Current Affairs 6 April 2024

We are here for you to provide the important Recent and Latest Current Affairs 6 April 2024, which have unique updates of Latest Current Affairs 2024 events from all newspapers such as The Hindu, The Economic Times, PIB, Times of India, PTI, Indian Express, Business Standard and all Government official websites.

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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

NexCAR19: President Murmu Launched India’s 1st Indigenous CAR-T Cell Therapy On April 4, 2024, the President of India Droupadi Murmu launched India‘s first home-grown Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy namely ‘NexCAR19 (Actalycabtagene autoleucel)’ for cancer treatment during the event held at Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay in Mumbai, Maharashtra.

• India is now one of the first developing countries to have its indigenous CAR-T and gene therapy platform.

Developers:
i.It developed through collaboration between IIT, Bombay and Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH), Mumbai in association with industry partner Immunoadoptive Cell Therapy Private Limited (ImmunoACT).

• ImmunoACT  is IIT Bombay-incubated company.

ii.Dr Atharva Karulkar, Dr Alka Dwivedi and the team led by Dr Rahul Purwar, Associate Professor at IIT Bombay designed and developed the NexCAR19.

• Clinical investigations and translational studies were led by Dr Hasmukh Jain and Dr Gaurav Narula and their teams at TMH.

iii.NexCAR19 has received approval from CDSCO (Central Drugs Standard Control Organization), Government of India(GoI), for the treatment of Relapsed-refractory (R/R) B-cell lymphomas and leukemia.
What is CAR-T Cell Therapy?
i.CAR T-cell therapies utilize laboratory modifications of a person’s T cells to selectively target and destroy cancer cells, primarily focusing on blood cancers.
ii.T-cells are special cells (white blood cells that find and fight illness and infection) whose primary function is cytotoxic, meaning it can kill other cells.
iii.Offering a one-time treatment alternative to multiple chemotherapy sessions, CAR-T therapy aims for a lifelong cure and ease of treatment.
iv.Specifically designed for individuals with B-cell lymphomas unresponsive to standard chemotherapy, thereby preventing cancer r/r.
Key Points:
i.In abroad, CAR T Cell Therapy costs approximately USD 370,000 to USD 530,000, but NexCAR19 treatment is 90% cheaper, priced between USD 30,000 and USD 40,000.
ii.NexCAR19 is hailed as the world’s most affordable CAR-T cell therapy, embodying India’s ‘Make in India’ and ‘Atmanirbhar Bharat’ initiatives.
iii.These therapies first approved in the United States of America (USA) in 2017. CAR T-cell therapies approved in the USA targets CD19, a protein that is often produced in large amounts on the surface of leukemia and lymphoma cells.
Participants: Maharashtra Governor Ramesh Bais, IIT Bombay Director Subhasis Chaudhuri, Tata Memorial Centre (TMC) Director Sudeep Gupta, among others.

Adani Green Energy Becomes India’s First Company to Surpass 10,000 MW of Renewable EnergyAdani Green Energy Limited (AGEL) has become the country’s first company to surpass 10,000 megawatts (MW), or 10 gigawatts (GW), of renewable energy capacity in its operational portfolio.

• AGEL has achieved this feat after it commissioned 2,000 MW of solar capacity at Khavda in Kutch, Gujarat.

Key Points:
i.AGEL added 2,848 MW to its operational portfolio in Financial Year 2023-24 (FY24) .
ii.AGEL’s 10,934 MW operational portfolio comprises 7,393 MW of solar, 1,401 MW of wind, and 2,140 MW of wind-solar hybrid capacity.
iii.As per AGEL’s statement, its 10,934 MW operational portfolio will power more than 5.8 million homes and avoid about 21 million tonnes of CO2 emissions annually.
iv.With the aim of building a 45 GW renewable energy capacity by 2030, AGEL is building a 30,000 MW solar plant, the world’s largest renewable energy plant in Khavda, Gujarat.
About Adani Green Energy Limited (AGEL):
AGEL develops, owns, and operates utility-scale grid-connected solar, wind, and hybrid renewable power plants.
Chairman – Gautam Adani
Headquarters – Ahmedabad, Gujarat

Sagar Kavach 01/24: Coastal Security Exercise Conducted in Lakshadweep
Sagar Kavach 01/24, a two-day coastal security exercise involving all maritime security agencies was conducted in the Union Territory (UT) of Lakshadweep from 1st to 2nd April 2024.

