Current Affairs 6 June 2025

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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Overview of Paraguayan President Santiago Peña Palacios’s Visit to India from June 02 to 04, 2025Santiago Peña Palacios, President of Paraguay, was on a 3-day state visit to India from June 02 to 04 2025, at the invitation of the Prime Minister (PM) of India, Narendra Modi to boost bilateral ties across political, economic, and cultural spheres.

• His visit also held great significance as both India and Paraguay commemorated 64th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries.

Highlights of the visit:
i.On June 02 2025, Paraguayan President Santiago Peña Palacios was accorded a ceremonial welcome along with a Guard of Honour, on his arrival at Palam Air Force Station in Delhi Cantonment, New Delhi (Delhi).
ii.President of India, Droupadi Murmu hosted a formal banquet in the honour of President Pena at Rashtrapati Bhawan in New Delhi.
iii.PM Narendra Modi held bilateral meeting Paraguayan President Pena at Hyderabad House in New Delhi. Leaders of both countries discussed the evolution of diplomatic relations between India and Paraguay.
iv.Union Minister Dr. Subrahmanyam Jaishankar, Ministry of External Affairs (MEA), Government of India (GoI) and Ruben Ramirez Lezcano, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Paraguay, signed a MoU to establish Joint Commission Mechanism (JCM) in New Delhi, Delhi.
>>Read Full News

Overview of ADB’s President Masato Kanda Visit to India From 28 to 31 May 2025Masato Kanda, President of Manila (the Philippines) based Asian Development Bank (ADB) was on his 1st official visit to India from May 28 to May 31, 2025.

• During his visit to India, he held a bilateral meeting with Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi in New Delhi, Delhi.
• During the meeting, Masato Kanda reaffirmed ADB’s support for India’s ambition of becoming a developed nation by 2047.

i.ADB President Masato Kanda announced USD 10 billion, aimed at transforming urban infrastructure including metro extension, new regional rapid transit system (RRTS) across India in the next 5 years.

• This new urban transformation plan includes sovereign loans, private sector financing and 3rd party capital.

ii.ADB President visited India’s 1st Namo Bharat Corridor during his 1st official visit to the country.

• He travelled on a Namo Bharat train from Sahibabad to Duhai Depot station in Ghaziabad district of Uttar Pradesh (UP), experiencing first-hand the speed, comfort, and commuter-centric features of the next-generation regional rail system.

iii.The state government of Tripura will get USD 85.4 million loan from ADB to support a major green upgrade in the state. The key focus areas of the project are: Electric Vehicles (EVs), solar energy, and modern urban systems.
iv.The ADB withdrew USD 434.25 million loan to a proposed 1000 MegaWatt (MW) Solar Park in Karbi Anglong Autonomous Council in Assam, following a request from the Ministry of Finance (MoF) of Government of India (GoI).

• The main reason for the withdrawal of the project was the opposition of local Karbi, Naga, Kachari and Adivasi communities against the land diversion to the project, citing displacement of 24 villages in the project area.

About Asian Development Bank(ADB):
President– Masato Kanda (Japan)
Headquarters– Mandaluyong City, Manila, the Philippines
Members Nations- 69 (50 members nations are from Asia-Pacific region)
Established– 1966
>>Read Full News

Khichan & Menar Wetlands in Rajasthan Declared Ramsar Sites; India Leads Asia with 91 WetlandsOn 4 June 2025, Union Minister Bhupender Yadav, Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change (MoEFCC), announced the designation of Khichan (Phalodi) and Menar (Udaipur) wetlands in Rajasthan as Ramsar Sites.

• Rajasthan now has 4 Ramsar Sites, including Sambhar Salt Lake and Keoladeo Ghana National Park (Bharatpur).
• With this, India’s total Ramsar Sites rise to 91, the highest in Asia and third globally after the United Kingdom (UK) (175) and Mexico (142).

