Current Affairs 11 & 12 September 2022

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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

President of India Launches Pradhan Mantri TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan

On 9th September 2022 the President of India, Droupadi Murmu virtually launched the Pradhan Mantri TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan to reinvigorate the mission of Tuberculosis (TB) elimination from the country by 2025.

• During the event, the President also launched the Ni-kshay 2.0 initiative, a  portal to provide a platform for donors to provide various forms of support to those undergoing TB treatment.

Objective:
The objectives of  Pradhan Mantri TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan is to Provide additional patient support to improve treatment outcomes of TB patients; to bring together all community stakeholders to end TB by 2025 and to leverage Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities.
About the Ni-kshay 2.0 initiative:
i. The Ni-kshay digital portal will provide a platform for community support for persons with TB.

• Around 5 lakh TB patients are registered in the Nikshay portal, out of which 8.9 lakh active TB patients have given their consent for adoption.

ii. In Order to become a Nikshay Mitra, the mentor will have to register on www.nikshay.in or www.tbcindia.gov.in and can choose nutritional, diagnostic, vocational and additional nutritional supplements support.

• The Nikshay Mitra can choose the duration of support (ranging from 1 year to 3 years) and can also choose the state, district, block and health facilities.
• This process of becoming Nikshay Mitra will be facilitated by the district TB officer.

Facts:
i.In India, TB causes the largest number of deaths among all other infectious diseases especially among the poor section of the society.
ii.India has more than 25 percent of the total TB patients of the world, whereas India’s entire population itself is less than 20 percent of the world’s population.
iii.In 2020, the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) was renamed as the National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP) that aims to eradicate TB by 2025 which is 5 years ahead of Sustainable Development Goals 2030.
Attendees:
The virtual event was attended by Union Minister of Health and Family Welfare, Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya, Minister of State for Health and Family Welfare, Dr. Bharati Pravin Pawar, Governors and Lt. Governors of states and UTs, representatives from State and District Health Administration, civil society, Non-Government Organisation (NGOs) and other stakeholders.

Indian Army & Indian Air Force Conduct Joint Exercise “Gagan Strike” In PunjabThe Kharga Corps of the Indian Army and the Indian Air Force (IAF) conducted the joint exercise “Gagan Strike” in Punjab, to demonstrate the strength and prowess of the armed forces.

• The joint exercise was led by Lieutenant General Pratik Sharma, General Officer Commanding (GOC), Kharga Corps, and took place over 4 days in various places of Punjab bordering Ambala in Haryana.
• Gen. Nav Kumar Khanduri, the GOC in Chief of Western Command, also participated in the exercise.

Key Points:
i.Attack helicopters were deployed as the aerial support for ground forces engaged in drills, simulating the destruction of enemy defences and deep penetration.
ii.The drill also illustrated the precision firepower of the attack helicopters working in tandem with the mechanised columns of the ground forces.
iii.It established the Apache 64E and Advanced Light Helicopter (ALH) Weapon System Integrated (WSI) as capable weapons delivery platforms.

Empowered Committee of NITI Aayog Approves First-Ever Disbursement Under the PLI Scheme for Large-Scale Electronics ManufacturingAn Empowered Committee chaired by Parameswaran Iyer, CEO of NITI Aayog (National Institution for Transforming India), has approved 32 beneficiaries under the Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme for ‘Large-Scale Electronics Manufacturing.’

• It is the first disbursement under any PLI scheme, and 10 of the 32 beneficiaries (5 global and 5 domestic) were approved for mobile manufacturing.
• The PLI scheme for Large-Scale Electronic Manufacturing, with a total outlay of Rs. 38,645 crores, was approved on April 1, 2020.

i.Padget Electronics Private Limited in Noida, Uttar Pradesh, is the first beneficiary approved by the Empowered Committee.

• It is designated to receive a Rs. 53.28 crore incentive under mobile manufacturing based on its incremental investment and sales figures for FY 2021-22.

About the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY):
Union Minister – Ashwini Vaishnaw (Rajya Sabha – Odisha)
Minister of State (MoS) – Rajeev Chandrasekhar (Rajya Sabha – Karnataka)
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NITI Aayog Report: India’s Truck Market Likely to Grow Over 4-times by 2050

According to a National Institute for Transforming India (NITI) Aayog report titled ‘Transforming Trucking in India: Pathways to Zero-Emission Truck Deployment’, India’s trucking market is expected to grow over 4 times by 2050.

Key highlights:
i.Since road freight travel continues to grow, the number of trucks is also expected to rise from 4 million in 2022 to around 17 million trucks by 2050 which is more than quadruple.
ii.Due to the increase in population, the rise of e-commerce and rising income levels, the transport demand continues to grow and the road freight movement is expected to increase to 9.6 trillion tonnes Kilometre by 2050.

