some difficult words from editorials , which is important and very helpful for IBPS PO/CLERK/LIC AAO/RRB & SSC CGL EXAM and other exams !!!
The Hindu: Holding the rate: On RBI’s monetary policy decision
The Reserve Bank of India’s decision to keep the policy interest rate unchanged, and reaffirm its “neutral” policy stance, clearly indicates that policymakers at the central bank are singularly focussed on their primary remit of ensuring price stability while supporting economic growth. That the RBI’s Monetary Policy Committee has chosen to do so in the face of clamour for a rate cut, and Consumer Price Index data and the bank’s own survey of households’ inflation expectations appearing benign, points to the MPC’s determination to reassert the central bank’s independence, especially in the rate-setting realm. Laying out its reasoning for opting to remain “watchful”, the RBI has raised pertinent questions relating to the outlook for price stability, the foremost being whether the “unusually low momentum in the reading for April will endure”. It posits that the easing trend in inflation, excluding food and fuel, may be transient given its vulnerability to rising rural wage growth and strong consumption demand. And the elephant in the room, in the MPC’s opinion, is the real prospect of inflationary spillovers from the rising risk of fiscal slippages caused by farm loan waivers — Uttar Pradesh has set the stage, and Maharashtra’s government has vowed to come up with the State’s largest-ever. Observing that inflation has fallen below 4% only since November 2016, the RBI has reiterated its commitment to keeping the headline reading close to that figure on a “durable basis”.
The MPC acknowledges that the latest monsoon forecast augurs well for the agriculture sector, and when viewed in conjunction with continuing robust government spending, it ought to help undergird overall momentum in the economy. The RBI’s business expectations index based on its industrial outlook survey of April points to upbeat prospects for the manufacturing sector in the second quarter of the current fiscal year, spurred by rising rural and overseas demand. However, on the growth front too the RBI’s policy panel has opted for caution given that the Central Statistics Office’s GDP and GVA (gross value added) data released last month suggest that the effects of demonetisation have lingered on. The RBI has accordingly cut its GVA growth forecast for the year ending in March 2018 by 10 basis points to 7.3% and flagged the risks that global political uncertainties, rising input costs and wage pressures and the twin balance sheet problem (an over-leveraged corporate sector and stressed lenders) pose to a revival in private investment demand and a more durable economic expansion. Spelling out the priorities, the MPC has said monetary policy can be effective only when private investment has revived, the banking sector’s health is restored and infrastructure bottlenecks are removed. To do otherwise “risks disruptive policy reversals later and the loss of credibility” of the RBI.
1. Reaffirm (verb) : साबित करना
Meaning : confirm the validity of (something previously established).
Synonyms : acknowledge, advance, advocate, affirm, allegate, allege, announce, argue, assert, asservate, attest, aver, avow, be positive, blaze, bring forward, certify, cite, claim, confess, confirm, contend, convey, demonstrate.
Antonyms : deny, disavow, retract.
Usage : the election reaffirmed his position as leader.
2. Benign (adjective) : सौम्य
Meaning : gentle and kind.
Synonyms : kindly, kind, warm-hearted, good-natured, friendly, warm, affectionate, agreeable, amiable, good-humoured, genial, congenial, cordial, approachable, tender, tender-hearted, soft-hearted, gentle, sympathetic, compassionate, caring, considerate, thoughtful, helpful.
Antonyms : hateful, hostile, hurtful, injurious, malignant, unkind.
Usage : he adopted a benign grandfatherly role.
3. Reassert (verb) : साबित करना
Meaning : assert again.
Synonyms : acknowledge, advance, advocate, affirm, allegate, allege, announce, argue, assert, asservate, attest, aver, avow, be positive, blaze, bring forward, certify, cite, claim, confess, confirm, contend, convey, demonstrate.
Antonyms : deny, disavow, retract.
Usage : he moved quickly to reassert his control.
4. Realm (Noun) : क्षेत्र
Meaning : a kingdom.
Synonyms : kingdom, sovereign state, monarchy; empire, principality, palatinate, duchy; country, land, domain, dominion, nation, province.
Antonyms : outside.
Usage : his prime concern was to promote peace in the realm.
5. Foremost (adjective) : सबसे महत्वपूर्ण
Meaning : most prominent in rank, importance, or position.
Synonyms : leading, principal, premier, prime, elite, top, top-tier, top-level, first-rate, greatest, best, supreme, pre-eminent, major, most important, most prominent, most influential, most skilled, most illustrious, outstanding.
Antonyms : inferior,last,least, lowest,secondary,unimportant.
Usage : one of the foremost Spanish Renaissance artists.
6. Endure (verb) : सहना
Meaning : suffer (something painful or difficult) patiently.
Synonyms : undergo, go through, live through, experience, meet, encounter; cope with, deal with, face, face up to, handle, suffer, tolerate, put up with, brave, bear, withstand, sustain, weather.
Antonyms : discontinue.
Usage : it seemed impossible that anyone could endure such pain.
7. Transient (adjective) : क्षणिक
Meaning : lasting only for a short time; impermanent.
Synonyms : transitory, temporary, short-lived, short-term, ephemeral, impermanent, brief, short, momentary; fleeting, flying, evanescent, passing, fugitive, fading, mutable, unstable, volatile, here today and gone tomorrow, fly-by-night; rarefugacious.
Antonyms : enduring, incessant, lasting, long-lasting, neverending, permanent, persistent, undying.
Usage : a transient post-war baby boom.
8. Pertinent (adjective) : उचित
Meaning : relevant or applicable to a particular matter; apposite.
Synonyms : relevant, to the point, apposite, appropriate, suitable, fitting, fit, apt, applicable, material, germane, to the purpose, apropos; ad rem; rareappurtenant.
Antonyms : inappropriate, irrelevant, unsuitable.
Usage : she asked me a lot of very pertinent questions.
9. Vowed (verb) : कसम खाई
Meaning : solemnly promise to do a specified thing.
Synonyms : swear, swear/state under oath, swear on the Bible, take an oath, pledge, promise, affirm, avow, undertake, give an undertaking, engage, commit, commit oneself, make a commitment, give one’s word, give one’s word of honour, give an assurance, guarantee; depose.
Antonyms : breach, break.
Usage : the rebels vowed to continue fighting.
10. Lingered (verb) : रुका रहना
Meaning : stay in a place longer than necessary because of a reluctance to leave.
Synonyms : wait around, stay, remain, stay put, wait; loiter, dawdle, dally, take one’s time, lag behind, straggle, dither, potter about/around/round, pause; procrastinate, stall, delay.
Antonyms : go, hurry, leave, rush.
Usage : the crowd lingered for a long time, until it was almost dark.
