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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

PM Narendra Modi Chairs 60th All India Conference of DGsP & IGsP in Raipur, ChhattisgarhIn November 2025, Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi chaired the 60th All India Conference of Director Generals of Police (DGsP) and Inspector Generals of Police (IGsP) held  at the Indian Institute of Management (IIM)-Raipur in Raipur, Chhattisgarh.

• The conference was held from November 28 to 30, 2025, under the theme titled “Viksit Bharat: Security Dimensions”.

About 60th All India Conference of DGsP & IGsP:
Dignitaries: Several dignitaries, including Union Minister Amit Shah, Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) and Ajit Doval, the National Security Advisor of India; were present.
Participation: The conference witnessed the physical participation of DGsP and IGsP from all States and Union Territories (UTs), heads of Central Armed Police Force (CAPF) and Central Police Organizations and virtual participation of over 700 officers of various ranks.
Significance: The conference serves as a platform for the senior police leaders and senior administrators to discuss operational, infrastructural, and welfare changes, share best practices, and express solutions for crime prevention, law and order, and internal security.
Key Outcomes: 
Technology Utilization: During the Conference, PM Narendra Modi emphasized the innovative use of technology, including Artificial Intelligence (AI) and National Intelligence Grid (NATGRID), under MHA, for actionable diligence, strengthening coastal security, and tackling drug abuse.
Proactive Measures: The conference also discussed Policing Roadmap for Vision 2047, Counterterrorism and Counter-radicalization strategies, Women’s safety using technology, strategies to bring back Indian fugitives abroad, and strengthening forensic capabilities for effective investigations.
Awards: During the conference, PM Narendra Modi distributed the President’s Police Medals for Distinguished Service to officers of the Intelligence Bureau (IB), MHA.

• He also presented awards to the three best performing cities in urban policing, a recognition instituted for the first time, with an aim to encourage innovation and improvement in urban policing.

About Chhattisgarh:
Chief Minister (CM) – Vishnu Deo Sai
Governor – Ramen Deka
Capital – Raipur
National Park (NP) – Indravati NP, Kanger Valley NP

India Re-Elected to UNESCO Executive Board for 2025-29 termIn November 2025, Indian Permanent Delegation to United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO) announced that India was re-elected to the UNESCO Executive Board for the 2025–2029 term.

• India’s re‑election signifies the international community’s confidence in its dedication to multilateralism and UNESCO’s mission across education, culture, science, communication, and information.

About India’s Re-Election:
Event: The announcement came during the 43rd UNESCO General Conference, held in Samarkand, Uzbekistan, where member states expressed confidence in India’s vision of inclusive and human-centric development.
India’s Membership: India was originally elected to the UNESCO Executive Board in 1952, soon after joining UNESCO in 1946, and has been re-elected multiple times, including in 2017 and most recently for the 2025–2029 term.
India’s Contribution: India has actively backed UNESCO initiatives in quality education, protection of intangible cultural heritage, scientific cooperation, and digital inclusion.

• Its re‑election reflects international support for these efforts and recognizes India’s growing leadership in global development dialogues.

About UNESCO Executive Board:
Overview: It is one of the three constitutional organs of UNESCO, alongside the General Conference and the Secretariat.
Functions: The Board oversees the implementation of UNESCO’s programmes and sets strategic priorities for the organisation.
About United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO):
Director-General (DG)– Khaled El-Enany(Egypt)
Headquarters– Paris, France
Established- 1945

