International Epilepsy Day is observed annually on the 2nd Monday of February across the globe to raise awareness about epilepsy, a neurological disorder, as well as its symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment.
- The day serves as a platform to educate the public, dispels myths, and tackles stigma, aiming to reduce discrimination, social exclusion, and barriers to services for millions living with epilepsy worldwide, promoting inclusivity and support.
- International Epilepsy Day 2025 is observed on February 10, 2025.
- International Epilepsy Day 2024 was observed on February 12 2024 and in 2026 it will be observed on February 9 2026.
Background:
i.International Epilepsy Day is a collaborative effort between the International Bureau for Epilepsy (IBE) and the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE).
ii.The first-ever International Epilepsy Day was celebrated on 9th February 2015 (Monday).
iii.Since then, International Epilepsy Day has been observed annually on the 2nd Monday of February.
Symbol and Color:
i.Lavender, the international flower for epilepsy, represents the isolation and loneliness often experienced by those with the condition.
ii.The color purple is widely recognized as the symbol for epilepsy awareness.
What is Epilepsy?
i.Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurring seizures, caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain.
ii.These seizures can be mild or severe and may affect consciousness, movement, and sensations. There are 2 main categories of seizures:
- Generalized Seizures: Affect the entire brain and often involve loss of consciousness.
- Focal Seizures: Start in one area of the brain and may or may not affect consciousness.
iii.Symptoms include sudden jerking movements, loss of consciousness, confusion, staring spells, and uncontrollable movements.
Key Facts:
i.Epilepsy is one of the oldest known medical conditions, with written records dating back to 4000 BCE (Before Common Era).
ii.Hippocrates (460-377 Before Christ, BC), the Greek philosopher, was the first to propose that epilepsy originates in the brain.
Significance:
i.International Epilepsy Day is an initiative by the World Health Organization (WHO) under 10-year Intersectoral Global Action Plan on Epilepsy and Other Neurological Disorders (IGAP) 2022-2031.
- The 1st global report on epilepsy titled “Epilepsy: A Public Health Imperative” was produced in 2019 by the WHO and key partners.
ii.IGAP provides a 10-year roadmap with strategic goals to improve public health approaches to epilepsy and address treatment and inclusion gaps globally.
iii.Global Target 5.1: By 2031, countries will increase epilepsy service coverage by 50% from 2021 levels.
iv.Global Target 5.2: By 2031, 80% of countries will have updated legislation to protect the human rights of people with epilepsy.
v.WHO, ILAE, and IBE led the Global Campaign Against Epilepsy to raise awareness about epilepsy, strengthen public and private efforts to improve care and reduce the disease’s impact.
Global Challenge:
i.According to the WHO, epilepsy affects around 50 million people globally.
ii.In India, about 10 million people are affected with epilepsy.
- While precise data is lacking, the prevalence rate is estimated at 5.59-10 per 1,000 people, making epilepsy one of the most challenging neurological conditions.
iii.WHO also estimates that 25% of epilepsy cases are potentially preventable, highlighting the importance of early intervention, better diagnosis, and access to treatment.
Government Efforts to Combat Epilepsy in India:
i.Incorporating Neurological Disorders: Epilepsy and other neurological conditions are included in India’s National and District Mental Health Programs for better care.
ii.National Programme for Prevention and Control of Major Diseases (NPCDCS): Focuses on strengthening healthcare infrastructure, including stroke and epilepsy care.
iii.Strengthening Primary Healthcare Services: Epilepsy services are integrated into Comprehensive Primary Health Care under the Ayushman Bharat Health and Wellness Centres (HWC) Scheme.
2025 Event:
The 15th Asian & Oceanian Epilepsy Congress is scheduled to be held in New Delhi,Delhi from 20-23 February, 2025.
Note: National Epilepsy Day in India is observed annually on November 17 to raise awareness about epilepsy.
About International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE):
President– J. Helen Cross
Headquarters– Washington, D.C, the United States of America(USA)
Established– 1909
