

The Indo-Tibetan border Police (ITBP) , India’s primary border patrol organisation, under the ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) celebrates its 60th raising day on October 24,2021.
Key points :
i.ITBP celebrates its raising day annually on October 24 since its establishment during the India-China war, 1962.
ii.Presently it is deployed on border guarding duties from Ladakh to Arunachal Pradesh for a length of about 3488 KM.
iii.ITBP is expected to get the consent of seven new battalions constituting about 8,000 personnel for its new border posts.
iv.ITBP was initially raised under the Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) Act,1949. However, in 1992, parliament enacted the ITBPF Act and they came into force with rules in 1994.
About Indo-Tibetan border Police (ITBP)
Formed – October 24, 1962
Headquarters – New Delhi, Delhi
Director General – Shri Sanjay Arora, IPS

STATE NEWS

UP Govt Approved Renaming of Faizabad Railway Junction to Ayodhya Cantt  The Uttar Pradesh (UP) government has approved the proposal of Ayodhya’s MP (Member of Parliament), Lallu Singh’s proposal to change the name of Faizabad railway junction to Ayodhya Cantt (Cantonment).
Key points:
i.The decision was proposed by the Faizabad district administration.

• Ayodhya: It was the capital of the “Ikshvaku dynasty” (to which Hindu God Ram belonged) and it was popularly known as his birthplace. It is a city situated on the banks of the river Saryu in UP.

ii.In 2018, the UP government renamed the districts Faizabad and Allahabad into Ayodhya and Prayagraj. In 2017, the central government approved its proposal to rename the Mughalsarai railway station as the Deen Dayal Upadhyaya station.
Note – The name of the Faizabad railway junction will be changed to Ayodhya Cantt after the approval of the Ministry of Railways.
About Uttar Pradesh (UP):
Airport – Chitrakoot Airport, Azamgarh Airport, Jhansi Airport
RAMSAR Sites –Samaspur Bird Sanctuary, Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary, Sarsai Nawar Jheel
Bird sanctuary – Okhla Bird Sanctuary, Surajpur Wetland, Soor Sarovar Bird Sanctuary

IGRUA & Drone Destination Sign Pact with Haryana Government  for Drone Training The flying training institute, Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Uran Akademi (IGRUA) and Drone Destination have signed a pact with the Haryana Government’s initiative ‘DRIISHYA’ (Drone Imaging and Information Services of Haryana Limited), to conduct drone training in Haryana.
Key points
i.DRIISHYA will implement various kinds of surveys and imaging work with the help of drones.
ii.IGRUA and Drone Destination currently operates at 2 satellite campuses in Manesar, Haryana and Bengaluru, Karnataka.
iii.The partnership of DRIISHYA, IGRUA, and Drone Destination will enable IGRUA to provide professional drone training in Haryana.
iv.The Drone surveys will benefit departments like mining, forest, traffic, disaster management, town and country planning, agriculture etc in Haryana.
v.Under the partnership, IGRUA will utilise the new drone policy (Drone Rules, 2021) to establish drone training schools with various state governments across India.

• Note – The Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA) has notified the Drone Rules, 2021 replacing the Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) rules, 2021. Click here to know more
• The new drone policy has targeted India to become one of the largest markets for drones’ usage in sectors like agriculture, infrastructure, health, mining etc.

About Drone Destination:
Headquarters– New Delhi, Delhi
Founder & CEO-Chirag Sharma
About IGRUA (Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Uran Akademi):
Director-Krishnendu Gupta,
Founded– 7 November 1985
Location- Amethi, Uttar Pradesh

VEM Technologies signs MoU with Telangana Government

Hyderabad -based VEM Technologies signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Telangana government for setting up an integrated defence system facility at Yelgoi,  Sangareddy district, Telangana.

• The set up is about 511 acres and investing 1000 crores in five years with 2000 employees.
• Signatories – The deal was signed between the company’s Chairman and Managing Director V Venkata Raju and Jayesh Ranjan, principal secretary, Department of Industries, Commerce and Information Technology, Government of Telangana.

Key points :
i.The integrated defence system is going to be built with full fledged facility for missiles, naval systems, unmanned aircraft system, radars, aero engines etc,.
ii.The set up becomes a base for foreign Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) for domestic and global system production.
iii.This is the first of its kind having integrated end to-end infrastructure for assembly, integration and testing of the systems.
About VEM Technologies :
Headquarters – Hyderabad, Telangana.

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