Current Affairs 5 November 2025

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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Overview of PM Narendra Modi’s Visit to Chhattisgarh on November 1, 2025On November 1, 2025, Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi visited Chhattisgarh to mark the 25th Foundation Day (Silver Jubilee) of the state, which was formed on 1 November 2000.

• During his visit, he inaugurated and laid the foundation stones for multiple development and transformational projects worth over Rs.14,260 crore across key sectors including roads, industry, healthcare, and energy.

Highlights of PM Narendra Modi’s Visit to Chhattisgarh:
Celebration: PM Narendra Modi attended the Rajyotsava 2025 cultural programme in Nava Raipur to celebrate Chhattisgarh’s Statehood Day, showcasing the state’s rich tribal heritage through traditional music, dance, and crafts.
Inauguration of Assembly Building: During the visit, PM Modi inaugurated the newly constructed Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly building, also known as Chhattisgarh Vidhan Sabha in Nava Raipur, spanning over 51 acres with the budget outlay of Rs.324 crores.

• He also unveiled the statues of former PM Atal Bihari Vajpayee within the Assembly complex in Nava Raipur.

>>Read Full News

Union Minister Jyotiraditya Scindia inaugurates NEST cluster and Lays Foundation stone for Rs. 635 cr Development Projects in AssamIn October 2025, Union Minister Jyotiraditya Madhavrao Scindia, Ministry of Communications and Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region (MDoNER) inaugurated the North Eastern Science & Technology (NEST) Cluster at Indian Institute of Technology(IIT) Guwahati(Assam) and laid the foundation stone for transformative development projects worth Rs.635 crore(cr) across Assam.

Key Projects:
NEST Cluster: It was established with an investment of Rs. 22.98 cr, will serve as the main coordinating centre of the NE innovation ecosystem.

• The NEST will focus on four verticals: Grassroots Innovation; Semiconductors & Artificial Intelligence (AI); Bamboo-Based Technologies and Biodegradable Plastics.

Other Projects : The proposed Projects and their corresponding financial outlay are follows:

• Infrastructure Development: Construction of 65 new secondary school buildings worth Rs.455 crore.
• Road Connectivity: Upgradation of the Chayagaon–Ukium Road project valued at Rs.102.69 crore.
• Bridge Construction: Building an Reinforced Cement Concrete(RCC) bridge at Silonijan–Dhansiri Par Ghat costing Rs.20.59 crore.
• Industrial Growth: Development of industrial estates at Ramphalbil (Kokrajhar) worth Rs.14.40 crore and Lakhibazar (Baksa) worth Rs.18.40 crore.

About Assam:
Chief Minister (CM) – Himanta Biswa Sarma
Governor – Lakshman Prasad Acharya
Capital – Dispur
National Park (NP) – Kaziranga NP, Manas NP
About Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region (MDoNER):
Union Minister – Jyotiraditya Madhavrao Scindia (Constituency – Guna, Madhya Pradesh, MP)
Minister of State (MoS) – Dr. Sukanta Majumdar (Constituency – Balurghat, West Bengal, WB)

Kerala Becomes First Indian State to Eliminate Extreme Poverty
On 1st November 2025,  Pinarayi Vijayan ,Chief Minister (CM) of Kerala, declared that Kerala had become the first state in India to eradicate extreme poverty, under the Extreme Poverty Alleviation Project (EPAP), during a special session of the Kerala Legislative Assembly held in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, on Kerala Piravi (State Formation Day).

About Extreme Poverty Eradication Project (EPEP): 
Launch: The EPEP was launched in 2021 by the Left Democratic Front (LDF) government to make Kerala free from extreme poverty by 2025.
Identification: 1,03,099 individuals from 64,006 families identified through local surveys based on food, health, housing, and livelihood indicators.
Funding : Over Rs. 1,000 crore spent; monitored by Chief Minister’s Office (CMO) and the Local Self-Government Department (LSGD).
Key Achievements: Provided essential documents to 21,263 individuals, ensured food security for 20,648 families, offered housing to 4,677 families (including land and houses to 2,713).

