Current Affairs 4 May 2022

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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

PM Narendra Modi inaugurates 1st SemiconIndia conference 2022 targeting Semiconductor in Bengaluru 

i.On April 29-May 1, 2022, the 1st ‘SemiconIndia 2022’ conference, organised by India Semiconductor Mission (ISM) in partnership with industry and industry associations, was inaugurated by Prime Minister (PM) of India Narendra Modi in Bengaluru, Karnataka on the theme ‘Catalyzing India’s Semiconductor Ecosystem’.
ii.It is a launch pad of India’s semiconductor strategy and policy by bringing together global leaders from Industry, Academia and Research Institutions. 
iii.Aim: To make India a global hub for Semiconductor Design, Manufacturing and Technology Development to propel the vision of ISM.
iv.The state Government of Karnataka signed an MoU with Israel-based International semiconductor consortium, ISMC Analog Fab Private Limited, for setting up India’s 1st & largest 65 nm Analog Semiconductor Fabrication plant in the state with an investment of Rs 22,900 crore ($3 billion). 
v.DIR-V has announced 5 Memoranda of Understanding (MoUs) for the use of indigenously developed RISC-V Processors SHAKTI and VEGA.
About ISMC:
ISMC is a joint venture between Abu Dhabi-based Next Orbit Ventures and Israel’s Tower Semiconductor. US chip giant Intel Corp has announced plans to acquire Tower.
>> Read Full News

C-DOT and C-DAC Sign MoU for Cooperation in Diverse Areas of Telecom and ICT

On April 30, 2022, The Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT) and Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) at the SemiconIndia 2022 event at Bengaluru, Karnataka with the objective of working together in the diverse areas of Telecom and Information Communication Technology (ICT) to boost indigenous technological design and development.
Key Points:
i.The MoU aimed at joint collaboration to identify and develop activities in the areas of 4G, 5G, Broadband, Internet of Things (IoT) or Machine to Machine (M2M), packet core, Computing etc. 
ii.Specific Project Agreements will be signed as and when required to enumerate the specific roles and responsibilities.
iii.C-DOT and C-DAC reiterated their firm commitment towards building indigenous capabilities for the digital transformation of the country as part of the celebration of “Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav”.
Dignitaries Present:
i.The MoU signing ceremony was attended by Daniel Jebaraj, Director, C-DOT and E. Magesh, Director General, C-DAC in the presence of Rajeev Chandrashekhar, Union Minister of State for Electronics and Information Technology and Union Minister of State for Skill Development and Entrepreneurship and senior officers from both the organisations.
About Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT):
i.The C-DOT is a premier telecom Research and Development (R&D) organisation under the Ministry of Communications, Government of India
ii.It carries out advanced R&D activities in narrowband and broadband switching and transmission networks, terrestrial radio systems, satellite systems, optical communication equipment, network protocols, advanced security solutions and network management systems. 
About Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC):
i.The C-DAC is the premier R&D organisation of the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) for carrying out R&D in Information Technology, Electronics and associated areas.
Director General – E Magesh

India’s First Greenfield Grain-Based Ethanol Production Plant Inaugurated in Bihar

Nitish Kumar, the Chief Minister of Bihar, opened the country’s first greenfield grain-based ethanol factory in Purnia(or Purnea), Bihar on 30th April 2022 and indicated that ethanol production would help cut the cost of petrol while also creating jobs.

• This plant is set to produce 65,000 litres of ethanol per day and it will need 150 tons of maize and rice every day.
• Two more such units are ready to be inaugurated in Gopalganj and Bhojpur district, respectively.The other units would be set up in Muzaffarpur, Nalanda, Buxar, Begusarai, East Champaran and Bhagalpur districts.

