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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Overview of PM Narendra Modi’s Visit to Karnataka and Goa on November 28, 2025Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi visited Karnataka and Goa on November 28, 2025, combining religious, cultural, and heritage engagements.
Highlights of PM Narendra Modi’s Visit to Karnataka:
Laksha Gita Programme: During his visit to Udupi in Karnataka, he took part in the Laksha Kantha Gita Parayana programme at Sri Krishna Matha, which was established over 800 years ago by Sri Madhvacharya, the founder of the Dvaita school of Vedanta philosophy.
Suvarna Teertha Mantapa: He also inaugurated the Suvarna Teertha Mantapa, situated in front of the Krishna sanctum in Udupi.

  • Apart from it, he dedicated the Kanaka Kavacha (golden cover) for the sacred Kanakana Kindi, a sacred window through which the saint Kanakadasa is  believed to have had the diving darshan of Lord Krishna.

Highlights of PM Narendra Modi’s Visit to Goa:
Inauguration of Statue of Lord Ram: PM Narendra Modi participated in the   ‘Sardha Panchashatamanotsava’, marking the 550th-year celebration of the Math, one of India’s oldest monastic institutions, in Partagali, Canacona, South Goa. It was made by famous sculptor Ram Sutar.

  • During the event, he unveiled the 77-foot bronze statue of Lord Ram, the world’s tallest, at Sri Samsthan Gokarn Partagali Jeevottam Math.
  • He also released a Rs.550 commemorative coin and postal stamp to mark the 550th-year celebration of the Math.

>>Read Full News

Government Approves ‘Tex-RAMPS’ Scheme to promote research, innovation in textilesIn November 2025, the Government of India (GoI) approved the Textiles Focused Research, Assessment, Monitoring, Planning and Start-up (Tex-RAMPS) Scheme, a major initiative aimed at strengthening research, innovation and overall competitiveness in the textile industry.
Key Highlights
Objective: The initiative is aimed at future-proofing the textiles and apparel ecosystem by addressing critical gaps in research infrastructure, data systems, innovation support, and capacity development.
Implementation: It will be implemented as a Central Sector Scheme (CSS), fully funded by the Ministry of Textiles (MoT) and aligned with the upcoming Finance Commission (FC) cycle.
Outlay and period: The scheme is implemented with a total outlay of Rs 305 crores (cr) for the period FY2025-26 (Financial Year 2025-26) to FY 2030-31.
>>Read Full News

India Signs Rs 7,995 crore deal with USA for Navy Copter SupportIn November 2025, the Ministry of Defence (MoD) has signed a five-year deal with the United States of America (USA) for “follow-on support” of the Indian Navy(IN’s) fleet of 24 MH-60R Seahawk helicopters, boosting operational readiness and promoting Aatmanirbhar Bharat.

  • The agreement, worth around Rs.7,995 crore, was formalised via Letters of Offer and Acceptance (LOAs) under the USA Foreign Military Sales (FMS) programme, in New Delhi, Delhi.

Exam Hints:

  • What? Signed a Rs 7,995 Crore deal
  • Between: MoD & USA
  • For? MH-60R Seahawk Helicopters
  • Initiative? Follow-on-Support
  • Initiative: Follow-on Support (spares, technical assistance, training, repair)
  • Original Procurement: Signed February 2020; first delivery: 2021
  • Maintenance Facilities: Component repair & periodic maintenance to be set up in India