• The heavy duty trucks (HDTs) and medium duty trucks (MDTs) are responsible for most of the road transportation that reaches around 70 percent of domestic freight demand.

iii.According to the report, currently, India transports 4.6 billion tons of freight annually, generating a transport demand of 2.2 trillion ton kilometres at the cost of Rs 9.5 lakh crore.
Solution:
i.As per the report, In India, transportation costs is around 62 percent of overall logistics, accounting for 14 percent of India’s GDP.
ii.Zero-emissions trucks (ZETs), including battery electric trucks (BETs) and fuel cell electric trucks (FCETs) which have low operating costs and also in line with India’s COP-26 targets in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, would be the solution for such growing transportation demands.
Suggestions to improve ZTE:
i. The report highlighted the government intervention on policy matters to reduce charging costs, including upfront subsidies, electricity tariffs that remove demand charges and implement Electric Vehicle (EV)-friendly rate structures, and concessional land for building out ZET charging infrastructure.
ii. Additionally, the report also suggested improving the infrastructure installation process to minimise the permission and interconnection processing times for charging infrastructure development for reduction in charging deployment soft costs.

Indian Army’s Western Command & NTPC Signed PPA for Solar Power         
The Indian Army’s Western Command(WC) has signed a long-term Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) with NTPC Limited(formerly known as National Thermal Power Corporation Limited) to draw 25MW (Megawatt) solar power directly from the National Solar Grid of India for the next 27 years. 

• The solar energy for the Western command will be sourced from Sholapur, Maharashtra.
• The PPA was signed at the Command Headquarters in Chandimandir, Haryana between NTPC officials and officers of Western Command.

Key Points:
i.The deal with NTPC will support the WC to decarbonise around 38% of its energy portfolio and accumulate substantial savings for the government.
ii.This is also in line with the National Solar Mission of the Indian Government, as it weans off the outdated coal-based thermal energy that has been provisioned so far. The tariff rate of thermal energy is higher compared to solar energy.

Kibithu military station & Road in Arunachal Pradesh named after India’s first CDS Gen Bipin Rawat
The military camp in Kibithu, Arunachal Pradesh and the 22 Km-road stretch from Walong to Kibithu have been named in honour of General Bipin Rawat, India’s first Chief of Defence Staff (CDS), who was killed in a chopper crash in December 2021.

• The military camp in Kibithu has been renamed as ‘Gen Bipin Rawat military garrison’ and the road was named as “Gen. Bipin Rawat Marg”.  The road was dedicated by Pema Kandu, Chief Minister(CM) of Arunachal Pradesh.
• Brig D. B. Mishra (Retd), Governor of Arunachal Pradesh inaugurated a gate built in local traditional architectural style and unveiled a life-size mural of Gen Bipin Rawat.

50th All Manipur Shumang Leela Festival 2021-2022 Began in Imphal
The 50th All Manipur Shumang Leela Festival 2021-2022 began at Iboyaima Shumang Leela Shanglen in Palace Compound in Imphal, Manipur’s capital. During the inaugural ceremony, La Ganesan, Governor of Manipur, presented medals to the winners of the 49th All Manipur Shumang Leela Festival 2020-21 at the festival.

• Shumang Leela is a traditional form of theatre in Manipur, which is performed by either all-female or all-male performers. [Shumang means courtyard and Leela means play].
• In the case of the former, female artists play the male characters, and in the case of the latter, male artists play the female roles.

Delhi Police become the first police force in India to make forensic probe mandatory
Delhi Police has become the first police force in India to make collection of forensic evidence mandatory in crimes punishable by more than six years.
i.AIM: To boost the conviction rate and integrate the criminal justice system with forensic science investigation.
ii.The order was created to provide guidelines for the use of forensic tools by all Investigating Officers of the Delhi Police in offences carrying a sentence of more than six years.
iii.According to the order, each district of the Delhi Police will also have access to one forensic mobile van, which will be used to provide investigation officers with on-the-spot scientific and forensic support as needed.

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Report by WHO & UNICEF: Globally Half of health care facilities lack basic hygiene servicesAccording to the Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) report by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) titled “Progress on WASH in health care facilities 2000–2021: special focus on WASH and infection prevention and control (IPC)”, in 2021, around half of health care facilities across the world lack basic hygiene services with water and soap or alcohol-based hand rub, where patients receive care and at toilets in these facilities.

• The report states that around 3.85 billion people across the globe depend on these facilities.
• This also includes the 688 million people who receive care at facilities with no hygiene services at all.

