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NATIONAL AFFAIRS
Four New Labour Codes made effective to Simplify and Streamline Labour Laws
In November 2025, the Government of India (GoI) announced the enforcement of four major labour codes, the Code on Wages (2019), the Industrial Relations(IR) Code (2020), the Code on Social Security (2020), and the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions(OSHWC) Code (2020).
- These labour codes come into effect from 21 November 2025, replacing and consolidating 29 existing labour laws into a unified framework.
Code of Wages, 2019:
Overview: This code consolidates the four existing laws – The Payment of Wages Act, 1936; The Minimum Wages Act, 1948; The Payment of Bonus Act, 1965; and The Equal Remuneration Act, 1976.
Minimum Wages: The code establishes a statutory right to minimum wages for all employees across both organised and unorganised sectors.
Industrial Relations(IR) Code, 2020
Fixed Term Employment (FTE): Permits fixed-term contracts that offer the same wages and benefits as permanent employees, with gratuity eligibility after one year.
Expanded Worker Definition: Covers sales promotion staff, journalists, and supervisory employees earning up to Rs 18,000/month.
Code on Social Security, 2020
Coverage: The Code extends social security to all workers– including unorganized, gig, and platform workers-covering life, health, maternity, and provident fund benefits.
Inclusion of Gig and Platform Workers: New definitions are included- “aggregator,” “gig worker,” and “platform worker” to enable social security coverage.
Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions(OSHWC) Code, 2020:
Formalization through Appointment Letters: Appointment letters detailing job roles, wages, and social security benefits will be issued to workers, ensuring greater transparency and accountability in employment.
Working Hours & Overtime: Normal working hours capped at 8 hours/day and 48 hours/week. Overtime allowed only with worker consent and paid at twice the regular rate.
>>Read Full News
Union Minister Pralhad Joshi Unveils Major Digital Upgrades to Strengthen Food Storage, Logistics and PDS
In November 2025, Union Minister Pralhad Joshi, Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution (MoCAF&PD), launched a set of new digital platforms aimed at modernizing warehousing operations and improving transparency in the Public Distribution System (PDS).
- The initiative includes Bhandara 360 (a cloud-based platform), Smart EXIM (Export-Import) Warehouse, Anna Darpan (an integrated cloud-based operations system), ASHA – AI-based System for Holistic Administration, and a modern SILO (Storage, Infrastructure & Logistics Optimization) facility at Malout, Punjab.
About Launched Initiatives:
Bhandaran 360: It is an advanced Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) platform developed by the Central Warehousing Corporation (CWC) under the MoCAF&PD on SAP (Systems, Applications & Products) S/4HANA.
Smart EXIM Warehouse System: Under Digital Transformation 2.0, CWC introduced the Smart EXIM Warehouse System for Container Freight Stations (CFS) and general warehouses, enabling automated container and cargo handling using AI (Artificial Intelligence) and IoT (Internet of Things).
ANNA DARPAN: The FCI launched ANNA DARPAN, a microservices-based platform replacing the Depot Online System to unify procurement, storage, movement, labor and quality operations.
ASHA AI System: TheDepartment of Food and Public Distribution(DFPD) under the MoCAF&PD launched ‘ASHA – Anna Sahayata Holistic AI Solution’, an AI-powered multilingual feedback platform developed with the Wadhwani Foundation under the India AI mission and supported by Bhashini’s multilingual AI infrastructure.
Silo at Malout, Punjab:The newly Hub Silo Complex was inaugurated at Malout, Punjab (1.5 lakh MT), reflects the GoI’s commitment to developing world-class storage infrastructure that strengthens food security and improves PDS efficiency.
>>Read Full News
India Hosts 7th NSA-Level Meeting of Colombo Security Conclave in New Delhi
On 20 November 2025, India hosted the 7th National Security Adviser (NSA)-level meeting of the Colombo Security Conclave (CSC) in New Delhi, Delhi, chaired by Ajit Doval, NSA of India .
Exam Hints:
- What? 7th NSA-level meeting of Colombo Security Conclave
- When? 20 November 2025
- Host? India in New Delhi, Delhi
- Chair? Ajit Doval, National Security Adviser (NSA)
- Member Countries: India, Maldives, Mauritius, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Seychelles (New Member).
