Current Affairs 23 April 2025

We are here for you to provide the important Recent and Latest Current Affairs 23 April 2025, which have unique updates of Latest Current Affairs 2025 events from all newspapers such as The Hindu, The Economic Times, PIB, Times of India, PTI, Indian Express, Business Standard and all Government official websites.

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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Cruise Tourism in India: A Voyage of New PossibilitiesCruise tourism is a nature-driven tourism experience that explores India’s rivers, seas, and canals for themed journeys across all budgets. It provides safe and comfortable access to even remote destinations, promoting inclusivity and ease of travel.

• Cruise tourism comprises 4 key segments: ocean cruises (international cruises), coastal and island smaller ships and luxury yachts cruises, National Waterways (NWs) cruises, and island & coastal & river bank assets.

i.The ‘Cruise Bharat Mission (CBM)’ was launched by the Ministry of Ports, Shipping & Waterways (MoPSW) on September 30, 2024, from Mumbai Port (Maharashtra). It aims to boost the country’s cruise tourism industry by doubling cruise passenger traffic within 5 years (by 2029).
ii.The GoI’s Maritime India Vision (MIV) 2030 aims to make India a significant player in the global cruise market, both for ocean and river cruises.

• India has the potential to grow by 8-times over the next decade (10 years), driven by increasing demand and disposable incomes.

iii.The Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI), under the MoPSW, has been planning to develop the navigational channel on waterways along with navigational aids and carrying out dredging (process of removing sediments), if necessary, in some NWs.
About Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI):
It was established in 1986 under IWAI Act, 1985. It is mandated with the development and regulation of waterways which are declared NWs in India.
Chairman- Vijay Kumar
Headquarters- Noida, Uttar Pradesh (UP)
>> Read Full News

India’s DBT system saves Rs. 3.48 lakh crore and enhances welfare efficiencyIndia’s Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) system has helped the country achieve cumulative savings of Rs.3.48 lakh crore by minimizing leakages in welfare delivery, according to a new quantitative assessment by New Delhi(Delhi) based BlueKraft Digital Foundation.

• The report also states that subsidy allocations have been halved from 16% to 9% of total government expenditure since the implementation of DBT.
• ​The findings, supported by the Ministry of Finance(MoF), underscore DBT’s transformative effect on enhancing public spending efficiency, streamlining subsidies, and advancing social inclusion.

About the assessment:
i.One of the key features of DBT is the use of the JAM trinity, which stands for Jan Dhan bank accounts, Aadhaar unique Identification(ID) numbers and mobile phones.
ii.The assessment evaluates data from 2009 to 2024 to examine the impact of DBT on budgetary efficiency, subsidy rationalisation, and social outcomes.
>> Read Full News

Union Minister Sarbananda Sonowal Inaugurates India’s Largest Cruise Terminal ‘MICT’ in MumbaiOn April 21, 2025, Union Minister Sarbananda Sonowal, Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways (MoPSW), flagged off Cruise Operations from the Mumbai International Cruise Terminal (MICT), the largest world-class cruise terminal in India, located at Ballard Pier, Mumbai (Maharashtra).

• The event also featured the inauguration of renovated heritage buildings, a Shore-to-Ship Electric Supply system under the Green Port Initiative, and the Sagar Upvan Garden, alongside MoU signings worth Rs. 5,700 crores for infrastructure development at Vadhavan Port.

i.The event was attended by Union Minister of State (MoS) Shantanu Thakur, MoPSW; Sushil Kumar Singh (IRSME), Chairman of Mumbai Port Authority (MbPA); Adesh Titarmare, Deputy Chairman of MbPA; Unmesh Sharad Wagh, Chairman of Jawaharlal Nehru Port Authority (JNPA), and Dhruv Kotak, Managing Director (MD) of J.M. Baxi, among other dignitaries.
ii.MICT has been developed at a total cost of Rs. 556 crore under the Cruise Bharat Mission in line with global standards to promote cruise tourism in India.
iii.The project was developed through a Public-Private Partnership(PPP), with terminal operations being managed by industry players JM Baxi & Co(Mumbai) and Ballard Pier Port Private Limited(Mumbai).
>> Read Full News

India’s First Quantum Key Distribution Over MCF Achieved by C-DOT & STL
In April 2025, the New Delhi(Delhi)-based Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT) under the Department of Telecommunications(DoT), Ministry of Communications(MoC), in collaboration with Pune (Maharashtra)-based Sterlite Technologies Limited (STL), successfully conducted India’s first Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) transmission over a 4-core Multi-Core Fibre (MCF).