Note:

• The report was launched at the World Water Week, the annual conference held from 23rd August to 1st September 2022 in Stockholm, Sweden.
• WASH – Water, Sanitation and Hygiene

Other Key Findings:

i.Globally, 4 in 5 health care facilities, around 78%,  had basic water services which mean the water was available from an improved source on the facility in 2021.
ii.Around 1.7 billion people do not have access to basic water services in their healthcare facility, including 857 million people across the globe who have no water service at their healthcare facility.

Key Points:
i.For the first time, this report has established the global baseline on Hygiene services.
ii.According to WHO and UNICEF, for hygiene, data are now available for 40 counties, which represents 35% of the world’s population, up from 21 in 2020 and 14 in 2019.

Gist of the report:
i.The report revealed the state of hygiene in health care facilities,

• 68% of health care facilities had hygiene facilities at points of care, and 65% had handwashing facilities with water and soap in the toilets.
• 51% had both and met the criteria for basic hygiene services.
• 1 in 11 (9%) of health care facilities globally have neither.

ii.The report also highlights that contaminated hands and environments plays a major role in pathogen transmission in health care facilities and the spread of antimicrobial resistance.

BANKING & FINANCE

Max Life Launches 3-in-1 market-linked solution – ‘Smart Flexi Protect Solution’Max Life Insurance Company Limited has launched ‘Smart Flexi Protect Solution’, a three-in-one (3-in-1) plan that provides health and enhanced life cover, along with market-linked investment returns.

• This is designed for earning individuals, especially for self-employed profiles.

About Smart Flexi Protect Solution:
i.Smart Flexi Protect Solution is a combination of Max Life Flexi Wealth Plus and Max Life Critical Illness and Disability Secure Rider that offers wealth creation along with comprehensive protection against death, disability and critical illness.
ii.Max Life Flexi Wealth Plus – Flexi Wealth Plus will help create financial protection with enhanced life cover plus savings with market-linked returns.

• This plan 5 different investment strategies and 11 funds along with return of mortality charges at maturity.

iii.Max Life Critical Illness and Disability Secure Rider – The Critical Illness and Disability Secure Rider acts as a financial net that offers coverage against 64 critical illnesses and total permanent disability.
Other Features:
i.This solution has enhanced death benefit by offering financial protection for the nominees in the event of the unfortunate demise of the insured.
ii.This also helps policyholders in meeting investment objectives through market-linked returns.
iii.Tax benefits are available as per the prevailing tax laws.
About Max Life Insurance Company Limited:
Max Life Insurance Company Limited is a Joint Venture between Max Financial Services Limited and Axis Bank Limited.
Managing Director (MD) & CEO – Prashant Tripathy
Founded in 2000, Started operations in 2001
Headquarters – New Delhi, Delhi

HSBC Commits Rs. 125 Crore to Green Causes & Energy Transition Projects in India Over the Next 5 YearsHongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited (HSBC), one of the world’s major banking and financial services organisations headquartered in London, United Kingdom (UK), has committed Rs. 125 crore over the next five years to promote green initiatives in India as part of its efforts to mitigate the impacts of climate change.

• The initiatives include wetland protection and energy transition projects.

Significance
As part of the commitment, HSBC has divided the project into two major categories, including energy transition and nature-based solutions.
i.The nature-based solutions will include initiatives to safeguard and revitalize wetlands, mangroves, and forests; restore the landscape; and support sustainable agriculture.
ii.The energy transition will comprise renewables and energy efficiency programmes, to assist the shift towards renewables.

• It will optimize efficiency projects in sectors such as healthcare, dairy cold chain, and for productive energy use by communities.

Other HSBC Commitments 
HSBC will collaborate with the government and expert institutions to improve its learning and develop creative solutions and possibilities.
i.It has collaborated with the non-profit organizations such as WWF India and the India Resources Trust (WRI India) to implement projects in eight states.
ii.In Jharkhand, Maharashtra, West Bengal, and Assam, it has partnered with civil society organizations (CSO) to provide integrated clean energy solutions of 300 Kilowatt (kW) at healthcare institutions.

• Additionally, it seeks to produce 500 kW of RE capacity in the Sundarbans in West Bengal and 1,000 kW of new RE-based cold chain infrastructure in Rajasthan and Gujarat.

iii.In order to facilitate exchanging ideas and sharing best practices, HSBC has also launched a dialogue platform called “CEOs on Sustainability.”

• It aims to bring together policymakers, think tanks, financial institutions, and industry leaders from the public and private sectors.

Note: Chief Executive Officer of HSBC India – Hitendra Dave

SPORTS

Diamond League Final: Neeraj Chopra Becomes First Indian to Win Diamond TrophyNeeraj Chopra became the 1^st Indian to win the Diamond League Finals Title, after winning the Men’s Javelin event at the Zurich Diamond League Final 2022, Switzerland, with a best throw of 88.44m.