Ethanol Plant in Bihar
Following the Central Government’s permission on Bihar’s Ethanol Production and Promotion Policy-2021, Bihar State Government proceeded with an outlay of about Rs 105 crore to set up a grain based ethanol plant which was constructed by Eastern India Biofuel Pvt Limited.
i.The produced ethanol would be sold only to Indian Oil, Bharat Petroleum, and Hindustan Petroleum in the state as well as West Bengal and Jharkhand, for which the OMCs have signed a 10-year purchase agreement.
ii.This established plant is a fallout from National Policy on Biofuels – 2018.
National Policy on Biofuels
Approved in 2018, the important salient features of the policy are:
i.The Policy categorises biofuels as “Basic Biofuels” viz. First Generation (1G) bioethanol & biodiesel and “Advanced Biofuels” – Second Generation (2G) ethanol, Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) to drop-in fuels, Third Generation (3G) biofuels, bio-CNG etc. to enable extension of appropriate financial and fiscal incentives under each category.
ii.The Policy expands the scope of raw material for ethanol production by allowing use of Sugarcane Juice, Sugar containing materials like Sugar Beet, Sweet Sorghum, Starch containing materials like Corn, Cassava, Damaged food grains like wheat, broken rice, Rotten Potatoes, unfit for human consumption for ethanol production.
Corn Belt in Bihar
With 18 out of 38 Bihar’s District produces corn, such district farmers would benefit directly from such bioethanol plants which would also double their income apart from employment generation.

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

FAO’s The State of the World’s Forests 2022: 10% of total forest area on Earth lost in 30 years

On 2nd May 2022, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) released its flagship publication “The State of the World’s Forests (SOFO) 2022: Forest Pathways for Green Recovery and Building Inclusive, Resilient and Sustainable economies”. This is part of The State of the World series of the FAO. 

• The report states that since 1990, around 420 million hectares(Mha ) approximately 10.34%, of forest have been lost through conversion to other land uses. 
• The rate of deforestation has decreased over the last 30 years but it was still 10 Mha per year from 2015 to 2020.
• Forests cover around 31% (4.06 billion ha) of the Earth’s land surface. 

The publication was launched during the XV World Forestry Congress (WFC 2021) being held in Coex, Seoul, the Republic of Korea from 2nd to 6th May 2022. 
About Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) :
Director-General– Qu Dongyu
Headquarters– Rome, Italy
>> Read Full News

THE Impact Rankings 2022: 8 Indian Universities among top 300; India becomes 4th best-represented nation

The Times Higher Education (THE) released THE Impact Rankings 2022 (4th edition). There were 1,524 universities from 110 countries/regions participated on work towards the United Nations(UN)’s Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs) across 18 tables, overall ranking and one for each of the 17 SDGs.

• With 64 universities on the ranking, India has become the 4th most well-represented country (Jointly with Turkey). 
• 8 Universities from India are among the top 300 universities in the world. 

Note: THE Impact Rankings is the only global indicator to assess universities’ progress towards the UN’s SDGs. 
>> Read Full News

BANKING & FINANCE

Indian Economy to grow at 6.5-8.5% in Medium Term: RBI’s RCF 2021-22

i.On April 29, 2022, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) released the ‘Report on Currency and Finance (RCF)’ for the year 2021-22 on the theme ‘Revive and Reconstruct’. In accordance to its Chapter-VI ‘A Policy Agenda for Post-Covid-19 India’s feasible range for the medium-term steady state GDP (Gross Domestic Product) growth is 6.5-8.5%.
ii.In this regard, a reduction in general government debt to below 66% of GDP over the next five years is required to secure India’s medium-term growth prospects.
iii.In its report, RBI mooted an incentive mechanism, where Public Sector Banks (PSBs) with better performance in loan recovery and asset quality improvement, could be given priority in access to fresh capital.
About Reserve Bank of India (RBI):
Establishment– April 1, 1935
Headquarters– Mumbai, Maharashtra
Governor– Shaktikanta Das
Deputy Governors– Mahesh Kumar Jain, Michael Debabrata Patra, M. Rajeshwar Rao, T. Rabi Sankar.
>> Read Full News

HDFC ERGO Launches ‘Pay as You Drive’ Program to Reduce Costs of Premium 

HDFC ERGO General Insurance Company, a renowned private sector general insurance company, announced the launch of its “Pay as you Drive” program. It is an insurance solution that provides distance-based insurance under its own damage section in order to lower upfront insurance premiums.