• Both C-DOT and STL reaffirmed their commitment to advancing India’s position in the global landscape of quantum communication and optical networking technologies.

Highlights of the Achievement:
i.A stable QKD link was established over more than 100 kilometres(km), validating its reliability under high data traffic conditions. Quantum signals were transmitted via one core, while the other three cores carried high-speed classical data.
ii.C-DOT has successfully developed and deployed industry-grade QKD systems which have received Technology Approval from the  Telecommunication Engineering Centre (TEC) under the DoT, MoC.
iii.This test proved that quantum and classical communication can coexist within the same fibre, ensuring cost-effective and secure data transmission.
Points to Note:
i.QKD is a secure method of encryption key exchange based on the principles of quantum mechanics.
ii.MCF is an advanced type of optical fibre containing multiple cores (channels) within a single cladding. It enables simultaneous transmission of data across multiple cores.
About Sterlite Technologies Limited (STL):
STL is a global leader in optical networking and fibre manufacturing, with operations in over 100 countries. STL has developed 7-core and 4-core MCF using Space Division Multiplexing to enhance transmission capacity.
Managing Director(MD) – Ankit Agarwal
Headquarters – Pune, Maharashtra
Established –  1988

India Becomes 17th Country to Establish Athlete Passport Management Unit in New Delhi
In April 2025, Union Minister Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya, Ministry of Youth Affairs & Sports(MYAS) and the Ministry of Labour & Employment(MoL&E), inaugurated the Athlete Passport Management Unit (APMU) at the National Dope Testing Laboratory (NDTL) in New Delhi(Delhi).

• This initiative positions India as the 17th country globally to implement a dedicated system for monitoring athletes’ biological profiles over time, aligning with the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) guidelines.​
• Countries with APMU facilities include: the United States of America(USA), China, Great Britain, Germany, France, Australia, Japan, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Italy, Norway, Poland, Qatar, Spain, and Switzerland .

i.The APMU is a specialized body responsible for managing the Athlete Biological Passport (ABP) program.
ii.This program involves the longitudinal tracking of athletes’ biological markers, such as blood parameters and hormonal levels, to detect doping patterns without directly identifying banned substances.
iii.The establishment of the APMU underscores India’s commitment to promoting clean and transparent sports practices.
Note: ​The WADA introduced the ABP Operating Guidelines, which became effective on 1 December 2009.

BANKING & FINANCE

RBI Allowed Minors Above 10 Years to Operate Accounts IndependentlyIn April 2025, Mumbai (Maharashtra)-based Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has issued revised directions regarding the opening and operation in the deposit accounts of minors. As per RBI directions, minors above the age 10 are now allowed to open and operate their own savings as well as term deposit accounts independently, subject to limits and terms defined by individual banks. These directions came into force from April 21, 2025.

• Also, banks including, commercial banks, urban co-operative banks, state co-operative banks, and district central co-operative banks, have been directed by RBI to frame new or amend existing policies to align them with the revised guidelines, latest by July 01, 2025.

i.It has further permitted the banks to offer additional banking facilities like: internet banking, debit cards, cheque book facility, among others to minor accounts based on their risk management policies.
ii.RBI has also allowed minors below the age of 10 to open their accounts subject to condition that it has to be done through his/her natural or legal guardian.

• It has further clarified that minors under the age of 10 years are now allowed to open such bank accounts with their mother as a guardian.

>> Read Full News

SEBI Extended Automated Trading Window Framework to Immediate Relatives of DPsIn April 2025, Mumbai (Maharashtra)-based Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has decided to extend its automated trading window closure mechanism to include immediate relatives of Designated Persons (DPs) in listed companies, ahead of the declaration of financial results.