Note: Wetlands are areas of land that remain saturated with water either permanently or for part of the year.
Key Details of New Ramsar Sites:
1.About Menar Wetland Complex
i.The Menar Wetland Complex, popularly known as the “Bird Village“, is located across Menar and Kheroda villages in Vallabhnagar Taluka, Udaipur District, Rajasthan. It spans an area of 463.414 hectares.
ii.It is a freshwater monsoon wetland system consisting of three ponds (Braham Talab, Dhand Talab, and Kheroda Talab) connected by agricultural lands.
iii.Hosts 110 waterbird species (67 migratory species), including critically endangered white-rumped vulture and long-billed vulture.
2.About Khichan Wetland
i.The Khichan Wetland, located in the northern Thar Desert, spans across Phalodi and Jodhpur Districts, Rajasthan, covering 54.187 hectares.
ii.It comprises two water bodies, Ratri Nadi (river) and Vijaysagar Talab (pond) along with riparian zones and scrublands.
iii.Hosts over 22,000 migratory demoiselle cranes annually and provides habitat for over 150 bird species.
About Ramsar Convention on Wetlands:
i.The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands, an intergovernmental treaty adopted in 1971 in Ramsar(Iran), provides a framework for national action and international cooperation for the conservation of wetlands and their resources.
ii.India joined the Ramsar Convention on 1st February 1982.
iii.As of June 2025, India has a total of 91 wetlands designated as Ramsar Sites, covering over 1.3 million hectares across diverse ecosystems, including high-altitude lakes, coastal lagoons, and mangrove forests.
iv.The first Ramsar Sites in India were Keoladeo National Park (Rajasthan) and Chilika Lake (Odisha), designated in 1981.
v.Tamil Nadu (TN) holds the highest number of Ramsar Sites in India with a total of 20 sites, followed by Uttar Pradesh (UP) with 10 sites, and Rajasthan with 4 sites.
vi.The largest Ramsar Site in India is Sundarbans Wetland (West Bengal, WB) covering 423,000 hectares (designated in 2019).

• The smallest Ramsar Site is Renuka Wetland (Himachal Pradesh, HP) covering 20 hectares (designated in 2005).

Yashasvi Solanki appointed as ADC to President of IndiaLieutenant Commander(LtCdr) Yashasvi Solanki, has been appointed as an Aide-de-Camp (ADC) to the President of India (POI) in May 2025. She is the first woman officer from the Indian Navy has been posted as ADC to the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces.The Ministry of Defence (MoD) approved the appointment, effective immediately.

• An ADC serves as a personal assistant and facilitates coordination and communication between the President and various arms of the establishment, ensuring seamless staff work and official protocol.

i.The President typically has five ADCs, three from the Army, one each from the Navy and Air force.
ii.In addition, the President may choose officers from any of the armed forces at their discretion to serve in the role of ADC.
iii.The appointment of Yashasvi Solanki reflects her exemplary service and dedication. The selection underscores her professional excellence and increasing recognition of women’s contributions in the Indian Navy.

Department of Biotechnology Observes Swatchhata Pakhwada 2025
The Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Ministry of Science and Technology (MoS&T) observed Swachhata Pakhwada 2025 from May 1-15, 2025, at its headquarters in New Delhi(Delhi) and across all its Autonomous Institutions (AIs) and Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs).

• The observance was conducted as part of the Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM), the flagship cleanliness initiative of the Government of India (GoI).
• The Pakhwada was organized in accordance with the calendar of Swatchhata Pakhwada 2025, issued by the Cabinet Secretariat, GOI.

Note: Swachhata Pakhwada is a GoI initiative launched in April 2016, under which different ministries/departments observe a two-week period dedicated to intensive cleanliness activities.
i.The event commenced with a pledge, reaffirming the commitment to the value of cleanliness, discipline and civic responsibility.
ii.Various best practices including installation of electronic-waste (e-waste) bin, sanitary napkin disposal machine, high-capacity waste shredder machine etc.
iii.Health check-up, Basic Life Support (BLS), Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) training session, talks on Awareness on Single-Use Plastic and Stress Management, Cleanliness drive at old age home, New Delhi (Delhi) based National Association of Blind Centre, tree plantation, community run for health and healthy lifestyle, nature walk, and other initiatives were undertaken.

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Candere Hurun India Women Leaders List 2025: Recognizing 97 Influential Women Shaping India’s EconomyOn June 4, 2025, Mumbai (Maharashtra)-based Candere, a luxury online jewellery brand in collaboration with Mumbai based Hurun India, released the inaugural ‘Candere Hurun India Women Leaders List 2025’, honoring 97 remarkable Indian women making significant impacts across sectors such as finance, technology, philanthropy, arts, and start-ups.