IWAI Signs MoU worth Over Rs.6000 Crores to Modernize Ganga Waterways in UPIn November 2025, the Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI), under the Ministry of Ports, Shipping & Waterways (MoPSW), signed a series of Memorandum of Understandings (MoUs) worth over Rs.6000 crores, aimed at transforming river-based transport and tourism infrastructure along the Ganga National Waterway (NW)-1 in Uttar Pradesh (UP) during the India Maritime Week(IMW) 2025 held in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
Key Details of MoUs:
Overview: 25 MoUs were signed to enhance inland waterways, with UP focusing on Varanasi(UP) and the Ganga corridor.
Cruise Tourism: Signed MoUs worth Rs.800 crores with Heritage River Journeys Private Limited and Alaknanda Cruises Limited to introduce new cruise vessels and expand tourism on NW‑1.
Ship Repair & Terminal Development: Signed agreements with Government of UP to develop a ship repair facility with a budget outlay of Rs.350 crores in Varanasi.
EV Charging Station: Signed MoU worth Rs.100 crores for establishing electric vessel (EV) charging stations along the river Ganga.
Cargo Movement: Signed MoU with Rhenus Logistics India Private Limited for Rs.1000 crores to introduce modern tug-barge fleets.
Skill Development & Research Hub: Signed an agreement to establish a Regional Centre of Excellence (RCoE) with a budget outlay of Rs.200 crores in Varanasi.
Dredging Supervision: IWAI signed an MoU worth Rs.1,500 crores with National Technology Centre for Ports, Waterways, and Coasts (NTCPWC), a CoE at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT)-Madras, Chennai (Tamil Nadu, TN), for dredging supervision on NW-1.
Multimodal Connectivity: Signed MoU worth Rs.1,500 crores with Indian Port Rail & Ropeway Corporation Limited (IPRCL), MoPSW, with an aim to prepare Detailed Project Reports (DPRs) and Project Management Consultant (PMC) services.
>>Read Full News

Ministry of Coal Notified 18 New Prospecting Agencies to Boost India’s Coal SectorIn November 2025, the Ministry of Coal in exercise of powers under the second proviso to sub-section (1) of section 4 of the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957, notified 18 new private companies as Accredited Prospecting Agencies (APAs). This brings the total number of APAs notified by the Ministry of Coal to 45.

• These companies are all accredited by the Quality Council of India–National Accreditation Board for Education and Training (QCI-NABET).
• This move aimed to accelerate the exploration and operationalization of coal mines, which will further bolster India’s coal sector and bring India closer to the vision of ‘Aatmanirbhar Bharat (Self-Reliance)’.

About 18 New Accredited Prospecting Agencies:
Purpose: Following this recognition, 18 new agencies will now be able to carry out prospecting operations for the exploration of Coal and Lignite, offering more flexibility to coal block allottees.
New APAs: Name of the newly notified APAs are:

1. Indian Mine Planning and Consultants (Kolkata, West Bengal, WB);
2. Merrox Mining Solutions Pvt. Ltd. (Gurugram, Haryana);
3. United Exploration India Pvt. Ltd. (Kolkata, WB);
4. Maheshwari Mining Pvt. Ltd. (Kolkata, WB);
5. Natural Resources Division-Tata Steel Limited (East Singhbhum, Jharkhand);
6. Mining Associates Pvt. Ltd. (Bidwan);
7. Remco Coal Exploration Pvt. Ltd. (Chadrapur, Maharashtra);
8. South West Geological Exploration Ltd. (Gurugram, Haryana);
9. Geotechnical Mining Solutions (Dharmapuri, Tamil Nadu, TN);
10. Novomine India Pvt. Ltd. (East Khasi Hills, Meghalaya);
11. Surmise Consulting Pvt. Ltd (Delhi);
12. Kartikey Exploration and Mining Services Pvt. Ltd. (Nagpur, Maharashtra);
13. Mining Tech Consultancy Services Pvt. Ltd. (Ahmedabad, Gujarat);
14. Gems Projects Pvt. Ltd. (Ranchi, Jharkhand);
15. Revel Consulting Pvt. Ltd. (Ahmedabad, Gujarat);
16. CMMCO Technology Services Ltd. (Hyderabad, Telangana);
17. Jasni Geotech Pvt. Ltd. (Nagpur, Maharashtra); and
18. APC Drilling and Construction Pvt. Ltd. (Namakkal, TN).

