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Current Affairs 12 December 2025

We are here for you to provide the important Recent and Latest Current Affairs December 12 2025, which have unique updates of Latest Current Affairs 2025 events from all newspapers such as The Hindu, The Economic Times, PIB, Times of India, PTI, Indian Express, Business Standard and all Government official websites.

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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

India and Sweden Launches 7 Green Tech Projects to Carbonize Steel and Cement SectorsIn December 2025, India and Sweden have launched seven collaborative decarbonisation projects to reduce carbon(C) emissions in the steel and cement sectors, marking a joint effort to support India’s net‑zero by 2070 goals and promote sustainable industrial practices.

  • The projects span hydrogen use in rotary kilns for low-carbon steelmaking, steel-slag recycling to produce green cement, and the application of Artificial Intelligence(AI) tools to accelerate decarbonisation in cement production.

Key Details of Partnerships:
Project Framework: The seven selected initiatives are structured as pre-pilot feasibility studies under the LeadIT Industry Transition Partnership.
Support: They are jointly supported by India’s Department of Science and Technology(DST) under the Ministry of Science & Technology(MoS&T) and the Swedish Energy Agency.
Indian Companies: Tata Steel Limited, JK Cement Limited, Ambuja Cements Limited, Jindal Steel and Power Limited, Prism Johnson Limited, and My Home Industries Private Limited.
Swedish Partners: Cemvision, Kanthal, Swerim, Höganäs AB, Metsol AB, Captimise AB.
Research Institutes: IIT (Indian Institute of Technology) Bombay, IIT-ISM (Institute for Supply Management) Dhanbad, IIT Bhubaneswar, IIT Hyderabad, Datta Meghe College of Engineering.
Alignment : Supports India’s net-zero targets by 2070, contributing to the country’s long-term climate ambitions and clean infrastructure development.
>>Read Full News

PFRDA Issues New Investment Rules For Government-Sector Pension SchemesOn December 10, 2025, the Pension Fund and Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA) released ‘Master Circular on Investment Guidelines issued for government‑sector pension schemes’, including Unified Pension Scheme (UPS), National Pension System (NPS) for Central/State Government subscribers, Corporate Government (CG) NPS, NPS Lite, Atal Pension Yojana (APY), and APY Fund Scheme.

  • The PFRDA master circular takes effect immediately and replaces the guidelines issued in March 2025.

Pension Fund Investment and Allocation Framework:
Government Securities (G-secs): Pension funds are allowed to invest up to 65% of the portfolio in the G-secs, the safest instruments.
Debt Instruments: Funds may invest up to 45% in corporate bonds and other debt instruments such as infrastructure debt and bank deposits, subject to credit-rating requirements.
Short-term debt instruments: Pension Funds can make investments up to 10% in short term debt instruments like Commercial Paper (CP), Certificate of Deposit (CoD) etc.
Equity Exposure: Equity exposure is capped at 25%, with funds allowed to buy shares through IPOs, FPOs and offers for sale, as well as through index-linked investments.
Asset Backed Funds: A maximum of 5% can be invested in Asset Backed, Trust Structured and Miscellaneous Investments.
Broadened Investment Options: Pension funds (PFs) can now invest in Gold & Silver Exchange-Traded Fund (ETF), Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) and Infrastructure Investment Trusts (InvITs) (with rating and exposure limits), AAA-rated Municipal Bonds (MBs), and Government Debt ETFs, enhancing diversification, risk management, and liquidity.
>>Read Full News

DST Secretary Prof. Abhay Karandikar Virtually Inaugurates IITM C-DOT Samgnya Technologies Foundation in TNOn December 10, 2025, Professor Abhay Karandikar, Secretary, Department of Science and Technology (DST) under the Ministry of Science & Technology(MoS&T), virtually inaugurated Indian Institute of Technology -Madras (IIT-M), Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT) Samgnya Technologies Foundation, India’s National Hub for Quantum communication, at the IIT Madras Research Park in Chennai, Tamil Nadu(TN).

  • This foundation has been established under the National Quantum Mission (NQM), an initiative by the Government of India (GoI).

