Current Affairs 5 September 2025

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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Cabinet Approved Rs 1,500 Crore Incentive Scheme to Promote Critical Mineral RecyclingIn September 2025, the Union Cabinet chaired by Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi, has approved Rs 1,500 crore incentive scheme, designed to promote recycling capacity for extracting and producing critical minerals from secondary sources.

• This newly approved scheme, part of the National Critical Mineral Mission (NCMM), which is aimed at strengthening India’s domestic capacity and supply chain resilience.

Key Details of the Scheme:
Tenure: This new incentive scheme will span over a period of 6 years from Financial Year 2025-26 (FY26) to FY31.
Eligible Livestock: The eligible livestock feedback will cover e-waste, Lithium-ion Battery (LIB) scrap, and other categories such as catalytic converters from end-of-life vehicles.
Beneficiaries: Both established recyclers and new entrants, including start-ups, will be eligible entities to avail the benefits of the scheme.

• Also, 1/3rd (33.33%) of total budget outlay of the scheme are reserved for smaller entities.

>>Read Full News

MoE, MoWCD Launches Guidelines to Co-Locate Anganwadi Centres with SchoolsOn September 3, 2025, Union Minister Dharmendra Pradhan, Ministry of Education (MoE), and Union Minister Annapurna Devi, Ministry of Women & Child Development (MoWCD), jointly launched the ‘Guidelines for Co-location of Anganwadi Centres with Schools’ at Vigyan Bhawan in New Delhi, Delhi.

• The guidelines have been developed by the Department of School Education & Literacy (DoSE&L), MoE, in collaboration with MoWCD.

About Co-Location Guidelines:
Objectives: The key objectives of the guidelines are to facilitate school preparedness and a seamless transition from Anganwadi Centres (AWCs) to Grade 1 in Primary schools, to foster linkages between AWCs and primary schools to create joyful and stimulating learning environments.
Co-location Models:The guidelines outline two models for co-locating Anganwadi Centres (AWCs) with schools:

• Physical Co-location: Where infrastructure permits, AWCs will operate within school premises.
• Mapping to Nearby Schools: In areas with limited facilities, AWCs will be linked to the nearest school.

Integration: The guidelines integrate the NIPUN(National Initiative for Proficiency in Reading with Understanding and Numeracy) Bharat Mission, a foundational literacy and numeracy upskilling initiative, MoE, with Poshan Bhi Padhai Bhi, an initiative of MoWCD.
>>Read Full News

DPIIT Partners with ICICI Bank and Pfizer to Boost Startups and Healthcare Innovation in IndiaOn September 4, 2025, the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), Ministry of Commerce and Industry(MoC&I), partnered with ICICI Bank to support startups and with Pfizer Limited,subsidiary of American Multinational Pharmaceutical Pfizer Inc., to boost India’s healthcare innovation ecosystem, providing resources, mentorship, and growth opportunities.
DPIIT Partners with ICICI Bank:
Objective: The collaboration aims to foster growth of product-based startups by providing mentorship, accelerator access, and structured engagement to support business development, product refinement, and operational scale-up.
Design and Implementation: ICICI Bank will design and implement the Startup Engagement Programme, which will be hosted on the Startup India portal.
DPIIT Partners with Pfizer Limited :
Financial Grants: The Pfizer INDovation Program will provide grants of up to Rs.60 lakh each to selected DPIIT-recognized startups.
Incubation Program: An 18-month incubation program will be delivered by Social Alpha to nurture startup growth.
>>Read Full News

India’s First Vulture Conservation Portal Launched in Assam
In September 2025, We Foundation India, a Non-Profit Organisation(NPO), in collaboration with the Department of Zoology, Gauhati University, Assam, launched India’s first dedicated vulture conservation portal, The Vulture Network, in Guwahati, Assam.

• The launch event was organized ahead of International Vulture Awareness Day, which is observed every year on the first Saturday of September (6 September 2025).