• This move aims to curb inadvertent non-compliance with insider trading regulations by ensuring that those who may have access to Unpublished Price-Sensitive Information (UPSI) such as quarterly results are restricted from trading during specific periods.

Key Points:
i.Designated Depository (DD) is required to provide portal access to listed companies. These companies have been mandated to upload details such as Permanent Account Number (PAN), names and demat account numbers of both designated persons and their immediate relatives.

• Depositories have been mandated to submit quarterly reports to SEBI in the format mentioned in the circular.

ii.The implementation of the PAN-based trading freeze mechanism will be carried out in two phases. Phase-I will commence on July 01, 2025, and will be applicable to the top 500 listed companies based on market capitalization.

• While remaining listed companies will be covered in phase-II, starting from October 01, 2025.

iii.The listed companies  have been directed to confirm the submitted data minimum two trading days prior to the commencement of the trading window closure date (T-2 days).

• After that, DD will share this information with the stock exchanges and other depository at least one day before the closure period.

iv.Depositories will issue standardized formats and timelines for data submission, ensuring consistency.

• As per SEBI, any disputes or discrepancies will be resolved through coordination among the depositories, stock exchanges, and the listed companies involved.

Recent Related News:
In March 2025, SEBI issued new guidelines for monitoring of intraday position limits for exchanges and clearing corporations (CCs). As per the new norms, stock exchanges will monitor position limits for index derivatives on an intraday basis, with effect from April 01, 2025.

• SEBI has also clarified that no penalties will be imposed for breaching existing position limits during the trading day until further notice.

Jharkhand & SBI Sign MoU to Provide Insurance Benefits to Employees
In April 2025, the Government of Jharkhand and Mumbai (Maharashtra)-based State Bank of India (SBI) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to extend insurance and financial benefits to Jharkhand government employees holding salary accounts with SBI.

• The MoU was signed by Rajeshwari B, Special Secretary of the Finance Department in Jharkhand, and Devesh Mittal, Deputy General Manager of SBI, in the presence of Hemant Soren, Chief Minister (CM) of Jharkhand, and Radha Krishana Kishore, Finance Minister (FM) of Jharkhand.

i.Employees will receive accidental insurance coverage of up to Rs. 1 crore in case of death or disability due to accidents.
ii.Health insurance and life insurance benefits at no additional cost.
iii.Previously, approximately 70,000 police personnel were covered under similar benefits (September 2024). With this MoU, an additional 1.05 lakh employees will now be included, bringing the total to around 1.75 lakh state government employees.

AU Small Finance Bank Launches Concierge Services for Premium Clients
In April 2025, Jaipur (Rajasthan)-based AU Small Finance Bank Limited(AU SFB), India’s largest small finance bank, has introduced ‘Concierge Services’ for its premium banking programs – ‘AU ivy’ and ‘AU Eternity’.

• This initiative aims to provide High-Net-worth Individuals (HNIs) with personalized, beyond-banking lifestyle assistance.

About Concierge Services:
AU SFB’s Concierge Services provide a range of bespoke solutions, including:​
i.Travel Assistance: Arranging international travel plans, securing airport lounge access, and providing visa support.
ii.Event Management: Organizing exclusive events, securing premium seating at stadiums, and facilitating RSVP services.
iii.Lifestyle Management: Assisting with dining reservations, shopping experiences, and golf bookings.​
iv.Business Support: Offering conference information, courier services, and other business-related assistance.​
Eligibility Criteria:
To access these services, clients must meet specific criteria:​
i.AU ivy: Maintain an average quarterly balance of Rs.25 lakh in savings accounts or a Total Relationship Value (TRV) of Rs.2 crore at the group level.
ii.AU Eternity: Tailored for clients seeking high-interest rates and luxury privileges, with specific eligibility details available on the bank’s official website.​

RBI cancels banking licence of Shankarrao Mohite Patil Sah Bank
In April 2025, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) canceled the certificate of registration (CoR) of Shankarrao Mohite Patil Sahakari Bank Limited located in  Indapur, Maharashtra.