• Supported 35,041 families through Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) along with livelihood assistance to 4,394 families.

National Recognition: As per NITI (National Institution for Transforming India) Aayog’s 2023 Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI), Kerala recorded the lowest multidimensional poverty rate in India at 0.55%.

CU-UP Launches India’s 1st University led Startup Launchpad  ‘Campus Tank’ for Young Innovators
In November 2025, Chandigarh University-Uttar Pradesh (CU-UP), India’s 1st Artificial Intelligence (AI)-augmented multidisciplinary university, has launched ‘Campus Tank ’, India’s biggest university-led launchpad for young innovators.

• The event also witnessed the launch of ‘CU AI Space’ which features advanced technology and AI-powered tools to inspire young innovators to develop solutions for real-world challenges through research, development and innovation.

About Campus Tank :
Aim: This newly launched platform will provide young and aspiring entrepreneurs with financial support and expert mentorship to promote innovation and entrepreneurship.
Total Budget: CU-UP has allocated a total fund of USD 6 million (nearly Rs 50 crore) for this initiative.
Startups Joined: During the inaugural ceremony, more than 1,000 startups have been onboarded under this new initiative, out of which 10 promising startups showcased their innovative ideas and secured funding.
Significance: The financial support provided under this initiative, will help young entrepreneurs at every stage of their startup i.e. from ideation to market launch and will also help startups to connect with mentors, incubation facilities, and networking opportunities.

NITI Aayog Unveiled ‘Reimagining Agriculture’ Roadmap in Gandhinagar, Gujarat
In November 2025, the National Institution for Transforming India (NITI) Aayog’s Frontier Tech Hub, an action tank for Viksit Bharat, unveiled a roadmap titled ‘Reimagining Agriculture: A Roadmap for Frontier Technology Led Transformation’ in Gandhinagar, Gujarat.

• Bhupendrabhai Patel, Chief Minister (CM) of Gujarat; B.V.R. Subrahmanyam, Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of NITI Aayog; and other eminent dignitaries were present at the event.

About Roadmap:
Aim: To enhance agricultural resilience, inclusive rural prosperity, and promote India’s international competitiveness in agri-tech innovation.
Co-Partners: It was developed in collaboration with Boston Consulting Group (BCG); Google, and Confederation of Indian Industry (CII).
Adopting Frontier Technologies: The roadmap presents a vision to adopt frontier technologies such as: climate resilient seeds, digital twins, precision agriculture, agentic Artificial Intelligence (AI), and modernized mechanization to improve agricultural productivity, sustainability and increase farmers’ income.
Segmenting Farmers: In order to address challenges faced by smallholders and commercial cultivators, the roadmap has grouped farmers into 3 main archetypes: Aspiring Farmers (70-80%); Transitioning Farmers (15-20%); and Advanced Farmers (1-2%).
Framework: This newly launched roadmap suggests 3-pillar framework for a Digital Agriculture Mission 2.0: 

• Enhanced foundational systems;
• Reimagine, research and talent systems;
• Converge public-private efforts

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

UNEP’s AGR 2025: Developing Nations Face an Annual Adaptation Bill of Up to USD 365 Billion by 2035In October 2025, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) released its latest report titled ‘Adaptation Gap Report (AGR) 2025: Running on Empty’. The report estimates that developing nations will need USD 310–365 billion annually by 2035 for climate adaptation, about 12 times higher than the current global public adaptation finance of USD 26 billion(2023).

• The report was released ahead of the Conference of Parties (COP30) of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) which is scheduled to be held in Belem, Brazil.