Key Details of India-USA Deal:
Background: India signed the original procurement agreement for 24 helicopters in February 2020, and the first three helicopters were delivered in 2021.
Provisions: The contract includes provisioning of spares, support equipment, technical assistance, training, repair and replenishment of helicopter components.
Maintenance Facilities: Intermediate-level component repair and periodic maintenance facilities will be established in India to reduce dependence on foreign support.
Efficient Capabilities: The package ensures high operational availability, maintainability, and anti-submarine warfare capability for all MH-60R helicopters.
Ensurance of operation: The support ensures helicopters can operate effectively from both ships and dispersed locations, enhancing versatility for primary and secondary missions.
Boost to Domestic Defence Industry: Establishing repair and maintenance facilities in India will build local capabilities and enable Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises(MSMEs) and other Indian firms to actively contribute to defence manufacturing.
About MH-60R Seahawk helicopters :
Manufacturer: The MH‑60R Seahawk is a versatile naval helicopter developed by Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation, which is part of Lockheed Martin.
Role: It serves as the primary anti-submarine warfare (ASW) and anti-surface warfare helicopter for multiple navies worldwide.
Multi-role versatility: It is capable of Search & Rescue (SAR), Medical Evacuation (MEDEVAC), surveillance/intelligence, communications and command‑and‑control, logistics and vertical replenishment, and special‑operations support.
Advanced sensors & avionics: Includes multi‑mode radar (for surface and periscope detection), Electro Optical/Infrared (EO/IR) systems, Electronic Support Measures (ESM), secure communication and data‑link systems, enabling high situational awareness.
About Ministry of Defence (MoD):
Union Minister– Rajnath Singh (Constituency- Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh (UP)
Minister of State (MoS)– Sanjay Seth (Constituency- Ranchi, Jharkhand)

CBDT Launches Phase 2 of NUDGE Campaign to Boost Foreign Asset ReportingIn November 2025, the Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT), under the Ministry of Finance(MoF), has initiated the second phase of its Non-Intrusive Usage of Data to Guide and Enable (NUDGE) campaign, designed to promote voluntary reporting of foreign assets and overseas income by Indian taxpayers.

Exam Hints:

  • What? Launch of NUDGE Phase 2
  • By? Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT)
  • Objective: Encourage voluntary disclosure of foreign asset
  • Target? Taxpayers identified through AEOI for FY25
  • Guiding Principle: CBDT’s PRUDENT approach
  • Mechanism: SMS & email alerts ; review/revise ITRs for AY 2025-26 by 31 December 2025 under Schedule FA & FSI.

About NUDGE Campaign:
NUDGE Phase 1: The initial campaign, launched in November 2024, prompted thousands of taxpayers to revise their returns, resulting in the disclosure of foreign assets valued at Rs.29,208 crore and foreign‑source income totaling Rs.1,089.88 crore.
Alert Mechanism: Under NUDGE Phase 2, CBDT will begin sending Short Message Service(SMS) and Electronic mail (email) advisories from November 28, 2025, to taxpayers identified through Automatic Exchange of Information (AEOI) data analysis for Financial Year 2024-25(FY25).
Action Required: Taxpayers receiving these alerts must review their Income Tax Returns (ITRs) for Assessment Year 2025‑26 (AY26) and, if needed, file revisions by 31 December 2025.

  • This ensures accurate disclosure of foreign assets and overseas income under Schedule FA (Foreign Assets) and Schedule FSI (Foreign‑Source Income), as mandated by the Income-tax Act, 1961, and the Black Money (Undisclosed Foreign Income and Assets) Act, 2015.

Guided by: The initiative follows CBDT’s PRUDENT(Professionalism, Responsibility, Understanding, Dedication, Effective enforcement, Non-intrusive administration, and Technology‑based compliance), emphasizing data-driven, transparent, and non-intrusive tax administration in line with the Viksit Bharat vision.
Penalties for Non-Disclosure: Taxpayers who fail to disclose foreign assets and income may face a flat penalty of Rs.10 lakh under the Black Money (Undisclosed Foreign Income and Assets) Act, 2015, along with income tax at 30% on the undisclosed foreign income.

  • In addition, an extra penalty of up to 300% of the tax payable may also be imposed.

About Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT):
The CBDT, the apex body for direct tax administration under the Department of Revenue, Ministry of Finance (MoF), Government of India (GoI).
Chairman – Ravi Agarwal
Headquarters – New Delhi, Delhi
Established – 1964

C-DOT Signed MoU with IIT Roorkee to Establish CoE in Uttarakhand
In November 2025, the Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT), a premier Research and Development (R&D) centre of the Department of Telecommunications (DoT), Ministry of Communications, signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee (IIT Roorkee), Uttarakhand to establish a Centre of Excellence (CoE) at the IIT Roorkee campus, Uttarakhand, for advanced communication technologies.

