Current Affairs 12 & 13 December 2021

We are here for you to provide the important Recent and Latest Current Affairs 12 & 13 December 2021, which have unique updates of Latest Current Affairs 2021 events from all newspapers such as The Hindu, The Economic Times, PIB, Times of India, PTI, Indian Express, Business Standard and all Government official websites.

Our Current Affairs December 2021 events will help you to get more marks in Banking, Insurance, SSC, Railways, UPSC, CLAT and all State Government Exams. Also, try our Latest Current Affairs Quiz and Monthly Current Affairs 2021 PDF which will be a pedestrian to crack your exams.

Read Current Affairs in CareersCloud APP, Course Name –  Learn Current Affairs – Free Course – Click Here to Download the APP

We are Hiring – Subject Matter Expert | CA Video Creator | Content Developers(Pondicherry) 

NATIONAL AFFAIRS

ISRO, Oppo India Collaborates to Strengthen R&D of NavIC Messaging ServiceAn agreement has been inked between the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and the Chinese smart devices maker Oppo’s Indian arm to strengthen the Research and Development (R&D) of the NavIC messaging service, an Indian satellite navigation system.

• NavIC, an acronym for Navigation with Indian Constellation, aims to provide a user-friendly platform.

What is in the agreement?
i.As a part of pact, Oppo India will support ISRO with its R&D capabilities to provide a seamless experience to the users of the NavIC application.

• There will be an exchange of technical information between ISRO and Oppo.

ii.Oppo will also use NavIC messaging service in its future mobile handset sold in India.
iii.This agreement will also enable both entities for future collaborations to develop indigenous solutions.
What is NavIC?
It is the regional geo-positioning system designed in India by ISRO to provide accurate PNT (Position, Navigation, and Timing) of the Indian mainland and an area up to 1,500 km beyond the Indian mainland.  It is equivalent to American GPS (Global Positioning System), Russia’s Glonass and Galileo developed by Europe.

• NavIC is also capable of broadcasting short messages/safety-of-life alerts in areas with poor or no communication, particularly in the oceans.
• Also, NavIC is powered by dual frequency (S and L bands) while GPS is dependent only on L band making it more accurate than GPS.

Points to be noted:
i.Oppo phones currently have GPS and Beidou global positioning services.
ii.Currently, Xiaomi is the only company to have used the NavIC on its phones.

• It collaborated with ISRO for the same in 2020.

iii.The Redmi Note 9 series and the Redmi Note 10 Lite also support NavIC navigation.
About Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO):
Headquarters– Bengaluru, Karnataka
Chairman– Kailasavadivoo Sivan

MoD signs MoU with IITE, Gandhinagar for Training 800 Sainik School teachersOn December 10, 2021, the Ministry of Defence (MoD) has entered into a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Indian Institute of Teacher Education (IITE), Gandhinagar to facilitate training for 800 teachers of Sainik Schools.

• The MoU is signed for 5 years with effect from January 2022. Under the partnership, around more than 800 teachers from all Sainik Schools will be trained through courses named ‘Gurudiksha’ and ‘Pratibaddhta’.
• The MoU was signed in New Delhi by Rakesh Mittal, Joint Secretary (Land & Works) and Honorary Secretary, Sainik Schools Society (SSS), (on behalf of MoD); and Himanshu Patel, Registrar of IITE.

Key Features of the MoU:
i.Implementation of New Education Policy in schools.
ii.Development of Leadership qualities among students.
iii.Time management of UPSC (Union Public Service Commission)-NDA (National Defence Academy) preparation and CBSE curriculum.
iv.Selection of appropriate pedagogies for academic subjects.
v.Dealing with individual differences, emotional & behavioural problems of students as a Mentor.
vi.Enhancing Teacher-Pupil relationship in boarding school environment.
About Sainik Schools 
These are a system of schools established and managed by the Sainik Schools Society under Ministry of Defence (MoD) to prepare students mentally and physically for entry into the NDA and Indian Naval Academy (INA).
Sainik schools were formed in 1961 by V. K. Krishna Menon, the then Defence Minister of India, to rectify the regional and class imbalance amongst the Officer cadre of the Indian Military.
About Ministry of Defence (MoD):
Union Minister – Raj Nath Singh (Constituency – Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh)
Minister of State – Ajay Bhatt (Constituency – Nainital-Udhamsingh Nagar, Uttarakhand)

UP, Delhi, Karnataka leads in Total Registered EVs in IndiaDuring the Winter Session of the Parliament, Nitin Gadkari, Union Minister of Road Transport & Highways, informed the Rajya Sabha on the state of Electric Vehicles (EV) in India. As per the data release, India has a total of 870,141 registered EVs, with Uttar Pradesh (UP) holding the top spot with 255,700 registered EVs. 

