Current Affairs 22, 23 & 24 November 2025

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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Overview of PM Narendra Modi’s Visit to AP and TN on November 19, 2025On 19th November 2025, Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi visited Andhra Pradesh(AP) and Tamil Nadu(TN) to pay tribute to spiritual traditions and support farmers’ welfare programs.
Visit to AP:
Event: During his visit to Puttaparthi(AP), PM Narendra Modi visited the holy shrine and Mahasamadhi of Bhagwan Sri Sathya Sai Baba for the Centenary Celebrations.
Commemorative Coin: During the event, PM Narendra Modi released a commemorative Rs 100 coin and a set of stamps to honour the life, teachings, and legacy of the late spiritual leader Sri Sathya Sai Baba.
Visit to TN:
Event: On November 19, 2025, PM Narendra Modi inaugurated the South India Natural Farming Summit 2025 in Coimbatore, TN.
PM-KISAN: During the event, PM Narendra Modi released the 21st installment under the Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN) scheme.

• There was a massive direct benefit transfer of over Rs 18,000 crore (cr) directly into the bank accounts of more than 9 cr farmer beneficiaries across India.

About Tamil Nadu(TN):
Chief Minister (CM)- Muthuvel Karunanidhi (M.K.) Stalin
Governor– R.N.Ravi
Capital– Chennai
Tiger Reserve (TR) – Mudumalai TR,  Sathyamangalam TR
>>Read Full News

MoF Notifies CAG scheme 2025; Expands Digital Payment OptionsIn November 2025, the Ministry of Finance (MoF) notified the Capital Gains Accounts (CAG) (2nd Amendment) Scheme, 2025, which revises the 1988 framework by allowing taxpayers to temporarily deposit capital gains in a designated bank account to retain eligibility for tax exemption while purchasing or constructing a new property.

• The amendment, effective from 19 November, 2025.

Key Amendments:
New Payment Options: A key reform is the inclusion of electronic payment modes: credit and debit cards, net banking, Immediate Payment Service (IMPS), Unified Payment Interface (UPI), Real Time Gross Settlement (RTGS), National Electronic Funds Transfer (NEFT) and Bharat Interface for Money(BHIM) Aadhaar Pay, for making deposits into CGAS accounts.
Documentation changes: Electronic account statements are now formally accorded the same status as physical passbooks for withdrawals, verification and updates.
Expanded Bank Coverage for CGAS Deposits: The amendment broadens the definition of a “Deposit Office” to include 19 private sector and small finance banks, in addition to Public Sector Banks(PSBs) and IDBI Bank. These authorised banks can now accept CGAS deposits at all non-rural branches.
CAGS Account closure: Effective April 1, 2027, CGAS accounts can be closed solely through electronic filing, authenticated via digital signature or electronic verification code.
Effective date of deposits: When the deposit is made by a cheque or a Demand Draft(DD), or electronically, the effective date of deposit for the purpose of claiming exemption shall be the date on which the cheque or draft, or payment by such electronic mode, is received by the deposit office along with the application for the CGAS account.
Section 54GA: Apart from the above, CGAS has been expanded to include Section 54GA, which will allow exemption on depositing unutilised capital gains from shifting an industrial undertaking from an urban area to an SEZ (Special Economic Zone).
>>Read Full News

MoS Launched ‘SARAL SIMS’ To Ease Steel Import Registration ProcessIn November 2025, the Ministry of Steel (MoS) launched ‘SARAL SIMS’, a new registration process under the Steel Import Monitoring System (SIMS).

• As per MoS, all norms related to new SARAL SIMS and restructured regular SIMS process came into effect from November 21, 2025.

Key Features:
Eligible Items: This newly launched initiative is applicable to steel and iron items falling under Chapters 72, 73, and 86 of the Indian Trade Classification, ITC (Harmonized System, HS) 2022 classification system.
Web Portal: The interested importers can now access the new facility through a dedicated web portal (www.sims.steel.gov.in/SARAL), where they are required to declare only the total intended import quantity for the year.

• Based on this information, they will get a SARAL SIMS number, which can be used for multiple consignments for the year.

SARAL SIMS for Small Imports: It includes the imports of small consignments, which is less than or equal to 10 Metric Tonnes (MT) subject to annual threshold limit of 1,000 MT.