Significance: The addition of these new agencies will help in reducing project timelines by nearly 6 months, eliminating the previous requirement for obtaining a prospecting license by the agency.

• By expanding the pool of APAs, the Government of India (GoI) is planning to use private sector resources, promote efficiency, competitiveness and technological innovation in the exploration ecosystem.
• These agencies will support the preparation of Geological Reports (GRs) required for auctioning coal blocks.

About Ministry of Coal:
Union Minister- Gangapuram (G.) Kishan Reddy (Constituency- Secunderabad,
Telangana )
Union Minister of State (MoS)- Satish Chandra Dubey (Rajya Sabha – Bihar)

Union Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw Inaugurates Semiconductor Training Labs at SCL Mohali, Punjab
In November 2025, Union Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw, Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), inaugurated the Semiconductor Process Gallery and PARANGAT Semiconductor Training Lab at the Semiconductor Laboratory (SCL) in Mohali, Punjab, highlighting its central role in positioning India as a major semiconductor nation under the India Semiconductor Mission (ISM).

About SCL Mohali Modernisation: 
Modernisation : Union Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw announced that the Government of India (GoI) is investing Rs. 4,500 crore to modernise and expand SCL Mohali. The upgrade will include new tools and advanced capabilities, aimed at boosting production to 100 times its current capacity.
Chip Handover: During the inauguration, 28 chips developed by various institutions and startups were handed over, highlighting SCL’s growing support for India’s domestic chip design ecosystem.
Achievements: Over the past year, the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) Bangalore Chip Integration and Innovation (ChipIN) centre conducted 5 MPW(Multi-Project Wafer) shuttle runs under the Chips to Start-up (C2S) Programme at SCL, receiving 122 designs from 46 institutions and successfully fabricating 56 student-designed chips for delivery.

IN, IIT Madras and Apollo Micro Systems Signs MoU for Indigenous Armaments
In November 2025, the Directorate General of Naval Armament Inspection (DGNAI) of the Indian Navy (IN) has entered a Joint Development  Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Indian Institute of Technology-Chennai (IIT-Chennai), Tamil Nadu(TN) and Apollo Micro Systems Limited (AMS) to collaboratively develop and manufacture next‑generation indigenous naval armament systems.

• The MoU was exchanged during Swavalamban 2025 at Manekshaw Centre, New Delhi, Delhi in the presence of Union Minister Rajnath Singh, Ministry of Defence(MoD).

Key Details of  MoU:
Focus: The partnership will focus on high-technology domains such as electronic warfare systems, precision guidance and control, and high-energy armament solutions, with future expansions planned for the Indian Army (IA), Indian Air Force (IAF), space applications and other defence sectors.
DGNAI Role: DGNAI will offer operational expertise, support product evaluation, and ensure all systems meet strict military standards for deployment across the IN and other defence platforms..
IIT Role: IIT-Chennai, acting as the Research Anchor, will lead the foundational and conceptual design stages. It will focus on developing cutting-edge, future-ready defence technologies and building strong intellectual property (IP) to address complex military challenges.
AMS Role: AMS, as the Technology Development and Manufacturing Partner, will convert laboratory research into rugged, field-ready defence systems using its four decades of technical expertise and advanced manufacturing infrastructure.

India Post Releases Commemorative Postage Stamp for NCPOR’s Silver Jubilee
On December 1, 2025, India Post, Ministry of Communications, released a commemorative postage stamp, marking the Silver Jubilee (25 years) of the National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research (NCPOR), under Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), at the Antarctica Day Celebration held at NCPOR in Vasco-da-Gama, Goa.

• Goa Governor Pusapati Ashok Gajapathi Raju and Chief Postmaster General Amitabh Singh unveiled the stamp alongside picture postcards and First Day Cover on Antarctica Day, commemorating the 1959 Antarctic Treaty.

About NCPOR:
Overview: NCPOR, established on April 5, 2000, is an autonomous research institution, which conducts research and exploration in polar regions such as Antarctica and Arctic and Oceans, focusing on climate, environment, and earth system science.