• UP is followed by Delhi (125,347), Karnataka (72,544), Bihar (58,014) and Maharashtra (52,506) in successive positions.

GST on EVs:
The Central Government of India has reduced the Goods & Service Tax (GST) on Electric Vehicles & related products.

• GST on EVs – 5% (previously 12%)
• GST on EV Chargers & Charging Stations – 5% (previously 18%)

About Ministry of Road Transport & Highways (MoRTH): 
Union Minister – Nitin Jairam Gadkari (Constituency – Nagpur, Maharashtra)
Minister of State – Vijay Kumar Singh (Constituency – Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh)
>> Read Full News

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

India Ranked 66th at the Global Health Security Index 2021; USA TopsAs per the Global Health Security (GHS) Index 2021, the world’s average overall GHS Index score was reduced to 38.9 (out of 100) in 2021, from a score of 40.2 in the GHS Index, 2019. India ranked 66 out of 195 countries with an overall Index score of 42.8 and along with a change of -0.8 from 2019.

• The United States of America (USA) ranked 1st on the index with a score of 75.9 followed by Australia and Finland.
• No countries scored in the top tier (no country scored above 75.9) of the GHS index, with 58 percent of countries scoring below average for rapid response to and mitigation of the spread of an epidemic.

Note – India ranked 57th in the GHS Index 2019 with a score of 46.5 out of 100.
Overall ranking of GHS Index 2021:

About GHS Index: 
It is an assessment and benchmarking of health security and related capabilities across 195 countries. It is developed in partnership with the Nuclear Threat Initiative (NTI) and the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security at the Bloomberg School of Public Health. It was 1st launched in October 2019.
>> Read Full News 

India re-elected to International Maritime Organisation Council for 2022-2023India has been re-elected to International Maritime Organisation (IMO) Council for the 2022-2023 biennium under category B states.

• The Assembly of the International Maritime Organization has elected the Members of its Council for the 2022-2023 biennium.
• The Council is the executive organ of IMO and is responsible, under the Assembly, for supervising the work of the Organization.
• The Council performs the functions of the Assembly, except that of making recommendations to Governments on maritime safety and pollution prevention.

Candidates for IMO Council:
i.Category (a) 10 States with the largest interest in providing international shipping services:

• China, Greece, Italy, Japan, Norway, Panama, Republic of Korea, Russian Federation, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and United States.

ii.Category (b) 10 States with the largest interest in international seaborne trade:

• India, Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, France, Germany, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, United Arab Emirates.

iii.For Category (c) 20 States which have special interests in maritime transport or navigation and whose election to the Council will ensure the representation of all major geographic areas of the world:

• Bahamas, Bangladesh, Belgium, Chile, Colombia, Cyprus, Denmark, Egypt, Indonesia, Jamaica, Kenya, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), Malaysia, Malta, Mexico, Morocco, Nigeria, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Qatar, Singapore, South Africa, Thailand, Turkey, Vanuatu.

Note – The newly elected Council will meet, following the conclusion of the 32nd Assembly, for its 126th session (on December 15) and will elect its Chair and Vice-Chair for the next biennium.
About International Maritime Organization (IMO):
i.IMO is the United Nations’ specialized agency with responsibility for the safety and security of shipping and the prevention of marine and atmospheric pollution by ships.
ii.IMO currently has 175 Member States and three Associate Members.

UNICEF: COVID-19 Biggest Global Crisis to Child Progress in UNICEF’s 75 YearsOn the occasion of the 75th anniversary of the UNICEF(United Nations Children’s Fund), UNICEF released a report titled “Preventing a lost decade: Urgent action to reverse the devastating impact of COVID-19 on children and young people.