• The offer has been extended as a pilot with Maruti Suzuki India Limited to its customers purchasing a new car as a value proposition to save on insurance premiums. 

• Owners of new Maruti Suzuki automobiles in select cities will be eligible for the scheme until May 14, 2022.

Under the regulatory sandbox, this program is limited to 10,000 policies or Rs. 50 lakhs in premiums, whichever comes first, and is only available through Maruti Suzuki Insurance Broking Private Limited.
Highlights:
i.Many customers do not use their vehicles frequently and end up paying the same insurance premiums as everyday vehicle users.This policy is best suited for customers who like to drive less or have many cars, some of which are driven less than others.

• Based on the distance slabs chosen by the customer, the driving distance will be estimated with the help of a telematics device in the vehicle, allowing customers to save between 10% – 20% on their “Own Damage” premium.

About HDFC ERGO General Insurance Company Ltd:
HDFC ERGO General Insurance Company Ltd. is a joint venture between HDFC Ltd., India’s premier Housing Finance Institution and ERGO International AG, the primary insurance entity of Munich Re Group. 
MD & CEO – Ritesh Kumar
Establishment – 2002
Headquarters – Mumbai, Maharashtra

World Bank Approves USD 47 Million Program to Strengthen India’s Public Sector CapabilityThe World Bank’s Board of Executive Directors has approved a USD 47 million project to support the Government of India’s Mission Karmayogi, a national programme to strengthen civil service capacity.
i.This loan from the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) has a final maturity of 11 years with a 4.5-years grace period.
ii.The Bank’s funding is intended to help the Indian government achieve its goal of improving the functional and behavioural competencies of about four million civil servants. It will be divided into three sections: 

• Competency Framework Development and Implementation
• Development Of an Integrated Learning Platform
• Programme Monitoring, Evaluation, and Management

Mission Karmayogi:
i.The National Programme for Civil Services Capacity Building (NPCSCB)—”Mission Karmayogi”—was launched in September 2020.
ii.By implementing Mission Karmayogi, the government intends to make the nation’s civil service force more future-ready and capable of handling twenty-first-century issues. 
Key Points:
i.The project will assist Mission Karmayogi by developing competency frameworks for Central Ministries, Departments, and Agencies, creating an online training platform that can offer targeted training content, and evaluating and measuring the effectiveness of the training provided.
ii.The project is in line with the India Country Partnership Framework (CPF) FY18–22, which emphasizes building public sector institutions as one of the World Bank’s four areas of engagement in India.
iii. The project also supports the World Bank’s twin goals of eradicating extreme poverty and fostering shared prosperity.
About World Bank:
Together, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and International Development Association (IDA) form the World Bank. The World Bank Group consists of five development institutions: IBRD, IDA, International Finance Corporation (IFC), Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) & International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID).
President of World Bank Group – David Malpass
Establishment – 1944
Headquarters – Washington, DC, United States of America 

APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS     

RBI Board approved Nomination of Dr Rajiv Ranjan as an ex-officio member of the Monetary Policy Committee

On 2nd May 2022, The Central Board of Directors of Reserve Bank of India (RBI) approved the nomination of Dr Rajiv Ranjan, Executive Director of RBI as an ex-officio member of the Monetary Policy Committee(MPC). He replaces Mridul Saggar, who was reported to retire by the end of April 2022.

• The approval was announced during the 595th meeting of the Central Board of Directors of RBI under the Chairmanship of Shaktikanta Das, Governor of RBI, through video conferencing. 
• India’s MPC consists of three internal members – the Governor as the Chairperson, ex officio; the Deputy Governor in charge of monetary policy as Member, ex officio; and one officer of the Bank to be nominated by the Central Board as Member ex-officio – and three external experts appointed by the Central Government.

About Dr Rajiv Ranjan:
Dr Rajiv Ranjan has been associated with RBI for around 33 years. 
Recently he was appointed as the head of the department of economic and policy research, a department aligned with the monetary policy and research function of RBI. 
Monetary Policy:
The Monetary policy refers to the policy of the central bank with regard to the use of monetary instruments under its control to achieve the goals specified in the Act.
RBI is vested with the responsibility of conducting monetary policy and this responsibility is mandated under the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934.
Monetary Policy Committee (MPC):
Under Section 45ZB of the amended RBI Act, 1934, the central government is empowered to constitute a 6-member Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) to determine the policy interest rate required to achieve the inflation target.
Note:
The next meeting of the MPC is scheduled for 6th – 8th June 2022 and economists expect it to hike the repo rate by 25 basis points.