Key highlights:
i.Czech Republic’s Jakub Vadlejch won the second position with 86.94 m throw and Germany’s Julian Webber is in the third position with 83.73m throw.
ii.Diamond League Award – He was awarded Diamond Trophy, USD 30,000 prize money and a wild card for the 2023 World Athletics Championship in Budapest, Hungary.

About Neeraj Chopra:
i.His achievements – He has produced 88m – plus throws 6 times in the current season and holds a national record 89.94m.

• Neeraj Chopra has won the Olympic Gold in 2021, the Asian Games Gold in 2018, the Commonwealth Games Gold in 2018, the World Athletics Championships silver in 2022.

ii.This was his 3^rd appearance in the Diamond League Earlier he had competed at 7^th position in 2017 and 4th in 2018.

Australia captain Aaron James Finch Announces Retirement from ODI Cricket
Australia’s One Day International (ODI) and Twenty 20 International(T20I) Captain Aaron James Finch (35-year-old – Right Hand Batsman), who hails from Victoria, Australia, announced his retirement from ODI cricket to concentrate on Shorter formats of cricket. The retirement comes straight after white-washing New Zealand Cricket team in the ODI (3-0).
He has a record of 17 centuries in ODI cricket for Australia men, which puts him in 4th place just behind Ricky Ponting (29), David Warner (18) and Mark Waugh (18) with a total of 5406 runs.

• He made his debut against Sri Lanka at the Melbourne Cricket Ground (MCG) in 2013 and represented Australia in the 146 ODIs.
• He will lead the team in the T20 World Cup which will be held in 2022 in Australia.

OBITUARY

Former CJI Kamal Narain Singh Passes AwayOn 8^th September 2022 former Chief Justice of India (CJI) Kamal Narain Singh passed away at the age of 95 in Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh (UP).

• He is the 22nd CJI, with a term from 25^th November 1991 to 12^th December 1991, making him the chief justice with the shortest tenure.

Note – Justice Yeshwant Vishnu Chandrachud, the 16th CJI had the longest tenure as CJI till today.

About KN Singh:

i.He was born on 13^th December 1926 and started his career as a judge with appointment as an Additional Judge of the Allahabad High Court in 1970. He then became a Permanent Judge in August 1972.
ii.In 1986 he was promoted as a Supreme Court judge and then in 1991 he became the CJI. He also served as Chairman of the 13th Law Commission of India from 1991-1994
iii.He was part of several important judgments, including the Ganga Pollution case, the case challenging the validity of a death sentence and such others.
Note – Justice U U Lalit is the current and 49^th CJI who took over charge from NV Ramana in 2022.

Renowned  Archeologist, Padma Awardee BB Lal Passed AwayPadma awardee Prof. Braj Basi Lal (B. B. Lal), Former Director General (DG) of the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI)(1968 to 1972) , has passed away in Delhi. He was born in 1921 in Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh.

• The government of India honoured him with Padma Bhushan in 2000 and Padma Vibhushan in 2021 for his contribution to archaeology.

About Prof. Braj Basi Lal:
i.BB Lal has worked on archaeological sites associated with the Harappan civilisation and the Mahabharata.
ii.He has also served on various United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO) committees.
iii.He is well known for his theory of temple-like structure underneath the (now demolished) Babri Mosque in Uttar Pradesh.
iv.During his 50+ years career he has excavated several sites including Hastinapura (Uttar Pradesh), Sisupalgarh (Odisha), Purana Qila (Delhi) and Kalibangan (Rajasthan).
v.He has more than 50 books and 150 research papers published in national and international journals.
vi.His noted works includes “The Saraswati Flows On: The Continuity of Indian Culture” (2002) and ‘Rama, His Historicity, Mandir and Setu: Evidence of Literature, Archaeology and Other Sciences’ (2008).

IMPORTANT DAYS

World Suicide Prevention Day 2022 – September 10 World Suicide Prevention Day(WSPD) is annually observed across the globe on 10th September to focus attention on the issue of suicide and reduce the stigma around it.
The day also aims to raise awareness among the general public, organisations and government and promote the message that suicide can be prevented.
The theme of WSPD 2022 is “Creating hope through action”.

• “Creating hope through action” is the triennial theme for World Suicide Prevention Day from 2021 – 2023. 
• This acts as a reminder that there is an alternative to suicide and aims to inspire confidence and hope in all.

Background:
i.International Association for Suicide Prevention(IASP) in conjunction with the World Health Organization (WHO) established World Suicide Prevention Day (WSPD) in 2003.
ii.The first ever  World Suicide Prevention Day was launched in Stockholm, Sweden on 10 September 2003.
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• List of Current Governors in India – AUGUST 2022
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