• The report states that children were most affected due to the COVID-19 pandemic, making this the biggest threat to progress for children in our 75-year history.
• The report outlines our current work by taking into account the ongoing impact of COVID-19 on children and the response and recovery path for each child in the future.

Problems of COVID-19:
i.Without proper action, the world will face a lost decade for children, leaving the Sustainable Development Goals an impossible dream.
ii.In less than 2 years around 100 million children have fallen into poverty, this is around 10% increase since 2019.
Dangers:
Before the COVID-19 pandemic, Around 1 billion children across the globe and around 50% of all the children in developing countries, suffered at least one severe deprivation without access to minimum levels of education, health, housing, nutrition, sanitation, or water.
Response:
To respond and recover and reimagine the future for every child, UNICEF calls for,

• Investing in social protection, human capital and spending for an inclusive and resilient recovery
• Ending the pandemic and reversing the alarming rollback in child health and nutrition
• Building back stronger by ensuring quality education, protection and good mental health for every child
• Building resilience to better prevent, respond to and protect children from crises

Key Points:
i.There are more than 60 million children are living in monetary poor households, and more than 23 million have missed out on essential vaccines, the highest number in more than decade.
ii.Schools around the globe were closed for almost 80% of in-person instruction time during the 1st year
iii.Due to the global pandemic, more than 1.6 billion students were put out of school.
iv.Mental health conditions affect more than 13 per cent of adolescents aged 10–19 worldwide. By October 2020, the pandemic had disrupted or halted critical mental health services in 93 per cent of countries worldwide.

PM Narendra Modi Attended the Closed-door Session of the 1st Summit for DemocracyIn December 2021, Prime Minister Narendra Modi has participated in the closed-door virtual Summit Session of the 1st summit for democracy which was convened by United States President Joe Biden.

• India was among the 12 countries invited to attend the Summit for Democracy Leaders’ Plenary Session.
• The summit focuses on challenges and opportunities facing democracies and will provide a platform for leaders to announce both individual and collective commitments, reforms, and initiatives to defend democracy and human rights at home and abroad.

Key Points:
i.Joe Biden highlighted the ‘definite challenges’ and threats faced by democracy worldwide that has been ‘backsliding’.
ii.The second Leaders’ Plenary Session was hosted by the President of the European Commission, Ursula von der Leyen.
iii.PM Modi stated about India’s democratic civilization and suggested ways to improve the democratic rule across nations. He also emphasised the need for democratic countries to deliver the values and ethos of their constitutions.
iv.He also outlined sensitivity, accountability, participation and reform orientation as four pillars of Indian democratic governance.
v.He stressed that principles of democracy should also guide global governance; and that given technology’s ability to impact democracy positively or negatively, technology companies should contribute to preserving open and democratic societies.

UAE Became the 1st Country to Transition to 4 and Half-day Work Week

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has announced to change its 5-day work-week to a 4 and a half day starting from 1st January 2022 and became the first country to make the employee-friendly transition as part of its efforts to improve productivity and work-life balance.
New Schedule: Monday to Thursday the work timings would be from 7.30 am to 3.30 pm, followed by a half-day on Friday from 7.30 am to 12.00 pm & Saturdays and Sundays are full-day holidays.

BANKING & FINANCE

IPPB and NPCI Bharat BillPay Limited collaborated for Doorstep Bill Payments ServiceOn December 10, 2021, India Post Payments Bank (IPPB) partnered with NPCI Bharat BillPay Limited (NBBL) to facilitate pan India doorstep bill payments service for IPPB and non-IPPB customers.

• NBBL is a wholly-owned subsidiary of National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI).
• The platform enables customers to pay bills for various utilities and other recurring services.