  • The MoU was signed in the presence of Dr. Rajkumar Upadhyay, Chief Executive Officer (CEO), C-DOT and Professor K.K. Pant, Director, IIT Roorkee.

Exam Hints:

  • What? MoU signed for establishing CoE for Advanced Communication Technologies
  • Entities: C-DOT and IIT Roorkee
  • Objective: Advance indigenous R&D in advanced communication technologies
  • Focus Areas: Wireless communication, Quantum technologies, Cybersecurity, AI-based applications

Key Details of MoU:
Objectives: The partnership aims to accelerate indigenous research, support technological self-reliance, and enhance India’s telecom ecosystem through academia–industry collaboration.
Technologies: Joint efforts will target wireless communication, quantum technologies, cybersecurity, and Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based telecommunication applications.
Functions: The CoE will act as a high-impact R&D hub supporting start-ups, Intellectual Property (IP) creation, training programmes, and collaborative prototype development.
Telecom-Innovation: The Centre will strengthen India’s global telecom position through joint research and prototypes in 5G/6G (Fifth/Sixth Generation) wireless systems, RF–Sub-THz ICs (Radio Frequency–Sub-Terahertz Integrated Circuits), mmWave antennas (millimeter-Wave antennas), V2X communication (Vehicle-to-Everything), data-driven wireless systems, and energy-efficient technologies.

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

UN World Urbanization Prospects 2025 : Jakarta Tops as Most Populous City, New Delhi Ranks Fourth
In November 2025, the Population Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA), released the “World Urbanization Prospects 2025”, highlighting a dramatic increase in the number of megacities (urban areas with over 10 million (mn) inhabitants).

  • Jakarta(Indonesia) has become the world’s most populous city with 41.9 million residents, while Dhaka(Bangladesh) and Tokyo(Japan), rank second and third with 36.6 million and 33.4 million inhabitants, respectively.
  • New Delhi, India, ranks fourth among the world’s most populous cities, with a population of 30.2 million.

About World Urbanization Prospects 2025:
Overview: The WUP 2025 is the 22nd edition of the series. It provides annual population estimates for the period 1950–2025 and projections up to 2050.

  • The minimum population threshold for cities has been lowered from 300,000 to 50,000 inhabitants, resulting in an increase in the number of cities analyzed to over 12,000.

Methodology: For the first time, the 2025 edition of the World Urbanization Prospects presents population estimates and projections for three “Degree of Urbanization” categories: cities, towns and rural areas.
Key Highlights:
Other Top 10 Most Populous City: Shanghai(China), ranks fifth with 29.6 million residents, while Guangzhou(China), is sixth with 27.6 million.

  • Cairo(Egypt), the only non-Asian city in the top ten, is seventh with 25.56 million, followed by Manila(Philippines), with 24.7 million.
  • Kolkata(West Bengal, WB), and Seoul, South Korea, both have populations of 22.5 million, ranking ninth and tenth, respectively.

Rising Urbanization: The world is becoming increasingly urban, with cities now accommodating 45% of the global population of 8.2 billion, more than double the share in 1950.

  • The number of megacities, cities with populations of 10 million or more , has quadrupled, rising from 8 in 1975 to 33 in 2025, with 9 of the 10 most populous cities located in Asia, and is projected to reach 37 by 2050.

>>Read Full News

BANKING & FINANCE

ADB Approves USD 475.8 Million Loans for Healthcare in Assam and Ecotourism in MeghalayaIn November 2025, The Asian Development Bank (ADB) approved USD 475.8 million in loans for Northeast India – USD 398.8 million for Assam‘s tertiary healthcare and medical education modernisation, and USD 77 million for Meghalaya‘s ecotourism and sustainable livelihoods development, enhancing regional resilience and economic growth.

