Current Affairs 31 August 2025

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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

MoE Released Report on UDISE+ 2024-25 on School Education of India; India’s School Teacher Count Breaches 1 Crore Mark In August 2025, the Ministry of Education (MoE) released a comprehensive report on Unified District Information System for Education Plus (UDISE+) for academic Year 2024-25 on school education of India.

• The report showed that for the 1st time in any academic year, since the inception of UDISE+ in 2018-19, the total number of teachers has breached the mark of 1 crore (1,01,22,420) in 2024-25 as compared with 98,07,600 (in 2023-24) and 94,83,294 (2022-23).

Key Findings of UDISE+ 2024-25:
Pupil-Teacher Ratio (PTR): The report revealed that PTR has improved in 2024-25 compared to 2014-15 at all educational levels i.e. from 15 to 10 (foundational), from 18 to 13 (preparatory), from 26 to 17 (middle) and from 31 to 21 (secondary).
School Enrolment: The data of the report showed that the total school enrolment number (from Class-I to Class XII) has decreased by 11 lakh students, from 24.8 crore (2023-24) to 24.69 crore (2024-25), all-time low since 2018-19.
Drop Out Rates: The report highlighted that academic year 2024-25 has seen significant decrease in dropout rates across 3 educational levels (Preparatory, Middle and Secondary)as compared to previous two academic years (2023-24 and 2022-23).
Improved GER: The report showed that Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) at the Middle and Secondary levels, increased from 89.5% to 90.3% and from 66.5% to 68.5%, respectively.
>>Read Full News

NCW Launches NARI 2025 Report: Kohima, Visakhapatnam, and Bhubaneswar Ranked Safest Cities for WomenOn 28 August 2025, the National Commission for Women (NCW) released the ‘National Annual Report and Index on Women’s Safety 2025 (NARI 2025)’. The report was launched by Vijaya Rahatkar, Chairperson of NCW.

• According to NARI 2025, India has a 65% safety score, capturing women’s perceptions of safety, effectiveness of law enforcement, reporting mechanisms, and experiences in public spaces.

About NARI 2025:
Methodology: The report is based on a survey of 12,770 women from 31 cities.
Publisher: The 2025 NARI index is conceived by The NorthCap University and Jindal Global Law School and published by the Group of Intellectuals and Academicians (GIA).
Highlights of NARI 2025 :
Safest Cities for Women: As per the report, Kohima (Nagaland), Visakhapatnam (Andhra Pradesh, AP), and Bhubaneswar (Odisha) are the top scorers among the 7 cities that qualified as the safest for women.
Least Safe Cities for Women: Ranchi (Jharkhand), Srinagar (Jammu & Kashmir, J&K) and  Kolkata (West Bengal, WB) were among the cities ranked at the bottom of the NARI 2025 index.

• The NARI 2025 index also ranks Patna(Bihar); Jaipur(Rajasthan); Faridabad(Haryana); and New Delhi(Delhi) among the lowest in women’s safety.

>>Read Full News

MoP Releases 6th Edition of State Energy Efficiency Index 2024; Maharashtra AP, and Assam Among Top PerformersOn 29 August 2025, the Ministry of Power (MoP) released the sixth edition of the State Energy Efficiency Index  for fiscal year 2023-24 (SEEI 2024) to assess and track the progress of states in managing and improving energy efficiency.

• The index has been prepared by the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) together with the Alliance for an Energy Efficient Economy (AEEE). It was released by Akash Tripathi, who is the Additional Secretary in the MoP and also the Director General (DG) of BEE.
• According to the index, the top performing states are Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh (AP), Assam, and Tripura for their respective group.

About State Energy Efficiency Index (SEEI) 2024):
The SEEI 2024 reviews how 36 States and Union Territories (UTs) performed in energy efficiency during the financial year 203-24 (FY 24).
Categories: The states are grouped into four categories based on their performance:

• Front Runners (above 60%),
• Achievers (50–60%),
• Contenders (30–50%), and
• Aspirants (below 30%).