• Shanti Ekambaram (62), Mumbai (Maharashtra) based Kotak Mahindra Bank Limited’s (KMBL) Deputy Managing Director, tops Professionals category, while Radha Vembu (52), Co-founder of Chengalpattu (Tamil Nadu, TN) based Zoho Corporation, leads First-Generation Wealth Creators.

i.The 97 women leaders collectively oversee enterprises valued at more than Rs 11.7 lakh crore (approximately USD 140 billion).
ii.Isha Ambani (33), Executive Director (ED) of Mumbai based Reliance Retail Limited (RRL), secured the sixth position in the Young Women Leaders category.
iii.The youngest honouree on the list is 26-year-old Mrunal Panchal, an Influencer Founder, while artist Arpita Singh (87) is the eldest.
About Hurun India:
Managing Director(MD) and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) – Anas Rahman Junaid
Headquarters – Mumbai, Maharashtra
Established – 2012.
>>Read Full News

India wins Presidency of  IIAS for 2025-28On June 3, 2025, India won the presidency of Brussels(Belgium) based International Institute of Administrative Sciences (IIAS) for the term 2025–2028 during the Extraordinary General Assembly Meeting in Brussels.

• India received 87 out of 141 votes (61.7%), defeating Austria, which secured 54 votes.
• This marks the first time in the institute’s nearly 100-year history that India will hold this prestigious position.

Key Highlights:
i.India has been represented at the International Institute of Administrative Sciences (IIAS) through the Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances (DARPG), under the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions (MoPP&P), since 1998.
ii.V. Srinivas, Secretary of the Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances (DARPG), has been elected as the President of the Council of Administration of the IIAS.

• He will succeed Ra’ed Ben Shams of Bahrain as President of the Council of Governance.

iii.The President of the IIAS Council of Administration is elected by the General Assembly of the IIAS.

• India hosted the IIAS General Assembly meeting in New Delhi(Delhi) in February 2025.
• Four Nations namely India, South Africa, Austria and Bahrain submitted their nominations for the IIAS presidency.India nominated V.Srinivas for the Presidency post.

iv.India’s leadership role in the IIAS is viewed as a recognition of its sustained commitment to administrative reforms and good governance.
About the International Institute of Administrative Sciences (IIAS):
i.It is an international Non-Profit Organization(NPO) functioning as a federation of member states, national sections, and academic research institutions, collaboratively developing public governance solutions to address contemporary policy challenges.
ii.It is a Federation of 31 Member Countries, 20 National Sections and 15 Academic Research Centres
iii.The IIAS maintains a close working relationship with the United Nations (UN), and participates in the UN’s Committee of Experts on Public Administration (CEPA) and the UN Public Administration Network (UNPAN).
Headquarters – Brussels, Belgium
Established -1930

UNGA Elected Five Countries as Non-Permanent Members to UNSC for 2026–2027 TermIn June 2025, the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) elected five countries: Bahrain, Colombia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Latvia, and Liberia, as non-permanent members to the 15-member United Nations Security Council (UNSC), New York, the United States of America (USA), for a two-year term starting from 1st January 2026 to 31st December 2027.

• These countries will replace Algeria, Guyana, Sierra Leone, South Korea, and Slovenia, whose terms end on December 31, 2025.
• The elections highlight the UN’s dedication to balanced geographic representation, with seats distributed among regional groups: two for Africa, one for Asia-Pacific, one for Latin America and the Caribbean, and one for Eastern Europe.

Note: India has held a non-permanent seat on the UNSC eight times, most recently during the 2021–2022 term. It has also put forward its candidature for the 2028–2029 term.
Key Highlights of the Election:
i.A total of 188 United Nations (UN) Member States participated in a single-round secret ballot election held at the UN headquarters in New York City, the USA.
ii.The following votes were secured by each elected country, Bahrain (186 votes), Democratic Republic of the Congo (183 votes), Liberia (181 votes), Colombia (180 votes) and Latvia (178 votes).
iii.The five elected countries will join the current non-permanent members selected in 2024: Denmark, Greece, Pakistan, Panama, and Somalia, who will serve on the Council through 2026.
iv.Latvia, serving its first term, highlighted its historical experience and commitment to multilateralism, peace, and security, especially in conflict zones like Ukraine, the Middle East, and Africa.
About the United Nations Security Council (UNSC):
The UNSC, one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN), is responsible for maintaining international peace and security.
The UNSC comprises 15 members:
i.5 permanent members with veto power: China, France, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom (UK), and the USA.
ii.10 non-permanent members: Elected for two-year staggered terms by the UNGA.
iii.Elections are held annually, and candidates must secure at least two-thirds majority (minimum 128 votes) in the 193-member General Assembly, even if uncontested.
Headquarters – New York, the United States of America (USA)
Presidency – Guyana (June 2025)
Formed – 1945