  • These initiatives aim to create sustainable livelihoods, empower women, strengthen environmental resilience, and build state-of-the-art health infrastructure.

Exam Hints:

  • What? Loan provided for Meghalaya and Assam
  • By? Asian Development Bank (ADB)
  • Total: USD 475.8 million
  • For Meghalaya? USD 77 Million
  • For Assam? USD 398.8 Million

Assam Healthcare Project (USD 398.8 Million Loan):
Focus: Transform Gauhati Medical College & Hospital (GMCH) into super-speciality hub; upgrade Assam Medical College (Dibrugarh) & Silchar Medical College under Srimanta Sankaradeva University of Health Sciences.
Key Components: Climate-resilient expansions, digital hospital systems, smart classrooms, simulation training, gender-responsive care (one-stop crisis centre at GMCH), medical tourism strategy.
Outcomes: Reduce maternal/infant mortality; address specialist shortages; position Assam as regional medical destination.
Challenges Addressed: Inadequate tertiary infrastructure, HRH gaps despite Vision 2030 initiatives.
Meghalaya Ecotourism Project (USD 77 Million Loan):
Focus: Integrated Ecotourism & Sustainable Agri-Livelihoods; supports Meghalaya Vision 2032 as top ecotourism destination.
Key Components: Restore 25,000 hectares community forests (performance-based payments); eco-tourism facilities (visitor centres, craft hubs); climate-smart farming (drip irrigation, fallow land restoration); rural value chains, market linkages.
Beneficiaries: 8,000+ people (women, Indigenous communities); strengthens cooperatives, public-private partnerships, innovation fund.
Additional: USD 1 million Technical Assistance(TA) grant for capacity building, carbon/biodiversity credits.
About Meghalaya:
Chief Minister (CM)– Conrad Sangma
Governor– C H Vijayashankar
Capital- Shillong
National Park(NP) -Nokrek NP, Balpakram NP

NBBL Rolls Out “Banking Connect” to Simplify Digital Banking 
In November 2025, NPCI Bharat BillPay Limited (NBBL), a wholly-owned subsidiary of National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI), launched “Banking Connect”  an interoperable net banking platform designed to transform online merchant payments by eliminating multiple integrations, enabling biometric authenticationand providing real-time Reserve Bank of India(RBI) oversight on fund flows

  • The platform was introduced during the Global Fintech Festival 2025 in the presence of the RBI Governor.

Exam Hints:

  • What? Launch of Banking Connect
  • By? NBBL, subsidiary of NPCI
  • At? Global Fintech Festival 2025
  • Accessible Banks? HDFC, SBI, YES bank etc.
  • Aggregator? PayU, Razor pays, Pine labs, just pay etc.…

About “Banking Connect”:
Interoperability: Single NBBL-certified integration connects banks to all payment aggregators (PAs); supports HDFC, ICICI, SBI, YES, AU SFB, Federal Bank + PayU, PineLabs, Razorpay, Juspay, Zoho.
Frictionless Experience: No username/password; biometric/QR payments; mobile-first design; uniform UI across providers; low-code/no-code merchant onboarding (10-15 days instant).
Enhanced Security: Real-time fraud monitoring, standardised error codes, policy-driven controls; minimises redirect/timeout drop-offs.
Settlement Efficiency: Same-day (8 cycles/day) vs monthly; RBI gets instant transaction visibility (vs weekly/yearly lag) for crypto/gaming oversight.
Transaction Scale: No caps; supports high-value merchant payments; boosts mobile banking adoption.

RBI Imposes Penalty on HDFC Bank and Manna Krishna Investments
In November 2025, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) imposed penalties on HDFC Bank and Mannakrishna Investments Private Limited for lapses in regulatory compliance, emphasizing the need for strict adherence to banking and financial norms.

  • The penalty order was passed under Section 47A(1)(c) read with Section 46(4)(i) of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949.

