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INDIAN AFFAIRS
Karnataka cabinet approves transgender policy
On October 26, 2017, Karnataka state cabinet approved a policy which seeks to provide legal protection to transgender community and thereby safeguard them from social and sexual exploitation.
i. The objective of this policy is to remove the stigma attached to the transgender community and integrate them into mainstream of the society.
ii. Under the policy, an awareness drive will be conducted to sensitise general public about the rights of transgenders.
iii. Reservation will be provided to transgender individuals in all levels of education.
iv. Redressal cells will be setup across the state for cases of harassment and discrimination of transgender individuals.
v. This policy will be rolled out within next 36 months.
vi. As per Census 2011 data, Karnataka is home to 20266 transgender individuals.
Quick Facts about Karnataka:
♦ Capital – Bengaluru
♦ Current Chief Minister – Siddaramaiah
♦ Current Governor – Vajubhai Vala
PM Modi Inaugurates Int’l Conference on Consumer Protection
On October 27, 2017, Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated two-day International Conference on Consumer Protection for east, south and Southeast Asian countries in New Delhi.
About International Conference on Consumer Protection:
i. This conference is being hosted by the Department of Consumer Affairs under Union Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development.
ii. Theme of this conference is ‘Empowering Consumers in New Markets’.
iii. Representatives from 22 countries from East, South and South-East Asia participated in this conference.
iv. During the course of this conference, six working sessions will be held on subjects of United Nations Guidelines for Consumer Protection and Implementation, protection of online consumers, stakeholder participation in consumer protection, consumer empowerment through education, fostering consumer inclusion in financial services and protection of vulnerable groups of consumers.
Rajasthan passes bill increasing OBC quota to 26%
On October 26, 2017, Rajasthan State Assembly passed Backward Classes (Reservation of Seats in Educational Institutions in the State and of Appointment and Posts in Services under the State) Bill, 2017 which increases reservation for Other Backward Classes (OBC) in the state from 21 per cent to 26 per cent.
i. The 5 per cent quota hike will apply to five castes – Gujjar/Gurjar, Banjara/Baldia/Labana, Gadia-Lohar/Gadalia, Raika/Rebari and Gadaria which were earlier grouped as the special backward classes.
ii. With the passage of this bill, reservation in Rajasthan now stands at 54 per cent which is higher than 50 per cent ceiling set by the Supreme Court.
iii. However, Rajasthan State Government officials have mentioned that OBC quota is being increased in proportion to the increase in state’s OBC population, which is legally permissible.
iv. It is to be noted that in May 2017, Rajasthan High Court had struck down Rajasthan Special Backward Classes Act, 2015 which granted 5 per cent reservation to above mentioned five castes.
International Puppet Festival begins in Kolkata
Six-day ‘International Puppet Festival’ began in Kolkata, West Bengal on October 26, 2017.
About International Puppet Festival, Kolkata:
i. This festival is christened ‘PUN’ (Puppets Unite Neighbours).
ii. The festival is aimed to revive interest in puppet art in India and to bring together puppeteers from different countries.
iii. Puppeteers from countries like the UK, Germany, Peru, Portugal, Italy, Lithuania, Brazil and Singapore will perform during the course of this six-day festival.
iv. Through these performances, visitors will get information about various puppet art forms viz. glove, shadow, knee, giant, human, theatre, street, interactive and balloon puppetry.
v. Indian puppeteers including Ravi Bhat of ‘Kath Putli’ (Jaipur), Jitendra Advani of ‘Masti Maker Human Puppet’ (Jaipur) and Sudip Gupta of ‘Dolls Theater’ (Kolkata) will also perform at this International Puppet Festival.
Piyush Goyal launches Railway’s first set of solar plants with capacity of 5 MW
On October 27, 2017, Union Railway Minister, Piyush Goyal launched railway’s first set of solar plants with a total capacity of 5 megawatt peak (MWp) installed on the roof tops of Hazrat Nizamuddin, New Delhi, Anand Vihar and Delhi railway stations. Mr. Goyal launched these plants at the inauguration of the International Conference on Green Initiatives and Railway Electrification. 