- Guest Country: Malaysia
- Key Focus: Maritime security, counterterrorism, cybersecurity, transnational crime, disaster relief
Background:
Origin: The initiative began in 2011 as the Trilateral Maritime Security Dialogue among India, Sri Lanka, and the Maldives.
Formation: It was rebranded and broadened into the CSC in 2020, with its Founding Documents formally adopted in Sri Lanka in August 2024.
Previous edition: The 6th NSA-level meeting took place in Mauritius in December 2023.
Member Countries: India, Maldives, Sri Lanka, Mauritius (2022), Bangladesh (2024), Seychelles (newly added in 2025)
About 7th NSA-Level Meeting of CSC:
Objective: The CSC aims to deepen cooperation and strengthen collective security among Indian Ocean countries, particularly in addressing key security concerns and non-traditional threats.
Five Pillars of CSC Cooperation:
The meeting reviewed activities and discussed enhanced cooperation, including training and capacity building, under these five core pillars:
- Maritime Safety and Security
- Countering Terrorism and Radicalisation
- Combating Trafficking and Transnational Organised Crime
- Cyber Security and Protection of Critical Infrastructure and Technology
- Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR)
2025 Delegations: Representatives from Maldives, Mauritius, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Seychelles, and Malaysia participated.
- Malaysia participated in the CSC meeting 2025 for the first time as a Guest.
Key Outcomes: The newly appointed Secretary-General of the Colombo Security Conclave, selected by India, presented a comprehensive progress report since the previous NSA-level meeting in Mauritius (December 2023).
- Member states reviewed initiatives on capacity building, joint training, and intelligence sharing, reaffirming their commitment to a coordinated regional security framework and collective stability in the Indian Ocean Region.
New Member:Seychelles became the sixth full member of the CSC during the 7th NSA-level meeting held in New Delhi, Delhi.
- The delegation was led by Major General Michael Rosette, Chief of Defence Forces, Republic of Seychelles Defence Forces.
About National Security Council (NSC):
National Security Advisor(NSA) – Ajit Kumar Doval
Headquarters – New Delhi, Delhi
Established – 1998
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
Overview of COP30 Summit Held from November 10 to 21,2025 in Belem, Brazil
The 30th session of the United Nations Climate Change Conference or 30th Conference of the Parties (COP30) to the United Nations (UN) Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) took place from November 10 to 21, 2025, in Belem, Brazil.
- The COP30 summit was presided over by Brazilian diplomat André Aranha Corrêa do Lago, who served as the COP30 President.
Highlights of COP30 Summit :
Participation: The summit witnessed participation from over 195 countries, world leaders, negotiators, scientists, civil society groups, indigenous communities, youths, and international organizations.
Indian Delegation : The Indian delegation at COP30 was led by Union Miister Bhupender Yadav, Minister of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change(MoEFCC).
USA Skips: For the first time in COP history, the United States of America(USA) was absent from the summit, after its Office of Climate Diplomacy was closed.
Reports Launched at COP30:
Global Cooling Watch Report 2025: On November 11, 2025, During the summit, United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) launched the 2nd edition of the Global Cooling Watch Report. The report highlights that global cooling demand could increase more than threefold by 2050 under a business-as-usual scenario.
UNEP Global Methane Status Report 2025: On November 17, 2025, during the summit UNEP released a report titled “Global Methane Status Report (GMSR) 2025”, developed by UNEP and Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC). According to the report, China tops the list, followed by the United States of America (USA).
- As per the 2025 report, India has become the world’s third largest methane emitter by emitting 31 million tonnes (MT) of methane(CH4) in 2020, accounting for 9% of global emissions.
Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI) 2026:
Overview: On the sidelines of the COP30 summit, Germanwatch, an environmental think tank, in collaboration with New Climate Institute, and Climate Action Network (CAN), released the Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI) 2026. As per the index, India ranks 23rd with a score of 61.31, dropping 13 positions compared to last year.
- No country has achieved a “very high” rating to be ranked in the top three spots. Countries such as USA ranked 65th with a score of 27.63, Islamic Republic of Iran (66) (14.33), and Saudi Arabia (67) (11.90) were ranked in the “Very Low” category.