Exam Hints:

  • What? Penalties imposed by RBI
  • On? HDFC bank and Manna Krishna Investments
  • For? Violation of Regulatory norms
  • Penalty on HDFC? Rs 91 lakhs
  • Penalty on Manna Krishna Investments? Rs 3.1 lakh

About Penalties Imposed:
HDFC Bank: The RBI has imposed a Rs.91 lakh penalty on HDFC Bank for multiple regulatory violations, including non-compliance with the Banking Regulation Act, 1949, lapses in Know Your Customer (KYC) procedures, failures in outsourcing compliance, and irregularities in handling interest-rate and loan benchmarks.

  • The RBI stated that the action was based on findings from the Statutory Inspection for Supervisory Evaluation (ISE) conducted to assess the bank’s financial position as of March 31, 2024.

Manna Krishna Investments: The RBI also imposed a Rs.3.10 lakh penalty on Mannakrishna Investments Private Limited, a Non-Banking Financial Company, (NBFC), for governance-related violations.

  • The company altered its board composition without obtaining prior approval from the regulator, thereby breaching the NBFC – Scale Based Regulation Directions, 2023.

TATA Realty Secures Rs 1,280 Crore Green Loan from DBS Bank for Gurugram Project
In November 2025, Tata Realty & Infrastructure Ltd (TRIL), a wholly-owned Tata Sons subsidiary, signed a landmark Rs 1,280 crore green loan facility with DBS Bank India to fund Intellion Park – a 2.1 million sq ft Grade-A sustainable office campus in Gurugram (Haryana).

  • DBS acted as sole advisor and green loan coordinator, deploying funds exclusively for certified green assets meeting global ESG benchmarks
  • The loan has been availed by a special purpose vehicle (SPV) of Tata Realty and marks a major boost to sustainable real-estate financing.

Exam Hints:

  • What? Rs 1,280 crore green loan facility
  • Lender: DBS Bank India
  • Borrower: Tata Realty’s Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV)
  • Project: Intellion Park – 2.1 million sq ft Grade A office campus, Gurugram
  • Purpose: Fund certified green assets meeting global sustainability standards

Project Highlights – Intellion Park Gurugram: 
Scale: 2.1 Mn sq ft across 4 towers under Tata Realty’s flagship Intellion brand; premium office spaces for GCCs (Global Capability Centres).
Sustainability Features: High-performance green building standards, rooftop solar, advanced water recycling, biophilic design, pedestrian-friendly podiums, EV charging, waste management.
Certifications: Aligned with global benchmarks (LEED/IGBC); part of Tata Realty’s 100% green-certified portfolio.
Strategic Location: Gurugram’s premium commercial corridor; supports India’s expanding GCC ecosystem (1 Mn+ jobs projected).
Tata Realty’s Commercial Portfolio:
Current Scale: 9.4 Mn sq ft operational + 10.2 Mn sq ft under development = 19.6 Mn sq ft total branded Intellion.
Geographies: Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR), Chennai, Gurugram.
GRESB Rating: 5-star GRESB 2025 (Global Real Estate Sustainability Benchmark) – highest recognition for sustainability.
Precedents: Intellion Park Chennai – India’s first IFC EDGE Zero Carbon campus.

ECONOMY & BUSINESS

India to Lead Emerging Market Growth with 7% GDP in 2025: Moody’sIn November 2025, American credit ratings agency, Moody’s Ratings released its latest “APAC Power 2026 Outlook” report for companies in Asia-Pacific (APAC) region excluding Greater China . As per the report, India is projected to lead economic growth among emerging markets and across the APAC region as the country is expected to register 7% Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth in 2025 and 6.4% in 2026.

  • The agency highlighted that India’s domestic growth is mainly driven by its economic resilience amid global uncertainty.

Exam Hints:

  • What? Release of  APAC Power 2026 Outlook
  • Released by: Moody’s Ratings
  • India’s GDP forecast: 7% (2025) and 6.4% (in 2026)
  • APAC Growth Rate: 3.6% (2025) and 3.4% (2026)

Key Projections:
APAC Growth Rate: The report projected average GDP growth in the APAC region will remain stable at 3.4% in 2026, as against 3.3% in 2024.