BANKING & FINANCE

Motilal Oswal MF launches India’s first BSE 1000 Index FundOn June 5, 2025, Mumbai (Maharashtra) based Motilal Oswal Mutual Fund (MF) has launched its Motilal Oswal Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) 1000 Index Fund, India’s first index fund tracking the BSE 1000 Total Return Index.

• The New Fund Offer (NFO) for the Motilal Oswal BSE 1000 Index Fund will open on June 5 and close on June 19, 2025.

i.The fund provides broad-based exposure to India’s equity markets by tracking the BSE 1000 Total Return Index, which covers around 94% of the India’s listed market capitalisation.
ii.The index offers a mix of established companies as well as fast-growing smaller firms from 22 different sectors.
>>Read Full News

ECONOMY & BUSINESS

Adani Airports Raised USD 750 Million via ECB to Expand Airport Infrastructure
In June 2025, Ahmedabad (Gujarat)-based Adani Airports Holdings Limited (AAHL), raised USD 750 million (approx. Rs. 6,250 crore) through External Commercial Borrowings (ECB) from a consortium of international banks.

• The transaction was led by First Abu Dhabi Bank (FAB), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE); Barclays PLC, London, United Kingdom (UK); and Standard Chartered Bank, London, (UK).
• The loan was secured at an interest rate of approximately 7.5%.

i.The company plans to utilize these funds to refinance existingUSD 400 million debt, upgrade infrastructure, and expand capacity at six airports located in
Funding Details:
i.The company plans to utilize these funds to refinance existing USD 400 million debt.
ii.Infrastructure upgrades and capacity expansion at six airports: Ahmedabad (Gujarat), Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh, UP), Mangaluru (Karnataka), Jaipur (Rajasthan), Guwahati (Assam), and Thiruvananthapuram (Kerala).
iii.Enhancing non-aeronautical business operations such as Retail, Food & Beverage (F&B), Duty-Free shops, and other services.
iv.AAHL aims to triple the passenger handling capacity to 300 million annually by 2040 through phased infrastructure development.
Note: AAHL, established in 2019, is a wholly owned subsidiary of Adani Enterprises Limited, the flagship company of the Adani Group.

BEL Secures Rs 537 Crore Orders for Ship Systems and Upgrades
In June 2025, Bengaluru (Karnataka) based Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL), a Navratna Defence Public Sector Undertaking (PSU), has announced the acquisition of fresh defence contracts worth Rs.537 crore.
Key Highlights:

• The acquisition of these orders aims to strengthen BEL’s defence electronics portfolio and reinforce its position in the defence manufacturing sector.

i.The order encompassing communication equipment, advanced shipborne composite communication systems, jammers, software, simulator upgrades, spares, test rigs, and related services.
ii.These orders have been secured since the company’s last disclosure on 16 May 2025.
iii.As of 1 April 2025, BEL’s order book stood at Rs.71,650 crore, reflecting robust execution visibility and a strong growth trajectory in India’s defence manufacturing sector.
Note: BEL, established in 1954, is a PSU operating under the Ministry of Defence (MoD), Government of India (GoI).

IBA inks MoU with IOCL to Boost Bio-Energy and Hydrogen Sectors
In June 2025, Gurugram(Haryana) based Indian Biogas Association (IBA) and  Mumbai(Maharashtra) based Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to jointly develop India’s bioenergy and bio-hydrogen sectors.

• The collaboration aims to establish a knowledge center dedicated to bioenergy initiatives, serving as a hub for sharing technology, infrastructure, and skilled resources.