About The Vulture Network:
Objective: The portal shares information in local languages, starting with Assamese, and serves as a comprehensive platform to raise awareness about how vulture survival is connected to people’s livelihoods and India’s conservation efforts.
Features: A cloud-based portal that collects scientific research, offers free downloadable outreach materials for awareness campaigns, and shares information in local languages, starting with Assamese.
Partnership Support: The initiative is backed by multiple partner organisations, including We Foundation India, Assam Bird Monitoring Network (ABMN), LASA (Love All and Serve All) Foundation, Surksha Samitee, along with contributions from individual researchers and conservationists.
Species of Concern: Special focus was given to the Slender-billed Vulture, with a critically low surviving population of only about 800 mature individuals.

India Developed 1st Indigenous Water-Soluble Fertilizer Technology
In September 2025, India has successfully developed its 1st indigenous water-soluble fertilizer technology. This new milestone is achieved after 7 years of rigorous research, marking a major transition from an import-dependent nation to an export-dominating force in specialty fertilizers.

• The commercial production of this technology is expected to reach farmers’ field within 2 years.

About 1st Indigenous Water-Soluble Fertilizer:
True ‘Make in India’ Milestone: This new technology, supported by the Ministry of Mines (MoM) and developed using Indian raw materials and Indian-designed plants, is being hailed as a true ‘Make in India’ milestone.
Leadership: This initiative was led by Rajib Chakraborty, President of the Soluble Fertilizer Industry Association (SFIA).
Reduces Reliance on Chinese Imports: It is expected to reduce India’s dependence on Chinese imports, which currently account for approximately 80% of India’s specialty fertilizer needs.
Eco-friendly: This new technology exhibits environmental sustainability as it is designed as a zero-affluent, emission-free project.

NITI Aayog’s FTH Released 4th Quarterly Insights Future Front on ‘Introduction to 2D Materials’
In September 2025, National Institute for Transforming India (NITI Aayog)’s Frontier Tech Hub (FTH) has released the 4th edition of its flagship Future Front Quarterly Insights, titled ‘Introduction to 2-Dimensional (2D) Materials’.

• The report emphasizes the need of resilient innovation ecosystems, self-reliance in critical material access, and strategic international partnerships.

About the Report on 2-D Materials:
Developed by: This latest edition of Quarterly Insights Future Front was developed by NITI Aayog’s FTH in partnership with the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru(Karnataka).
Objective: To drive awareness about the significance of 2D materials that could redefine the future of industries from semiconductors to quantum technologies.
Research and Development: The publication highlights ongoing research efforts and the need for enhanced infrastructure to support the development and commercialization of 2D materials in India.
Properties of 2-D Materials: These materials are nearly 8 lakh times smaller than the tip of a pencil or 1/80,000 of the width of a human hair.

• Due to their thinness, these materials seem to be fragile, in contrast to it, they are 200 times stronger than steel and are good conductor of electricity compared to the Copper (Cu).

DRDO’s DMRL Transferred 3 Advanced Materials Technologies to Industry
In August 2025, Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)’s Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory (DMRL) has transferred 3 advanced materials technologies to industry partners.

• Dr. Samir V. Kamat, Secretary of Department of Defence Research & Development (R&D) and Chairman of DRDO, presented the Licensing Agreement for Transfer of Technology (LAToT) documents to the industry partners at an event held at DMRL, Hyderabad in Telangana.

LAToT Documents to 3 Industry Partners:
Bharat Heavy Electronics Limited (BHEL): For enabling the manufacturing of high-quality Radomes which are protective covers for crucial missile sensors, to support key defence programs and improve self-reliance in missile systems.
Jindal Steel & Power Limited (JSPL): For the manufacturing of DMR-1700 steel sheets and plates known for their ultrahigh strength and high fracture toughness at room temperature, suitable for various defence applications.
Baldota Steel Plant (BSP) & Sail Authority of India Limited (SAIL): For DMR 249A HSLA steel plates, designed to offer a robust and reliable material, meeting the stringent dimensional, physical and metallurgical requirements for the construction of naval vessels.
MoU Signed: During the event, DMRL signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau (AAIB) under the Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA) to utilize its expertise and facilities in supporting aviation safety and investigative activities.