Key Findings of AGR 2025:
Warning:The report cautions that if current adaptation finance trends persist, the Glasgow Climate Pact goal of doubling 2019 adaptation finance to about USD 40 billion by 2025 is unlikely to be achieved.
Insufficient Adaptation Funds: The report reviewed the New Collective Quantified Goal (NCQG) set at COP29 in Baku, Azerbaijan, which targets USD 300 billion annually by 2035 for climate action in developing nations.
Status of National Adaptation Plans: The report highlights that 172 countries currently have at least one national adaptation policy, plan, or strategy, but 36 of these are outdated, having not been updated in over a decade.
Private Sector Investment: The report has projected that private sector investment in national adaptation priorities are expected to increase from the current USD 5 billion to USD 50 billion per year with supportive policy and blended finance mechanisms.
>>Read Full News

BANKING & FINANCE

Sebi caps weights in Bank Nifty, tightens index rules to broaden representationIn October 2025, the market regulator Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) introduced significant reforms to the Nifty Bank index, aimed at enhancing diversification and reducing concentration risk.

Key Highlights
Applies to: The new norms apply to popular NBI (Non-Benchmark Index), including BANKNIFTY (derivative traded on NSE (National Stock Exchange)), BANKEX (derivative traded on BSE (Bombay Stock Exchange), and FINNIFTY (derivative traded on NSE).
Index Expansion: The index will now require a minimum of 14 constituents, an increase from the current 12.
Weight Cap Adjustments: The weight of the top constituent will be limited to 20%, reduced from 33%

• Additionally, the combined weight of the top three constituents cannot exceed 45%, down from 62%.

Weight Structure: The index must have a descending weight structure – each stock’s weight should be less than the previous higher-weighted stock.
Implementation Timeline: For BANKEX and FINNIFTY, full compliance is required in a single tranche by December 31, 2025.

• BANKNIFTY, however, has been allowed a phased implementation approach spread across four monthly intervals, with a final deadline of March 31, 2026.

Note: A non-benchmark index is a financial index that is not used as a standard to measure the performance of other investments, unlike a benchmark index which is used for comparison.

• They are generally sectoral or thematic in nature, as they track a specific segment of the market (such as banking or financial services) or a specific market capitalisation segment, such as Midcap.

Bank Nifty: Currently as of November 2025, Bank Nifty constituents include IDFC First Bank, Canara Bank, Punjab National Bank, Federal Bank, Bank of Baroda, State Bank of India, AU Small Finance Bank, Axis Bank, IndusInd Bank, HDFC Bank, ICICI Bank, Kotak Mahindra Bank.
About Securities Exchange Board of India (SEBI):
Chairman – Tuhin Kanta Pandey
Headquarters – Mumbai, Maharashtra

NIPL Partners with Razorpay to Enable UPI Transactions in Malaysia
On November 3, 2025, NPCI International Payments Limited (NPIL), a wholly owned subsidiary of National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI), partnered with Razorpay Curlec, a wholly owned subsidiary of Razorpay, to enable Unified Payments Interface (UPI) transactions in Malaysia.

Collaboration to Enable UPI Payments:
Aim: To strengthen cross-border digital payment connectivity between India and Malaysia, making transactions faster, safer and more convenient.
Role of Entities: As part of the partnership, Razorpay will connect Malaysian merchants to the UPI network, handle payment processing, settlements, and compliance.
Payments: Under this partnership, Indian tourists and travelers visiting Malaysia will be able to make real-time UPI payments at local merchants using their existing UPI applications(apps), eliminating the need for carrying foreign currency or international cards.

• The payment will be made in Indian Rupees (INR), while the Malaysian merchant will receive the amount in Malaysian Ringgit (MYR).

IPPB signs MoU with EPFO for doorstep Digital Life Certificate services
In November 2025, the India Post Payments Bank (IPPB), under the Department of Posts (DoP), Ministry of Communications , has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Employees’ Provident Fund Organization (EPFO) under the Ministry of Labor & Employment (MoL&E), to provide doorstep Digital Life Certificate (DLC) services to pensioners under the Employees’ Pension Scheme, 1995.