Key Highlights:
i.This partnership seeks to bolster the nation’s biofuels industry by leveraging the strengths of both organizations.
ii.The MoU outlines plans for training programs, capacity-building efforts, and policy advocacy to support the growth of the biofuels sector.
iii.Both entities will collaborate on research and development (R&D), with a special emphasis on industry-institute collaboration to promote biogas development across the nation. 
iv.Previously, IndianOil partnered with the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) to develop biomass gasification-based hydrogen generation technology, aiming to produce affordable, fuel cell-grade hydrogen.

AWARDS & RECOGNITIONS

President Draupadi Murmu Conferred 92 Distinguished Service Awards to Indian Armed Force PersonnelsOn June 4, 2025, President of India Draupadi Murmu conferred Distinguished Service decorations on 92 Personnel of the Armed Forces and other personnel drawn from the Indian Coast Guard (ICG) and Border Roads Organization (BRO) during the Defence Investiture Ceremony 2025 (Phase-II) at Rashtrapati Bhawan in New Delhi, Delhi.

• The awards comprised 30 Param Vishisht Seva Medals (PVSM), 5 Uttam Yudh Seva Medals (UYSM), and 57 Ati Vishisht Seva Medals (AVSM), honouring the recipients for their exemplary leadership,dedication, and distinguished service to the nation.
• Lieutenant (Lt) General (Gen) Manoj Kumar Katiyar, Commander, Western Command, and Lt Gen Dhiraj Seth, Commander, Southern Command, received the Param Vishisht Seva Medal (PVSM).

>>Read Full News

Kumar Mangalam Birla Honoured with USISPF Global Leadership AwardIn June 2025, Kumar Mangalam (K M) Birla, Chairman of the Mumbai (Maharashtra) based Aditya Birla Group was honoured with the 2025 Global Leadership Award by the United States-India Strategic Partnership Forum (USISPF) at its 8th Annual Leadership Summit, held in Washington, United States of America (USA).

• Indian Origin Arvind Krishna, Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of New York (USA) based International Business Machines (IBM) and Toshiaki Higashihara (Japan), Executive Chairman of Tokyo (Japan) based Hitachi were also awarded.
• The recipients of the award have been instrumental in advancing the US-India-Japan economic partnership, championing cross-border innovation, investment, and strategic collaboration.

Note: In 2023, Nita Ambani, Chairperson of Reliance Foundation, was honoured with USISPF Global Leadership for her extensive Philanthropic work in education, healthcare, arts, and sports.
About K M Birla:
i.K M Birla has held several key positions on various regulatory and professional Boards. He was a Director on the Central Board of Directors of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).
ii.As the Chairman of the Securities Exchange Board of India (SEBI), he framed the first-ever governance code for Corporate India.
iii.He is the Chancellor of the Birla Institute of Technology & Science (BITS), with campuses in Pilani (Rajasthan), Goa, Hyderabad (Telangana), Dubai and Mumbai Metropolitan Region.
Honours and awards:
i.In 2023, he was conferred the Padma Bhushan, India’s third highest civilian award for his commendable contribution in the field of trade and industry.
ii.He earned several prestigious awards including CA Hall of Fame Award by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) in 2024.
iii.He was named the ‘Business Leader of the Decade’ by the All-India Management Association (AIMA) in 2023.
About the USISPF Global Leadership Award:
i.The United States-India Strategic Partnership Forum (USISPF) Global Leadership Award is an annual honour bestowed by the USISPF to individuals who made outstanding contributions to strengthening the US-India relationship.
ii.It encompasses areas such as business, philanthropy, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and cultural diplomacy.
About the United States-India Strategic Partnership Forum (USISPF):
Chief Executive Officer (CEO) – Dr. Mukesh Aghi
Headquarters – Washington, United States of America (USA)
Founded – 2017

APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

TCL India Extended Rohit Sharma as Brand Ambassador for Second Consecutive YearIn June 2025, Mumbai (Maharashtra) based TCL India Holdings Private Limited, a subsidiary of Huizhou (China) based TCL Technology Group Corporation, renewed Indian cricketer Rohit Sharma as its brand ambassador for the second consecutive year to enhance its brand presence in India by leveraging his leadership, consistency, and widespread popularity.