More Information about Railway’s first set of solar plants with capacity of 5 MW:
i. These plants will generate will generate 76.5 lakh units of solar power cumulatively per year.
ii. 30 per cent of the energy requirement of these stations will be fulfilled by these plants and will thereby result in annual savings of Rs 421.4 lakh for Indian Railways.
iii. Besides, it will also reduce 6082 tonnes of CO2 emissions.
iv. This project was awarded in December 2016 and has been set up at a cost of Rs.37.45 crore under government’s National Solar Mission.
v. Under National Solar Mission, Indian Railways plans to commission 1000 MWp solar plants across its network.
Arunachal Pradesh CM Pema Khandu inaugurates Tawang festival
On 26th October 2017, Arunachal Pradesh Chief Minister Pema Khandu inaugurated the fifth edition of Tawang festival, at Tawang, Arunachal Pradesh.
Tawang festival:
i. Arunachal Pradesh Chief Minister Pema Khandu inaugurated the Tawang festival. The NEC (North Eastern Council) secretary Ram Muivah inaugurated the traditional games and sports competition.
ii. Exhibition stalls were inaugurated by the chief minister. They contain products and materials from horticulture, agriculture, forest and textile departments, NGOs and local community bodies.
iii. The Tawang festival is held for four days. Street show is held for three days. The show will also have cultural presentation from Adi, Nyishi and Monpa tribe.
About Arunachal Pradesh:
♦ Capital – Itanagar
♦ Governor – BD Mishra
♦ Chief Minister – Pema Khandu
Kiren Rijiju inaugurates Special Centre for Disaster Research at JNU
On October 26, 2017, Minister of State for Home Affairs Shri Kiren Rijiju inaugurated the Special Centre for Disaster Research at Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) in Delhi.
About Special Centre for Disaster Research at JNU:
i. The centre will offer Masters and Doctorate programmes in Disaster Risk Management (DRM).
ii. For the first year, the centre will focus on disaster research in North Eastern states of India.
iii. At the inauguration ceremony, Mr. Rijiju also launched the website of the Special Centre for Disaster Research.
iv. He also released the book ‘Disaster Law, Emerging Thresholds’ by Prof. Amita Singh, who is the first Chairperson of Special Centre for Disaster Research.
v. The inauguration took place during the two-day seminar on ‘Disasters and Community Resilience in the Northeastern States’, organised by JNU.
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
India, US to implement HOSTAC to strengthen maritime security
In a bid to strengthen maritime security, India and the United States have agreed to implement the programme for Helicopter Operations from Ships other Than Aircraft Carriers (HOSTAC).
i. This decision was taken during a meeting between Indian Defense Minister, Ms. Nirmala Sitharama and US Secretary of Defence Jim Mattis.
ii. The meeting between Ms. Sitharaman and Mr. Mattis was held on October 25, 2017 in Philippines on sidelines of ASEAN Defense Ministers’ Meeting – Plus.
iii. Besides taking a decision on HOSTAC, range of other initiatives to strengthen US-India defense cooperation and enhance India’s leadership role in the Indo-Pacific were also discussed during this meeting.
iv. It is to be noted that this was second meeting between Ms. Sitharam and Mr. Mattis in less than a month. The first one was held in September 2017, during Mr. Mattis’s visit to India.
Asia now has more billionaires than the US for first time
As per a report by UBS AG and Pricewaterhouse Coopers, Asia now has more billionaires than US, for the first time.
Highlights of Report by UBS AG and Pricewaterhouse Coopers:
i. In 2016, combined wealth of billionaires across the world increased 17 percent to $6 trillion.
ii. During 2016, 117 Asians entered the billionaire club for the first time, taking the total of billionaires in Asia to 637. Billionaire headcount for US stands at 563.
iii. Although Asia has surpassed U.S. in terms of number of billionaires, US billionaires still possess the greatest amount of wealth at $2.8 trillion.
iv. Only three new billionaires were added in Europe during 2016. Including the three, Europe lagged far behind with 342 billionaires.
v. The report has outlined that if the economic pace in Asian regions sustains, then in next four years Asia would overtake the U.S. as the world’s largest concentration of wealth.