• As per MoS, for the Financial Year 2025-26 (FY26), the SARAL SIMS for small imports is capped at 500 MT for a period up to April 2026.
• While, annual cap of 1,000 MT will be applicable from next financial year i.e. FY27.

Mandatory Annual Returns: It is now mandatory for all importers registered under SARAL SIMS to submit annual returns by providing the details of actual import made against SARAL SIMS registrations generated in a particular financial year by 30th April of the next financial year.
>>Read Full News

DRDO and DGA of France Signs Pact to Jointly Develop Defence TechnologiesOn November 20, 2025, the Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO), India, and the Directorate General of Armaments (DGA), France, signed a Technical Agreement to strengthen long-term collaboration in defence research, innovation, and advanced technology development.

• The agreement was signed by Dr Samir V Kamat, Secretary, Department of Defence R&D(Research and Development) & Chairman DRDO; and Lt   Gen (General) Gael Diaz de Tuesta, National Armaments Director, DGA-France, at DRDO Bhawan, New Delhi, Delhi.

Framework of the Pact:
Aim: The pact aims to deepen the strategic partnership between India and France by enabling structured cooperation across multiple high-technology domains.
Structured Mechanism :It will establish a structured framework for joint research, training programmes, testing activities, information exchange, and the organisation of workshops and seminars to enhance skills and expertise in defence research and development.
Technology Transfer: It provides a platform for the transfer of equipment, technical know-how and emerging technologies to support mutual capability development.
Managing Property: It creates a unified framework for managing Intellectual Property (IP) generated through collaborative R&D activities.
Key Areas of Cooperation: The cooperation spans aeronautical platforms, unmanned systems, advanced defence materials, cyber security, Artificial Intelligence(AI), space tech, navigation, and propulsion, enabling joint development of next-generation systems.

• Both countries will also collaborate on quantum tech, advanced sensors, underwater systems, and other emerging areas to meet future defence challenges.

Significance & Strategic Impact:
Enhance National Security: This collaboration is expected to significantly enhance national security, strengthen indigenous R&D capabilities, and contribute to global defence-technology advancements.
Year of Innovation:  The agreement supports the India–France Defence Industrial Cooperation Roadmap, boosting joint development of next-generation defence technologies.

• Both nations are also considering declaring 2026 as the ‘India–France Year of Innovation’, marking the continuation of their strategic partnership initiated on 26 January 1998.

About France:
President-Emmanuel Macron
Prime Minister(PM)- Sebastien Lecornu
Capital- Paris
Currency-Euro (EUR)

Union MoS Dr. Jitendra Singh Launches India’s first Indigenous CRISPR Gene Therapy ‘ BIRSA 101’ for Sickle Cell Disease
In November 2025, Union Minister of State(MoS) (Independent Charge, IC) Dr. Jitendra Singh, Ministry of Science & Technology (MoS&T), launched India’s first indigenous Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats(CRISPR)-based gene therapy, named BIRSA 101, to treat Sickle Cell Disease (SCD).

• The therapy is dedicated to Bhagwan Birsa Munda, whose 150th birth anniversary was celebrated on 15th November 2025, and represents a significant step toward achieving a Sickle Cell–Free India by 2047.

About BIRSA 101 Therapy:
Focus :The therapy is of high national importance, particularly for tribal communities in central and eastern India, which bear the highest burden of SCD.
Developed by: It is developed by Council of Industrial and Scientific Research) –Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB) using the enFnCas9 CRISPR platform.
Collaboration: CSIR-IGIB has signed a formal technology transfer and collaboration agreement with Serum Institute of India (SII) to scale up the engineered enFnCas9 CRISPR platform for developing affordable therapies for SCD and other critical genetic disorders.
How it Works: Patient stem cells carrying the sickle mutation are extracted, CRISPR-edited, and reinfused to produce healthy blood cells, curing the disease at its genetic source.

GeM and UN Women Signs MoU to boost participation of Women Entrepreneurs in Public Procurement
On November 20, 2025, the Government e-Marketplace (GeM) under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry (MoC&I) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with United Nations Programme for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women(UN Women) to strengthen the participation and empowerment of women entrepreneurs within India’s public procurement ecosystem.