• The decision, effective from the close of business on April 11, 2025, prohibits the bank from carrying out any banking activities, including accepting or repaying deposits.

Reasons for Licence Cancellation:
i.Insufficient Capital and Earning Prospects: The bank was found to lack the necessary capital and earning capacity, failing to meet the regulatory requirements under Section 11(1) and Section 22(3)(d) of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949.
ii.Non-compliance with Banking Regulations: The bank did not comply with the provisions of Sections 22(3)(a), (b), (c), (d), and (e) under the Banking Regulation Act, 1949.
iii.Risk to Depositors’ Interests: The continued operation of the bank was deemed detrimental to the interests of its depositors. The bank was unable to pay back its depositors fully.
Impact on Depositors:
i.Deposit Insurance: The Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation (DICGC) has already disbursed Rs 47.89 crore to eligible depositors under Section 18A of the DICGC Act, 1961.
ii.Insurance Coverage: Depositors can claim up to Rs 5 lakh per account as per DICGC norms.

ECONOMY & BUSINESS

Telangana Collaborates with Japanese Firms to Establish Eco Town in HyderabadIn April 2025, Anumula Revanth Reddy, Chief Minister(CM) of Telangana, signed Letters of Intent (LoI) with several Japanese companies to establish an ‘Eco Town’ in Hyderabad, Telangana. This initiative focuses on recycling, waste management, environmental restoration, and promoting a circular economy.​

• The agreements were signed during CM Anumula Revanth Reddy’s visit to Kitakyushu, Japan from April 16 to 22, 2025.
• During the visit he inaugurated the Telangana pavilion at the Osaka World Expo in Kansai, Japan. With this, Telangana became the first Indian state to participate in the World Expo 2025.

i.The LoIs were signed with leading Japanese firms, including EX Research Institute Limited, P9 Limited Liability Company (LLC), Nippon Steel Engineering Co., Ltd., New Chemical Trading Co., Ltd and Amita Holdings Co., Ltd..​
ii.During the visit, Toshiba Transmission Distribution Systems (India) Pvt Ltd (TTDI), a wholly-owned subsidiary of  Tokyo(Japan) based Toshiba Corporation has announced an investment of Rs. 562 crore to set up a new manufacturing facility for surge arresters and expand its existing production units for transformers and gas-insulated switchgear at its plant in Rudraram, Telangana.
About Japan:
Prime Minister(PM) – Shigeru Ishiba
Capital – Tokyo
Currency –  Japanese Yen(JPY)
>> Read Full News

Fitch Ratings lowers India’s GDP Growth Forecast to 6.4% for FY26
In April 2025, New York, the United States of America (USA), and London, the United Kingdom (UK) based Fitch Ratings has revised India’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth forecast for the current fiscal year 2025-26 (FY26) downward by 10 basis points (bps) to 6.4% from 6.5% earlier, citing escalating global trade tensions.

• The growth estimate for FY2024-25 (FY25) has been trimmed by 10 basis points (bps) to 6.2%, while the growth projection for FY2026-27 (FY27) has been retained at 6.3%.

i.The downgrade reflects risks from a “severe escalation” in global trade conflicts, particularly due to US trade policy uncertainty, which has dampened business investments and equity markets.
ii.Fitch lowered its 2025 global growth forecast by 0.4 percentage points (pp), with China and the US each seeing a 0.5 pp cut.
iii.World growth is projected at below 2% in 2025, the weakest since the 2009 financial crisis (excluding pandemic years).
Note: In February 2025, Moody’s ratings revised its forecast of India’s 2025 GDP growth to 5.5–6.5% from 6.6%.

Tata Sons’ Agratas Secures USD 990.79 Million Loan to Build UK’s Largest Battery Facility
In April 2025, Mumbai (Maharashtra)-based Tata Sons Private Limited, through its wholly owned subsidiary Agratas Energy Storage Solutions Private Limited, secured a 750 million Euros (approximately USD 990.79 million) two-year bridge loan to construct the United Kingdom(UK)’s largest battery manufacturing facility.