Burundi becomes first country to leave International Criminal Court
African country Burundi has withdrawn from International Criminal Court (ICC) with effect from October 27, 2017 and has thus become the first nation to do so.
i. International Criminal Court is an international tribunal (located in Hague, Netherlands) having authority to prosecute individuals for the international crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes.
ii. In recent years, governments of three African countries, South Africa, Gambia and Burundi expressed their intent to leave ICC citing the reason that it focuses too much on African nations.
iii. Out of these, Gambia’s new government reversed its withdrawal in February 2017 and South Africa’s withdrawal was revoked in March 2017. Only Burundi went ahead with the withdrawal.
iv. It is to be noted that, Burundi has been facing deadly political turmoil since 2015, when incumbent President Pierre Nkurunziza sought third term and ultimately won.
v. A recent UN commission of inquiry report revealed that crimes against humanity, including murder and sexual violence are still being inflicted in Burundi.
Quick Facts about Burundi
♦ Capital – Bujumbura
♦ Currency – Burundian franc
♦ Current President – Pierre Nkurunziza
India to assist Sri Lanka in construction of 1,200 houses
On October 26, 2017, India and Sri Lanka signed two agreements for construction of 1,200 houses through 50 model villages in Sri Lanka.
i. Two MoUs were signed by Indian High Commissioner Taranjit Singh Sandhu and Secretary to the Ministry of Housing and Construction W K K Athukorala signed two Memorandum of Understanding (MoUs) in Hambantota, Sri Lanka.
ii. 1200 houses will be constructed with Indian grant assistance of 600 million rupees.
iii. 600 out of the 1200 houses will be constructed in the Southern Province, while another 600 will be constructed across Sri Lanka.
iv. These houses will be specifically allocated to low income landless and homeless beneficiaries.
v. Indian Government had committed 50000 houses for the Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) in the war-affected Northern and Eastern part of Sri Lanka. Nearly 46,000 houses have already been constructed.
Quick Facts about Sri Lanka:
♦ Capital – Colombo
♦ Currency – Sri Lankan rupee
♦ Current President – Maithripala Sirisena
4th ASEAN Defense Ministers Meeting (ADMM) Plus held in Clark, Philippines
On 24th October 2017, the 4th ASEAN Defense Ministers’ Meeting (ADMM)-Plus was held in Clark, Philippines.
4th ASEAN Defense Ministers Meeting (ADMM) Plus:
i. The 4th ASEAN Defense Ministers’ Meeting (ADMM)-Plus was hosted by the Philippine Department of National Defence. The meeting was chaired by Secretary of National Defence of the Philippines Delfin Lorenzana.
ii. Defence department leaders from 10 ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) nations and 8 dialog partners participated. They delivered speeches on regional security situations and issues of common concern.
iii. Union Defence Minister Nirmala Sitharaman represented India. This is her first foreign visit after taking charge as Defence Minister.
iv .At the ADMM-Plus, Chinese State Councilor and Defense Minister Gen. Chang Wanquan held bilateral talks with the defence ministers of Russia, Singapore, Malaysia and the Republic of Korea.
v. Also, Philippines and Russia signed two agreements: Agreement for Military-Technical Cooperation between the two countries and a contract for the Philippines’ procurement of defence articles from Rosoboronexport, a Russian company.
About 4th ASEAN Defense Ministers Meeting (ADMM) Plus:
♦ Host – Philippines
♦ Venue – ASEAN Convention Center, Clark, Pampanga, Philippines
BANKING & FINANCE
Asian Development Bank signs $65.5 mn Loan with GOI to support Coastal Protection in Karnataka
International financial institution, Asian Development Bank has signed a USD 65.5 million loan agreement with Government of India for checking coastal erosion on the western coast of Karnataka.
i. This is the second tranche of a USD 250 million financing facility under the Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management Investment Programme.
ii. The loan agreement was signed on October 26, 2017 in Bengaluru by Sameer Kumar Khare, Joint Secretary (Multilateral Institutions), Union Finance Ministry and ADB’s country director Kenichi Yokoyama.
iii. Funds procured through this loan will be deployed for immediate coastal protection needs and for strengthening institutional capacity of Karnataka’s public works, ports and inland water transport department.
iv. Coastal erosion in Karnataka is turning out to be a high risk to human wellbeing, economic development and ecological integrity.
Quick Facts about Asian Development Bank (ADB):
♦ Formation Year – 1966
♦ Headquarters – Manila, Philippines
♦ Current President – Takehiko Nakaho
BUSINESS
India has 3rd highest number of family-owned businesses
As per “CS Family 1000” report by Credit Suisse Research Institute, India has 3rd highest number of family-owned businesses in the world.