• The assets of the Indian Navy(IN), Indian Coast Guard(ICG), Marine Police, Fisheries, Customs and other security agencies were involved in the exercise.
• The exercise demonstrated improved preparedness, reaction mechanisms, and surveillance capabilities collaboration among coastal security stakeholders.

Note: The first edition of 2024’s State Level Biannual Coastal Security Exercise Sagar Kavach (01/24) for Kerala and Mahe (a part of the UT of Pondicherry) was held from 20 to 21 March 2024.

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Singapore, Denmark and U.S. are the Best Places in the world to Conduct Business: EIU’ BER 2024The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) released its Business Environment Rankings (BER) 2024, assessing 82 countries across 91 crucial indicators across 11 categories to determine the best places for conducting business.

• Singapore retains its top position for the 16th consecutive year, followed by Denmark and the United States (US) at 2nd and 3rd place respectively in the world to conduct business.
• India ranked 51 in the list with a score of 1.08.

Assessment:
The report ranked the improvement in the business environment for the period from 2019-2023 to 2024-28.
List of Top 5 Countries to Conduct Business

Big Improvers:
i.Greece, Qatar, and India have made significant strides in providing favorable business environments globally.

• India ranks third among the most improved business environments globally, projecting strong economic growth and heightened foreign investment.

ii.Vietnam, Thailand, Belgium, Sweden, India, and Costa Rica are notable improvers.
Biggest Deterioration:
i.China, Bahrain, Chile, and Slovakia have experienced notable declines in their business environments.
ii.China’s substantial drop by 11 spots marks it as the biggest loser globally, reflecting challenges in its business landscape compared to the previous year.
Key Points:
i.Singapore’s attractiveness stems from its political stability and government support for domestic private-sector technological advancements.
ii.Denmark boasts solid macroeconomic fundamentals and high-quality infrastructure.
iii.The US offers favorable market opportunities with minimal restrictions on foreign trade and investment.
iv.Other top-ranked countries include Germany, Switzerland, Canada, Sweden, New Zealand, Hong Kong, and Finland.
v.Australia, Taiwan, and South Korea also rank in the global top 20, influenced by recent regional free trade agreements.

India to lose 5.8% of daily working hours amid heat stress in 2030 as UNESCAP reportUnited Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP) released a report titled “Economic and Social Survey of Asia and the Pacific 2024: Boosting affordable and longer-term financing for Governments”.
i.As per the report, India is expected to lose approximately 5.8% of daily working hours due to increasing temperatures by 2030.
ii.The report mentioned that climate change may lead to larger agricultural subsidies, as farm subsidies account for 20% of total farm incomes in India.
About United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP):
It is one of the 5 regional commissions of United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)
Executive Secretary: Armida Salsiah Alisjahbana
Headquarters: Bangkok, Thailand
Established: 1947
Members – 53 members and 9 associate members
>> Read Full News

UNDP Report on Small Island Digital States Highlights Digital Transformation for Small Island Developing StatesThe United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) released a report, ” Small Island Digital States: How Digital Can Catalyse SIDS Development,” highlighting the transformative potential of digital for Small Island Developing States (SIDS). The report emphasises the pivotal role of digitalization in the development of SIDS.

• Digital transformation requires longer-term planning, strategic thinking, and dedicated funding.
• Efforts in the digital direction must continue and accelerate to address challenges faced by the global island community effectively.

About the Report:
i.The UNDP Global SIDS Team has collaborated with over 30 national country governments to explore, implement, and scale up digital solutions.
ii.Insights drawn from technical collaborations, implementation of digital projects, UNDP Digital Readiness Assessments, and primary data from a global survey of SIDS youth inform this report.

• UNDP conducted comprehensive Digital Readiness Assessments in over 15 SIDS to identify key digital opportunities and priorities.