Key Details of MoU:
Signed by: The MoU was exchanged between R Viswesvaran, Managing Director(MD) & Chief Executive Officer(CEO), IPPB; and Ramesh Krishnamurthi, Central Provident Fund Commissioner, EPFO) during EPFO’s 73rd Foundation Day in New Delhi, Delhi.
Procedure:  The process employs face authentication and fingerprint biometric technology, ensuring seamless issuance of the Jeevan Pramaan certificate (JPC). The service is applicable for both IPPB and non IPPB customers.
Free of Cost: The EPFO will bear the cost of issuing the DLC, making the service free of cost for them.
Implementation Network: IPPB will utilize its extensive network of over 1.65 lakh post offices and around 3 lakh postal service providers (Postmen and Gramin Dak Sevaks, GDS) to deliver the doorstep DLC service nationwide.
Alignment: It also aligns with the Government of India(GoI)’s “Digital India” and “Ease of Living” initiatives.

ECONOMY & BUSINESS

Hinduja Group to Invest Rs.20,000 Crores for Energy Projects in AP
On November 3, 2025, the Hinduja Group signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Government of Andhra Pradesh (AP) to invest Rs.20,000 crore in a phased manner in the state.

• The investment aims to transform AP into a hub for energy production, renewable power, and electric mobility.

Key Investment Projects:
Thermal Power: Under this agreement, the Hinduja Group will undertake projects across AP. It includes the expansion of its existing thermal power plant in Visakhapatnam (AP), operated by Hinduja National Power Corporation Limited (HNPCL).

• It will add two new units of 800 Megawatt (MW) each, increasing the total capacity of the plant by 1,600 MW.

RE projects: It includes Renewable Energy (RE) projects such as large-scale solar and wind power plants in the Rayalaseema region.

• Hinduja Group will set up an EV manufacturing facility at Mallavalli in Krishna (AP), which will produce electric (e) buses and Light Commercial Vehicles (LCVs) for domestic and international markets.
• The conglomerate also plans to establish a statewide EV charging network and set up electric mobility hubs across Anantapur, Kurnool, and Amaravati.

OpenAI Signs USD 38 Million multi-year cloud partnership with AWS
 In November, 2025, OpenAI has signed a landmark USD 38 billion multi-year agreement with Amazon Web Services (AWS), a subsidiary of Amazon, marking its first-ever strategic collaboration with the global cloud infrastructure leader.

• The deal,stands as the largest Artificial Inteligent (AI) cloud partnership to date.The agreement is slated to run over seven years, with full capacity targeted for deployment by the end of 2026 and options to expand further into 2027.

About the Mou:
Aim: To help OpenAI rapidly expand its computing capacity while benefiting from AWS’s superior price efficiency, performance, scalability, and security.
Largest AI Cloud Partnership: The agreement, hailed as the largest AI cloud partnership to date, spans seven years, with full deployment targeted by 2026 and provisions for expansion into 2027.
Access to Advanced AWS Infrastructure:Under the agreement, OpenAI will gain immediate and expanding access to AWS compute resources, including Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud(EC2) UltraServers equipped with thousands of National Integrated Virtual Architecture(NVIDIA) chips, along with the capability to scale operations to millions of Central Processing Unit(CPUs).
Deployment:It is aimed at powering both ChatGPT inference and the training of next-generation AI models, enhancing performance and scalability across OpenAI’s platforms.

APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

Sanjay Garg Appointed as New DG of Bureau of Indian StandardsIn November 2025, Sanjay Garg, a 1994-batch Indian Administrative Service(IAS) officer from the Kerala cadre, was appointed as the Director General (DG) of the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), the National Standards Body under the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution (MoCAF&PD) with effect from 1 November 2025.

• His appointment was approved by the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC) headed by Prime Minister(PM) Narendra Modi, following the superannuation of Pramod Kumar Tiwari on 31 October 2025.

Leadership Vision at BIS:
Frameworks: As DG of BIS, he will be responsible for advancing India’s standardization, certification, and consumer protection frameworks.
Global Representation: He will also serve as the President of India’s National Committee (INC) in the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), representing India on global standardization platforms.
BIS Vision: His appointment marks a strategic step toward realizing BIS’s vision of a “Quality-First India”, ensuring that Indian manufacturing and services adhere to the highest global standards.
About Sanjay Garg:
Career: He brings over three decades of diverse administrative experience spanning agriculture, food logistics, defence industry, industrial promotion, finance, and social sectors at both state and national levels.
Previous Roles: He served as Officer on Special Duty (OSD) at BIS from August 2025 to ensure a smooth leadership transition.