Other Members of the MPC:

1.Shaktikanta Das, Governor of the RBI—Chairperson, ex officio;
2.Dr. Michael Debabrata Patra, Deputy Governor of the RBI, in charge of Monetary Policy—Member, ex officio;
3.Prof. Ashima Goyal, Professor, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research —Member;
4.Prof. Jayanth R. Varma, Professor, Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad—Member; and
5.Dr. Shashanka Bhide, Senior Advisor, National Council of Applied Economic Research, Delhi— Member.

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Indian Coast Guard Launches Fast Patrol Vessel Kamla Devi

On May 2, 2022, The Indian Coast Guard (ICG) launched the Fast Patrol Vessel (FPV) ‘Yard 2118’ named as Kamla Devi, in honour of the Social reformer and freedom fighter Kamladevi Chattopadhyay, in the Titagarh area of North 24 Parganas District, West Bengal. The Vessel is fifth in the series of the five FPVs.

• The FPV was indigenously designed and built by Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers Limited (GRSE) in a public-private partnership with Titagarh Wagons Limited (TWL) for the Indian Coast Guard.

Christening Ceremony:
i.The christening of the Indian Coast Guard Ship (ICGS) ‘Kamla Devi’ was done by Neela Pathania, wife of ICG Director General Virender Singh Pathania. 
ii.The Director General Virender Singh Pathania graced the occasion as the Chief Guest. 
iii.Also the event saw the august presence of Commodore PR Hari, Chairman and Managing Director (Officiating) GRSE, RK Dash, Director Finance GRSE, IG Maneesh Vishal Pathak COMCG (NE) and IG DR Sharma DDG(M&M) and Senior officials of GRSE and TWL.
About the Vessel Kamla Devi:
i.The Vessel is 48.9 metres long and 7.5 metres wide with a displacement of around 308 tonnes and is designed for maximum speed of 34 knots with an endurance of more than 1,500 nautical miles.
ii.The ship is equipped with three numbers of Main Engines with advanced control systems, Water Jet units and an ‘Integrated Bridge System’ integrating all Communication and Navigation Systems.
iii.The FPVs will be used for anti-smuggling, anti-poaching and rescue operations at sea.
iv.The Kamla Devi vessel was scheduled to be the fourth ship in the series of five such FPVs, but the fifth ship was exported as the fourth ship to Republic of Seychelles as ‘SCG PS Zoroaster’ in 2021
v.The launch was well ahead of the schedule with ‘Start Production’, the first key milestone of this ship being achieved on 15 March 2021, followed by the Keel Laying on 15 July 2021. A noteworthy progress of more than 60% on this FPV has been achieved by GRSE at the launching stage.
About Kamladevi Chattopadhyay:
i.Kamladevi was the twentieth century social reformer and freedom activist born in Mangalore, Madras Presidency (Present Karnataka) on 3 April 1903.
ii.She worked towards the upliftment of artisans and craftsmen across the country and development of the performing arts.
iii.She also worked for the socio-economic betterment of women in India, and was awarded the Padma Bhushan, the Padma Vibhushan and the Ramon Magsaysay Award. 
Note: Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE) Ltd is the 1st shipyard in the country to have exported a warship.

India Launches NOAR Platform to Facilitate Open Access in Power Sector

The Government of India has launched the National Open Access Registry (NOAR) website, a move closer to promoting open access in the power sector. On May 1, 2022, the platform started operations successfully.

• NOAR is an integrated single-window electronic platform for the electronic processing of short-term open access applications, that is accessible to all power sector stakeholders, including open access customers (both sellers and buyers), power traders, power exchanges, and National/Regional/State Load Despatch Centres (LDCs).
• National Open Access Registry (NOAR):  https://noar.in/landing.
• National Load Despatch Centre (NLDC) operated by Power System Operation Corporation Limited (POSOCO), has been designated as the nodal agency for the implementation and operation of NOAR.