• It is part of Tata Group’s 4 billion Euros commitment to Electric Vehicle (EV) battery manufacturing in the UK.
• This strategic move aligns with Tata’s commitment to advancing sustainable energy solutions and bolstering the UK’s automotive sector.​

Key Details:
i.Loan Arrangement: The loan, among the top three foreign currency borrowings by Indian companies in 2025, involves approximately 15 banks and is structured with a spread over the Sterling Overnight Index Average (SONIA). ​
ii.Facility Location: The battery plant will be situated in Gravity Smart Campus, Somerset, the UK, and is expected to commence production by 2026.
iii.Production Capacity: By the early 2030s, the facility aims to contribute nearly 50% of the UK’s projected battery manufacturing capacity required for its automotive sector.
iv.Strategic Importance: The plant will play a pivotal role in supporting the UK’s transition to electric mobility, with Jaguar Land Rover anticipated as the anchor customer. ​
Bridge loan : Bridge loan is a short term finance that helps borrowers bridge the gap between two major financial transactions like the period between buying a new property and selling the existing property.

AWARDS & RECOGNITIONS

Simone Biles & Mondo Duplantis Win Top Honours at Laureus World Sports Awards 2025 On April 21, 2025, the Laureus World Sports Awards 2025 was held at the Palacio de Cibeles in Madrid, Spain. This year’s event marked the 25th anniversary of the global sports awards that celebrate the achievements of the world’s most outstanding athletes and sportspersons.

• Armand Gustav Duplantis, also known as Mondo Duplantis, a pole vaulter from Sweden, was honoured with the Laureus World Sportsman of the Year Award 2025. Meanwhile, Simone Biles, a gymnast from the United States of America (USA), received the Laureus World Sportswoman of the Year Award 2025.

Key Points
i.Real Madrid Men’s Football Team of Spain won the Laureus World Team of the Year.
ii.Lamine Yamal, a football player of Spain, won the Laureus World Breakthrough of the Year
iii.Jiang Yuyan, a para swimmer from China, was honoured with Laureus World Sportsperson of the Year with a Disability.
>> Read Full News

England’s Gus Atkinson, Jamie Smith and Sophie Ecclestone Among Wisden’s Five Cricketers of the Year 2025The 2025 edition of the Wisden Cricketers’ Almanack has revealed its Five Wisden Cricketers of the Year, highlighting exceptional performances in the world of cricket. They are England’s Gus Atkinson, Jamie Smith and Sophie Ecclestone, Hampshire’s Liam Dawson f and Australian born Dan Worral playing from Surrey, England.
Other Awards:
i.New Zealand (NZ)’s Mitchell Santner was awarded the Wisden Trophy 2024 for his brilliant match figures of 13 wickets for 157 runs against India.
ii.Indian cricketers Jasprit Jasbirsingh Bumrah and Smriti Mandhana have been honoured as the world’s leading male and female cricketers for 2024 in the latest edition of the Wisden Cricketers’ Almanack for their exceptional performance.
iii.West Indies batter Nicholas Pooran has been named the Leading T20 Player in the World.
iv.Quinn Rooney’s photo showing Australia’s Nathan Lyon and almost the entire Australian team appealing for an LBW (Leg Before Wicket) against India’s Mohammed Siraj at the Melbourne Cricket Ground (MCG), has been named the Wisden Photograph of the Year 2024.
>> Read Full News

OBITUARY

Renowned cardiologist and Padma Shri Awardee Dr. Mathew Samuel Kalarickal Passed Away
In April 2025, Padma Shri awardee Dr. Mathew Samuel Kalarickal, a renowned cardiologist and the ‘Father of Angioplasty’ in India, passed away at the age of 77 in Chennai. He was born on 6th January 1948 in Kottayam, Kerala.

• He was honoured with the Padma Shri award, India’s 4th highest civilian award in 2000 for his contributions in the field of Medicine.