BANKING & FINANCE
FAB and Hub71 Partnered with UAE–India CEPA Council to Support Indian Start-Ups
In November 2025, First Abu Dhabi Bank (FAB), the United Arab Emirates (UAE)’s largest bank, and Hub71, Abu Dhabi’s global tech ecosystem, signed strategic partnerships with the UAE–India Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) Council (UICC) to accelerate cross-border entrepreneurship and support Indian start-ups to scale globally through the UAE.
- The agreements were signed by Nimesh Karwanyun, Country Chief Executive Officer (CEO)-India, First Abu Dhabi Bank, and Ahmed Aljneibi, Director, UAE-India CEPA Council.
Exam Hints:
- What? FAB and Hub71 Partnered with UAE–India CEPA Council
- Objective: Facilitate cross-border entrepreneurship, support Indian start-ups to scale in UAE
- Core Initiative: Support for the UAE-India Start-Up Series.
- MoUs Signed:
- Nimesh Karwanyun, Country Chief Executive Officer (CEO)-India, FAB
- Ahmed Aljneibi, Director, UAE-India CEPA Council
About FAB Partnership:
Support: FAB will provide one of the five winning start-ups from the UAE-India Start-Up Series with tailored banking solutions, mentorship from sector experts, and introductions to corporate partners, investors, and regulators.
Role: FAB facilitates financial solutions, strategic advisory, and cross-border connectivity to activate innovation and investment under the UAE-India CEPA.
About Hub71 Partnership:
Immersion: Hub71 will onboard the five winning start-ups into its Immersion Programme to accelerate market entry with mentorship and curated knowledge sessions.
Access: One selected start-up will join Hub71’s Access Programme for structured soft-landing, market exploration, and full integration into Abu Dhabi’s tech ecosystem.
ECONOMY & BUSINESS
S&P Global Ratings Retains India’s GDP at 6.5% for FY26
In November 2025, the Global ratings agency S&P Global Ratings released its report “Economic Outlook Asia-Pacific Q1 2026: Signs of relief”, retaining India’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) forecast at 6.5% for Financial Year 2025-26 (FY26).
- S&P further projects India’s GDP growth to reach 6.7% in FY27.
Exam Hints:
- What? Economic Outlook Asia-Pacific Q1 2026: Signs of relief Released
- Released by: S&P Global Ratings
- India’s GDP: 6.5% – FY 26 and 6.7% – FY27
- Inflation: 2.5% for FY26 and 5% for FY27
Key Highlights:
Q1 FY26: India’s real GDP grew 7.8% in April to June quarter (Q1 FY26) of the current fiscal year, marking the fastest pace in 5 quarters.
Asia-Pacific Economic Outlook: Lower trade tariff uncertainties, robust tech exports, and steady demand in the region have prompted S&P to raise the 2026 GDP forecast from 4.0% in FY25 to 4.2% in FY26.
Reasons: The reason behind the projections is strong domestic demand, favourable monsoon, Goods and Services Tax(GST) reforms and the government’s infrastructure push.
Rupee Weakens: The rupee has come under strain due to sustained capital outflows, compounded by uncertainty triggered by unexpectedly high USA (United States of America) tariffs and the absence of a trade agreement.
Inflation in India: The S&P Global Ratings has revised the inflation forecast to 2.5% from 3.2% for FY 26. This forecast was revised after a sharp decrease observed in the food inflation.
- However, the food inflation is expected to normalize in the future and the inflation for FY27 is expected to be around 5%.
About S&P Global Ratings:
President – Yann Le Pallec
Headquarters – New York, the United States of America (USA)
Founded – 1860
LG Electronics and Amazon Signs Agreement for Wi-Fi Patent Licensing
In November 2025, LG Electronics, a part of LG Corporation, has signed a patent licensing agreement with Amazon for its Wireless Fidelity(Wi-Fi) Standard-Essential Patents(SEP), representing a key move to reinforce its leadership in global technology standards.
Exam Hints:
- What? Agreement Signed
- Between: LG Electronics and Amazon
- For: Patent licensing agreement
- Access: Amazon can use LG’s Wi-Fi SEPs in its devices
Key Details of Agreement:
Access: Under the agreement, Amazon is authorized to use LG’s Wi-Fi SEP in its devices, including Alexa Artificial Intelligence(AI) speakers, Alexa speakers, Fire Television(TV) Stick devices, and Fire tablets.