BANKING & FINANCE

Axis Bank Launches ‘Sparsh Week 2025’ from September 1 to 5, 2025On September 1, 2025, Axis Bank Limited (Axis Bank) launched the 3rd edition of the Sparsh Week, a landmark initiative, from September 1 to 5, 2025, bringing over 1 lakh employees across 5,868 branches, spanning 40 cities across India, under the theme “Raise the Bar”, with an aim to redefine customer experience, boost employee engagement, and amplify leadership presence across the Axis Bank network.

• The initiative is anchored in four core principles such as Own the Brand, Own the Customer, Act with Speed, and Zero Pendency.

Sparsh Week 2025:
Mentorship Sessions: More than 40 senior leaders, including Amitabh Chaudhry, Managing Director (MD) and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) personally visited teams and customers across the 40 cities and conducted mentorship sessions and reinforced cultural values.
Features: The initiative offers home loan at attractive rates starting at 7.6%, customized to Credit Information Bureau (India) Limited (CIBIL) profiles of customers, special promotions across gold loans, Current Accounts, Axis Direct Demat Accounts, Foreign Exchange (FOREX) and Lockers, Family Banking, and Health Insurance.
Axis Max Life Partnership with IPPB:
Axis Max Life Insurance Limited (formerly Max Life Insurance) partnered with India Post Payments Bank (IPPB) to distribute life insurance products through 650 IPPB outlets and over 1,64,000 post office access points across India.
Products: The partnership will offer products such as the Smart Wealth Advantage Guarantee Plan (SWAG), Smart Vibe Plan, and term insurance plans, focusing on Tier 3 and 4 cities and rural areas.
About Axis Bank:
Managing Director (MD) & Chief Executive Officer (CEO) – Amitabh Chaudhry
Headquarters – Mumbai, Maharashtra
Established – 1993
Tagline – Badhti Ka Naam Zindagi
>>Read Full News

SLCM Partners with IDBI Bank and Punjab & Sind Bank to Offer Unified Collateral Management Services
In September 2025, Sohan Lal Commodity Management Limited (SLCM), India’s largest post-harvest logistics and agri-solutions company, collaborated with IDBI Bank Limited and Punjab & Sind Bank to provide unified collateral management services across India.

• This partnership marks Punjab & Sind Bank’s first venture into collateral management services.

About Partnership of SLCM, IDBI Bank and Punjab & Sind Bank:
Farmer & Trader Benefits: This partnership allows agrarian stakeholders: farmers, traders, and Small and Medium-sized Enterprises(SMEs), to leverage their stored agricultural produce as secure collateral for loans, supported by SLCM’s strong warehousing and audit framework.

• Extends support to farmers and traders engaged in cotton, pulses, maize, spices, and other commodities.

Technology: SLCM will leverage its patented Agri Reach technology to enable real-time monitoring of agri-commodities.
Expansion: With this partnership, SLCM has expanded its network to 27 banking partners across India and Myanmar.

ECONOMY & BUSINESS

India’s CAD Reduced to USD 2.4 Billion in Q1 FY26 : RBI DataIn September 2025, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) released data showing that India’s Current Account Deficit (CAD) reduced to USD 2.4 billion (0.2% of Gross Domestic Product, GDP) in the first Quarter(April-June) of the Financial Year 2025-26 (Q1 FY26).

• This marked a reversal from the USD 13.5 billion surplus (1.3% of GDP) recorded in Q4 FY25 and USD 8.6 billion or 0.9% of GDP in Q1 FY25.
• The narrowing of CAD was driven by robust net services earnings, higher remittance inflows, and greater inflows from foreign portfolio investment (FPI) and external commercial borrowings (ECBs).