• Earlier, he held the positions of Additional Secretary in the Department of Agricultural Research and Education (DARE) under the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare (MoAFW) and Secretary of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR).
• He has also worked on World Bank(WB) projects, industrial promotion (including leather), and defence-industry reforms.

Innovation: At ICAR, he led digital transformation initiatives, integrating Information Technology(IT) systems and expanding the Kisan Sarathi portal to link farmers with scientists, boosting transparency and outreach.
About Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS):
Headquarters– New Delhi, Delhi
Established-1986

Samia Suluhu Hassan Sworn in for Second Term as Tanzania’s PresidentIn November 2025, Samia Suluhu Hassan was sworn in for her second term as the President of Tanzania after winning the national election, during a ceremony held at a military parade ground in Dodoma, Tanzania.

• She is the first woman to hold the presidency and serves as the 6th President of Tanzania.

Election Details: 
Election: The Tanzanian General Election was held on 29th October 2025 to elect the President, Members of the National Assembly, and Local Council representatives.
Winner: Samia Suluhu Hassan of the Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) party secured a decisive victory with around 97.66% of the total votes polled, reflecting a landslide outcome.
Opposition: The major opposition party CHADEMA(Party for Democracy and Progress) and several other rivals were barred from contesting, raising concerns about the fairness of the electoral process.
 About Samia Suluhu Hassan:
Political Journey:She began her political career after serving in development roles and steadily rose within the Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM), gaining recognition for her leadership and governance skills.
Rise to Presidency: : In 2015, She became Tanzania’s first female Vice President and served under former President John Magufuli until his death in March 2021.

• Following his demise, she assumed office as Tanzania’s 6th President and the country’s first woman head of state on 19 March 2021.

Continental Leadership Role: Alongside her presidential responsibilities, She serves as the 3rd Vice Chairperson of the African Union, a role she assumed on 15 February 2025 under the leadership of African Union (AU) President João Lourenço.
About Tanzania:
Prime Minister (PM)– Kassim Majaliwa
Capital – Dodoma
Currency – Tanzanian Shilling(TZS)

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

China’s CMSA Launches Shenzhou-21 Crewed Space Mission for Scientific and Technological BreakthroughsIn October 2025, China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) launched the Shenzhou-21 crewed spacecraft aboard Long March-2F rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in the Gobi Desert, China.

• The crew comprised three astronauts : Zhang Lu, Wu Fei , and Zhang Hongzhang.
• The crew will conduct 27 scientific and technological experiments in areas such as biotechnology, space medicine, material science, and fluid physics.

About Crew of the Shenzou-21 Spacecraft: 
Crew Composition: Commander Zhang Lu, who will serve as space pilot, astronaut Wu Fei, who will serve as flight engineer, and astronaut Zhang Hongzhang who will serve as payload specialist.
Youngest Astronaut: At 32, Wu Fei became the youngest Chinese astronaut to travel to space.
Mission Experience: Zhang Lu previously took part in the Shenzhou-15 mission, while Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang are on their first spaceflight.
About Shenzou-21 Spacecraft :
Docking: The spacecraft docked autonomously with the Tianhe core module of the Tiangong Space station after 3.5 hours of launch, setting a new national record for the fastest crewed docking.

• The mission will last around six months, with the crew expected to return around April 2026.

Biological Experiment:For the first time, China sent four mice (two male and two female) aboard the mission to conduct biological research in microgravity on the Tiangong Space Station, helping scientists study how living organisms adapt to space conditions and paving the way for future long-duration missions.
Objective: The key objectives of the mission are to conduct 27 scientific experiments in the field of space medicine, biotechnology & life sciences, material science, microgravity fluid physics, combustions studies, and new-space technologies
Performance: Additionally, the astronauts will perform spacewalks to install and inspect external equipment, test new life-support and control systems, and carry out station maintenance and software upgrades.
About China:
President – Xi Jinping
Capital – Beijing
Currency – Renminbi (RMB)

SPORTS

Overview of Asian Youth Games 2025 held in Manama, Kingdom of BahrainThe 3rd edition of the Asian Youth Games (AYG) 2025, organized by the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA), was held in Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain, from 22 to 31 October 2025, marking Bahrain’s first time hosting an OCA event.