Top Perfomers: Maharashtra has emerged as the leader among Group 1 states with energy use above 15 MToE. Andhra Pradesh led Group 2 (5–15 MToE), Assam came first in Group 3 (1–5 MToE), and Tripura topped Group 4 ( <1 MToE).
Front Runner States: The number of Front Runner states has reduced from seven to five, with AP, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Telangana, and Tamil Nadu (TN) still holding this position.
Achievers and Contenders: Assam and Kerala have been placed in the Achievers category, while Haryana, Punjab, Rajasthan, Odisha, and Uttar Pradesh (UP) are identified as Contenders.
>>Read Full News

Bisleri International Partners with Indian Army to Develop Eco Zone in Sikkim
In August 2025, Bisleri International Private Limited, one of the largest premium beverage businesses in India, has signed a Letter of Association (LoA) and a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU), with the Indian Army (IA), Sikkim, to develop eco zone for plastic waste management through its flagship program ‘Bottles for Change (BFC)’, at Gangtok Military Station in Gangtok, Sikkim.

About Eco Zone in Sikkim:
Aim: To create awareness, drive behavioural change, and promote sustainable practices for a cleaner and greener future.
Significance: Through this strategic collaboration, BFC will contribute to develop plastic waste management & sent all post-consumer plastic from the station for recycling.
Model: With the establishment of the BFC program, the Station’s Eco Zone will act as a model for sustainable development and environmental conservation in the region.

Union MoS Sanjay Seth Inaugurates MILMEDICON-2025 in New Delhi
In August 2025, Union Minister of State (MoS) Sanjay Seth, Ministry of Defence (MoD), inaugurated ‘MILMEDICON-2025: International Conference on Physical and Mental Trauma in Military Settings’, at Manekshaw Centre in New Delhi, Delhi.

About MILMEDICON-2025:
Organizer: The conference, held from August 28 to 29, 2025, was organized by the Directorate General of Medical Services (Army), under the guidance of the Indian Army (IA).
Commemoration: The conference, forming part of “Year of Reforms” initiative by MoD, commemorated the 100th anniversary of the Military Nursing Service (MNS), honouring the exceptional service and the spirit of ‘Nari Shakti’ in combat and leadership roles.
Focus: The event focused on areas such as Advanced Combat Trauma Care, Integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and emerging technologies in military healthcare, Innovative emergency and battlefield medical response strategies, and role of women in combat and leadership positions.
Participation: The event witnessed participation of delegated from 15 foreign countries in panel discussions, poster sessions, and scientific gallery exhibitions.

CG Power Unveils One of India’s First End-to-End OSAT Pilot Line Facilities in Sanand, Gujarat
In August 2025, Union Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw, Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology(MeitY) and Chief Minister(CM) of Gujarat Bhupendra Patel inaugurated one of India’s first full-scale Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Test (OSAT) pilot line facilities developed by CG Power at Sanand, Gujarat.

• The CG Semi facility at Sanand is one of India’s first full-scale OSAT plants, supporting semiconductor design, manufacturing, and downstream capabilities under the India Semiconductor Mission (ISM).
• Backed by central and state government support, CG Semi is investing over Rs 7,600 crore (~USD 870 million) over 5 years to develop 2 state-of-the-art facilities (G1 and G2) in Sanand, Gujarat.

Details of the G1 and G2 Facilities:
G1 Facility:Peak capacity of 0.5 million units per day.Services include chip assembly, packaging, testing, and advanced lab verification.Pursuing ISO 9001 and IATF 16949 certifications, G1 targets commercial production by 2026.
G2 Facility:Under construction, set to scale capacity up to 14.5 million units per day by end-2026.Both facilities together are expected to create over 5,000 direct and indirect jobs, boosting local employment and high-tech skill development
About CG Semi:Headquartered in Sanand, Gujarat, CG Semi is a Joint Venture (JV) between CG Power and Industrial Solutions Limited (Murugappa Group), Renesas Electronics Corporation (Japan), and Stars Microelectronics (Thailand).