India’s Balance of Payments Highlights – Q1 FY26:
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI): Net FDI inflows were USD 5.7 billion, slightly lower than USD 6.2 billion in Q1 FY25.
Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI): Net FPI inflows increased to USD 1.6 billion, up from USD 0.9 billion in FY25.
External Commercial Borrowings (ECBs): Net inflows from ECBs rose significantly to USD 3.7 billion, compared with USD 1.6 billion in Q1 FY25.
Foreign Exchange Reserves: India’s foreign exchange reserves increased by USD 4.5 billion on a Balance of Payments (BoP) basis in Q1 FY26.
Merchandise Trade: The merchandise trade deficit widened to USD 68.5 billion in Q1 FY26, up from USD 63.8 billion in Q1 FY25.
Services Trade: Net services receipts grew to USD 47.9 billion, compared with USD 39.7 billion in FY25, supported by strong performance in computer and business services.
Remittances: Private transfer receipts, mainly remittances from Indians working abroad, increased to USD 33.2 billion from USD 28.6 billion in Q1 FY25.
Non-Resident Indian (NRI) Deposits: Net inflows of NRI deposits stood at USD 3.6 billion, slightly lower than USD 4.0 billion in Q1 FY25.
Primary Income: Net outgo on the primary income account, which includes investment income payments, rose to USD 12.8 billion in Q1 FY26, from USD 10.9 billion Q1 FY25.
 Important Terms:
CAD: A CAD arises when a country’s imports of goods, services, and capital exceed its exports.
Remittances: Funds sent by migrants or non-resident individuals to their home country, generally for supporting family, relatives, or for investment purposes.
FDI: Investment made by an individual, company, or government of one country into business interests located in another country.
FPI: Investment by foreign entities in a country’s financial assets—such as stocks, bonds, and other securities, without taking direct control or management of the enterprises.

APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

Skechers Signs Indian Cricketer Mohammad Siraj as its Brand AmbassadorOn September 3, 2025, Skechers USA Inc., the global athletic footwear and apparel powerhouse, signed Mohammad Siraj, an Indian cricketer, as its brand ambassador, with an aim to strengthen its expansion into Indian cricket.

About Skechers Brand Ambassadors:
Campaigns: As part of the deal, Mohammad Siraj will appear wearing Skechers cricket sneakers in the cricket matches and in the marketing campaigns of Skechers.
Ambassadors: He joins the other cricketers, including Jasprit Bumrah, Ishan Kishan, and Yastika Bhatia as the brand ambassador of Skechers. The other Indian ambassadors include Kriti Sanon, Kartik Aaryan, Ananya Panday, and Sunil Chhetri.
Debut: He represented India in all formats, debuting in Twenty20 International(T20I) in 2017, One Day Internationals (ODIs) in 2019, and Tests in 2020.

• He surpassed Jasprit Bumrah(104 Wicket) to become India’s leading pacer in away Test matches during the India-England Test series in August 2025.

Other Appointment: Skyscanner, a leading global travel search engine, has appointed Indian cricketer Suryakumar ‘SKY’ Yadav as its first-ever brand ambassador in India

ACQUISITIONS & MERGERS

Invesco Mutual Fund Gets SEBI Approval for 60% Stake Transfer to IIHL
In September 2025, Invesco Mutual Fund (MF) has secured the approval from Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) to transfer a controlling 60% stake in its Indian operations to IndusInd International Holdings Limited (IIHL), investment arm of Hinduja Group.

• This acquisition is expected to expand Invesco’s presence in India beyond the current 40 Indian cities.