About National Hub for Quantum communication
Collaboration: The IITM C‑DOT Samgnya Technologies Foundation will lead India’s work in quantum-secure communication by working with universities, industry, and global partners.
Focus: It will focus on Quantum Cryptography and Post-Quantum Security; Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) Networks; Quantum Memory and Repeaters;  and Satellite-based Quantum Communication.
Significance: This initiative marks India’s first dedicated national-level hub focused on quantum communication technologies under NQM. It is one of the four thematic hubs established under NQM. The other three thematic hubs include

  • Quantum Computing Hub at Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru (Karnataka)
  • Quantum Sensing & Metrology Hub at Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay, Mumbai (Maharashtra)
  • Quantum Materials & Devices Hub at IIT Delhi, New Delhi (Delhi).

>>Read Full News

NITI Aayog’s AIM and HUL Partner to Launch Start-up Acceleration Programme
In December 2025, National Institution for Transforming India (NITI) Aayog’s Atal Innovation Mission (AIM), partnered with Hindustan Unilever Limited (HUL) to launch a nationwide start-up acceleration programme designed to accelerate India’s transition to a circular economy.

Exam Hints:

  • What? Announcement of Start-up Acceleration Programme
  • Launched by: NITI Aayog’s AIM and HUL
  • Aim: To drive India’s transition to a Circular Economy
  • Under: HUL’s Circular Bharat project
  • Selection Process: 50 high potential startups in circular economy (next 3 years)

About Start-up Acceleration Programme:
Framework: The programme will be implemented under Circular Bharat, a flagship project of HUL.
Target: This new programme will identify and support 50 high-potential circular economy start-ups over the next 3 years.
Priority Areas: The programme will prioritize startups providing innovative solutions in plastic recycling, reuse and refill models, and next-generation packaging materials.
Start-up Support: Selected start-ups will receive mentorship, grant funding, and pilot opportunities for market validation.

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

CITES CoP20: Global South Drives Critical Changes and Shapes Global Wildlife Trade PoliciesThe 20th meeting of the Conference of the Parties (CoP20) to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES) was held successfully from November 24 to December 05, 2025, at Silkroad Samarkand Expo Center in Samarkand, Uzbekistan, marking the 50th anniversary of the convention.

  • During the 12-day long meeting, member states adopted 353 decisions, held around 46 rounds of voting and reviewed 50 listing proposals that resulted in the addition of 77 species to CITES Appendices, with Global South playing an instrumental role in shaping wildlife trade policies.
  • Hosted by the National Committee on Ecology and Climate Change of the Republic of Uzbekistan, in partnership with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

Exam Hints:

  • What? COP20 CITES
  • Held From: November 24, 2025 to December 05, 2025
  • Venue: Silkroad Samarkand Expo Center (Samarkand, Uzbekistan)
  • Host: National Committee on Ecology and Climate Change of the Republic of Uzbekistan, in partnership with UNDP
  • Significance: 50th anniversary of CITES
  • Key Result: Addition of 77 species to CITES Appendices
  • Other Key Approval:  To increase the CITES budget by 6.98% for 2026-28
  • Proposed by: Brazil, Senegal and Mexico

Key Changes in Appendix Status:
New Additions in Appendix-I: Species like: oceanic whitetip shark, whale shark, and all manta and devil ray, were added in Appendix-I, the highest-level of protection by CITES.

  • Also, Ecuador’s proposal to place all 3 species of Galapagos land iguana to Appendix-I was successfully adopted at the meeting.

Species from Appendix-II to Appendix-I: Ecuador also succeeded in uplisting the Galapagos marine iguana from Appendix-II to Appendix-I.

  • Similarly,  Cameroon efforts resulted in moving Home’s hinge-back tortoise from Appendix-II to Appendix-I.

Species Downlisted to Appendix-II: Kazakhstan’s saiga antelope and South Africa’s bontebok were removed from Appendix-II.

  • Mexico succeeded  in changing the protection status of Guadlupe fur seal and Parlatore’s podocarp from Appendix-I to Appendix-II due to improvements in their conservation status.