iii.The report follows the structure of the UNDP Digital Transformation Framework, which comprises 5 core pillars and related sub-pillars namely: Connectivity; Government; Regulation; Economy; and People.
Key Findings from the Report:
i.Geographic isolation and vulnerability to climate change necessitate innovation, particularly in the digital sphere.
ii.A whole-of-society approach is crucial for leveraging digital tools, and technologies effectively in SIDS.
iii.Insights from the report serve decision-makers, policymakers, industry leaders, innovators, and citizens.
iv.Collaboration among various stakeholders is essential to explore and implement emerging technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI), 5G, and the Internet of Things (IoT).
The Potential of Digital in SIDS:
i.SIDS is strongly positioned to explore the power and potential of digital further, including through sharing their digital challenges and successes.
ii.Advocating for a just digitisation transition, SIDS emphasises the importance of data utilisation while safeguarding against digital harms through a proposed data impact hub.
iii.SIDS is at the forefront of shaping global digital efforts, ensuring inclusivity in the digital journey to the future.
iv.SIDS is actively developing National Digital Strategies, bolstering digital initiatives supported by UNDP, and embracing innovative digital solutions.
About Small Island Developing States (SIDS):
SIDS is a distinct group of 39 States and 18 Associate Members of the UN regional commissions that face unique social, economic, and environmental vulnerabilities.

BANKING & FINANCE

RBI Delays Currency Derivative Regulations to Curb Speculative Trading to May 3, 2024On 4th April 2024, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has deferred the implementation of Exchange Traded Currency Derivatives (ETCD) regulations by a month to May 3, 2024 to curb speculative trading. This is in view of the feedback received from the market and the recent developments.
Key Points:
i.As per the regulations, only traders with underlying forex exposure are permitted to trade in currency derivatives, such as futures contracts, aiding companies in hedging against currency risk.
ii.The postponement of the regulations provides short-term relief amid concerns over potential declines in trading volumes.
iii.The regulatory framework for exchange-traded currency derivatives remains consistent, reflecting the RBI’s broader foreign exchange management policy.
iv.The revised rules are in line with the RBI’s efforts to stabilize the rupee, particularly ahead of India’s bond inclusion in global indexes from June.
v.Indian stock exchanges, including the National Stock Exchange (NSE) and BSE (formerly Bombay Stock Exchange), have directed member brokers to adhere to RBI notifications, restricting currency derivative trades to hedging purposes after April 5, 2024.

ECONOMY & BUSINESS

NTPC Shuts 220 MW Barauni Thermal Power Station Stage-I Project in Bihar
NTPC Limited (formerly known as National Thermal Power Corporation), India’s leading power utility, officially declared the permanent closure of its Barauni Thermal Power Station Stage-I (2×110 megawatt (MW)) in Bihar from March 31, 2024. The closure encompasses 2 units (Units 6 & 7), along with all Auxiliary systems except CHP, Switchyard, Ash Dyke, and Township.

• NTPC established in 1975, boasts a total installed capacity of 75,418 MW (including Joint Ventures (JVs)) and aims to achieve a capacity of 130 gigawatts (GW) by 2032.
• NTPC acquired Barauni Thermal Power Station (720 MW) in Bihar from Bihar State Power Generation Company in December 2018.
• The coal-based power station comprises Stage-I (2×110 MW) and Stage-II (2×250 MW).

Note: NTPC is a Public Sector Undertaking (PSU) under the Ministry of Power.

AWARDS & RECOGNITIONS

Goenka among Seven Indians Named in ‘Young Global Leaders Community: The Class 2024’ by WEFWorld Economic Forum (WEF) released the 20th edition of “Young Global Leaders Community: The Class 2024” in Geneva, Switzerland. This year, a total of 11 members were named in the South Asia category, of which 7 were Indians.

• While, Shashwat Goenka , Vice Chairman of RP Sanjiv Goenka Group was among the 4 Indians selected from the business category in list of Young Global Leaders(YGL).

Other Indians Named in the Young Global Leaders List 2024:
i.Arjun Bhartia,  Director,Jubilant Group in the “Business”category.
ii.Priya Agarwal Hebbar, Non-Executive Director, Vedanta Limited, and also the Chairperson of Hindustan Zinc, are named in the “Business Category.”
iii.Adwaita Nayar, Chief Executive Officer(CEO), FSN E-Commerce Ventures Private Limited in the “Business” category.