• Its focus areas include Polar research, Ocean research, Himalayan Cryosphere, and Environmental Monitoring

Expeditions: NCPOR has led 44 Antarctic expeditions, 14 Arctic missions, and 12 trips to the Southern Ocean.
Research Stations: Dakshin Gangotri, Maitri, Bharati (Antarctica); Himadri (Arctic); Himansh (Himalayas).

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Asia Power Index 2025: USA Retained Top Position; India Secured 3rd RankIn November 2025, Australian think tank, Lowy Institute released the 7th edition of Asia Power Index. As per 2025 rankings, India secured the 3rd position in Asia region, with overall power score of 40 out of 100, surpassing the threshold for classification as a ‘Major Power’ status.

• Last year, India was ranked among the ‘Middle Powers’, with an overall score of 38.1.
• The United States of America (USA) (1st)and China (2nd)retained their position as the only ‘Superpowers’ in Asia, with an overall score of 80.4 points and 73.7 points, respectively.

About Asia Power Index 2025:
Countries Assessed: This latest edition of Asia Power Index assesses the power of 27 countries and territories across Asia.
Classification: The index has classified countries into 4 main power categories based on their overall score: Superpowers (more than equal to 70 points); Major Powers (more than equal to 40 points); Middle Powers (more than equal to 10); and Minor Powers (less than 10 points)
Key Findings:
Middle Power Countries: Japan (4th), Russia (5th), Australia (6th), South Korea (7th), Singapore (8th), Indonesia (9th), Malaysia (10th), Thailand (11th), Vietnam (12th), New Zealand (13th), Taiwan (14th), the Philippines (15th), Pakistan (16th), North Korea (17th), and Brunei (18th).
Minor Powers: Papua New Guinea (27th)ranked lowest in the index with an overall score of 4.6 points; followed by Timor-Leste (ranked at 26th spot, 4.8 points); Nepal (ranked at 25th spot, 5.0 points); Mongolia (ranked at 24th spot, 6.0 points) and Myanmar (ranked at 23rd spot, 7.1 points).
>>Read Full News

Oxford University Press Names ‘Rage Bait’ as Word of the Year 2025
On December 1, 2025, Oxford University Press (OUP) announced the word “Rage Bait” as the Word of the Year 2025. The usage of the term “Rage Bait” has tripled in 2025, reflecting its growing presence in social media to increase outrage and polarize conversations.

About the word ‘Rage Bait’: 
Origin: The term first appeared in 2002 on Usenet, initially describing irritated driver reactions to overtaking signals, sowing the seeds for its current meaning of intentional provocation.
Definition: Rage Bait is defined as an online content deliberately designed to elicit anger or outrage by being frustrating, provocative, or offensive, typically posted in order to increase traffic to or engagement with a particular web page or social-media content.
Meaning: It denotes an online content designed to cause anger or outrage to generate engagement such as likes, comments, shares, in social media. It differs from clickbait which raises curiosity.
Other Shortlisted Words: Words such as “Aura farming” and “bio hack” were on the list.

BANKING & FINANCE

RBI governor releases five-year national financial inclusion strategy: NSFI:2025-30In December 2025, the “National Strategy for Financial Inclusion (NSFI):2025-30”, approved by the Sub-committee of the Financial Stability and Development Council (FSDC-SC) in its 32nd meeting, was formally released by Sanjay Malhotra, Governor, Reserve Bank of India (RBI).
Key Highlights
Objectives: The strategy of NSFI 2025-30 is anchored in five objectives, termed “Panch-Jyoti” supported by 47 action points: Expanding equitable and affordable services, promoting women-led inclusion, linking finance with livelihoods, leveraging financial education, and strengthening customer protection.
Developed: The NSFI 2025-30 has been developed under the Technical Group on Financial Inclusion and Financial Literacy (TGFIFL), following consultations nationwide with multiple stakeholders.
Objective 1
Improving the availability and use of Equitable, Responsible, Suitable, and Affordable Bouquet of Financial Services to achieve Financial Safety and Financial Security for households and micro enterprises.
Objective 2
Adopting Gender-Sensitive Approach for Women-led Financial Inclusion and Differentiated Strategies for Improving Financial Resilience of Households, especially the Underserved and Vulnerable Segments.
Objective 3
Synergizing Livelihood, Skill Development and Support Ecosystem and its linkages with Financial Inclusion.
Objective 4
Leveraging Financial Education as a Tool for Promoting Financial Discipline.
Objective 5
Strengthening the Quality and Reliability of Customer Protection and Grievance Redressal Measures.
>>Read Full News