• The MoU was signed by Smt. Kanta Singh, Country Representative of UN Women India, and Ajit B. Chavan, Additional CEO of GeM, at the GeM office in New Delhi, Delhi.

Key Detail of MoU:
Aim: To enhance market access for women-led enterprises through gender-responsive procurement under GeM’s Womaniya initiative, supporting SDG 5 – Gender Equality.
Key Role: UN Women will create training content, document success stories and set validation criteria, while GeM will run training sessions, onboard workshops, and provide vernacular learning material to support women-led enterprises.
Promotes: It will promote the Womaniya #VocalForLocal Outlet Store, support onboarding of UN programme participants, mobilize women trainers and encourage Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises(MSME) Udyam Registration.

• It will also engage women trainers and link women entrepreneurs with Government Labs and R&D (Research & Development) institutions for product development and market readiness.

MHA Scraps Sign-On, Sign-Off and Shore Leave Rules for Indian Seafarers
In November 2025, the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) announced a major reform by abolishing the two-decade-old requirement of sign-on, sign-off, and Shore Leave Passes (SLP) for crew members and supernumerary personnel on Indian-flag vessels operating solely within Indian waters.

• Previously, sailors had to undergo lengthy immigration-style paperwork and obtain a shore leave pass every 10 days

Key Changes:
Shore Access Control : Port authorities will now oversee and regulate shore access for crew and supernumerary personnel, taking over responsibilities previously handled by immigration offices.
Inspections: The Bureau of Immigration(BOI) under the MHA will conduct periodic surprise checks and obtain crew lists from vessels to monitor adherence to the new regulations.
Directive: The MHA has directed the Ministry of Ports, Shipping & Waterways(MoPSW) to ensure port authorities maintain detailed records of all crew and supernumerary personnel.

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Saudi Arabia is designated as 20th major non-NATO ally by USA President Donald Trump
In November 2025, USA (United States of America) President Donald Trump designated Saudi Arabia as a major non-North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) ally during a black-tie White House dinner with Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, marking a major boost to U.S.–Saudi defence cooperation.

• With this designation, Saudi Arabia became the 20th country to receive major non-NATO ally status.

About the Designation of Saudi Arabia:
Defence Agreement: The announcement accompanied the signing of a strategic defence agreement, which strengthens military coordination, fortifies deterrence across the Middle East, and provides Saudi Arabia priority access to U.S. military equipment. The designation offers military and economic privileges but does not create any binding security commitments.
Sale of F-35 Jets: Trump also approved the future sale of F-35 advanced fighter jets to Saudi Arabia. Both sides agreed on expanded cooperation in civil nuclear energy, artificial intelligence, critical minerals, and joint research initiatives.
Investments from Saudi Arabia: Saudi Arabia additionally pledged to increase its investments in the United States from USD 600 billion to USD 1 trillion, signaling deeper economic engagement.

BANKING & FINANCE

Central Bank of Oman Unveiled New Currency Symbol for Omani RialIn November 2025, the Central Bank of Oman (CBO) unveiled a new, unified symbol for the Omani Rial, marking a significant milestone in the Sultanate’s financial history.

• This initiative aims to streamline the currency’s representation across international banking, commerce, and digital services, reflecting Oman’s rich cultural heritage and growing stature as a regional financial hub.

Key Details:
Elevate Rial’s Global Presence: Governor of CBO Ahmed Ja’afar Al Musalmi termed the adoption of the symbol as a major initiative aimed at consolidating visibility and credibility of Rial worldwide.
Purpose: This newly launched currency symbol is designed to unify the representation of the Rial across financial, commercial, and digital platforms, while reflecting the nation’s cultural heritage and economic stability.
Aligns with: The launch of a unified symbol for Rial aligns with the objectives of Oman Vision 2040, which focuses on innovation, modernization and global integration.

Fintech Firm Easebuzz Received RBI Approval for Full-Service PA Operations
In November 2025, Easebuzz, a leading Indian fintech company, has obtained Reserve Bank of India (RBI) approval under the Payment and Settlement Systems(PSS) Act, 2007, empowering it to operate as a full-service Payment Aggregator (PA).