Connectivity: These products rely on Wi-Fi for operation, and LG’s patents encompass technologies essential for meeting international Wi-Fi standards.
SEPs: These are core patents required for any product meeting international standards, adopted by companies to develop compliant products.
APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS
Sunil Paliwal Appointed as Chairman of IWAI
In November 2025, Sunil Paliwal, Chairperson of the Chennai Port Authority, was appointed as the Chairman of the Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) under the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways(MoPSW), with the rank and pay of a Secretary to the Government of India(GoI).
- He succeeds Vijay Kumar, who was appointed as Secretary of the MoSPW.
Exam Hints:
- What? Chairman of IWAI Appointed
- Who? Sunil Paliwal
- Succeeds: Vijay Kumar
- Rank/Pay: Equivalent to Secretary to GoI
- Current Position: Chairperson of the Chennai Port Authority
About Sunil Paliwal:
Profile: He is a 1993-batch IAS officer from the Tamil Nadu(TN) cadre.
Experience: He is a seasoned civil servant with nearly 30 years of experience in administrative leadership.
Previous Roles: He has held several key positions in the TN government, including Managing Director(MD) of the Chennai Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board, TN Road Development Company Limited, and TN Industrial Development Corporation.
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Indian Navy Commissions Indigenously Built ASW-SWC ‘INS Mahe’ in Mumbai, Maharashtra
On November 24, 2025, Indian Navy (IN) commissioned Indian Naval Ship (INS) Mahe, the first indigenously designed and built Mahe-class Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Watercraft (ASW-SWC) at the Naval Dockyard in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
- The ceremony was presided over by General Upendra Dwivedi, Chief of the Army Staff (COAS)
Exam Hints:
- What? IN commissioned Indigenously built ASW-SWC ‘INS Mahe’
- Where? In Mumbai (Maharashtra)
- Ceremony Host: Vice Admiral Krishna Swaminathan
- Presided by: General Upendra Dwivedi
- Vessel Class: Mahe-class ASW-SWC
- Mascot: Cheetah
Host: The ceremony was hosted by Vice Admiral Krishna Swaminathan, Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Western Naval Command.
About INS Mahe:
Name Significance: The vessel INS Mahe is named after the historic coastal town of Mahe in Puducherry, reflecting India’s Maritime heritage.
Mascot: The ship’s crest features the Urumi sword, symbolising agility and precision, and its mascot, the Cheetah, represents speed and focus.
Developer: INS Mahe, developed by Cochin Shipyard Limited (CSL), is the lead ship of eight vessels in Mahe class. INS Mahe will serve as a “Silent Hunter” on the Western Seaboard with over 80% indigenous content, reflecting the Government of India (GOI)’s vision of Aatmanirbhar Bharat.
Specifications: It is approximately 78 metres (m) long, with a displacement of 1,100 tonnes. It uses a diesel and water-jet propulsion system, which provides high maneuverability and a low acoustic signature, essential for stealthy anti-submarine operations in shallow waters.
- The ship has a crew complement of around 57 personnel, including 7 officers and 50 sailors.
Armament: INS Mahe enhances India’s anti-submarine capabilities, especially in coastal and shallow waters. It is equipped with torpedoes, anti-submarine rockets, and mine-laying capabilities, along with advanced sonar, radar, and electronic surveillance systems
A symbol of Aatmanirbhar Bharat: Ship Developed in collaboration with several Indian firms, including Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL), Larsen & Toubro Limited (L&T) Defence, Mahindra Defence Systems, and Naval Physical & Oceanographic Laboratory (NPOL).
Background: Two contracts for sixteen Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Craft ships, eight each to be built by CSL, Kochi, and Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers (GRSE), Kolkata were signed in April 2019.
About Cochin Shipyard Limited (CSL):
Chairman & Managing Director (CMD) – Madhu S Nair
Headquarters – Cochin, Kerala
Established – 1972
Oman to Launch its First Communications Satellite ‘OmanSat-1’
On November 23, 2025, the Space Communication Technologies (SCT) of Oman signed a cooperation agreement with Airbus Defense and Space for the design, manufacture, and launch of “OmanSat-1”, the first communications satellite of Oman, marking a significant milestone in the field of space technology and telecommunications.