• She is CEO of Nykaa Fashion and is Co-Founder of Nykaa.

iv.Sharad Vivek Sagar, Founder and CEO, Dexterity Global in the “Social Entrepreneur” category.
v.Bhumi Pednekar, Actress in the “Arts, Culture and Sports” category.
vi.Richa Bajpai, Founder and CEO, Campus Fund. It is India’s first and only Dorm Room Fund. She was named under the “Social Entrepreneur” category.
Note:
Renowned community members include: Peace Hyde, Executive Director(Netflix), Margaret Zhang, Former Editor-in-Chief, Vogue China, Lewis Pugh, Olympian, Sinead Burke, Disability Activist, Victor Ochen, Peace Activist and will.i.am, Singer and Song-writer.
Forum of Young Global Leaders(YGL):
i.The Forum of Young Global Leaders was established in 2004, is a WEF initiative that selects and convenes the world’s most promising leaders under the age of 40.
ii.The “Young Global Leaders Class of 2024” features nearly 90 young people under the age of 40 driving impact across different fields of public health, economic development,  technology, sustainability, and more.
iii.The list categorises Young Global Leaders in seven different categories: Academia/Think-tank, Arts, Culture and Sports, Business, Civil Society, Media, Public Figure and Social Entrepreneurs.
About World Economic Forum(WEF):
Founder and Executive Chairman: Prof. Klaus Schwab
Managing Director(MD): Saadia Zahidi
Headquarters: Cologny, Geneva Canton, Switzerland
Established: 1971

APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

Astrid Schomaker of Germany Appointed as Executive Secretary of CBDAntónio Guterres, Secretary-General (SG) of the United Nations (UN), appointed Astrid Schomaker of Germany as the 8th Executive Secretary of the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).
With this appointment, She becomes the CBD’s first Executive Secretary from Germany.

• David Cooper of the United Kingdom (UK), Acting Executive Secretary of CBD (since February 2023), will continue his role until Schomaker assumes her functions.
• David Cooper succeeded Elizabeth Maruma Mrema, who was appointed as Deputy Executive Director of the UN Environment Programme (UNEP).

Note: Astrid Schomaker is expected to assume her role ahead of the Conference of the Parties to the CBD (COP 16) summit, which will take place from 21st October- 1st November 2024 in Cali, Colombia.
Key Tasks:
i.Schomaker’s primary task is to translate the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, the biodiversity plan adopted in 2022, into action.
ii.She will prioritise the 4 goals of the Biodiversity Plan: Protecting and restoring; Prospering with nature; Sharing benefits fairly; and  Investing and collaborating.
iii.She will also lead the CBD Secretariat’s work, and facilitate the Parties’ negotiations, on Access and benefit sharing (ABS).
About Astrid Schomaker:
i.Astrid Schomaker is a German diplomat and environmental policy expert.
ii.She joined the European Commission(EC) in 1992. She served as Director for Environment Policy Strategy at EC and headed EC’s divisions for marine and freshwater issues and chemicals.
iii.She has been a co-chair of the steering committee of UNEP’s International Resource Panel since 2015.
iv.She has also served as Director for Global Sustainable Development and for Green Diplomacy and Multilateralism at the European Commission’s Environment Department since 2017.

Former Deputy Governor of RBI, Rakesh Mohan, Appointed to WBG’s Economic Advisory PanelWorld Bank has appointed Rakesh Mohan, Former Deputy Governor (DG) of Reserve Bank of India (RBI) as a member in Economic Advisory Panel of World Bank Group (WBG).
Key Points:
i.Nicholas Stern, IG Patel Professor of Economics and Government at the London School of Economics, United Kingdom (U.K.) will be the chairman of Economic Advisory Panel of WBG
ii.Indermit Gill, Chief Economist of the World Bank Group (WBG) and Senior President for Development Economics will co-chair the panel.
iii.The panel members will have a tenure of two years.
iv.The panel will help and advice WBG regarding their objective, research, agenda and actions.
About Rakesh Mohan:
i.At present, he is the President Emeritus at Centre for Social and Economic Progress(CSEP) in New Delhi, Delhi.

• He is currently serving as part-time member of Economic Advisory Council of Prime Minister(EAC-PM).

ii.Earlier, he held the position of Deputy Governor of the RBI from September 2002 to October 2004 and from July 2005 to June 2009.
iii.He was the Chief Economic Advisor (CEA) to Government of India (GoI) from 2001 to 2002.
iv.He was the Vice-Chairman of Indian Institute for Human Settlements (IIHS) based in Delhi.
v.He worked as Executive Director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in Washington, D.C., U.S.A., from 2012 to 2015.
vi.He joined Nestle India as its executive director in 2010.
Noteworthy Work:
Mohan has authored ‘India Transformed: 25 Years of Economic Reforms’ published in 2017 by Penguin Random House.
About World Bank Group(WBG):
President: Ajay Banga
Headquarters: Washington D.C. , U.S.A.
Establishment: 1944

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

SFC & DRDO Successfully Flight-Tests New Generation Ballistic Missile “Agni-Prime”On 3rd April 2024, Strategic Forces Command (SFC) and Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)successfully conducted the flight test of the New Generation Ballistic missile Agni-Prime (Agni-P) from Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Island off the coast of Odisha.