• This approval is significant as it allows Easebuzz to facilitate digital payment acceptance and processing for merchants in online, offline, and cross-border environments under RBI’s regulatory oversight.
• Following this approval, Easebuzz became the 3rd payment fintech company in India to hold all 3 PA licences.

Key Details:
Significance: This approval will enable Easebuzz to offer merchants a full-stack payment suite, covering online payments, Point of Sale (PoS)-based in-person transactions and Unified Payments Interface (UPI) soundbox acceptance, and cross-border inward and outward transactions.
Financial Status of Company: Easebuzz claims to serve more than  2.5 lakh merchants, processing 3 million transactions per day, and has an annualised Gross Transaction Value (GTV)  of over USD 50 billion.

• In Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25), the company reported revenue of Rs 656 crore and a net profit of Rs 19 crore.

AWARDS & RECOGNITIONS

Mathura Poshak and Meerut Bugle Recognized as GI tag Products in UPIn November 2025, Two distinguished Geographical Indications (GI) tag from Uttar Pradesh(UP), the traditional textile attire Glitter of Mathura Zari Poshak and the historically significant musical instrument Symphony of  Meerut Bugle, have been placed at the top of the state’s GI registrations.

• These recognitions affirm the cultural, economic, and artisan value embedded in these iconic products that symbolize the rich heritage of UP.

About Meerut Bugle:
Origin:The Meerut Bugle originated in the late 19th century when Nadir Ali & Company set up a small manufacturing unit in Meerut’s Jali Kothi area, marking the city’s first bugle-making factory.
About Zari Poshak:
Origin:Zari Poshak has its roots in India’s centuries-old weaving and embroidery traditions, known for the use of fine metallic threads (zari) crafted by skilled artisans.
About Geographical Indication (GI) Tag: A GI tag certifies that a product originates from a specific region and carries unique qualities linked to that place. In India, it is governed by the GI Act, 1999 (effective from 15 September 2003) and granted by the GI Registry under Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade(DPIIT), Ministry of Commerce & Industry(MoCI). The tag is valid for 10 years and can be renewed every 10 years.
>>Read Full News

Miss Mexico Fatima Bosch Crowned Miss Universe 2025 in ThailandIn November 2025, Fátima Bosch Fernández from Mexico was crowned Miss Universe 2025 at the 74th Miss Universe pageant held at the Impact Challenger Hall in Nonthaburi in Bangkok, Thailand.

• She was crowned by her predecessor Victoria Kjaer Theilvig (Denmark) who held the Miss Universe title in 2024.
• With this win, Fátima Bosch becomes the fourth Mexican to claim the Miss Universe crown, following Lupita Jones (1991), Ximena Navarrete (2010), and Andrea Meza (2020).

Key Highlights :
Theme: Theme for the 2025 Miss Universe pageant, organised by the Miss Universe Organization(MUO), was ‘The Power of Love’, focusing on unity, empowerment and resilience.
Hosted by: Famous American comedian Steve Byrne, hosted the competition, which saw the participation of representatives from 130 countries.
Other Key Winners: Indian origin Miss Thailand Praveenar Singh secured the 1st runner-up spot, followed by Miss Venezuela Stephany Abasali, who was named 2nd  runner-up.

• Miss Philippines Athisa Manalo and Miss Cote d’Ivoire Olivia Yace were announced as the 3rd and 4th runner-up.

India’s Representation: Manika Vishwakarma (from Rajasthan) represented India in the competition, made it to the top 30 contestants but failed to make it to the top 12 list, which resulted in her exit from the competition and extended India’s wait for the crown since Harnaaz Kaur Sandhu’s win title in 2021.
Indian in Judges Panel: India’s Ace badminton player and Olympic medalist Saina Nehwal was one of the judges’ panel of this year’s Miss Universe pageant.
Next Edition: Puerto Rico will host the 75th, silver jubilee edition of Miss Universe pageant in 2026.
About Fatima Bosch Fernandez:
Profile: She was diagnosed with dyslexia and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) at the age of 6, transformed these challenges into her strengths.
Career: She started her beauty pageant career in 2018 winning the Flor de Oro crown in Tabasco, Mexico.

• Later, she scripted history becoming the 1st woman from Tabasco to win the Miss Universe Mexico title in September 2025 held at the Government Palace in Guadalajara, Jalisco (Mexico).