Highlights of “CS Family 1000” Report:
i. As per the report, there are 108 publicly-listed family-owned businesses in India, which is the third highest in the world.
ii. With 167 family-owned businesses, China is at the top followed by US, which has 121 such businesses.
iii. Average market capitalisation of family-owned companies of India is USD 6.5. On this parameter, India ranks 22ndglobally.
iv. Family-owned companies in Spain have highest average market capitalisation – USD 30 billion.
v. In context of this report, companies in which family or founder owns minimum shareholding of 20 per cent and/or minimum voting rights of 20 per cent is referred to as family-owned business.
vi. The report has outlined that financial performance of family-owned companies is also superior to that of non- family-owned peers.
SAP launches Asia Pacific Japan region’s first Leonardo Centre in Bengaluru
On 26th October 2017, SAP launched the Asia Pacific Japan (APJ) region’s first SAP Leonardo Center, in Bengaluru.
Leonardo Centre in Bengaluru:
i. The Leonardo Centre in Bengaluru is the first in Asia Pacific Japan region and the fourth SAP Leonardo Center globally.
ii. The centre is located in the SAP Labs India, Bengaluru campus. Other SAP Leonardo Centers are located in New York, Paris and Sao Leopoldo.
iii. The Leonardo Centre in Bengaluru will consist of digital transformation elements like IoT, Blockchain, Analytics, Machine Learning, Big Data, Data Intelligence and SAP Cloud Platform.
About SAP SE:
♦ German multinational software corporation
♦ Chairman – Hasso Plattner
♦ CEO – Bill McDermott
TCS, National University ink pact to train nearly 5,000 in Philippines
Indian software company, Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) has signed a pact with the National University in the Philippines to launch a comprehensive training programme aimed at enhancing the skills of university graduates for the job market.
i. Under this scheme, 5000 students of National University, Philippines will have access to digital courses, updated curriculum, faculty training, workshops and internships which will train them to acquire skills required in Information Technology (IT) and ITeS (IT Enabled Services) sector.
ii. This agreement is part of TCS’s Academic Interface Programme (AIP) aimed at collaboration with institutes of higher education for imparting training and skill development.
iii. Inaugural batch of 40 students will undergo training under this programme from November 2017.
iv. The course on Digital Marketing will train students in online marketing, content development and website creation.
Quick Facts about Tata Consultancy Services (TCS):
♦ Founded in – 1969
♦ Headquarters – Mumbai, India
AWARDS & RECOGNITIONS
Indian-Origin Gina Miller named Britain’s most influential black person
On 25th October 2017, Indian-origin campaigner, Gina Miller, became the UK’s most influential black person, by topping the 2018 ‘Powerlist’ of 100 people of African and African Caribbean heritage.
Gina Miller – Britain’s most influential black person:
i. On 25th October 2017, the 2018 ‘Powerlist’ of 100 people of African and African Caribbean heritage, was published by Powerful Media in London
ii. Gina Miller is 52 years old. She has been ranked the Britain’s most influential black person for winning a legal challenge that prevented British Prime Minister Theresa May from triggering Brexit without Parliament’s approval.iii. Gina Miller has been a vocal campaigner as part of a ‘Best for Britain’ drive. She lives under 24-hour security with her husband and three children in London after being targeted on social media for her stance against Britain’s exit from the European Union (EU).
iv. The ‘Powerlist’ is picked by an independent panel of judges. Editor of ‘Powerlist’ 2018 is Eva Simpson. Its publisher is Michael Eboda.
About Gina Miller:
♦ Occupation – Investment management
♦ Age – 52
AP CM Naidu receives ‘Golden Peacock Award’ in London
On 25th October 2017, Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister N Chandrababu Naidu received the Golden Peacock Award, at the 17th London Global Convention, held in London.
Golden Peacock Award:
i. Chandrababu Naidu received the ‘Golden Peacock Award’ under the category, Global Leadership in Public Service and Economic Transformation.
ii. Nara Bhuvaneswari, Chandrababu Naidu’s wife and managing director of the Heritage Foods received ‘Golden Peacock Award’ under the category Corporate Governance and Sustainability.
iii. The Golden Peacock Award was instituted by the Institute of Directors (IOD) of India in 1991. This award is regarded as a benchmark of corporate excellence worldwide.
iv. Earlier recepients of this award are anti-corruption activist Anna Hazare, agricultural scientist MS Swaminathan, Odisha Chief Minister Naveen Patnaik and former Delhi chief minister Sheila Dikshit.