• The flight test achieved all the trial objectives validating its reliable performance.

About Agni-Prime (Agni-P):
i.It is a two-stage surface-to-surface, canisterised solid propellant ballistic missile.
ii.It is equipped with dual redundant navigation and guidance system.
iii.It has a range between 1000km to 2000km.
iv.It is the 6th variant of Agni series missiles developed under Integrated Guided Missile Development Program (IGMDP).
Note: Other 5 missiles developed under IGMDP: Prithvi, Trishul, Nag, Agni, and Akash.
v.The Agni-Prime missile is 10.5 metre (m) tall with diameter of 1.2 metre and can carry warheads up to 1.5 tonnes.
Additional Information:
In March 2024, DRDO successfully conducted flight test of Agni-5 missile with MIRV (Multiple Independently-targetable Reentry Vehicle) technology under mission Divyastra.
About Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO):
It is the Research and Development (R&D) wing of Ministry of Defence (MoD).
Chairman: Dr. Samir Vankatpati Kamat
Headquarter: New Delhi, Delhi

Indian Army begins Induction of Akashteer Control & Reporting SystemsThe Indian Army has commenced the induction of the indigenous ‘Akashteer Control & Reporting Systems’ to enhance its air defence capabilities. this will enable the Indian Army’s defence units to operate in an integrated manner.

• The project was developed by Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) under the Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative.
• The initial batch of Control Centers was rolled out from BEL Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh(UP), on 4th April 2024.

Background: 
In March 2023, the Ministry of Defence signed a contract worth Rs 1982 crore with BEL to procure the Automated Air Defence Control & Reporting System ‘Project Akashteer’ for the Indian Army.
Key features: 
i.The Akashteer Project is designed to automate air defence control and report the process by digitising the processes.
ii.It is designed with a special focus on mobility and resilience enhancing operational capabilities even in challenging communication environments.
iii.It will empower the army to monitor low-level airspace in combat zones and efficiently manage ground-based air defence weaponry.
iv.The combination of radar and communication systems at all levels into a single network, Akashteer provides a better understanding of the situation and control. This helps in dealing with enemy threats and keeping the aircraft safe in dangerous areas.
About Bharat Electronics Limited(BEL):
BEL is a Navratna Public Sector Undertaking (PSU) under the Ministry of Defence.
Chairman & Managing Director(CMD) – Bhanu Prakash Srivastava
Headquarters- Bengaluru, Karnataka
Establishment – 1954

Korea’s ‘Artificial Sun’ Sets Record For Sustaining Plasma At 100 Million Degree Celsius
South Korea’s superconducting fusion device, the Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR), also known as the “artificial sun” at the Korea Institute of Fusion Energy (KFE), set a new world record in the nuclear fusion experiment by sustaining a plasma loop to 100 million degrees Celsius for 48 seconds.

• Tests conducted between December 2023 and February 2024 showcased the sustained high temperatures, beating the previous record of 30 seconds set in 2021. This is 7 times hotter than the core of the sun.
• KSTAR maintained the high confinement mode (H-mode), a stable plasma state for over 100 seconds.
• At 100 million degrees Celsius, heavy hydrogen isotopes within the plasma fuse, release energy that’s similar to the energy generation mechanism at the core of the Sun.
• Nuclear fusion aims to replicate the reaction that makes the sun and other stars shine, by fusing two atoms to unleash huge amounts of energy.

Note:

• KSTAR aims to sustain plasma temperatures of 100 million degrees for 300 seconds by 2026.
• The temperature of the core of the Sun is 15 million degrees Celsius.

IAF Receives First Indigenous Crash Fire Tender
On 3rd April 2024, The Indian Air Force (IAF) received the delivery of the first indigenously designed and developed Crash Fire Tender (CFT).

• It was manufactured by a Noida(Uttar Pradesh-UP)-based Indian Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (MSME) firm, against the contract worth Rs 291 crores. The CFT was delivered within 14 months of contract.
• The IAF has been steadily advancing toward self-reliance and Atmanirbharat with the goal of achieving Viksit Bharat by 2047.
• The Indian Air Force is also collaborating with the Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO) to create the newest fifth-generation advanced medium combat aircraft such as the light combat Tejas.