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

India Joins Multinational Military Drill ‘Exercise Bright Star 2025’ in EgyptOn August 27, 2025, India has deployed more than 700 personnel from the Indian Armed Forces and Headquarters Integrated Defence Staff to participate in ‘Exercise Bright Star 2025’, a multilateral exercise, which is scheduled to be held from August 28 to September 10, 2025, at the Mohamed Naguib Military Base in Matrouh Governorate, Egypt.

• The participation of Indian Armed Forces aligns with India’s commitment to regional peace, stability, and security.

Background:
Exercise: Exercise Bright Star is a biennial, multinational military exercise, held in Egypt. It is one of the largest and oldest military drills in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region.

• It is a tri-service exercise involving the Army, Navy, and Air Force of participating countries.

Accords: The exercise began in 1980 as a bilateral exercise between the United States of America (USA) and Egypt, following the Camp David Accords (1978).

• In 1996, countries such as France, United Kingdom (UK), Germany, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) joined the exercise, which was followed by other countries subsequently.

Previous Edition: The previous edition of the exercise was held in 2023 in Egypt.
About Exercise Bright Star 2025:
Global Participation: The 19th edition of the exercise will witness participation of 43 countries, with 13 countries deploying 7,900 troops, and 30 countries take part as observers.
Activities: They are engaging in a comprehensive array of activities, including live-fire demonstrations, command post exercises, short-duration joint training, and subject matter expert interaction.
India’s Participation: The Indian tri-services, comprising Indian Army (IA), Indian Navy (IN), and Indian Air Force (IAF), will engage in live firing, showcasing its operational capabilities, Command Post Exercises for joint planning, decision-making and coordination.

• It also includes short-duration joint training Exercises by tri-services, focusing on varied aspects of modern warfare, and Interactions of Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) in areas such as cyber warfare, logistics, etc.
• In 2023, India participated for the first time, with around 550 personnel from the tri-services.

About Egypt:
Prime Minister (PM) – Mostafa Madbouly
Capital – Cairo
Currency – Egyptian Pound(EGP)

56th BSF–BGB DG-Level Border Conference Held in Dhaka, Bangladesh The 56th Directors General (DG)-level Border Coordination Conference between the Border Security Force (BSF) of India and the Border Guard Bangladesh (BGB) was held in Dhaka, Bangladesh, from August 25–28, 2025, with a focus on enhancing cooperation in border management and security matters.

• The Indian delegation was headed by Daljit Singh Chawdhary, Director General (DG) of BSF, while Major General Mohammad Ashrafuzzaman Siddiqui, DG of BGB, led the Bangladesh side.

Background:
Biannual Meetings:India and Bangladesh organise DG-level meetings twice a year, once in each country, to strengthen border cooperation.

• The previous meeting took place in New Delhi (Delhi) from 17 to 20 February 2025.

Upcoming Conference:The next DG-level conference is scheduled to be held in New Delhi in March 2026.
Key Focus Areas:
Discussions: The two sides discussed various concerns such as attacks on BSF personnel and Indian citizens by groups from Bangladesh,  cross-border crimes including smuggling of drugs, weapons, fake currency, and gold, as well as challenges related to border infrastructure.
Concerns Raised:They also discussed riverbank protection, water-sharing issues, border demarcation, and construction within 150 yards of the boundary.

• They highlighted riverbank protection, equitable water sharing, preservation of border rivers, along with countering propaganda, easing bilateral tensions, and advancing the Coordinated Border Management Plan (CBMP).

Outcomes and Agreements:
Joint Record of Discussions (JRD): Signed a JRD, reinforcing cooperation and agreeing to uphold peace and security across the 4,096 kilometer(km) border.

• Both forces agreed to strengthen precautionary steps by carrying out joint patrols, increasing surveillance along the border, and organising awareness programmes to guide local residents on respecting the international boundary.