ECONOMY & BUSINESS

CRISIL Raises India’s GDP Forecast to 7% for FY26 After Robust Q2 GrowthIn November 2025, CRISIL Ratings Limited, formerly Credit Rating and Information Services of India Limited, raised India’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) forecast for full Financial Year 2025-26 (FY26) to 7% from its previous estimate of 6.5%.

• This upward GDP projection was made after India’s real GDP was recorded at 8.2% in 2nd Quarter (Q2: July to September) of FY26.

Key Projections:
Nominal GDP: The credit rating agency further highlighted that India’s nominal GDP growth was modest i.e. at 8.7% (in Q2FY26) due to decrease in inflation.
GDP Growth for H2FY6: As per the agency,  India’s GDP growth rate  is expected to slow down to 6.1% in 2nd Half (H2: October to March) of FY26 compared to 8% growth rate recorded in 1st Half (H1: April to September) of FY26.

• This downward GDP forecast for H2FY26 is due to the impact of 50% tariffs imposed by the United States of America (USA).

Key Drivers: The agency highlighted that India’s higher real GDP growth was mainly driven by private consumption.

• The private consumption in India is supported by the recent Goods and Services Tax (GST) reforms, along with reduced income tax and interest rate cuts by the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) of RBI.
• Apart from private consumption, the Indian economy is also supported by a robust supply chain, significant growth in manufacturing and services sector.

About CRISIL Ratings Limited:
Chief Executive Officer (CEO) & Managing Director (MD)– Amish Mehta
Headquarters- Mumbai, Maharashtra
Established- 1987

APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

Ramakrishnan Chander Appointed as MD of LIC of India
On 1st December 2025, the Department of Financial Services (DFS), Ministry of Finance (MoF), Government of India (GoI) appointed Ramakrishnan Chander as the Managing Director (MD) of Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) with immediate effect until September 30, 2027, or until further orders, whichever is earlier.

• The appointment, issued under Section 4 of the Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) of India Act, 1956 and notified in the Gazette of India, Part II, Section 3, Sub-Section (ii)

About Ramakrishnan Chander:
Career Start: Joined LIC in 1990 as an Assistant Administrative Officer (AAO).
Experience & Expertise: Possesses over 35 years of experience in the insurance sector with diverse expertise spanning investment management, operations, marketing, and international business.
Previous Role: He was earlier serving as  Executive Director (ED) – Investment (Front Office), and Chief Investment Officer (CIO) at LIC.
Key Positions: Held key leadership positions including Senior Divisional Manager (SDM) in Nagpur and Hyderabad, Regional Manager (RM) – Pension & Group Schemes (P&GS) and Marketing in the South Zone, and Executive Director (ED) heading LIC’s Strategic Business Unit (BU) for International Operations.
About Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC):
Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Managing Director (MD) – R. Doraiswamy
Established – 1956
Headquarters – Mumbai, Maharashtra

Harmanpreet Kaur Named Brand Ambassador for Vedanta Pink City Half Marathon 2025
In November 2025, Harmanpreet Kaur, captain of the Indian women’s cricket team, was named the International Brand Ambassador for the 10th edition of Vedanta Pink City Half Marathon (VPCHM 2025).