Note: On 28th March 2023, The Tejas Mk1A Aircraft series’ first aircraft, LA5033, flew to the sky from the Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) factory in Bengaluru, Karnataka.

SPORTS

Mirabai Chanu Becomes the Only Indian Weightlifter to Qualify for Paris OlympicsSaikhom Mirabai Chanu became the only Indian weightlifter to qualify for the Paris Olympics 2024 after finishing third in Group B of the women’s 49kg division and 12th overall with a total lift of 184kg (81kg snatch + 103kg clean and jerk) at the International Weightlifting Federation (IWF) World Cup 2024.

• The 2024 IWF World Cup is being held from 31st March to 11th April 2024 in Phuket, Thailand.
• The 2024 IWF World Cup is one of the two compulsory competitions to qualify for the Paris Olympics, another is the IWF World Weightlifting Championships 2023 that was held in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from 4th to 17th September 2023.

Key Points:
i.She has fulfilled the criteria for the Paris Olympics, which includes participating in two mandatory events and three other qualifiers.
ii.Mirabai is ranked second in the IWF women’s 49kg Olympic Qualification Ranking (OQR). Only the top 10 players from each weight class in OQR will qualify for the Paris Olympics.
About Mirabai Chanu:
i.Mirabai Chanu won the silver medal in the 2020 Tokyo(Japan) Olympics in the women’s 49kg category.

• She was the second Indian weightlifter after Karnam Malleswari to win an Olympic medal.

ii.She was awarded the Padma Sri in 2018 in the field of sports.
iii.She was also honoured with the Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award in 2018.
Note:The 2024 Paris Olympics is set to be the third Olympic games for Mirabai Chanu after she participated in Rio 2016(Brazil) and Tokyo 2020(Japan).
India’s Bindyarani Devi wins bronze medal in IWF World Cup 2024
Indian weightlifter Bindyarani Devi Sorokhaibam won a bronze medal in the non-Olympic women’s 55kg category at the IWF World Cup 2024.
i.Kang Hyon Gyong(Democratic People’s Republic of Korea) won the gold medal while Mihaela Cambei (Romania) won the silver medal.
ii.She lifted 196kg (83kg snatch + 113kg clean and jerk) to finish third.
Note: Bindyarani Devi and Mirabai Chanu were the only two Indian participants at the IWF World Cup 2024.

IMPORTANT DAYS

61st National Maritime Day – April 5 2024National Maritime Day (NMD) is annually observed across India on 5 April to highlight the significance of the national maritime sector in the development of the Indian economy, global trade, and economic exchange across countries.

• The day also commemorates the maiden voyage of  SS Loyalty, India’s first Swadeshi Ship(owned by Scindia Steam Navigation Company) from Mumbai (Maharashtra) to London (United Kingdom) on 5th April 1919.

5 April 2024 marks the observance of the 61st National Maritime Day.

• Merchant Navy Week 2024 (National Maritime Week) is celebrated alongside National Maritime Day 2024 from 30th March 2024 to 5th April 2024.

Theme: The theme of National Maritime Day/Merchant Navy Week 2024 is “Sustainable Shipping: Challenges and Opportunities.”
Background:
i.National Maritime Day was initiated by the Ministry of Ports, Shipping, and Waterways (MoPSW), Government of India
ii.The 1st ever National Maritime Day was observed on 5 April 1964.
>> Read Full News

International Day of Conscience 2024 – April 5The United Nations (UN)’s International Day of Conscience (IDC) is annually observed across the globe on 5 April to raise awareness about the importance of building a culture of peace with love and conscience, through the customs of the local, national, and regional communities.

• IDC aims to commemorate the value of human conscience and celebrate the aspiration for a better world.

5 April 2024 marks the observance of the 5th International Day of Conscience.
Background:
i.On 25th July 2019, the UN General Assembly (UNGA) adopted a resolution A/RES/73/329 titled “Promoting the Culture of Peace with Love and Conscience” and proclaimed the 5 April of every year as the International Day of Conscience (IDC).

• The resolution was initiated by the Kingdom of Bahrain.

ii.The 1st ever International Day of Conscience was observed on 5 April 2020.
>> Read Full News

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