About Miss Universe Organisation (MUO):
President- Raul Rocha Cantu
Established- 1952

APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

Chitra Talwar Appointed as Next Part-Time Chairperson of Jana SFB
In November 2025, Chitra Talwar was appointed as the new Part-Time Chairperson of Jana Small Finance Bank Limited (Jana SFB), effective from 8 February 2026.

• She will replace R. Ramaseshan, who completed his maximum permissible tenure of eight years on 7 February 2026.

About Chitra Talwar:
Profile: She has over 30 years of experience in consumer companies such as Britannia and PepsiCo, with strong expertise in sales, marketing, strategy, and general management.
Expertise: She has strong expertise in sales, marketing, strategy, and general management, and has led global teams in implementing and sustaining high-impact sales and business practices.
Role at Jana SFB: She has been serving as an Independent Director since January 2020.

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

ISRO tests Boot-Strap mode start of CE20 Cryogenic Engine
In November 2025, the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) successfully demonstrated the boot-strap mode start of its CE20 cryogenic engine, marking a major step in enhancing restart capability for future missions.

• The test was conducted for 10 seconds under vacuum conditions on 7 November 2025 at the High-Altitude Test (HAT) facility at ISRO Propulsion Complex, Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu(TN).

About Boot-Strap Mode Start:
Test Process: ISRO ignited the CE‑20 thrust chamber and gas generator using a multi‑element igniter, enabling turbopumps to start without auxiliary systems, achieving a self-sustained boot‑strap operation.
Significance: This ability is crucial for multi-orbit missions, where multiple engine restarts are required. Under the existing configuration, each restart needs a dedicated gas bottle, which reduces payload capacity.
CE20 Engine: The CE20 engine powers the upper stage of the Launch Vehicle Mark-3(LVM-3) rocket and is currently qualified for 19–22 tonnes thrust with a single in-flight start. It has also been cleared for upcoming Gaganyaan missions.

IMPORTANT DAYS

World Toilet Day 2025 – November 19The United Nations (UN’s) World Toilet Day(WTD) is annually observed across the world on 19 November to raise awareness about sanitation, public health, and dignity, and to promote access to safe toilets for all.

• 2025 Theme: “ Sanitation in a changing world”

Background:
Origin: In 2001, the World Toilet Organisation (WTO) declared November 19 as WTD.

• The WTO was founded by Jack Sim, a philanthropist from Singapore, on November 19, 2001.

Recognition: On July 24, 2013, the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) adopted resolution A/RES/67/291, officially declaring November 19 of every year as World Toilet Day.
First UN Observance: The first UN-recognized World Toilet Day was observed on November 19, 2013.
2025 Events:
Summit: On November 19 2025, Sulabh International and the WTO launched a 3-day World Toilet Summit 2025 in New Delhi, Delhi.
Campaign: The MoHUA launched ‘Toilet Paas Hai’ and ‘Main Saaf Hi Achha Hoon’, a year-long campaign to promote responsible toilet use and hygiene habits across communities.
Reckitt Launches Postage Stamps:  Reckitt, under its ‘Dettol Banega Swasth India’ initiative, unveiled six commemorative postage stamps on WTD 2025.
>>Read Full News

International Men’s Day 2025 – November 19The International Men’s Day (IMD) is annually observed across the globe on 19 November to honor and celebrate the vital role of men in society, family, and communities.

• 19 November 2025 marks the 27th IMD.

Theme: 
2025 Theme: “Celebrating Men and Boys”.
Focus: The theme highlights the importance of recognizing the positive impact that men and boys have on families, communities, and society at large, and encourages conversations about their emotional and mental well-being.

Background:
Initiated by: The IMD was originally launched by Thomas Oaster on 7 February 1992 in the Republic of Malta, after being conceived on 8 February 1991.

• The project was later revived in 1999 by Dr. Jerome Teelucksingh, a history lecturer at the University of the West Indies in Trinidad and Tobago(T&T), chose November 19 to honor his father’s birthday.