• The 2025 marathon was held in Jaipur, Rajasthan, under Vedanta Ltd.’s #RunForZeroHunger initiative, highlighting its commitment to tackling child hunger.

About Vedanta Pink City Half Marathon (VPCHM 2025):
Event: Supported by Vedanta and organized by Any Body Can Run (ABCR), the marathon was flagged off by Priya Agarwal Hebbar, Non-Executive Director at Vedanta Ltd. and Chairperson of Hindustan Zinc Ltd., along with Harmanpreet Kaur, the International Brand Ambassador for VPCHM 2025.
Race Categories: The VPCHM offered three race categories: a 21 kilometer(km) Half Marathon for professional athletes, a 10 km “Cool Run” for intermediate runners, and a 5 km “Dream Run” tailored for beginners and families.
Poshan Pack Initiative: Under the initiative where every kilometre run translates into a “Poshan Pack” for children at Nand Ghars, the event successfully mobilized 1 lakh Poshan Packs, supporting Vedanta’s flagship effort to strengthen early childhood nutrition.

Usha Janakiraman Appointed as Executive Director at RBI
In December 2025, The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) appointed Usha Janakiraman as its new Executive Director (ED) effective from 1 December 2025, marking a significant advancement in her over three-decade-long career with the RBI.

• She will lead the Department of Supervision (DoS) as ED, focusing on risk assessment, data analysis, vulnerability monitoring, and strengthening the financial system’s oversight.

About Usha Janakiraman:
Experience: He is a seasoned Chartered Accountant (CA) with extensive experience at the RBI.
Previous Role: Chief General Manager-in-Charge (CGM-in-Charge), Department of Regulation, RBI Central Office, Mumbai, Maharashtra.
Positions held: Served in key areas including Financial Regulation, External Investment and Operations, Banking Supervision, Public Debt Management, and Currency Management.
Responsibilities: Served in key areas including Financial Regulation (FR), External Investment and Operations (EIO), Banking Supervision (BS), Public Debt Management (PDM), and Currency Management (CM).
Executive Directors: The RBI currently has 16 Executive Directors (EDs) who oversee and manage its various departments.

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Indian Navy Receives Fourth Nilgiri-class frigate ‘INS Taragiri’ from Mazagon DockIn November 2025, the Indian Navy (IN) inducted the Indian Naval Ship (INS) Taragiri (Yard 12653), the fourth ship of the Nilgiri‑class frigate(Project 17A) and the third constructed by Mazagon Dock Shipbuilding Limited (MDL), at MDL, Mumbai, Maharashtra.
About INS Taragiri (Yard 12653):
Heritage: Taragiri is the namesake of the earlier INS Taragiri, a Leander-class frigate that served in the IN from 16 May 1980 to 27 June 2013, completing 33 years of distinguished service.
Design & Construction:Designed by the Warship Design Bureau (WDB) and supervised by the Warship Overseeing Team (WOT, Mumbai), the P17A frigates represent a major leap in indigenous ship design, stealth, survivability, and combat capabilities.

• Following the Integrated Construction approach, the ship was built and delivered within the planned timelines.

Project 17A: Project 17 Alpha is an initiative approved by the Government of India (GoI) to build seven advanced warships and frigates for the IN.
Delivery: The first ship, INS Nilgiri, built by MDL, was delivered to the IN in December 2024.

• With INS Taragiri, four ships of Project 17A have been delivered. The remaining three ships (one by MDL and two by GRSE) are scheduled for progressive delivery by August 2026.

>>Read Full news

GSL Delivers Third FPV ‘ICGS Amulya’ to Indian Coast GuardIn November 2025, Goa Shipyard Limited (GSL) delivered ‘Indian Coast Guard Ship (ICGS) Amulya’, the third in a series of eight Fast Patrol Vessels (FPVs) built under India’s Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative for the Indian Coast Guard(ICG). The delivery underscores GSL’s contribution to defence indigenization and India’s Make in India initiative in maritime security.