  • It has further projected that the region will grow at 3.6% in 2025.

Emerging & Advanced Markets: The report highlighted that emerging markets including India, are expected to drive the region’s overall economic growth, with a weighted average growth of 5.6% in 2025.

  • The average growth rate of advanced markets is projected at 1.3% in 2025.

Risk Transmission Channels: The report further highlighted that the impact of the United States of America (USA) imposed 50% tariff is expected to be transmitted to companies mainly through 3 risk transmission channels like: trade, weakening macroeconomic conditions and financial markets.
About Moody’s Ratings:
President- Michael West
Headquarters- New York, the United States of America (USA)
Founded- 1909

AWARDS & RECOGNITIONS

Arunachal Pradesh’s Traditional Blade ‘Dao’ and Yak Churpi Received GI TagIn November 2025, Arunachal Pradesh (AR)’s traditional handcrafted blade ‘Dao’ used by several tribal communities and Yak Churpi, traditional highland cheese, secured the Geographical Indication (GI) tag from the GI Registry under the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), Ministry of Commerce and Industry (MoC&I).

  • These recognitions reaffirm AR’s cultural, culinary and traditional craftsmanship embedded in these unique products that symbolizes the rich heritage of the state.

About Two New GI Products from AR:
AR DAO: It is made manually by master artisans using forging methods passed down over generations.

  • Each Dao reflects functional utility as well as the courage, identity and cultural endurance of tribal communities in the region.

Yak Churpi: It is a dairy product (cheese) derived from the milk of the indigenous Arunachali Yak breed, primarily found in the West Kameng and Tawang districts of AR.

  • It is characterized by its dense textures, high nutritional value and long shelf-life, and has been staple food for the people living in high-altitude regions of Tawang and West Kameng.

>>Read Full News

APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

DP World Signs Indian cricketer Abhishek Sharma as Brand Ambassador
In November 2025, global logistics firm DP World appointed Indian cricketer Abhishek Sharma as its newest brand ambassador to enhance engagement with sports audiences and highlight the company’s commitment to innovation, excellence, and global connectivity.

Exam Hints:

  • What? Appointment of Brand Ambassador
  • By: DP World
  • Who? Cricketer Abhishek Sharma
  • Other Ambassadors: Sachin Tendulkar and Tommy Fleetwood
  • Role: Represents DP World across campaigns and initiatives

About DP World’s Ambassador:
Expanding DP World’s Sports Lineup: He becomes the third athlete in DP World’s growing sports roster, joining Indian cricket legend Sachin Tendulkar and English golf star Tommy Fleetwood.
Reason for Selecting: He was selected for this role following his exceptional performance at the 2025 DP World Asia Cup, where he scored a record 314 runs in seven innings and was named Player of the Tournament.
Role: Under this partnership, Sharma will act as the face of DP World across various campaigns and initiatives, highlighting the company’s commitment to innovation, excellence, and global connectivity.

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Russia’s ‘Soyuz MS-28’ Rocket Launched USA-Russian Crew to ISS

In November 2025, Russian Spacecraft ‘Soyuz MS-28’ successfully launched 3 crew members which included two Russian cosmonauts and one American astronaut, to the International Space Station (ISS) for 8 months, marking the final launch of Expedition 73.

  • The Soyuz  2.1a booster rocket was lifted off from Russia-leased Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan and successfully deployed the Soyuz MS-28 rocket into the designated orbit.
  • Following the successful launch, the Soyuz will orbit the Earth twice before performing an automated docking with the ISS Rassvelt module.

Exam Hints:

  • What? Launch of 3 Crew Member Mission to ISS
  • Launch Vehicle: Soyuz MS-28 (Russia)
  • Name of Crew Members: Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergei Mikaev (Russia)and Chris Williams (USA)
  • Launched from: Baikonur Cosmodrome (Kazakhstan)
  • Duration: 8 Months (by July 2026)

Key Details of Mission:
Crew Members: It included Roscosmos cosmonauts namely Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergei Mikaev and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) astronaut Chris Williams.