Other Keyhighlights:
India’s Opposition to EU Proposal: At COP20 CITES, India successfully opposed a European Union (EU) proposal to place guggul (Commiphora wightii) in Appendix-II.
CITES Budget: The convention successfully approved the combined proposal of Brazil, Senegal and Mexico to increase the CITES budget by 6.98% for 2026-28, aimed to fund the secretariat’s work programme.
About Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES):
Secretary-General (SG)- Ivonne Higuero
Headquarters- Geneva, Switzerland
Member States- 185 including 184 countries and the European Union (EU)
 Established- 1973

BANKING & FINANCE

IndusInd Bank, Jio-bp Launch IndusInd Bank Jio-bp Mobility+ Credit Card
On December 10, 2025, IndusInd Bank Limited, a private sector bank in India and Jio-bp, a Joint Venture (JV) between Jio and British Petroleum (bp), launched ‘IndusInd Bank Jio-bp Mobility+ Credit Card’, a co-branded fuel and lifestyle Credit Card, operating on the RuPay network.

  • This is IndusInd Bank’s first fuel-centric credit card and Jio-bp’s inaugural co-branded card product.

Exam Hints:

  • What? Launch of Co-Branded credit card
  • Who? IndusInd Bank and Jio-bp
  • Name of Card: IndusInd Bank Jio-bp Mobility+ Credit Card
  • Network: RuPay
  • Key Feature: UPI-enabled payments for fuel, dining, groceries, and cafe spends
  • Cost: Rs 499 joining fee

About IndusInd Bank Jio-bp Mobility+ Credit Card:
Key Feature: The card supports Unified Payments Interface (UPI)-enabled payments and is designed to benefit frequent vehicle users who refuel at Jio-bp stations and spend on groceries, dining, and cafe purchases.
Rewards: The card offers a 400 Smiles welcome bonus on the first fuel transaction, 12 Smiles per Rs.100 on fuel, convenience stores, and Wildbean Cafe at Jio-bp, monthly and annual milestone bonuses, 5 Smiles per Rs.100 on dining, groceries, and supermarkets, and a Rs.200 Wildbean Cafe voucher on the first cafe transaction.
Perks: The cardholders benefit from a 1% fuel surcharge waiver at Jio-bp, 24×7 roadside assistance in select cities, and the convenience of UPI payments while earning rewards.
Costs: The card has a joining fee of Rs.499 with Goods and Services Tax (GST), which is waived if Rs.10,000 is spent in the first 30 days, and a 3.5% foreign transaction fee for international expenditure.

SBI, BoB Received RBI’s Approval to Set Up Fraud Detection Platform
In December 2025, State Bank of India (SBI) and Bank of Baroda (BoB), received approval from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to establish the Indian Digital Payment Intelligence Corporation (IDPIC), aimed at developing a digital payments intelligence platform.

  • It aims to detect and curb fraudulent digital transactions across all Public Sector Banks(PSBs).

Exam Hints:

  • What? Received RBI’s Approval to set up IDPIC
  • By Whom: SBI and BoB
  • Purpose: To develop a digital intelligence platform
  • Legal Structure: Section 8 Company under Companies Act, 2013
  • Capital: Authorised capital Rs.500 crore, paid-up capital Rs.200 crore
  • Shareholding Exemption: PSBs allowed to hold >30% stake in IDPIC

About IDPIC:
Legal Structure: The proposed company IDPIC will be established as a Section 8 Company (a special type of non-profit organisation) under the Companies Act, 2013.
Capital: The proposed company will be set with an authorised capital of Rs 500 crore and paid-up capital of Rs 200 crore.
Shareholding: The Department of Financial Services (DFS), Ministry of Finance (MoF) granted exemption to both PSBs from a Section 19(2) of the Banking Regulation(BR) Act, 1949, thereby allowing them to hold more than 30% stake in IDPIC till October 2026.

ECONOMY & BUSINESS

ADB Raised India’s Growth Forecast to 7.2% for FY26In December 2025, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) released the latest edition of Asian Development Outlook (ADO) titled ‘Asian Development Outlook (ADO) December 2025: Growth Steadies But Uncertainty Lingers ’.  The report has raised India’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth forecast by 70 basis points (bps) i.e. to 7.2% for Financial Year 2025-26 (FY26) compared to its previous estimate of 6.5%.

  • This upward projection in India’s growth rate was due to the country’s stronger-than-expected  growth in the second quarter (Q2: July to September) of FY26 i.e. 8.2%, driven by the robust domestic consumption supported by Goods and Services Tax (GST) reforms
  • However, it has retained India’s GDP growth projection for FY27 at 6.5%.

