The latest update of the Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) was released by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) at the University of Oxford,United Kingdom (UK).
- As per it, a total of 415 million people moved out of poverty in India within just 15 years from 2005/2006 to 2019/2021 showing 55.1% decrease in 2005-06 to 16.4% in 2019-2021.
Assessment:
The analysis of trends from 2000 to 2022, focused on 81 countries with comparable data over time.
Indian Scenario:
i.In India, multidimensional poverty declined from 645 million people in 2005-2006 to 370 million in 2015-2016, and further to 230 million in 2019-2021. Deprivation decreased across all indicators.
ii.The proportion of people multidimensionally poor and deprived of nutrition decreased from 44.3% in 2005-2006 to 11.8% in 2019-2021, and child mortality fell from 4.5% to 1.5%.
iii.Those deprived of cooking fuel decreased from 52.9% to 13%, and sanitation deprivation decreased from 50.4% in 2005-2006 to 11.3% in 2019-2021.
iv.Multidimensional poverty and deprivation decreased in drinking water (from 16.4% to 2.7%), electricity (from 29% to 2.1%), and housing (from 44.9% to 13.6%).
Global Scenario:
i.Over 18% of the global population (1.1 billion people) live in acute multidimensional poverty across 110 countries, with Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia housing the majority of the poor.
ii.Two-thirds of all poor individuals (730 million people) reside in middle-income countries, highlighting the need for action in these nations. Low-income countries, comprising just 10% of the MPI population, are home to 35% of the poor.
iii.Half of the MPI-poor population (566 million) consists of children under 18, with a poverty rate of 27.7%. Poverty predominantly affects rural areas, where 84% of all poor people live.
iv.25 countries, including India, have successfully halved their global MPI values within 15 years, demonstrating the potential for rapid progress. These countries include Cambodia, China, Congo, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Morocco, Serbia, and Vietnam.
Recent Related News:
i.According to the State of World Population (SOWP) 2023 titled “8 Billion Lives, Infinite Possibilities: the case for Rights and Choices” published by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), India overtakes China to become the most populous nation in the world, the population of India has grown by 1.56% in the past year and it is estimated to be 142.86 crore.
ii.The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) released its report titled ‘Women and Men in India 2022’ which is 24th in a series. As per it, an average Indian woman, aged between 15 and 29 spends 5.5 hours doing unpaid labour. A man in that age group spends about 50 minutes a day doing work that yields no money.
About United Nations Development Programme (UNDP):
Administrator– Achim Steiner
Headquarters– New York, United States