- The agreement was signed by Saeed bin Hamoud al Maawali, Minister of Transport, Communications, and Information Technology (IT) and Alain Faure, Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Airbus Space Systems.
Exam Hints:
- What? Agreement signed to launch first communications satellite
- Entities: Government of Oman and Airbus Space Systems
- For? Oman
- Satellite: OmanSat-1
- Developer: Airbus Defence and Space
- Platform: Airbus OneSat fully digital, reconfigurable satellite
- Strategic Vision: Strengthen digital sovereignty, expand secure communications infrastructure
OmanSat-1:
Overview: OmanSat-1, a high-tech, fully reconfigurable communications satellite, will provide high-capacity Ka-band coverage mainly over Oman, its economic waters, and parts of the Middle East, East Africa, and Asia.
- It is the 10th satellite built under the OneSat line of Airbus.
Objectives: OmanSat will primarily serve as a communications satellite to enhance national connectivity, support government operations, expand media and broadcasting capabilities, and boost economic and social development.
Support: The project will be managed by SCT, under Oman Investment Authority (OIA). The satellite is expected to support Emergency Response (ER), Transport & Logistics, Cybersecurity, and Internet of Things (IoT) applications.
Role of Airbus: As part of the agreement, Airbus will provide a robust, tested satellite platform that ensures long operational life and reliability and assist in planning and executing the satellite launch.
About OneSat: It builds on its Eurostar geostationary satellites and OneWeb constellation expertise, with support from European Space Agency (ESA), National Centre for Space Studies (CNES) (France), United Kingdom (UK) Space Agency, German Aerospace Center (DLR) (Germany), Spanish Space Agency (Spain).
- It is designed to operate in geostationary orbit (GEO) of approximately 36,000 Kilometre (Km) above earth.
About Oman:
Prime Minister (PM) – Sultan Haitham bin Tariq Al Said
Capital – Muscat
Currency – Omani Rial (OMR)
SPORTS
Overview of World Boxing Cup Finals 2025 held in Noida, UP
The World Boxing Cup Finals 2025 was held at the Shaheed Vijay Singh Pathik Sports Complex, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh (UP), from 16th to 20th November 2025.
- The five-day event served as the season finale of the 2025 World Boxing Cup series, organised by World Boxing (WB) in partnership with the Boxing Federation of India (BFI).
About 2025 World Boxing Cup:
Stages: The first edition of World Boxing Cup 2025 was held in three stages:
- First stage: Took place from 31 March to 5 April in Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil
- Second stage: Held from 30 June to 7 July in Astana, Kazakhstan
- Finals: Conducted from 16 to 20 November in UP, India.
India Won Nine Gold Medals at World Boxing Cup Finals 2025
India emerged as the top nation with a record 20-medals, 9 gold, 6 silver and 5 bronze in the finals with all 20 participating Indian boxers achieving a podium finish.
Women Gold Medal Winners: Minakshi Hooda – Women’s 48 kilogram (kg), Nikhat Zareen – Women’s 51 kg, Preeti Pawar – Women’s 54 kg, Jaismine Lamboria – Women’s 57 kg, Parveen Hooda – Women’s 60 kg, Arundhati Choudhary – Women’s 70 kg, and Nupur Sheoran – Women’s 80+ kg
Men Gold Medal Winners: Sachin Siwach – Men’s 60 kg and Hitesh Gulia – Men’s 70 kg
About World Boxing (WB):
President – Gennady Golovkin
Headquarters – Lausanne, Switzerland
Established – 13 April 2023
>>Read Full News
India Won Inaugural Blind Women’s T20 World Cup
On November 23, 2025 India’s women’s blind cricket team scripted history by winning the inaugural Blind Women’s Twenty20 (T20) World Cup final at the P. Sara Oval in in Colombo, Sri Lanka by defeating Nepal by 7 wickets, completing the tournament undefeated and establishing itself as a global leader in visually impaired women’s cricket.
- The World cup matches was held from November 11 – 23, 2025.