Exam Hints:

  • What? Release of ADO December 2025
  • Released by: ADB
  • India’s GDP Forecast: 7.2% for FY26 (+70 bps) and 6.5% for FY27 (unchanged)
  • India’s Inflation Projection: 2.6% (FY26) and 4.2% (FY27)
  • Developing Asia Growth Forecast: 5.1% (CY25) and 4.6% (CY26)
  • Inflation in Developing Asia: 1.6% (CY25) and 2.1% (CY26)

Key Projections:
India’s Inflation: The latest outlook has also revised down its projection for India’s inflation to 2.6% for FY26, from its previous estimate of 3.1%.

  • The report cited that this downward forecast was due to GST reductions and food rice inflation for a second successive month, supported by strong agricultural output and favorable weather conditions.
  • The report projected that inflation will increase to 4.2% (in FY27), nearer to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) inflation target.

Developing Asia Growth Rate: The report has also upgraded its growth forecast for economies in developing Asia and the Pacific (developing Asia) for Calendar Year 2025 (CY25) by 0.3 percentage points or 30 bps, from 4.8% (projected in ADO September 2025) to 5.1%.

  • Similarly, the report has raised the region’s growth outlook for CY26 by 0.1 percentage points or 10 bps i.e. to 4.6%

Inflation in Developing Asia: As per the report, inflation in developing Asia is projected to decline in CY25, from 1.7% (projected in September 2025 edition) to 1.6%, mainly reflecting lower than food inflation in India.

  • However, the report has kept the region’s inflation forecast for CY26 unchanged i.e. at 2.1%.

About Asian Development Bank(ADB):
President- Masato Kanda (Japan)
Headquarters-Manila, the Philippines
Members Nations- 69 (49 members nations are from Asia-Pacific region)
Established- 1966

Amazon to Invest USD 35 billion in India by 2030On December 10, 2025, Amazon, an American multinational technology company, announced that it will invest over USD 35 billion in India by 2030 during the Amazon Smbhav Summit in New Delhi, Delhi.

  • During the summit, Amazon also signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Gati Shakti Vishwavidyalaya (GSV), under the Ministry of Railways(MoR), to collaborate on education, research, and skill development initiatives.

Key Details:
Areas of Investment: Amazon aims to expand the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-powered tools for businesses and education, boost India-enabled exports from USD 20 billion to USD 80 billion by 2030 by supporting Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs).

  • It also aims to create a total of 3.8 million jobs in India, including about 1 million new jobs.

Areas of Cooperation: Under the MoU, Amazon will share its expertise with GSV faculty and provide students with industry insights.

  • The partnership will also co-develop courses on AI, automation, and logistics, and collaborate on research in transportation, digital freight, drone operations, and sustainable mobility, offering internships and

About Gati Shakti Vishwavidyalaya (GSV)
University Chancellor – Union Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw (MoR)
Headquarters – Vadodara (Gujarat)
Establishment – 2022
>>Read Full News

AWARDS & RECOGNITIONS

DBS Named Global Bank of the Year 2025 by The Banker
In December 2025, Singapore-based DBS Bank was named Global Bank of the Year 2025 by The Banker, a publication of Financial Times, during its annual Bank of the Year Awards 2025 held in London, the United Kingdom(UK).

  • This is DBS’s third global win in the category after 2018 and 2021.

Exam Hints:

  • What? DBS Bank named Global Bank of the Year 2025
  • By Whom? The Banker (Financial Times Group)
  • Other Awards: Asia Bank of the Year, Singapore Bank of the Year, Investment Bank of the Year – Asia, Investment Bank of the Year – Financial Institutions Group
  • Significance: Third win (2018, 2021, 2025)
  • DBS Standing: Holds two concurrent global best bank titles  from Euromoney and The Banker

About DBS’s Recognition :
Selection: DBS was selected from 294 participating banks worldwide, with the 2025 awards spanning 132 countries across diverse banking categories.
Additional Honours: Along with the Global Bank of the Year 2025 title, DBS also clinched multiple regional and category awards, including Asia Bank of the Year, Singapore Bank of the Year, Investment Bank of the Year – Asia, and the first-ever Investment Bank of the Year.
Global Recognition: With this achievement, DBS now holds Best Bank titles from both ‘The Banker’ and ‘Euromoney’ in 2025, further solidifying its strong and distinguished global standing.

  • This recognition marks DBS’ ninth global Best Bank award from a major financial publication since its first win in 2018.