About Institute of Directors (IOD):
♦ Purpose – association of directors to improve their professional competence
♦ Founded in – 1990
APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNS
USISPF announces Richard Verma as new board member
On 26th October 2017, the US-India Strategic Partnership Forum (USISPF) announced the addition of Richard Verma, former U.S. Ambassador to India and current Vice Chairman of The Asia Group, as its Board member.
Richard Verma – Board member of USISPF:
i. Richard Verma has been added as a board member of US-India Strategic Partnership Forum (USISPF). He is the 25th U.S. Ambassador to India. He was the first U.S. Ambassador to India to visit all Indian states during his tenure.
ii. He is currently the Vice Chairman of The Asia Group, where he leads the firm in South Asia. In addition, he is a Centennial Fellow at Georgetown University’s School of Foreign Service, and he co-chairs the Center for American Progress’ U.S.-India Task Force.
About US-India Strategic Partnership Forum (USISPF):
♦ President – Dr. Mukesh Aghi
♦ CEO- Gaurav Verma
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Scientists develop new tool to improve monsoon forecast
Researchers from Florida State University have developed a new tool for objectively defining the onset and departure of the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM).
Tool to improve monsoon forecast:
i. The researchers from Florida State University, US have developed a method that uses rainfall rates to mark the span of the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) at any given location throughout the affected region.
ii. The new system ties the onset of the monsoon to location-specific rainfall thresholds. The researchers said that, no existing system has allowed researchers to reliably define the parameters of the season with this precision.
iii. So far, regional meteorological departments relied on their own criteria for determining ISM onset, which often lead to contradictions. The new method would now allow to define the monsoon season using a standardised system.
About Florida State University:
♦ Chairman – Ed Burr
♦ President – John E. Thrasher
♦ Location – Tallahassee, Florida, United States
ENVIRONMENT
First Jurassic-era ‘fish lizard’ fossil found in India
An almost completely fossilized skeleton of ‘fish lizard’, a type of marine reptile that lived in the Jurassic-era, has been discovered for the first time in India from Kutch district of Gujarat.
Fossil of ‘fish lizard’:
i. The skeleton was discovered by a team of Indo-German geologists near the Kaas hills of Bhuj town, in January 2016. At that time, it was believed to be fossil of a dinosaur.
ii. After a year-long study experts have concluded that the fossil was of ichthyosaur from the Jurassic era. It is the first to be found in India. It is 5.5 metre long.
iii. It is thought to belong to the Ophthalmosauridae family, which lived between 165 million years and 90 million years ago.
iv.The study was published in the 25th October 2017 edition of PLOS ONE journal. The authors of the study are Guntupalli VR Prasad, Dhirendra K Pandey, Matthias Alberti, Franz T Fursich, MG Thakkar and Gaurav Chauhan.
About Gujarat:
♦ Capital – Gandhinagar
♦ Governor – Om Prakash Kohli
♦ Chief Minister – Vijay Rupani
SPORTS
China secure maiden Hockey World Cup qualifications
The International Hockey Federation (FIH) declared that China have qualified for the Hockey World Cup for the first time.
i. China’s place was confirmed when South Korea drew 1-1 with Malaysia, a result which put the Malaysians into the final against India.
ii. While China created history, it was a dark day for the South Korean team which will not be part of the World Cup for the first time since 1998 event in Utrecht, Netherlands.
iii. Winning the Hero Asia Cup 2017 was Korea’s final chance to achieve World Cup qualification, but that dream was ended.
iv. China is the 15th team to qualify for the World Cup, joining host India, Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Canada, England, Germany, Ireland, Malaysia, Netherlands, New Zealand, Pakistan, Spain and France at the prestigious 16 nation event.