• The event served as the Asian qualification tournament for the 2026 Summer Youth Olympics Games (YoG) in Dakar, Senegal, scheduled from 31 October to 14 November 2026.

About Asian Youth Games 2025:
Participating Nations: 45 National Olympic Committees (NOCs)
Sports Disciplines: 28 sports, including 3×3 basketball, athletics, badminton, beach volleyball, beach wrestling, boxing, among others.
Chef de Mission: London 2012 Olympic bronze medallist wrestler Yogeshwar Dutt served as the Chef de Mission for the Indian contingent.
Total Medals at Stake: 1,677 (505 gold, 503 silver, 669 bronze)
Top of the Medal Tally: The People’s Republic of China topped the standings at the 3rd Asian Youth Games 2025, winning 63 gold, 49 silver, and 35 bronze medals, for a total of 147.
India’s Medal Tally: India finished the 3rd Asian Youth Games 2025 with a total of 48 medals, comprising 13 gold, 18 silver, and 17 bronze.
Largest Squad: Athletics featured the largest Indian representation, with a total of 31 athletes, followed by 28 in kabaddi, 16 in handball, 14 in boxing, and 10 each in taekwondo, wrestling, and weightlifting.
About the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA):
President – Randhir Singh (India)
Headquarters – Kuwait City, Kuwait
Established – 1982
>>Read Full News

OBITUARY

World’s Oldest Living Gold Medalist Charles Coste dies at 101In October 2025, French cycling legend and 1948 Olympic gold medalist Charles Coste passed away at the age of 101. He was born on February 8, 1924, in Ollioules, southern France.

• He was the world’s oldest living Olympic gold medalist, following the death of Hungarian gymnast Ágnes Keleti in January 2024.

About Charles Coste:
Career: He began cycling at a young age, quickly emerging as one of France’s top prospects, and was associated with the famed Vélo Club de Levallois, a leading centre for French cycling talent.
Achievements and Victories: In 1947, he won the French national title in the individual pursuit.

• He won the gold medal in the team pursuit track–cycling event at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London(the United Kingdom, UK), alongside teammates Pierre Adam, Serge Blusson and Fernand Decanali.
• In 1949, he won the prestigious 140 km Grand Prix des Nations, defeating cycling legend Fausto Coppi.

Retirement: Coste retired from professional cycling in 1959, leaving behind a record of consistency, skill, and leadership that inspired generations of riders.
Role in 2024 Paris Olympics: In July 2024, at age 100, he served as a torchbearer during the Paris Olympics opening ceremony, passing the flame to fellow French champions.

IMPORTANT DAYS

International Day for Biosphere Reserves 2025 – November 3The International Day for Biosphere Reserves (BR), also known as the World Biosphere Reserve Day, is observed every year across the world on 3rd November by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) to raise awareness about the importance of BR and to promote their conservation and sustainable management.

• November 3, 2025 marked the observance of the 4th International Day BR.

Background:
Adoption: The 41st session of the UNESCO General Conference adopted Resolution 41 C/37 in 2021, proclaiming 3rd November of every year as the International Day for BR.
First Observance: The first International Day for BR was celebrated on 3rd November 2022.
About Biosphere Reserve(BR): 
MAB Programme: The Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme is an intergovernmental scientific initiative that provides a scientific foundation for improving the relationship between people and their environments.
WNBR:The World Network of BR(WNBR) has 759 sites in 136 countries including 25 transboundary sites.
Biosphere reserves in India: India has 18 designated BRs covering around 91,425square kilometers(sq. km), out of which 13 are included in UNESCO’s WNBR.
>>Read Full News

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