First Observance: The first IMD was formally observed on 19 November 1999, with the citizens of T&T being the first to celebrate it.
6 Pillars of IMD:

1. Promote positive male role models
2. Celebrate men’s contributions to society
3. Focus on men’s health and wellbeing
4. Highlight discrimination against men
5. Improve gender relations and equality
6. Create a safer, better world

Observance in India:
First Observance:  In India, the inaugural celebration of IMD was organized by Save Indian Family (men’s rights organization) on 19 November 2007.
Supported by: Indian men’s rights advocate Uma Challa has played a major role in popularizing IMD in India through her campaigns and awareness activities.

National Integration Day 2025 – November 19National Integration Day (Quami Ekta Diwas) is observed every year across India on November 19 to mark the birth anniversary of Indira Gandhi, India’s first woman Prime Minister(PM).

• November 19, 2025 marks the 108th birth anniversary of Indira Gandhi.
• The day marks the beginning of National Integration Week (Qaumi Ekta Week), celebrated every year from November 19 to 25.

Background:
Origin: National Integration Day was instituted in 1985 to honour Indira Gandhi’s role in promoting unity among India’s diverse cultures and regions.
About Indira Gandhi:
Birth: Indira Gandhi, daughter of India’s firstPM Jawaharlal Nehru, was born on November 19, 1917, in Allahabad (now Prayagraj), Uttar Pradesh(UP).
Tenure: She served as India’s 3rd PM from 1966 to 1977 and again from 1980 until her assassination in 1984.
Legacy: She was India’s second-longest-serving PM after Nehru and was popularly known as the ‘Iron Lady of India’.
Honours: Indira Gandhi received the Bharat Ratna, India’s highest civilian award in 1971 and the Lenin Peace Prize in 1984.
Authorship: She authored the book ‘My Truth’, revealing unexplored aspects of her life.
About National Integration Week 2025: 
Celebration: It is a week-long celebration that aims to strengthen the spirit of national unity, communal harmony, and pride in India’s diverse cultural heritage.
Programme:

• November 19 – National Integration Day: Promotes secularism, anti-communalism, and nonviolence.
• November 20 – Welfare of Minorities Day: Focuses on the welfare and upliftment of minority communities.
• November 21 – Linguistic Harmony Day: Celebrates language diversity and fosters linguistic harmony.
• November 22 – Weaker Sections Day: Highlights empowerment and development of weaker sections of society.
• November 23 – Cultural Unity Day: Encourages cultural preservation, unity in diversity, and appreciation of India’s heritage.
• November 24 – Women’s Day: Acknowledges the contributions and achievements of women.
• November 25 – Conservation Day: Stresses environmental protection and sustainable development.

Campaign: The National Foundation for Communal Harmony (NFCH), an autonomous body under the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA), conducts the ‘Communal Harmony Campaign’ during Qaumi Ekta Week and observes Communal Harmony Flag Day on November 25 each year.

World Heritage Week 2025 – November 19-25World Heritage Week (WHW) is observed annually in India from November 19 to 25 to promote and conserve the country’s monuments, cultural sites, and heritage.

• The day recognises and celebrates United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) designated heritage sites for their historical and cultural significance.

Background :
Focus: WHW is part of the Government of India (GoI)’s efforts to promote India’s unique heritage for the benefit of present and future generations.
Organised by: The events are organized annually by Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) under the Ministry of Culture.
Related Observance: UNESCO’s World Heritage Day(WHD), also known as the International Day for Monuments and Sites, is observed globally every year on April 18.
UNESCO World Heritage Sites in India (As of 2025):
Total sites: As of November 2025, India has a total no of 44 UNESCO World Heritage Sites(WHS) in which, 35 are cultural, 7 are natural, and 2 are mixed sites

• The Maratha Military Landscapes of India have been recognized as India’s 44th UNESCO WHS.

First Site: The Ajanta Caves and Ellora Caves in Maharashtra, along with Agra Fort and the Taj Mahal in Uttar Pradesh(UP) were the first sites in India to be inscribed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites in 1983.
Monuments protected by ASI:
Legal Framework: The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act, 1958 (AMASR Act) is an act designed to protect ancient and historical monuments and archaeological sites and remains.
Protected Monuments: As of October 2025, approximately 3698 monuments are protected by the ASI. UP has the largest number of monuments.
About Archaeological Survey of India (ASI):
Director General (DG) – Yadubir Singh Rawat
Headquarters – New Delhi, Delhi
Established – 1861

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