  • This marks the 1st spaceflight for Chris Williams and Sergei Mikaev and 2nd flight for Sergey Kud-Sverchkov to ISS.

Other Members at ISS: These 3 new crew members now joins the Expedition 73 which included NASA astronauts Mike Fincke, Zena Cardman, and Jonny Kim; Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Kimiya Yui, and Roscomos cosmonauts Sergei Ryzhikov, Alexey Zubritsky, and Oleg Platonov.
Key Experiments: The 8-month long mission includes over 40 scientific experiments and two spacewalks.

  • NASA astronaut Chris Williams will conduct scientific research and technology demonstrations aimed to promote human space exploration and benefit life on Earth.

About National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA):
Acting Administrator- Sean Duffy
Headquarters- Washington DC, the United States of America (USA)
Established- 1958

ENVIRONMENT

13 New Amphibian Species are discovered in North-East IndiaIn November 2025, Researchers from Wildlife Institute of India (WII), Dehradun achieved a landmark discovery by identifying 13 new bush frog species (genus Raorchestes) across Northeast India’s Eastern Himalayas and Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot.

  • Published on November 19, 2025 in Vertebrate Zoology (DOI: 10.3897/vz.75.e148133), the study analysed 204 specimens collected from 81 localities (2016-2024) spanning 8 states and 25 protected areas – India’s largest single vertebrate species description in over a decade.

List of 13 New Species:
Arunachal Pradesh (6): R. orientalis (Eastern bush frog), R. eaglenestensis (Eaglenest bush frog, Eaglenest WLS 1,655m), R. magnus (large-bodied, SVL 25-30mm), R. nasuta (pointy-nosed snout), R. dibangensis (Dibang Valley bush frog), R. arunachalensis (Arunachal bush frog).
Meghalaya (3): R. mawsynramensis (Mawsynram bush frog), R. boulengeri (Boulenger’s bush frog), R. narpuhensis (Narpuh bush frog, Narpuh WLS).
Single Species: R. barakensis (Barak Valley bush frog, Barail WLS Assam), R. lawngtalaiensis (Lawngtlai bush frog, Ngengpui WLS Mizoram), R. khonoma (Khonoma bush frog, Nagaland), R. monolithus (Willong-Khullen bush frog, Manipur).
About Wildlife Institute of India (WII):
Director-Gobind Sagar Bhardwaj
Established– 1982
Headquarters- Dehradun, Uttarakhand
>>Read Full News

SPORTS

Bisleri Becomes Official Beverage Partner for Tata Women’s Premier League
In November 2025, Bisleri International, one of India’s leading packaged drinking water brands, secured a two-year partnership as the Official Beverage Partner of the TATA Women’s Premier League (WPL), strengthening its association with India’s growing women’s cricket ecosystem.

  • The partnership will cover two seasons beginning with the 2026 edition of the tournament.

Exam Hints:

  • What? Partnership of Bisleri International
  • With? TATA Women’s Premier League
  • Role: Official Beverage Partner
  • Duration: 2 years (starting 2026 edition)

Key Details of Partnership:
Brand Engagement: Bisleri will roll out limited-edition WPL-themed bottles and ensure strong in-stadium visibility through visicoolers, iceboxes in team dugouts, and comprehensive hydration support for players and spectators across venues.
Aim: Bisleri aims to extend its presence beyond on-ground activation by introducing digital campaigns, fan-centric engagement activities, and experience-led initiatives to maintain excitement throughout the tournament.
Significance : The partnership strengthens Bisleri’s presence in Indian sports, promoting hydration, enhancing fan experience, and highlighting the rising commercial value of women’s cricket in India.

IMPORTANT DAYS

Day of Remembrance for All Victims of Chemical Warfare 2025 – November 30The United Nations (UN) annually observe the Day of Remembrance for All Victims of Chemical Warfare on November 30 to honor victims and highlight Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW’s) commitment to eliminating chemical weapons and promoting global peace and security.