• By partnering with Rohit Sharma, TCL also seeks to boost consumer engagement and strengthen its presence in India’s fast-growing electronics market.

i.Rohit Sharma continues his association with TCL India under its “Master the Moment” philosophy and will feature in upcoming campaigns, product launches, and community initiatives across India.
ii.The collaboration aims to deepen TCL’s connection with Indian consumers by promoting its Artificial Intelligence (AI)-powered smart TVs (Televisions) and home appliances.
Adidas India Appointed Suhana Khan as its Brand Ambassador:
In June 2025, Adidas India Private Limited, a subsidiary of Herzogenaurach (Germany)-based Adidas AG, appointed Bollywood actress Suhana Khan as the brand ambassador for Adidas Originals, aiming to strengthen its connection with Gen Z (Generation Z or Zoomers) in India by promoting creativity, individuality, and authenticity.

• Suhana Khan, who made her acting debut with The Archies in 2023, will lead campaigns that spotlight timeless Adidas products such as the Superstar sneakers while embodying the brand’s youthful and evolving aesthetic.

i.The collaboration underlines Adidas India’s commitment to youth culture and its efforts to reinterpret heritage products through the lens of the next generation. Adidas Originals continues to focus on classic franchises like the Superstar, which has maintained its popularity across generations.
ii.Other Adidas Brand Ambassadors: Actor Deepika Padukone joined the brand in 2021, while cricketer Rishabh Pant rejoined in February 2025 after an earlier stint from 2016 to 2019. Global icons like Lionel Messi, David Beckham, Jude Bellingham, and Rohit Sharma have also been associated with the brand.
About TCL India Holdings Private Limited:
Headquarters – Mumbai, Maharashtra
Established – 2001

Netherlands PM Dick Schoof resigns after PVV decides to quit coalition
On June 3, 2025, Dutch Prime Minister(PM) Dick Schoof announced his resignation following the withdrawal of the far-right Party For Freedom (PVV), led by Geert Wilders, from the ruling coalition.

• Prime Minister Dick Schoof has submitted his resignation to King Willem-Alexander, and will continue to serve as the head of a caretaker government until the formation of a new administration following elections.

i.The Dutch coalition government, formed in July 2024, collapsed after less than one year in power.

• The coalition, comprising the PVV, People’s Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD), New Social Contract (NSC), and the Farmer–Citizen Movement (BBB), faced internal disagreements primarily over asylum and immigration policies.

ii.The caretaker cabinet can only address non-controversial or urgent issues (e.g., national security, Ukraine support). Major decisions, including defence spending hikes, require parliamentary consensus.
Note: The Netherlands will host the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) summit on June 24, 2025, with a caretaker government.

ACQUISITIONS & MERGERS

CCI Approvals on 3rd June 2025On 03rd June 2025, the Competition Commission of India (CCI) has approved the following proposals:
i.Approved New York, United States of America(USA) based Warburg Pincus LLC’s proposal to acquire up to 9.99% of the paid up share capital of Mumbai(Maharashtra) based IDFC First Bank Limited.

• The clearance was granted to Currant Sea Investments BV, an investment holding company incorporated in the Netherlands, which had approached the regulator for approval in April 2025.

ii.Approved the USD 13.3 billion acquisition of New York-based The Interpublic Group of Companies, Inc.(IPG) by New York-based Omnicom Group Inc.(Omnicom), marking a major consolidation in the global advertising and marketing industry.

•  Announced in December 2024, the merger aims to establish the world’s largest advertising and marketing services company, surpassing existing industry leaders in both revenue and market value.

About IDFC First Bank Limited:
Managing Director (MD) and Chief Executive Officer (CEO)- V. Vaidyanathan
Headquarters- Mumbai, Maharashtra
Tagline– Always You First
Established -2018
>>Read Full News

ENVIRONMENT

Entomologists Identify Seven New Moth Species in Kerala’s Ranipuram Forest
Researchers have identified seven new moth species during a February-March 2024 survey in the Ranipuram forest, Kasaragod district in Kerala.

• The discovery was published in the International Journal of Entomology Research in its May 2025 issue under the title, “First report of seven moth species (Lepidoptera: Heterocera) from Kerala: A survey from Ranipuram, Kasaragod, Kerala, India.”

i.The new moth species recorded are: Zeiraphera griseana, Toccolosida ganeshgudiensis, Tingena ombrodella, Pyla hanhamella, Herpetogramma semilaniata, Antiblemma alcinoe, and Adiopa sp.
ii.These species belong to the order Lepidoptera, suborder Heterocera (moths), which are ecologically significant as pollinators, decomposers, and prey species in food webs.
iii.The discovery enhances the documentation of Lepidopteran fauna in Kerala, especially from the Western Ghats, a recognized global biodiversity hotspot.
iv.It highlights the ecological importance of forest habitats in supporting moth diversity, particularly in regions with complex agroecosystems such as North Kerala.