Zero Tolerance Approach: India and Bangladesh agreed to act jointly with zero tolerance against insurgent groups through real-time information sharing.
About Border Security Force (BSF) :
Director General (DG)– Daljit Singh Chawdhary
Headquarters– New Delhi, Delhi
Motto– Duty Unto Death
Established– 1965

BANKING & FINANCE

PFC and JBIC Sign Rs 3,500 Crore Loan Agreement to Support  Bioethanol Project in Assam
On 29 August 2025, the Power Finance Corporation Limited (PFC), a Schedule-A Maharatna Central Public Sector Enterprise (CPSE) under the administrative control of the Ministry of Power (MoP) and the Tokyo (Japan)-based Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC) signed a loan agreement worth around Rs 3,500 crore (60 billion Japanese Yen (JPY)) to finance clean energy projects in India.

Co-Financers: JBIC’s share of the loan is 36 billion JPY, while the balance is co-financed by four Japanese private banks—Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation, The Joyo Bank Limited, Kansai Mirai Bank Limited, and Kiraboshi Bank Limited. JBIC also provides guarantees for this co-financing portion.
Project Specifics:

• The loan will fund Assam Bio Ethanol Private Limited (ABEPL) to establish a biofuel production and power generation plant in Golaghat district, Assam.
• The project focuses on second-generation bioethanol production using bamboo harvested from the Northeastern states of India, promoting renewable and cleaner energy.
• It directly supports India’s National Policy on Biofuels which targets 20% ethanol blending in gasoline (E20) by 2025 to reduce fossil fuel dependency and address climate change.

Note: India is the world’s third-largest emitter of Carbon dioxide (CO2), following China and the United States of America (USA).

Jio Payments Bank Unveils ‘Savings Pro’ for Higher Returns on Idle Deposits
In August 2025, Jio Payments Bank Limited (JPBL), a wholly owned subsidiary of Jio Financial Services Limited (JFSL), announced the upcoming launch of ‘Savings Pro’, India’s first savings account that automatically invests idle balances in overnight Mutual Funds (MFs), allowing depositors to earn higher returns without additional effort.

• This announcement was made by Hitesh Sethia, Managing Director(MD) & Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of JFSL, during the company’s 2024-25 Annual General Meeting(AGM).

How Savings Pro Works:

• Idle balance in the account will be seamlessly moved into overnight mutual funds—open-ended debt funds investing in money market instruments that mature overnight.
• Earnings through overnight MFs could substantially exceed those from conventional savings, enhancing returns with minimal customer intervention
• Idle money in a savings account earns low interest, typically around 2% to 4% annually.
• With Savings Pro, this idle cash will automatically get invested in overnight MFs, which offer better returns (usually in the range of 4% to 6%) with minimal risk.

Note: Overnight MFs are open-ended debt funds that invest in debt and money market instruments with a maturity of one day.

APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

Rajeev Shukla Appointed Interim BCCI President
In August 2025, Rajeev Shukla, Vice-President(VP) of the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) since 2020, assumed charge as the interim President of BCCI after Roger Binny stepped down upon reaching the age limit of 70 years as per BCCI rules. Binny turned 70 on July 19, 2025, leading to his resignation under the age-limit clause.

• Rajeev Shukla (65), who has been serving as the BCCI vice-president since 2020, will serve as interim president until the next BCCI elections, expected in September 2025.

Note: Earlier, C.K. Khanna had served as acting BCCI president between 2017-2019 during the Supreme Court-appointed Committee of Administrators’ tenure that governed the board for 33 months.
About Rajeev Shukla and Roger Binny:
Rajeev Shukla: Member of Parliament in Rajya Sabha from Chhattisgarh, he earlier chaired the Indian Premier League (IPL) in 2011.
Roger Binny: Former President of BCCI since 2022, replacing Sourav Ganguly. Binny also served as President of Karnataka State Cricket Association (KSCA) and coached India’s U-19 team that won the 2000 ICC U-19 Men’s World Cup in Sri Lanka..
Governance Changes:

• In August 2025, Parliament passed the National Sports Governance Act (2025), but it will take 4–5 months to come into effect.
• Until then, elections will be conducted under the existing BCCI constitution, based on the Supreme Court’s Lodha Committee recommendations.
• The current age cap for office bearers is 70 (Lodha Committee recommendations), but the new act allows those aged 70-75 to contest if international governing body rules permit.
• As per the new rule, the office bearers must step down after 9 years in total or 6 consecutive years.