Indian-origin Arkin Gupta Featured in 2026 Forbes 30 Under 30 List in FinanceIn December 2025,United State of America(USA) based Indian-origin financial innovator Arkin Gupta was featured in the annual Forbes 30 Under 30 list for 2026 in the Finance category, published by Forbes magazine in recognition of his impactful contributions to financial innovation, including the development of data-driven investment frameworks and early-stage investment strategies.

Exam Hints:

  • What? Featured in Forbes 30 Under 30 list
  • Who? Arkin Gupta (Indian-origin fintech innovator)
  • Recognition For: Pioneering work in financial innovation and data-driven investment.
  • Key Focus: Developing scalable financial products and democratizing access to investment tools.

Career Highlights:
Current Role: Trader at global hedge fund Citadel, based in Miami, Florida(USA) where he works on quantitative trading and central risk strategies.​
Previous Key Role: Vice President(VP) & Head of the Central Risk Desk at Morgan Stanley, New York(USA), responsible for quantitative portfolio management and risk for the central risk book before moving to Citadel.
About the Forbes Recognition: 
Recognition & Contributions – Forbes honoured Arkin Gupta for his data-driven investment models, scalable financial products, and analytics-based frameworks that advance financial inclusion.
Focus – His work integrates Artificial Intelligence (AI), automation, and behavioural insights to simplify finance and support first-time investors.
Forbes 30 Under 30: An annual Forbes list recognising 600 young innovators across 20 industries, including AI, Finance, Healthcare, Media, Retail & E-commerce, Social Impact, Transportation & Aerospace, and more.

ENVIRONMENT

ZSI Discovered Two New Jumping Spider Species in MeghalayaIn December 2025, scientists from the Zoological Survey of India (ZSI) discovered two new species of jumping spiders Asemonea dentis and Colyttus nongwar in Meghalaya, highlighting the ecological significance of Northeast India as part of the Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot.

  • The findings were published in Zootaxa, a major international journal for animal taxonomy, which is published by Magnolia Press in Auckland, New Zealand.

Exam Hints:

  • What? Discovery of two new jumping spider species
  • Species: Asemonea dentis and Colyttus nongwar
  • Family: Salticidae (Jumping spiders)
  • Where? Meghalaya, Northeast India
  • Significance: Highlights ecological richness of Northeast India and underexplored biodiversity

About the New Species:
Family: Both species belong to the Salticidae family, known for stalking and pouncing on prey instead of spinning webs.
Asemonea dentis:

  • Genus: Only the third species of the genus Asemonea reported in India.
  • Etymology: Named dentis (Latin for “tooth”) due to a tooth-like projection on the male’s palpal femur.
  • Male: Males are greenish-brown with a V-shaped pale-yellow abdominal mark.
  • Female: Females are creamy-white with black patterns.

Colyttus nongwar:

  • Genus: Only the second Indian species of the Oriental genus Colyttus.
  • Etymology: Named after Nongwar village in the Khasi Hills where it was discovered.
  • Appearance: Both sexes have an oval reddish-brown carapace and a light-brown abdomen with a creamy band and five chevron-shaped patches.

New Spider Records from Meghalaya: The discoveries add to a growing list of recent spider records from Meghalaya, including Irura meghalaya (new species, May 2025) and the first Indian record of Thiania abdominalis, showing that arachnid diversity in the region is far from fully documented.
About Meghalaya:
Chief Minister (CM) – Conrad Kongkal Sangma
Governor – Chandrashekhar H. Vijayashankar
Capital – Shillong
Wildlife Sanctuary (WLS) – Baghmara Pitcher Plant WLS, Nongkhyllem WLS

SPORTS

Germany Defeats Spain to Win FIH Men’s Junior Hockey World Cup 2025 in ChennaiThe 14th edition of the International Hockey Federation or Fédération Internationale de Hockey (FIH) Men’s Junior Hockey World Cup 2025 was held at the Mayor Radhakrishnan Hockey Stadium, Chennai, Tamil Nadu (TN), and Madurai International Hockey Stadium in Madurai, TN, from 28 Nov – 10 Dec 2025.

  • Germany clinched its eighth FIH Men’s Junior Hockey World Cup by defeating Spain 3–2 in a shoot-out after a 1–1 draw in regulation time in the final held in Chennai, TN.
  • India secured bronze medal by overturning a 0-2 deficit to defeat Argentina 4-2.

