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Welcome to Online English Section with explanation in AffairsCloud.com. Here we are creating question sample in Inference , which is BASED ON RECENT IBPS EXAM.
Inference
In each of the given questions an inference is given in bold which is then followed by three paragraph. You have to find the paragraph(s) from where it is inferred. Choose the option with the best possible outcome as your choice.
- Inference – Too many cooks spoil the broth
I. The danger of a coalition for the party is that the smaller party may have to sell out some of their principles to keep the coalition happy (à la Liberal ). This is highly unpopular with voters and supporters and can even anger some peoDemocratsple within the party enough to take a stand against the coalition leaders.
II. More people’s views are represented in the policies implemented than if just one party ruled. Potentially a stronger/more talented team leading the government, as the PM can then chose the talent from two parties, rather than just his own.
III. Coalitions are quite unstable, a big unknown. You don’t know what you’re going to get and they’re usually formed because there was no majority in parliament anyway. Both parties tend to have something the other party needs which means there’s a lot of tactical policy making.
1. I,II
2. III
3. I,III
4. II,III
5. All are correctAnswer – 3. I,III
Explanation:
Statement II talks about advantages of a coalition government - Inference – Vulgarity in Society
I. Most of us know that vulgarity is pervading in our society but except shrugging our shoulders, we don’t feel the need of doing something to set matters right. The malaise is seeping into the roots of the society. It may damage the fabric to the extent that no remedy will work in the future.
II. The press, whether of local languages or English, an be also blamed with films and TV serials for the problem in society. The idea, which works behind the promotion of obscene matters is to boost the sale of the productions, garner more eyeballs and just sell and sell, no matter what the cost is.
III. Children do not listen to the elders because of the generation gap and westernisation of the society. The elders cannot stop them from doing something odd when they themselves are not right. This is not acceptable to the new generation.
1. II,III
2. I,II
3. I
4. I,III
5. All are correctAnswer – 2. I,II
Explanation:
Statement III doesn’t align with the inference given in question - Inference – Sports as a career, not viable
I. Once a person decides to take up playing a particular sport or athletic activity as a profession, then the training for it takes precedence over everything else. A strict training regimen under the expert guidance of a coach, coupled with a wholesome and nutritious diet program (again under expert guidance) needs to be followed.
II. As more and more Indian sports persons gain fame and recognition in the international scene, many a parent is willing to let his ward have a chance at proving his mettle in sports. Educational institutions are expected to provide opportunities for students to determine where their aptitude lies.
III. The age factor in sports is vital as in sports, after a certain age, say after 35 or 40, a sportspersons’ worth gets reduced with waning physical ability and skills. Unlike other professions, continuity isn’t there, very few avenues in the form of coaches and instructors are available once as portperson retires.
1. II,III
2. I
3. III
4. II
5. All are correctAnswer – 3. III
Explanation:
Statement I and II doesn’t align with inference given - Inference – Yes, Uniformity does matter
I. Uniforms give students a sense of belonging to a particular school and create an identity for the school in the community. It teaches students to dress smartly and take pride in their appearance.
II. Perhaps most importantly, a uniform means students don’t have to worry about peer pressure when it comes to their clothes. When everyone is dressed the same, worrying about what you look like isn’t so important. There is no competition about being dressed in the latest trend, which would put a great deal of financial pressure on students and parents. Potential bullies have one less target for their insults; it’s hard to make fun of what someone is wearing when you’re dressed exactly the same.
III. Uniforms create a feeling of oneness and belonging. Everyone can be on the same team. As on athletic teams, uniforms are worn for immediate identification and to inspire a feeling of ‘oneness.’ Put on your team uniform and you suddenly belong. A sense of loyalty emerges from inside, as does an extra effort to perform at the student’s best.
1. I,II
2. II,III
3. II
4. I,III
5. All are correctAnswer – 5. All are correct
Explanation:
All are correct - Inference – Overhauling examination systems
I. The grading system in examinations has reduced the scoring pressure of students. According to grading method, the actual marks of a subject do not get mentioned on transcripts but only the grades. Which means that now students do not have to score specific marks for good impression but only target a grade that can be achieved easily.
II. All said and done, our examination system is an unmitigated disaster and our approach to educational reform has been somewhat erratic. Education does not get the attention and the funding that it deserves. Most of our problems stem from the lack of education or from a faulty one. Piecemeal educational reforms will not do any longer. If we wish to prosper as a nation, we need to overhaul the current ineffectual and damaging examination system.
III. Assessment is extremely important, but it should happen continuously using a wide range of tools to gauge the varied strengths and skills of individual students. Class participation, presentations, essays, spot quizzes, interviews, peer assessment and assignments should all contribute to the final report. There are many vital intangibles that cannot be tested or measured. Let not one single mass examination determine the future of a child. Only creative, innovative and urgent intervention to develop meaningful and humane ways of assessing school students will stop damaging their natural talents and nurture them instead
1. I,III
2. I
3. II,III
4. I,II
5. All are correctAnswer – 3. II,III
Explanation:
Statement I doesn’t align with the inference. - Inference – Universal basic Income as a panacea for poverty
I. As an economic carrier taking the poor masses towards prosperity, UBI has been hailed by both schools of thought( left/ right leaning ideology). John Kenneth a left – leaning economist said-“ UBI is a means of fostering social justice and equal opportunity and hailed UBI as a way of restoring individual choice and freedom and reigning in the influence of State. The 2017 Economic Survey has flagged UBI as” a conceptually appealing idea” and a possible alternative to social welfare programme targeted at bringing down poverty.