About National Open Access Registry (NOAR):
i.NOAR is a centralized online platform in India that manages short-term open access to the interstate transmission system.To achieve a faster transaction turnaround time, the platform supports workflow automation.
ii.NOAR would be essential for promoting faster electricity markets and allowing the grid to integrate Renewable Energy (RE) resources.
About Ministry of Power:
Union Minister – Raj Kumar Singh (Arrah Constituency, Bihar)
Minister of State (MoS) – Krishan Pal (Faridabad Constituency, Haryana)
>> Read Full News

Guntur based Single Women Mission- LakshayaSAT Nanosatellite successfully launched from UK

LakshyaSAT, 1U Cubesat nanosatellite is a class of research spacecraft was designed and developed by Kurapati Sai Divya belonging to Tenali, Guntur district, Andhra Pradesh (AP) was successfully launched into the Stratosphere by the B2Space Limited, United Kingdom (UK) in March 2022.
About LakshyaSAT:
i.The CubeSat model nanosatellite was placed inside a space box platform and sent to the stratosphere with the help of a high altitude balloon to collect various parameters of the stratosphere.
ii.The payload LakshyaSAT reached an altitude of 26 km and stayed in the stratosphere for around three hours.
iii.The flight certificate from B2Space has certified that the stratospheric flight with 1U CubeSat has been performed on March 15, 2022, and reached a maximum altitude of 26,056.76 m.
iv.The CubeSats have sensors which can measure temperature, pressure, humidity, altitude, CO2, magnetic strength and collect flight data. This data from the CubeSat can be used to compare with existing data sets, and measure the accuracy of the components.

IIT Bombay & IMD Tie Up to Develop User-Friendly Weather Forecasting App

The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT)-Bombay has signed an agreement with the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) of the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Government of India, to develop climate solutions for stakeholders at the village, city, and district levels.
Key points :
i.The agreement coincided with the 10-year completion of the Interdisciplinary Program in Climate Studies (IDPCS) at IIT Bombay, which was established in 2012 with significant financial backing from the Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology.
The following are expected to be some of the major outcomes of this collaboration:

• Smart Monitoring Systems Using Sensors and Drones
• Climate-smart agriculture technology for water and food security
• Intelligent and automated early warning systems
• Climate and Health
• Smart power grid management
• Forecasts for wind energy and heat waves

ii.The partnership is also anticipated to provide: Climate forecasting and information-based smart applications for a multitude of sectors, including agriculture, farming and irrigation, health, etc, employing Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML), among other technologies.
iii.Centre of Excellence (CoE) in Climate Services and Solutions
Given India’s ambitious aim of achieving net zero emissions by 2070, IIT Bombay’s goal is to contribute to the nation’s mission through ground-breaking research. 

• Towards that objective, the Institute plans to establish a Centre of Excellence (CoE) in Climate Services and Solutions within the Interdisciplinary Program in Climate Studies (IDPCS) at IIT Bombay. 

SPORTS

Ronnie O’Sullivan Won Record 7th World Snooker Championship Title; Became the Oldest Snooker Champion

Ronnie O’Sullivan (England), has won the 2022 World Snooker Championship (officially 2022 Betfred World Snooker Championship) by defeating Judd Trump (England) against 18-13 in the finals, which were held from April 16 to May 2, 2022 at the Crucible Theatre in Sheffield, England. 

• The tournament was organised by the World Snooker Tour and sponsored by sports betting company Betfred.
• The Total prize money is 2,395,000 Euros and the Winner gets a share of 500,000 Euros.
• O’Sullivan(Aged 46) becomes the oldest world champion in Crucible history, eclipsing Ray Reardon, who won his sixth title aged 45 in 1978.

Key Points:
i.The Snooker Championship had occurred at the same venue for 46th consecutive years.
ii.It was Ronnie O’Sullivan’s seventh World Snooker Championship title, previously in 2001, 2004, 2008, 2012, 2013 and 2020, equalling Stephen Hendry’s modern-day record of seven world titles (Hendry won all of his in the 1990s).
iii.He also won a record seven titles at each of the Masters and the United Kingdom (UK) Championship, the other two so-called “majors” in snooker.