Exam Hints:

  • What? FIH Men’s Junior Hockey Junior World Cup 2025
  • Edition: 14th Edition
  • When? 28 Nov – 10 Dec 2025
  • Where? Mayor Radhakrishnan Hockey Stadium, Chennai (TN) and Madurai International Hockey Stadium in Madurai (TN)
  • Organiser: International Hockey Federation (FIH)
  • Winner: Germany – Gold (eighth title)
  • Runner-up: Spain – Silver
  • Third Place: India won Bronze by defeating Argentina (4-2)

About 2025 FIH Men’s Junior Hockey World Cup:
Medal Outcome: Germany won the gold medal, while Spain secured the silver.

RankTeamMedal
1GermanyGold
2SpainSilver
3IndiaBronze

India Score: All four goals came in the final quarter from Ankit Pal (49′), Manmeet Singh (52′), Sharda Nand Tiwari (57′), and Anmol Ekka (58′)
Previous Golds of India: India won the FIH Men’s Junior Hockey World Cup gold medals in 2001 and 2016.
Fifth Place: Belgium defeated the Netherlands 4-3 in a shoot-out after a 3-3 draw in regulation, led by Hugo Labouchere’s hat-trick in the 18th, 30th, and 58th minutes.
Rewards: In recognition of the historic victory, Hockey India announced Rs. 5 lakh for each player and Rs. 2.5 lakh to each member of the support staff.
Background: The FIH Men’s Hockey Junior World Cup, started in 1979, is a biennial under-21 world championship organized by the International Hockey Federation (FIH), held every two years since 2021 (previously every four years from 1985).
About International Hockey Federation or Fédération Internationale de Hockey(FIH):
President – Tayyab Ikram
Headquarters – Lausanne, Switzerland
Established – 1924

IOA and CONI Signed Landmark MoU to Strengthen Bilateral Sports Cooperation
In December 2025, the Indian Olympic Association (IOA) and the Italian National Olympic Committee (CONI) signed a landmark Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for five years in New Delhi, Delhi, to strengthen bilateral cooperation in sports development.

Exam Hints:

  • What? IOA and CONI Signed Landmark MoU
  • Purpose: To strengthen Bilateral Sports Cooperation
  • Where? New Delhi, Delhi
  • Duration: 5 years

About the MoU between IOA and CONI:
Focus: The partnership prioritises high-performance training, coaching and technical exchanges, joint camps, collaborative sports science programmes, and development pathways for emerging athletes.
Dignitaries: The MoU was signed in the presence of Union Ministry Mansukh Mandaviya, Minister for Youth Affairs & Sports (MYAS), Antonio Tajani (Italy, Deputy Prime Minister(PM) and Minister of Foreign Affairs), P.T. Usha (President, IOA), and Luciano Buonfiglio (President, CONI).
Significance: The agreement strengthens India–Italy ties, improves access to world-class infrastructure and expertise, and supports India’s long-term Olympic ambitions.
Framework: The MoU establishes a structured system for promoting sports jointly and coordinating key collaborative programmes across training, infrastructure, and knowledge exchange.

IMPORTANT DAYS

International Mountain Day 2025-December 11The United Nations (UN) observes International Mountain Day (IMD) on 11 December each year across the world to raise awareness about the significance of mountains and the need for sustainable mountain development.

Background:
Official Designation: In 2003, the UNGA officially designated 11 December as IMD, making it an annual international observance.

  • The first observance of IMD took place on December 11, 2003.

Coordinating Agency: The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) serves as the nodal UN agency responsible for overseeing the global observance of IMD.
Logo of IMD:
Overview: The logo of International Mountain Day consists of three black equilateral triangles representing mountains:
Left triangle: It carries a blue diamond shape symbolizing snow and glaciers.
Middle triangle: It contains an orange circle representing mineral and natural resources.
Right triangle: It includes a green section showing crops and forest vegetation
>>Read Full News

UNICEF Day 2025 – December 11  The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Day is observed annually across the world on December 11, to commemorate the creation of the United Nations Children’s Fund by the United Nations General Assembly(UNGA) and Ludwik Rajchman in 1946.

  • December 11, 2025, marks the 79th anniversary of UNICEF’s establishment.