IMPORTANT DAYS

International Day of the Victims of Enforced Disappearances 2025 – August 30The United Nations’ (UN) International Day of the Victims of Enforced Disappearances is observed every year worldwide on August 30 to honor individuals who have been forcibly disappeared and to advocate for justice, truth, and accountability.
Background:
UN Resolution Adoption: On 21st December 2010, the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) adopted resolution A/RES/65/209, designating 30th August of each year as the International Day of the Victims of Enforced Disappearances.
International Convention Recognition: Through the same resolution, the UNGA welcomed the adoption of the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance (ICPPED).
First Observance: The first-ever International Day of the Victims of Enforced Disappearances was observed on 30th August 2011.
About International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance (ICPPED):
Adoption of the Convention: On 20th December 2006, the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) adopted resolution A/RES/61/177, titled “International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance (ICPPED).”
Entry into Force: The Convention entered into force in 2010, after 20 States had ratified or acceded to it. It also established the Committee on Enforced Disappearances (CED), a body of independent experts that monitors the implementation of the ICPPED by State parties.
>>Read Full News

National Small Industry Day 2025 – August 30India observes National Small Industry Day (NSID) on 30th August 2025,  to recognize the pivotal role of Small-Scale Industries (SSIs) and Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in economic growth, employment generation, and inclusive development.
Background:
Policy Launch: On 30 August 2000, then Prime Minister (PM) Atal Bihari Vajpayee announced a comprehensive policy package for Small Scale Industries (SSIs) during the 1st National Conference on SSI.
Annual Observance: To commemorate this, the Government of India (GoI) designated 30 August as NSID, celebrated every year.
First Observance: The first NSID was observed on 30 August 2001.
Related Observance: The United Nations (UN) Micro, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (MSMEs) Day is observed every year on 27 June worldwide .
>>Read Full News

STATE NEWS

Justices Alok Aradhe, Vipul Pancholi Sworn in as Judges of Supreme Court of India
On August 29, 2025, Justice Alok Aradhe and Justice Vipul Manubhai Pancholi sworn in as the Judges of the Supreme Court (SC) of India by taking oath administered by the Chief Justice of India (CJI) B.R. Gavai.

• With their appointment, the SC now operates at its full sanctioned strength of 34 judges, including the CJI.

Career Highlights:
Constitution: The judges of the SC are appointed by the President of India under Article 124 (2) of the Constitution of India.
Justice Alok Aradhe: He began his judicial career in the Madhya Pradesh(MP) High Court(HC) in 2009. He has served in various HC, including Jammu & Kashmir(J&K), Karnataka, Telangana, and Maharashtra.

• Currently, he was the Chief Justice of the Bombay HC before his elevation to the SC. His tenure in the SC will conclude on April 13, 2029.

Vipul Manubhai : He commenced his judicial career in the Gujarat HC in 2014. He was transferred to the Patna HC in July 2023 and became its Chief Justice in July 2025. His term in the Supreme Court is set to end on May 28, 2033

Bihar Cabinet Approved ‘Mukhya Mantri Mahila Rozgar Yojana’
In August 2025, the Bihar Cabinet chaired by Chief Minister (CM) of Bihar Nitish Kumar, approved the Mukhya Mantri Mahila Rozgar Yojana (MMR Yojana), aimed at ensuring economic empowerment of women by providing financial assistance to start businesses of their choice.

• The scheme will be implemented by the Rural Development Department, Bihar, with support from the Urban Development and Housing Department, Bihar.

About Mukhya Mantri Mahila Rozgar Yojana:
Objective: The scheme will help women become financially independent and also reduce migration by creating “better employment opportunities” within Bihar.
Financial Support: Rs 10,000 will be given as the first instalment to one woman from each family. The amount is a grant and does not need to be repaid.
Additional Assistance: After 6 months, based on performance evaluation of the business, an additional grant of up to Rs 2 lakh will be provided.
Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT): Starting September 2025, financial assistance under the DBT scheme will be directly credited to women’s bank accounts.
Market Support: Haat bazaars to be developed across rural and urban areas to facilitate sale of women’s products.

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