Amanpreet wins bronze at ISSF World Cup Final
India’s Amanpreet Singh secured third place in the 50-metre pistol final at the International Shooting Sport Federation World Cup Final in Delhi on October 27, 2017
i. He shot 76 out of 80 targets, three behind gold medallist Hu Binyuan (79).
ii. This is Sangram’s first-ever medal in senior level, earlier he had won a gold at the Asian Shooting Championship for junior back in 2009 and silver in World cup.
iii. Amanpreet shot 202.2 to win the bronze in the final of men’s 50m pistol at the Dr Karni Singh Shooting ranges.
iv. Rai could manage only 123.2 to finish last in the seven- man final.
v. This was India’s first individual medal in the ongoing edition of the prestigious tournament.
vi. Overall, this was the host nation’s second medal in the tournament following Jitu Rai and Heena Sidhu’s gold in 10m mixed air pistol on the opening day.
ISSF
♦ Founded – 1907
♦ Headquarters – Munich, Germany
♦ President – Olegario Vazquez Rana
OBITUARY
Manikchand Group chairman Rasiklal Dhariwal dies of cancer
On 24th October 2017, Rasiklal Dhariwal, an industrialist popularly known as the ‘gutkha baron’, died due to parotid gland cancer, at Ruby Hall Clinic, in Pune.
Death of Rasiklal Dhariwal:
i. Rasiklal Dhariwal was 78 years old. He died due to parotid gland cancer on 24th October 2017. He is survived by his wife, son and four daughters.
ii. Rasiklal Dhariwal was the chairman of Manikchand group of companies. He was born in Shirur tehsil of Pune district.
iii. Dhariwal started his business as a tobacco trader. He inherited the beedi business from his father. Later, he became a manufacturer of gutkha and one of the biggest producers of the tobacco product in India.
About Rasiklal Dhariwal:
♦ Position – Chairman of Manikchand group of companies
♦ Main business – Tobacco trading
Punathil Kunjabdulla, Distinguished Malayalam Writer, Passes Away
On 27th October 2017, Malayalam writer Punathil Kunjabdulla passed away at a private hospital, in Kozhikode, Kerala.
Death of Punathil Kunjabdulla:
i. Kunjabdulla was 77 years old. He was suffering from an aging-associated disease for a long time. On 27th October 2017, he died at a private hospital in Kozhikode.
ii. Kunjabdulla was born in Badagara near Kozhikode, in Kerala. He was a doctor by profession. He did his MBBS from the Aligarh Muslim University.
iii. He was a well-known Malayalam writer. He had published more than 45 books, including 7 novels, 15 short story collections, memoirs, an autobiography and travelogues.
iv. He had received both the state and national-level Sahitya Akademi awards for his works. Some of his well-known works are ‘Aligadhile Tadavukaran’ and ‘Marunnu’.
About Punathil Kunjabdulla:
♦ Occupation – writer, short-story writer, doctor
♦ Awards – Kendra Sahitya Akademi Award, Kerala Sahitya Akademi Awards, Muttathu Varkey Award, Vishwadeepam Award
IMPORTANT DAYS
Infantry Day – October 27
On 27th October 2017, Infantry Day was celebrated by the Indian Army.
Infantry Day:
i. Wellington Military Station celebrated the 71st Infantry Day on 27th October 2017. A wreath laying ceremony (laying flowers at a memorial site) was organized at the war memorial of the Madras Regimental Centre.
ii. Wreaths were laid in the honour of infantry men who made sacrifice for India. 27th October is celebrated as Infantry Day, since, on this day in 1947, the first contingent of infantry landed at Srinagar Airfield. They fought against intruders to save the Kashmir Valley.
About Wellington Military Station:
♦ Location – Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu
♦ Purpose – Regimental Centre for the Madras Regiment of the Indian Army
World Day for Audiovisual Heritage – October 27
On 27th October 2017, World Day for Audiovisual Heritage was observed all over the world.
World Day for Audiovisual Heritage:
i. The World Day for Audiovisual Heritage is celebrated to mark the adoption, of the Recommendation for the Safeguarding and Preservation of Moving Images, by the 21st General Conference, in 1980.
ii. Theme for The World Day for Audiovisual Heritage 2017 is “Discover, remember and share”. This day aims to create awareness to preserve and acknowledge the importance of audiovisual documents.
iii. The World Day for Audiovisual Heritage is an initiative taken mainly by UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) and the CCAAA (Coordinating Council of Audiovisual Archives Associations).
About CCAAA:
♦ Full form – Coordinating Council of Audiovisual Archives Associations
♦ Purpose – group of international private organizations working on audiovisual archiving