II. The kind of disparity of wealth, the gap between haves and have- nots, which exist in India is phenomenal. According to several Economists in India, dismantling welfare schemes like Mid-day meal, Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana, National Health Mission, Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana, Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan, MGNREGS and PDS could be counterproductive. The mid day meal scheme provides hot meal to 150 million school children up to 8th standard. To tilt the whole modal may be disastrous.
III. It’s significant to note that the budget of FY 18, accounted for about 950 welfare schemes which walloped 5% of GDP. The top 11 schemes accounted for about 50% of the budgetary allocation. The Public Distribution System( PDS), Urea Subsidy and MGNREGS are the major money guzzlers of budgets, which presents several loopholes, through which crores of Govt money is siphoned off.
1. I,II
2. I
3. II,III
4. II
5. All are correctAnswer – 2. I
Explanation:
Statements II,III do not align with the inference given in question - Inference – Yellow Journalism
I. The newspapers carry articles based on the claims of unnamed sources that are given an opportunity to express baseless allegations. Journalists seem to increasingly display motives that have nothing to do with social conscience and the disclosure of injustice. They are not aimed at uncovering the truth. They no longer carry the voice of the voiceless.
II. The goal of journalism today is profit and record sales. It’s the new face of yellow journalism-news that is tainted and smacks of unprofessionalism; news that feeds off the lives of celebrities. A good example of yellow journalism is that associated with the death of Princess Diana. To what level does one stoop??? Has the need for sensationalism so superseded the need for truth that journalists are ready to drive the truth in to the ground??? Where does yellow journalism draw the line?
III. The absence of truth and propriety in newspapers today, the poverty of serious interest in reporting news as is without sensationalizing it is what makes one believe that yellow journalism has not yet been done with. It’s still yellow only a different shade perhaps!
1. III
2. I,II
3. I,III
4. II,III
5. All are correctAnswer – 5. All are correct
Explanation:
All are correct - Inference – International terrorism through the ages
I. If we examine the history of mankind, through the evolution, the path Man followed, is scattered with corpses and splashed with blood. The ancient Man, genetically being a social animal, formed tribes and settled together for defending and supporting each other, during thick and thin. However, violence, blood thirst and desire to rule other tribes made a trail of battles and wars in the long history of Mankind.
II. The world had witnessed years of Crucifix War, World Wars l and ll, including a nuclear holocaust in Hiroshima & Nagasaki. Rivers of blood went in different continents of this world. If you see the last 70 years, it’s the most peaceful period in the checkered history of Man. However, this is also the period in which International/ religious terrorism raised its evil head and started gobbling innocent lives, in the name of religious hatred and God.
III. American’s myopic vision propped up dictators in the Middle East and toppled them later, during the ‘Arab Spring rebellions’. While dictators such as Hosni Mubarak, Saddam Hussein, Bashar al- Assad and Muammar Gaddafi were ruthless leaders, they kept extremist groups in check and made sure people living without fear of any war. These very interventions are the reasons for lack of democratic rule many such affected areas.
1. II,III
2. II
3. I,III
4. I,II
5. All are correctAnswer –4. I,II
Explanation:
Statement III doesn’t align with the inference given in question - Inference – Uniform Civil Code for all
I. The issue of the Uniform Civil Code has emerged into India’s political discourse recently mainly because many Muslim women, affected adversely by the personal laws, have begun knocking on the doors of the Supreme Court to uphold their fundamental rights to equality and liberty in keeping with constitutional provisions. No personal law is above the Constitution and triple talaq is a violation of the fundamental rights given to citizens under the Constitution.
II. It is commonly observed that personal laws of almost all religions are discriminatory towards women. Men are usually granted upper preferential status in matters of succession and inheritance. Uniform civil code will bring both men and women at par.
III. All Indian citizens are already equal before the court of law as the criminal laws and other civil laws (except personal laws) are same for all. With the implementation of Uniform Civil Code, all citizen will share the same set of personal laws. There will be no scope of politicization of issues of the discrimination or concessions or special privileges enjoyed by a particular community on the basis of their particular religious personal laws.
1. II,III
2. II
3. I,III
4. I,II
5. All are correctAnswer – 5. All are correct
Explanation:
All are correct - Inference – Positives of Judicial Activism
I. Activism in judicial policy making furthers the cause of social change or articulates concepts such as liberty, equality or justice. It has to be an arm of the social revolution. An activist judge activates the legal mechanism and makes it play a vital role in socio-economic process.
II. When the judiciary steps over the line of the powers given to it, in the name of judicial activism, it becomes judicial overreach. One can say that the judiciary then begins to nullify the concept of separation of powers specified in the Constitution.
III. Through judicial activism, judges can use their own personal feelings to strike down laws that they would feel are unjust. Whether it is an executive order, an immigration issue or a criminal proceeding, judges would have a good vantage point in deciding a certain case’s outcome.
1. I,II
2. I,III
3. II,III
4. I
5. All are correctAnswer – 2. I,III
Explanation:
All are correct
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