About Dr. Mathew Samuel Kalarickal:
i.In 1986, Dr. Kalarickal performed India’s first coronary angioplasty, a landmark achievement in medical history.
ii.He established angioplasty facilities in various countries across the Asia-Pacific region, including Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and several Middle Eastern and Southeast Asian nations.
iii.He established the National Angioplasty Registry of India (NARI) to standardize heart procedures and encourage innovation.
iv.He served as the President of the Asian-Pacific Society of Interventional Cardiology from 1995 to 1997.
Awards and Recognition:
i.He received the prestigious Dr. B.C. Roy Award in 1996.
ii.In 2003, he was honored with the Doctor of Science (Honoris Causa) by Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, Chennai.
iii.He was honored with the “Rashtriya Samman” (Top Taxpayers Award) in 2000.

BOOKS & AUTHORS

Amarjit Singh Dulat launched his Book titled “The Chief Minister and the Spy”
In April 2025, former Research and Analysis Wing (RAW) chief Amarjit Singh Dulat launched his latest book titled “The Chief Minister and the Spy” in New Delhi, Delhi. The book was published by Juggernaut Books.

• The book offers a personal and political account of Dr. Farooq Abdullah, former Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K), through the perspective of a top intelligence official.

i.Amarjit Singh Dulat (born 1940) is a seasoned Indian bureaucrat, former spymaster, and served as the Special Director of the Intelligence Bureau (IB).
ii.He served as an Advisor on Jammu and Kashmir in the Prime Minister’s Office (PMO) after his retirement from 2000 to 2004.
iii.He authored the widely discussed book Kashmir: The Vajpayee Years in 2015, and co-authored “The Spy Chronicles: RAW, ISI and the Illusion of Peace” with Asad Durrani, the former chief of Pakistan’s Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) in 2018.

IMPORTANT DAYS

International Mother Earth Day 2025 – April 22 The United Nations (UN) observes International Mother Earth Day or Earth Day annually on April 22 to highlight the interdependence between humans and the Earth’s ecosystems. This observance emphasizes the collective responsibility to promote harmony with nature, ensuring a balance among economic, social, and environmental needs for present and future generations.​

• In 2025, this observance gains special significance as it falls within the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration (2021-2030), a global initiative to combat environmental degradation.
• The theme for Earth Day 2025 is “Our Power, Our Planet”.

Background:
i.Establishment: Officially recognized in 2009 via UN General Assembly Resolution A/RES/63/278, introduced by Bolivia and supported by 50+ member states.

• The inaugural observance of the UN’s International Mother Earth Day took place on 22 April 2009.

ii.First Observance: Proposed by American peace activist John McConnell at a 1969 UNESCO conference in San Francisco, the United States of America(USA).

• The inaugural Earth Day was celebrated on 22 April 1970, marking the birth of the modern environmental movement.
• The year 2025 commemorates the 55th anniversary of this movement, emphasizing the enduring global commitment to environmental protection.

>> Read Full News

STATE NEWS

J&K Launches ‘e-SEHAT App’ for Digital Healthcare Services
In April 2025, Omar Abdullah, Chief Minister(CM) of Union Territory(UT) of Jammu & Kashmir (J&K), launched  the ‘Electronic Solutions for Enabling Health Access Through Technology(e-SEHAT)Application (App)’, a comprehensive digital platform designed to improve healthcare accessibility across J&K .​

• The app provides tele-diagnosis, hospital referrals, and health insurance details, making it a valuable tool for patients, doctors, and medical students.

Key Features of the e-SEHAT App
i.Tele-Diagnosis & Remote Healthcare:

• Enables virtual consultations, reducing the need for physical hospital visits.
• Particularly beneficial for rural and far-flung regions with limited medical facilities.

ii.Hospital Networking & Referral System:

• Facilitates seamless patient transfers between hospitals.
• Ensures quick emergency support through an integrated referral mechanism.

iii.Health Insurance Scheme Details:
Provides information on key government health schemes, including:

• Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY)
• Central Government Health Scheme (CGHS)
• Ex-Servicemen Contributory Health Scheme (ECHS)

iv.Skill Development & Training:

• Offers Basic Life Support (BLS) and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) training.
• Conducts workshops and continuing medical education (CME) programs for healthcare professionals.

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