Key Details of Acquisition:
Background: In August 2024, the Competition Commission of India (CCI) had approved the proposal of IIHL to acquire stake in each of Invesco Asset Management (India) Pvt. Ltd. (Invesco Asset Management Company, AMC) and Invesco Trustee Pvt. Ltd (Invesco Trustee).
Acquisition: As per the proposed arrangement, IIHL will buy 60% stake in both Invesco AMC and Invesco Trustee through its wholly-owned subsidiary, IIHL AMC Holdings Ltd., which has been incorporated specifically for this acquisition.

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Israel Launched Spy Satellite ‘Ofek 19’ to Expand its Surveillance Capability throughout Middle-EastIn September 2025, Israel has successfully launched a spy satellite called ‘Ofek 19’ into the designated orbit atop a Shavit rocket from Palmachim Airbase, located south of Tel Aviv in Israel.

• This latest development will bolster Israel’s surveillance capacity across the Middle-East region.

About Ofek-19:
Developed by:  It was developed under Israel’s defense space program and led by Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) through its Systems, Missiles, and Space (SMS) Group, specifically via the SPACE Division.

• SMS Group developed this project in partnership with ELTA Group who manufactured payload; IAI’s MLM Division, who developed the launcher.
• While, the launch vehicle’s rocket engines were manufactured by Tomer Ltd. and Rafael Advanced Defense Systems (ADS).

Specifications: Ofek 19 operates in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) at an altitude of approximately 500 kilometer(km), capturing high-resolution images of areas up to 15 km².

• Its advanced imaging system can detect objects as small as 50 centimeter(cm).

Benefit: Ofek-19 is a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) observation satellite whose advanced radar system enables accurate surveillance and intelligence collection in all weather conditions.
Previous Versions: Previously, Israel had launched Ofek-16 (in July 2020) and Ofek-13(in March 2023).
About Israel:
Prime Minister (PM) – Benjamin Netanyahu
Capital- Jerusalem
Currency- Israeli Shekel (ILS)

TESS Mission Discovers 2 New Rocky Exoplanets ‘TOI-2322 b’ and ‘TOI-2322 c’
On September 3, 2025, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) announced that its Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission had discovered two rocky, Earth-sized exoplanets orbiting the nearby K-type star TOI-2322, situated approximately 195 light-years from Earth.

• The two newly discovered planets, TOI-2322 b and TOI-2322 c, are classified as super-Earths and are rocky, short-period exoplanets.

About Newly Discovered Exoplanets:
Inner Planet: TOI-2322 b, the inner planet, is the same size as earth, with a mass less than 2.03 Earth masses. It orbits the star every 11.3 days and has an Equilibrium temperature of about 603 Kelvin (approximately 329 degree (°) Celsius).
Outer Planet: TOI-2322 c, the outer planet, is larger with a radius of 1.87 times larger than Earth and a mass around 18 Earth masses. It orbits every 20.2 days and has a density of 14.7 grams (g) per cubic centimetre (cm3).

SPORTS

Veteran Indian Leg Spinner Amit Mishra Announces Retirement from All form International Cricket
On September 4, 2025, Amit Mishra, an Indian cricketer, has announced retirement from international cricket, concluding an illustrious career that spanned more than two decades.

About Amit Mishra:
Test Matches:He represented India in 22 Test matches, claiming 76 wickets with a best bowling performance of 5/71.
One Day Internationals (ODIs): He played 36 ODIs, taking 64 wickets, including a best of 6/48.
Twenty20 Internationals (T20Is): In 10 T20Is,he  secured 16 wickets, with best figures of 3/24
IPL Career: He has played for Delhi Daredevils (presently Delhi Capitals), Deccan Chargers, Sunrises Rises Hyderabad (SRH), and Lucknow Super Giants (LSG) in Indian Premier League (IPL).

• He has played 162 matches, scored 174 wickets and is the 8th highest wicket taker in the history of IPL.
• He is the only bowler in IPL history to have taken three hat-tricks.

Debut: He made his debut in test matches in 2008 against Australia, in DIs in 2003 against South Africa, and in T20I in 2010 against Zimbabwe.

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