IMPORTANT DAYS

World Asthma Day 2022 – May 3

World Asthma Day (WAD) is annually observed across the world on the first Tuesday of May to create awareness about asthma, a condition in which the airways narrow and swell and may produce extra mucus. 

• World Asthma Day is organized by the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA), a World Health Organization (WHO) collaborative organization founded in 1993.

World Asthma Day (WAD) 2022 falls on 3rd May 2022. 

• WAD 2021 was observed on 4th May 2021. 
• WAD 2023 will be observed on 2nd May 2023. 

The theme of World Asthma Day (WAD) 2022 is ‘Closing Gaps in Asthma Care’.
>> Read Full News

World Laughter Day 2022 – May 1

World Laughter Day is annually observed across the globe on the first Sunday of May to spread happiness across the world. The day also aims to create awareness about laughter and the healing benefits of laughing. 

• The day aims to manifest world peace and build up a feeling of friendship and brotherhood through laughter.

The World Laughter Day 2022 falls on 1st May 2022. 

• World Laughter Day 2021 was observed on 2nd May 2021.
• World Laughter Day 2023 will be observed on 7th May 2023. 

Background:
World Laughter Day was first celebrated in Mumbai in 1998 when Dr Madan Kataria, founder of the Laughter Yoga Movement. 

• The Laughter Yoga Movement was influenced by the facial feedback hypothesis, which suggests that a person’s facial expressions can have an impact on their emotions.
• “HAPPY-DEMIC” was the first World Laughter Day gathering outside India. It took place on 9th January 2000, in Copenhagen, Denmark and more than 10,000 people gathered in the Town Hall Square . The event went into the Guinness Book of World records.

Significance of Laughter:
i.Laughter is one of the most beneficial functions performed by the mind. 
ii.The benefits of laughter include strengthening the immune system to protect against the damaging effects of stress. 
iii.Laughter enhances your intake of oxygen-rich air, stimulates your heart, lungs and muscles, and increases the endorphins released by our brain.

World Press Freedom Day 2022 – May 3

The United Nations(UN)’s World Press Freedom Day is annually observed across the globe on 3rd May to celebrate the fundamental principles of press freedom and to assess the state of press freedom throughout the world. 
The day also defends the media from attacks on their independence and pays tribute to the journalists who have lost their lives in the line of duty.

• The theme of World Press Freedom Day 2022 is “Journalism under digital siege”.

Why May 3?
May 3 marks the anniversary of the Windhoek Declaration, a benchmark for ensuring press freedom around the world, adopted on 3rd May 1991. 
>> Read Full News

STATE NEWS

 Assam Inks Tripartite Pact With AFD And ONFI For Wildlife Protection
Assam inks an MOU with French agencies called Agence Francaise de Development (AFD) and Office National des Forets International (ONFI) for a Tripartite Park and Biodiversity Partnership. This inked partnership intends to exchange expertise and sharing of knowledge between the partners on various aspects of wildlife protection. Further, this pact forms a part of the Indo-French Joint Declaration for the “Indo-Pacific Parks Partnership.”
About the Partnering Agencies
AFD is a French Funding Agency and ONFI is a subsidiary of the French National Forest Office.
Funding
Through this MOU, a sum of Rs 2.50 crores would be granted by the AFD to the State Government of Assam for pursuing exchange programme/s of government officials between France and Assam to attain knowledge about the dynamics of forest conservation and wildlife management.
Indo-Pacific Parks Partnership
India and France entered into the “Indo-Pacific Parks Partnership” on 22nd February 2022. The primary objective of this partnership is to strengthen capacity in the Indo-Pacific region for sustainable management of protected areas by gathering and sharing the region’s experiences and expertise. Also, the partnership intends to bring together major Indo-Pacific public and private natural park managers to share best practices, uncover knowledge, and highlight creative experiences that can help assure more sustainable, inclusive, and efficient natural resource preservation.

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