IMPORTANT DAYS

World Environment Day 2025 – June 5The United Nations (UN’s) World Environment Day (WED) is annually observed across the globe on June 5 to promote awareness and action towards environmental protection and sustainability.

• The theme for WED 2025 was “Beat Plastic Pollution“, emphasizing the urgent need to address plastic waste’s detrimental impacts on ecosystems, wildlife, and human health.
• The Republic of Korea hosts the global celebrations for the second time, having previously hosted in 1997.

Key points:
i.On June 4, 2025, New Delhi (Delhi) based Centre for Science and Environment (CSE)’s State of India’s Environment in Figures 2025 released a report providing a data-driven analysis of India’s environmental and developmental status.
ii.On June 5, 2025, Narendra Modi, Prime Minister (PM) of India led a tree plantation initiative at Bhagwan Mahavir Vanasthali Park in New Delhi, planting a Banyan sapling under the campaign ‘Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam.’
iii.The plantation drive is part of the Aravalli Green Wall Project, aiming to restore the green cover across the 700 kilometer (km) long Aravalli range, spanning 29 districts across Delhi, Haryana, Rajasthan, and Gujarat.
>>Read Full News

International Day for the Fight Against Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing 2025 – June 5The United Nations (UN)’s International Day for the Fight Against Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated (IUU) Fishing is observed annually across the globe on 5th June to raise awareness about the threats posed by IUU fishing activities that undermine sustainable fisheries.

• 5th June 2025 marks the observance of the 8th International Day for the Fight Against IUU Fishing.
• The day is organised by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the UN.

Background:
i.The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) formally adopted the resolution A/RES/72/72 in December 2017, proclaiming 5 June as the International Day for the Fight Against IUU Fishing.

• The same resolution designated 2022 as the International Year of Artisanal Fisheries and Aquaculture, spotlighting small-scale fishers who make up 90% of the global fisheries workforce.

ii.The International Day for the Fight Against IUU Fishing was first observed on 5th June 2018.
>>Read Full News

World Day Against Speciesism – June 5, 2025The World Day Against Speciesism is annually observed on June 5 across the globe to prevent discrimination based on species membership. The day was initiated by animal rights advocates, with an aim to raise awareness among people that speciesism, like racism or sexism, has no value in civilized society.

• The day is supported by People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), Farm Animal Rights Movement (FARM), and other animal rights groups.

Note: World Day for the End of Speciesism (WoDES) is a similar event, which is observed annually on August 31, around the world since 2015.
About Speciesism:
i.The term ‘Speciesism’ refers to the assignment of different rights, values, or special consideration to individuals solely based on their species.
ii.“Speciesism” is the human-held belief that all other animal species are inferior.
Origin of Speciesism:
i.In 1970, the term ‘Speciesism’ was coined by Dr. Richard D. Ryder, the psychologist, ethicist, writer and political animal lobbyist in one of his essays.
ii.But, the term Speciesism was introduced internationally in 1975 by Peter Singer, a student at Oxford, England, the United Kingdom (UK).
iii.Animal rights advocates claim, speciesism is a prejudice like sexism and racism. The use of animals by humans (to produce food and clothes, for scientific experiments, in the entertainment industry, etc.) is a form of discrimination and abuse.
Keyfacts:
i.According to the Basic Animal Husbandry Statistics 2024 report by the Government of India(GoI), India’s total meat production reached 10.25 million tonnes in the 2023–24 period, marking a 4.85% increase over the past decade from 6.69 million tonnes in 2014–15.
ii.India banned the testing of cosmetics and their ingredients on animals in May 2014, followed by a ban on the import of animal-tested cosmetics in November 2014.

• With these actions, it became the first Asian country to implement such comprehensive cruelty-free regulations.

About People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA):
President – Ingrid Newkirk
Headquarters – Virginia, the United States of America (USA)
Founded – 1980

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