Key Points:
i.The aim of this partnership is to provide access to payment solutions to unbanked and underserved customers in remote locations at their doorstep.
ii.Customers will now be able to conveniently pay their recurring from homes as well as by visiting their nearest post office
iii.With this upgrade, over 20,000+ billers that are on Bharat Bill Payment System (BBPS) will be available to customers of various banks and IPPB.
iv.Some of the new features of the upgraded version of Bharat BillPay are to pay any recurring bills through cash mode; Updated transaction history with maximum details; Raise/track complaints online for bill payment transactions, among others.
About NPCI Bharat BillPay Ltd (NBBL):
Establishment– 2021
Chief Executive Officer (CEO)– Noopur Chaturvedi

Kotak General Insurance partners Vasai Vikas Sahakari Bank to offer Insurance SolutionsKotak Mahindra General Insurance Company Ltd (Kotak General Insurance), the wholly-owned subsidiary of Kotak Mahindra Bank Ltd, and Vasai Vikas Sahakari Bank Ltd has entered into a partnership to provide the bank’s customers access to a range of insurance solutions.

• Under this agreement, Vasai Vikas Sahakari Bank Ltd. will offer Kotak General Insurance’s comprehensive suite of general and health insurance products to its customers across its network of 21 branches.
• The insurance products will mitigate the risks and secure the assets and health of the customers.

Note – India is one of the countries with the lowest General Insurance penetration.
About Kotak Mahindra General Insurance Company Ltd
MD & CEO – Suresh Agarwal
Headquarters – Mumbai, Maharashtra
About Vasai Vikas Sahakari Bank:
Establishment – October 1984 (Commenced Operation)
CEO – Dilip Sant
Headquarter – Palghar, Maharashtra

ECONOMY & BUSINESS

India’s recovery projected to be higher than other BRICS Nations: BRICS Economic Bulletin 2021

On December 10, 2021, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has released the 2nd edition of BRICS Economic Bulletin 2021 which is prepared by the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) Contingent Reserve Arrangement (CRA) Research Group with members from BRICS central banks.

• The CRA Research Group is responsible to enhance research, economic analysis and surveillance capacity of the BRICS.
• This bulletin has addressed the theme of ‘Navigating the Ongoing Pandemic: The BRICS Experience of Resilience and Recovery’.
• It has covered various factors like economic recovery and its divergences, inflation risks, external sector performances, financial sector vulnerabilities and other macroeconomic risks.

Key Highlights:
i.As per the Bulletin India’s recovery is projected to be higher than other BRICS nations.
ii.COVID-19 health crisis has led to a global economic crisis where India, Brazil and Russia are in the top five countries in the world in terms of infections.
iii.In 2020, all BRICS nations except China recorded a contraction in economic growth but started showing signs of recovery since the second half of 2020.
iii.Due to loose monetary policy, the fiscal deficit increased from 4.7% in 2019 to 9.8% in 2020 for emerging market economies.

• It was more than doubled for Brazil and India from 2019 levels.

iv.The RBI has projected real GDP (Gross Domestic Product) growth at 9.5% for fiscal year 2022.
Click here for Official Bulletin

AWARDS & RECOGNITIONS  

Prof Neena Gupta awarded 2021 DST-ICTP-IMU Ramanujan Prize for Young MathematiciansProfessor Neena Gupta, a mathematician at the Indian Statistical Institute (ISI) in Kolkata, West Bengal has been awarded the 2021 DST-ICTP-IMU Ramanujan Prize for Young Mathematicians from developing countries. The award recognized her outstanding work in affine algebraic geometry and commutative algebra.

• With this, she became the third woman to receive the Ramanujan Prize after Sujatha Ramdorai, in 2006 and Brazil’s Carolina Bhering de Araujo in 2020.
• In 2014, she was conferred with the Young Scientists Award of the Indian National Science Academy (INSA) for solving the Zariski cancellation problem, a fundamental problem in Algebraic Geometry.

About Ramanujan Prize:
Established in 2005, it is administered jointly by the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Trieste, Department of Science & Technology (DST), Government of India (GoI), and the International Mathematical Union (IMU). It is given annually to an eminent Mathematician who is less than 45 years of age and has conducted outstanding research in developing countries.

• The DST-ICTP-IMU Ramanujan Prize committee is composed of eminent mathematicians from around the world.  

APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS    

UN appoints Catherine Russell as Executive Director of UNICEFOn December 10, the United Nation (UN) Secretary-General Antonio Guterres appointed Catherine Russell as the Executive Director of United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF). Russell will succeed Henrietta Fore, who resigned in July 2021.
Key Points:
i.Russell, a lawyer, has worked in Democratic politics since the mid-1980s.
ii.Catherine Russell is an assistant to US President Joe Biden and she also heads the White House Office of Presidential Personnel.
iii.She served as the State Department’s Ambassador-at-large for global women’s issues from 2013 to 2017.
Note– The United States is the largest funder of UNICEF.
About United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) Establishment – 11 December 1946
Headquarters – New York, United States
India Representative at UNICEF– Dr Yasmin Ali Haque

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

DRDO successfully tests extended range Pinaka at Pokhran Range, RajasthanThe Defence Research and Development Organisation’s (DRDO) has successfully tested the extended Range Pinaka (Pinaka-ER) Multi Barrel Rocket Launcher System at Pokhran Range, Rajasthan.

• The system has been designed by the DRDO Armament Research and Development Establishment (ARDE) laboratory, Pune (Maharashtra), and High Energy Materials Research Laboratory (HEMRL), Pune.
• The new Pinaka ER gives it a range of around 70 km, over the 45 km existing range of the missile which has been with the Indian forces for nearly a decade.

Key Points:
i.It is an upgraded version of the earlier Pinaka rockets that have been in service with the Indian Army.
ii.The system has been designed to cater the emerging requirements with advanced technologies.
iii.In June, DRDO had successfully test-fired enhanced range versions of indigenously developed Pinaka rockets and 122mm Caliber rockets from a Multi-Barrel Rocket Launcher (MBRL) at the Integrated Test Range (ITR) in Chandipur off the coast of Odisha.

• The enhanced range version of the Pinaka Rocket System can destroy targets at distances up to 45km.

iv.The Area Denial Munition (ADM) variants of munition designed by the ARDE, Pune for Pinaka and manufactured by the industry partners under technology transfer were successfully carried out at Pokhran Field Firing Ranges. These trials are part of performance evaluation under technology absorption.
v.The ARDE, Pune has developed different fuzes for Pinaka rocket for different types of applications. After design validation trials, dynamic performance evaluation of these fuzes have been evaluated with flight testing.These has been developed through dedicated indigenous R&D efforts for the first time in the country.

SPORTS

World Chess Championship 2021-Magnus Carlsen wins his 5th Title Defeating Ian NepomniachtchiOn 10th December 2021, Norway’s Magnus Carlsen, the defending Champion won his 5th World Chess Championship after defeating Russia’s Ian Nepomniachtchi in 2021’s World Chess Championship that was organised by FIDE (the International Chess Federation) at Dubai, UAE.i.Magnus Carlsen won the finals, with 7.5-3.5, against his Russian opponent Ian Nepomniachtchi.
ii.Game 6 of the finals saw the longest game in the history of the championship, which lasted a record 136 moves, and for 15 minutes short of 8 hours.
iii.Magnus Carlsen has previously won the Championship in 2013, 2014, 2016 & 2018.
About World Chess Championship:
Magnus Carlsen has been holding the Championship since 2013, when he defeated India’s Viswanathan Anand in the 2013 Championship finals.

• Magnus Carlsen is also the FIDE World No.1 Chess player since 2011.

Organiser – FIDE (the International Chess Federation)
Frequency – Conducted once in 2-years
i.Previously, the 2020 edition was shifted to 2021, and the next edition will be held in 2023.
Key Points on Chess:
Chess is played on an 8*8 (64 tile) board
6 Chess Pieces – King, Queen, Bishop, Knight, Rook, Pawn
Key Terms:

• Castling – King & Rook swapping positions
• Stalemate – When no possible legal move is available, the game ends in draw/stalemate
• Checkmate – Attack on the opponent King, where he can’t escape

BOOKS & AUTHORS

Mridula Ramesh’s New Book Titled “Watershed: How We Destroyed India’s Water And How We Can Save It”
Mridula Ramesh, the founder of Sundaram Climate Institute, which works on water and waste solutions and the angel investor in cleantech start-ups, has authored a new book titled “Watershed: How We Destroyed India’s Water And How We Can Save It”. 
The book is published by Hachette India.