• The ICGS Amulya was formally handed over in Vasco, Goa, with key attendees including Brajesh Kumar Upadhyay,Chairman & Managing Director(CMD), GSL ; and Commandant Anupam Singh, the Commanding Officer, ICGS Amulya.

Background:
Contract : The contract for these 8 FPVs was awarded around 2022 under the “Buy (Indian–IDDM)” category, with Goa Shipyard Limited (GSL) handling both design and construction.
Previous Vessels: Earlier vessels in the series, including ICGS Adamya (first) and ICGS Akshar (second), were delivered and commissioned in 2025.
About ICGS Amulya: 
Specifications: The vessel measures 51.43 meters (m) in length, 8 m in breadth, with a displacement of 330 tons and a draught of 2.5 m.

•  It accommodates six officers and 35 sailors.

Propulsion & Performance: Powered by twin marine diesel engines with Controllable Pitch Propellers (CPP), the ship can achieve speeds over 27 knots and has an endurance of 1,500 nautical miles.
Operational Capability: The ship is capable of operating in high-sea conditions and is fitted with advanced navigation and communication systems for effective maritime domain awareness.
Role: ICGS Amulya is designed for fisheries protection, Exclusive Economic Zones(EEZ) surveillance, coastal patrol, anti-smuggling, anti-piracy, and search-and-rescue operations, enhancing the operational reach of the Indian Coast Guard.
Indigenous Capability: ICGS Amulya, with 60% local content and custom CPP propulsion, showcases India’s advanced shipbuilding and self-reliance.
About Goa Shipyard Limited (GSL):
Chairman & Managing Director (CMD)- Brajesh Kumar Upadhyay
Headquarters- Vasco-Da-Gama, Goa
Established- 1957

ENVIRONMENT

India Launched Operation Sagar Bandhu Amid Cyclone Ditwah Devastation in Sri Lanka
In November 2025, the Government of India(GoI) has launched Operation Sagar Bandhu to provide Humanitarian Aid and Disaster Relief (HADR) to Sri Lanka following widespread rains, floods, strong winds, and landslides caused by Cyclone Ditwah.

About Cyclone Ditwah:
Name: The name Ditwah, proposed by Yemen after Socotra’s scenic Detwah Lagoon, was added to the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UN ESCAP) Panel’s list by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO).
Naming by IMD: The India Meteorological Department (IMD), acting as the Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre (RSMC), officially assigns this name to a tropical cyclone once sustained winds reach 62 kilometers per hour (km/h).
Operation Sagar Bandhu:
India’s Naval Deployment: Indian Naval Ship (INS) Vikrant and INS Udayagiri delivered bulk relief supplies to Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Airlift: The Indian Air Force (IAF) deployed C-130J and IL-76 military transport aircraft from Hindan Air Base to airlift National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) teams and 21 tonnes of relief materials to Colombo.
Guiding Policy: India’s Neighbourhood First Policy (NFP) and Vision MAHASAGAR (Mutual and Holistic Advancement for Security And Growth Across Regions).

SPORTS

Max Verstappen Wins Qatar Grand Prix 2025Netherlands’ Max Verstappen, the four-time Formula One (F1) World Champion driving for Red Bull Racing, won the 2025 Qatar Grand Prix(GP), officially known as the F1 Qatar Airways Qatar GP 2025, held on 30 November 2025 at the Lusail International Circuit in Lusail, Qatar.

• The 2025 Qatar GP marked Max Verstappen’s 7th win of the 2025 F1 season, the 70th GP victory of his Formula 1 career, and his 126th podium finish in 232 career race entries.