Exam Hints:

  • What? Day of Remembrance for Victims of Chemical Warfare Observance
  • When? November 30
  • UN Recognition: Following OPCW DG Rogelio Pfirter’s recommendation, UN observed it from 2005 as April 29
  • Change of Date:In 2025 observance date change to 30 November; April 29 became OPCW Day
  • First Observed: 30 November 2016
  • Key Bodies: UN, OPCW

Background:
Decision: During its 10th Session in November 2005 in The Hague, Netherlands, the Conference of the States Parties to the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) resolved to observe a Day of Remembrance for all victims of chemical warfare every year on 29 April.
UN Recognition: Since 2005, the UN has officially recognized and observed the Day of Remembrance for all victims of chemical warfare, following the recommendation of Rogelio Pfirter, then Director-General(DG) of the OPCW.
Change of Date: At its 20th Session in 2015, the Conference of the States Parties to the CWC changed the Day of Remembrance for all victims of chemical warfare to 30 November.

  • April 29 was designated as the International Day for the Foundation of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW Day).

First Observation: The first-ever Day of Remembrance for All Victims of Chemical Warfare was observed on 30 November 2016.
About Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC):
Structure: Preamble, 24 Articles, 3 Annexes (Chemicals, Verification, Confidentiality).
Timeline: Adopted 1993; effective April 29, 1997; 193 States Parties; all declared stockpiles (72,304+ MT) destroyed by 2023.
Achievements: Most successful disarmament treaty; prohibits development, production, stockpiling, use.
2025 Key Events:
Conference: The 30th Session of the Conference of the States Parties (CSP) was held from 24–28 November 2025 in The Hague, chaired by H.E. Mr. Agustín Vásquez Gómez of El Salvador.
OPCW-The Hague Award 2025: Major General Ichiro Akiyama, Ambassador Kenneth Ward, and Rear Admiral Torben Mikkelsen were honoured for their contributions to disarmament and non-proliferation.
Day of Remembrance Observance: On 26 November 2025, a moment of silence was held at the King Willem-Alexander Theatre, reaffirming the principle: “no use anywhere, anytime, by anyone.”
About Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW):
Director General(DG) – Fernando Arias
Headquarters – The Hague, Netherlands
Established – 1997

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Current Affairs Today (AffairsCloud Today)

Current Affairs 1 December  2025
Overview of PM Narendra Modi’s Visit to Karnataka and Goa on November 28, 2025
Government Approves ‘Tex-RAMPS’ Scheme to promote research, innovation in textiles
India Signs Rs 7,995 crore deal with USA for Navy Copter Support
CBDT Launches Phase 2 of NUDGE Campaign to Boost Foreign Asset Reporting
C-DOT Signed MoU with IIT Roorkee to Establish CoE in Uttarakhand
UN World Urbanization Prospects 2025 : Jakarta Tops as Most Populous City, New Delhi Ranks Fourth
ADB Approves USD 475.8 Million Loans for Healthcare in Assam and Ecotourism in Meghalaya
NBBL Rolls Out “Banking Connect” to Simplify Digital Banking
RBI Imposes Penalty on HDFC Bank and Manna Krishna Investments
TATA Realty Secures Rs 1,280 Crore Green Loan from DBS Bank for Gurugram Project
India to Lead Emerging Market Growth with 7% GDP in 2025: Moody’s
Arunachal Pradesh’s Traditional Blade ‘Dao’ and Yak Churpi Received GI Tag
DP World Signs Indian cricketer Abhishek Sharma as Brand Ambassador
Russia’s ‘Soyuz MS-28’ Rocket Launched USA-Russian Crew to ISS
13 New Amphibian Species are discovered in North-East India
Bisleri Becomes Official Beverage Partner for Tata Women’s Premier League
Day of Remembrance for All Victims of Chemical Warfare 2025 – November 30

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