Exam Hints:

  • What? UNICEF Day 2025
  • When? December 11
  • 2025 Anniversary: 79th anniversary of UNICEF’s establishment.
  • Creation: United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund, established on December 11, 1946.
  • Integration into UN: Became permanent in 1953 and renamed United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF)
  • Nobel Prize: Nobel Peace Prize in 1965
  • Tagline Evolution: Unite For Children(2008); For Every Child(2016, incorporated into logo).

Background: 
Creation: UNICEF, originally called the United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund, was established by UNGA resolution 57(I) on December 11, 1946.
Integration into the UN System: UNICEF initially focused on providing food, clothing, and healthcare to children affected by World War II and later became a permanent part of the United Nations system in 1953, adopting the name United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF).
Nobel Recognition: UNICEF’s outstanding contributions to child welfare were recognized with the Nobel Peace Prize on October 26, 1965.
Tagline Evolution: In 2008, UNICEF adopted “Unite For Children” as its official tagline. Later, in 2016, “For Every Child” was introduced as its brand strategy and incorporated into the UNICEF logo.
About United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF): 
Executive Director(ED)- Catherine M Russell
Headquarters- New York, United States of America (USA)
Established-1946
Member Countries- 190

STATE NEWS

Gujarat Launches Smart Blue Harbours to Boost Fisheries, Food Security, and Coastal Economy
In December 2025, Gujarat launched a strategic initiative to develop world-class Smart Blue Harbours under Technical Cooperation Programme (TCP) at Jakhau (Gujarat), Vanakbara (Diu), and Karaikal (Puducherry) to strengthen coastal infrastructure, boost fisheries development, and promote sustainable growth under India’s Blue Economy framework.

  • The initiative is being executed under a signed collaboration between the  Department of Fisheries (DoF), Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying (MoFAHD), and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations (UN).agreement signed

Exam Hints:

  • What? Launch of Smart Blue Harbours under Technical Cooperation Programme (TCP)
  • By Whom? Department of Fisheries (DoF), MoFAHD, and FAO
  • Locations: Jakhau (Gujarat), Vanakbara (Diu), Karaikal (Puducherry)
  • Objective: Boost sustainable fisheries, coastal economy, livelihoods, and national food security

About Smart Blue Harbours Initiative:
Scheme: Supported by Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) with Rs 452.32 crore for smart, integrated fisheries infrastructure.
Infrastructure Upgrade: The project will add modern facilities including improved landing areas, jetties, repair zones, storage, and cold-chain systems to enhance post-harvest efficiency, support fishermen, and promote sustainable Blue Economy practices.
Jakhau Harbour: Located in Kutch and managed by the Commissioner of Fisheries(CoF), Jakhau Harbour is a key fishing hub supporting thousands of fishermen.

Telangana & Google Launches ‘Google for Startups Hub’ in Hyderabad
In December 2025, Government of Telangana and Google LLC, an American search engine company, launched ‘Google for Startups Hub’ at Technology Hub (T-Hub) in Hyderabad, Telangana.

  • The Startup Hub was inaugurated by  A. Revanth Reddy, Chief Minister (CM) of Telangana; and D. Sridhar, Information Technology (IT) and Industries Minister of Telangana.

Exam Hints:

  • What? Google for Startups Hub was launched
  • Who? Government of Telangana and Google LLC
  • Where? T-Hub in Hyderabad (Telangana)
  • Fund Support: Rs.1,000 crore through Startup Funds of Funds (Telangana Government)

About Google for Startups Hub:
Aim: The hub aims to empower startups, especially Artificial Intelligence (AI) -first ventures, by offering physical infrastructure, expert mentorship, access to Google specialists, and exposure to global markets.
Benefits for Startups: Selected startups will gain complimentary year-long coworking seats and access to a curated network of venture investors.
Founder Benefits: Participants gain Google’s guidance in AI, Machine Learning (ML), product development, user experience (UX), and go-to-market strategies, with dedicated programs for women, tier-2, and university-founded startups.
Startup Fund Support: Government of Telangana will support through a Rs.1,000 crore Startup Fund of Funds to nurture startups and aim for 100 Hyderabad-based Unicorns by 2034, along with policy and ecosystem initiatives
to strengthen AI, innovation, and deep-tech ventures.

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