• Mridula Ramesh is the author of “The Climate Solution” and she writes regularly on climate issues.
• She is also a member of the board of trustees of World Wildlife Fund(WWF), India, and chairperson of the board of governors at the National Institute of Technology, Andhra Pradesh(AP).

IMPORTANT DAYS

International Mountain Day 2021 – December 11 The United Nations (UN)’s International Mountain Day is annually observed across the globe on 11th December to create awareness about the importance of preserving the mountains across the globe.The theme of International Mountain Day 2021 is “Sustainable mountain tourism”. 
Background:
i.The idea of the International Mountain Days originates in 1992 when the adoption of Chapter 13 of Agenda 21 “Making Fragile Ecosystems: Sustainable Mountain Development” at the UN Conference on Environment and Development in the history of mountain development.
ii.The United Nations General Assembly(UNGA) has declared the year 2002 as the “International Year of Mountains”.
iii.The UNGA also adopted the resolution A/RES/57/245 titled ‘International Year of Mountains 2002’ and proclaimed the 11th December of every year as the International Mountains Day.
iv.The first ever International Mountains Day was observed on 11th December 2003.
>> Read Full News

UNICEF Day 2021 – December 11 The UNICEF (United Nations Children’s Fund) Day is annually observed across the globe on 11th December to create awareness on saving children’s lives, defending their rights and helping them to fulfil their potential from childhood to adolescence.
The UNICEF Day 2021 marks the 75th anniversary of the foundation of UNICEF.
Why 11th December?
UNICEF is created by resolution 57(I) of the United Nations General Assembly on 11 December 1946 to provide supplies and assistance to children after World War II.
About UNICEF:
i.UNICEF was originally known as the “United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund(UNICEF)” started as a temporary relief fund of the United Nations and it is entitled to use the UN logo.
ii.In 1953, UNICEF became a permanent member of the UN system and was renamed to United Nations Children’s Fund” but the original acronym UNICEF was retained.
UNICEF’s first logo features a child drinking a cup of milk.
Tag line:
i.In 2008, the Unite for children was adopted as the tagline of UNICEF, in addition, to Unite against AIDS and Unite for Peace.
ii.In 2016, ‘for every child’ is adopted as the organization’s brand strategy and becomes part of the logo.
Functions of UNICEF:
The main functions of UNICEF include,

• To ensure that all young people can live a dignified life and can avoid any form of exploitation
• To create an environment for discussion among society, cultures and peoples based on shared value in general.

About  United Nations Children’s Fund(UNICEF):
Executive Director– Catherine Russell
Headquarters– New York, United States of America

STATE NEWS

Karnataka & UNDP Signed LoU as a Part of ‘Code-Unnati’ to Improve Entrepreneurship & Youth EmploymentDepartment of Youth Empowerment & Sports, Government of Karnataka has signed a Letter of Understanding (LoU) with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) as a part of the State-level initiative ‘Code-Unnati’ to improve the access to entrepreneurship and employment opportunities among the youths, including women.

• The LoU was signed in the presence of CN Ashwath Narayan, Minister of Higher Education and Skill Development, Government of Karnataka.

Key Points:
i.The initiative involves United Nations Volunteers (UNV) and is supported by SAP India Lab’s CSR Strategies will be implemented in 4 districts of Bengaluru Rural, Ramanagara, Dakshina Kannada and Raichuru.
ii.The LoU will provide a platform for cooperation between UNDP and the Department of Youth Empowerment & Sports to ensure joint implementation of the activities in close coordination with the state/district/college level National Service Scheme(NSS) Unit.
iii.Under this LoU, 50 colleges including Government Pre University, Industrial Training Institute(ITI)s, Polytechnics and Arts & Science Colleges have been identified to work with the faculties and students community.
iv.Under this LoU, both will work in areas of Training & Capacity Building, Training on 21st Century and Digital skills, Entrepreneurship Development, Innovation Challenges/Boot Campus, Corporate Volunteering and Industry Connect.
About United Nations Development Programme(UNDP):
Administrator– Achim Steiner
Headquarters– New York, United States
Establishment– 1965

*******

Click Here View – AC Excluded News 2021

Current Affairs Today (AffairsCloud Today)