Race Highlights:
Championship Round: It was the 23rd race of the 2025 F1 World Championship and the fourth edition of the Qatar GP.
Oscar Piastri: Started from pole, finished second, and remained 16 points off the championship lead.
Lando Norris: Finished fourth after being held up by Kimi Antonelli and Carlos Sainz, retaining a 12-point lead.
Top 5 Winners of Qatar Grand Prix 2025:

Top 3 – Formula One (FI) Drivers’ Championship:

Grand Prix: A GP is a major international motorsport race included in the Formula One World Championship, with the 2025 season comprising 24 events where drivers vie for points, podium finishes, and the overall championship.
Upcoming Grand Prix: The Abu Dhabi GP is scheduled for December 5–7, 2025, at the Yas Marina Circuit on Yas Island in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates(UAE).
About Fédération Internationale de l’Automobile (FIA):
FIA is the governing body and organiser of Formula One and other international motorsport events.
President – Mohammed Ben Sulayem (United Arab Emirates, UAE)
Headquarters – Paris, France
Established – 1904

IMPORTANT DAYS

National Pollution Control Day 2025- December 02National Pollution Control Day is observed every year in India on 2 December to honour the victims of the 1984 Bhopal Gas Tragedy and to raise awareness about pollution control, environmental protection, and industrial safety.

• 2 December 2025 marks the 41st anniversary of the Bhopal Gas Tragedy.

Theme:
2025 Theme: “Sustainable Living for a Greener Future”
Focus: This theme emphasizes adopting eco-friendly practices, reducing pollution at the source, and strengthening community participation in sustainable development.

About Bhopal Gas Tragedy:
Occurred on: The Bhopal Gas Tragedy, India’s first major industrial disaster, occurred on the night of 2–3 December 1984 when nearly 45 tons of Methyl Isocyanate (MIC) leaked from the Union Carbide India Limited (UCIL) pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh(MP).
Results:
Impact: The disaster caused about 25,000 deaths and long-term respiratory, neurological, and congenital health issues among survivors, sparking nationwide demands for stricter pollution control, stronger inspections, and better industrial safety.
About UCIL: It was the Indian subsidiary of the Union Carbide Corporation (UCC), a U.S.A (United States of America) -based chemical company.
Key Pollution Control Laws in India:
Overview: The Government of India(GoI) has implemented several laws and policies to control pollution and protect the environment.
Purpose: These measures focus on regulating industries, conserving natural resources, and promoting sustainable development.
Key Acts & Programmes:

• Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
• Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
•   Bhopal Gas Leak Disaster Act, 1985
• Environment Protection Act, 1986
• Factories Act, 1987
• Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991
•   Disaster Management Act, 2005
•   National Clean Air Programme (NCAP), 2019

About Central Pollution Control Board(CPCB):
The CPCB was set up in September 1974 under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974.
Chairman– Vir Vikram Yadav
Headquarters- New Delhi, Delhi

World Computer Literacy Day 2025 – December 2World Computer Literacy Day(WCLD) is observed every year across the world on 2nd December to promote basic computer and digital skills, especially among women and children.

• December 2, 2025 marks the observance of the 25th WCLD

Background:
Origin: WCLD was launched on 2nd December 2001 to mark the 20th anniversary of the National Institute of Information Technology (NIIT) and to help bridge the global digital divide.
First Observation: The first WCLD was observed on 2nd December 2001.
Digital Literacy Initiatives in India:
National Digital Literacy Mission (NDLM / Digital Saksharta Abhiyan – DISHA): Launched by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology(MeitY) in 2014. Aimed to make one person per eligible household digitally literate about 52.5 lakh people including Anganwadi, ASHA workers, ration dealers, by teaching basic computer and internet skills.
Pradhan Mantri Gramin Digital Saksharta Abhiyan (PMGDISHA): Launched in 2017 by the MeitY to expand digital literacy across rural India. It aims to ensure that every rural household has at least one digitally literate member.
Internet Saathi : Launched in July 2015 by Google India in partnership with Tata Trusts. The programme trains women in rural villages (called “Saathis”) who then teach other women in their community how to use the Internet, smartphones, and digital tools.
About National Institute of Information Technology (NIIT)
Chief Executive Officer (CEO) – Pankaj Jathar
Headquarters – Gurugram, Haryana
Established – 1981

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