Exam Hints:
- What? Winner of inaugural Blind Women’s T20 World Cup
- Winner: India
- Runner-up: Nepal
- When? 11–24 November 2025
- Where? Colombo, Sri Lanka
- Final Score: Nepal 114/5; India chased in 12.1 overs for 3 wickets
- Hosts: India and Sri Lanka (venues: Delhi, Bengaluru, Colombo)
About Inaugural Blind Women’s Twenty20 (T20) World Cup:
Venues: Matches were held in Delhi, Bengaluru (Karnataka), and Colombo (Sri Lanka)
Team Overview: India’s squad of 16 players from nine states from Karnataka, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh (MP), Andhra Pradesh (AP), Odisha, Delhi, Assam, and Bihar, led by captain Deepika TC of Karnataka and vice-captain Ganga Kadam of Maharashtra, mostly from rural areas, overcame social and logistical challenges to play blind cricket.
Match Summary: Nepal scored 114/5 in 20 overs, and India chased it in 12.1 overs, losing 3 wickets.
Blind Cricket Tournament Structure:
Format: Six teams played a round-robin league followed by knockouts.Teams: India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Australia, and USA.
Players: 11 per team.
Ball: White plastic ball with metal bearings for sound.
Categories: B1 (fully blind), B2 (Partially sighted), B3 (Partially sighted-less severe impairment than B2); teams must field a mix.
Bowling: Bowled underarm along the ground.
Batting: B1 batters use runners, and each run counts as two.
IMPORTANT DAYS
World Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Day 2025 – November 19
World Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Day is an annual global health awareness initiative observed every year on the Third Wednesday of November to highlight the burden and impact of COPD.
- World COPD Day 2025 was observed on 19 November 2025, marking its 24th annual celebration.
- World COPD Day 2024 was observed on 20th November 2024 and World COPD Day 2026 will be observed on 18th November 2026.
Theme:
2025 Theme: “Short of Breath, Think COPD.”
Focus: This theme emphasizes recognizing persistent breathlessness as an early warning sign of COPD. It highlights the importance of early diagnosis, sustainable care, patient empowerment, and access to proper treatment.
Exam Hints:
- What? World Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Day 2025
- When? November 19, 2025 (third Wednesday of November)
- 2025 Observance: 24th
- Theme 2025: “Short of Breath, Think COPD”
- Organizer: GOLD & WHO
- Origin: Launched in 2002 by GOLD & WHO
- First observed: 20 November 2002
Background:
Origin: World COPD Day was launched in 2002 by the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) in partnership with the World Health Organisation (WHO).
- GOLD is a member of the Forum of International Respiratory Societies (FIRS).
First Observation: World COPD Day was first observed on November 20, 2002
About Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD):
Overview : It is a prevalent lung disorder that leads to reduced airflow and difficulty in breathing.
Types: The two primary types of COPD are Chronic Bronchitis and Emphysema.
Key Symptoms: Common symptoms include shortness of breath, persistent cough, and constant fatigue.
Global Impact: COPD is the 3rd leading cause of death worldwide, causing 32.3 lakh deaths in 2019.
- Tobacco smoking accounts for over 70% of COPD cases in high-income countries; in Low- and Middle-Income Countries(LMIC)’s, smoking causes 30–40%, with household air pollution being a significant additional risk factor.
Action Plan: COPD is included in WHO’s Global Action Plan for Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) and the United Nations (UN) 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
About Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD):
Managing Director (MD) and Chair – Alvar G. Agusti
Headquarters – Fontana, Wisconsin, the United States of America (USA)
Established – 1997
World Children’s Day 2025 – November 20
World Children’s Day is observed globally by the United Nations (UN) on 20 November each year to promote international unity, raise awareness about children’s issues, and enhance their welfare.
- 2025 Theme: “Listen to children: my day, my rights “
Background:
Origin: World Children’s Day was originally created as Universal Children’s Day.
Adoption: On 14 December 1954, the UN General Assembly (UNGA) adopted Resolution A/RES/836(IX), calling on all nations to observe Universal Children’s Day starting in 1956.
Why 20 November? Since 1990, 20 November has been observed to mark the anniversary of the UNGA’s adoption of the Declaration of the Rights of the Child (1959) and the Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989).
Led By: The day is observed annually as a global movement for and by children, led by United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF).
About United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF):
UNICEF was established in 1946 as the United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF). It became a permanent part of the UN in 1953 and its name was shortened to the United Nations Children’s Fund.
Executive Director(ED)– Catherine M. Russell
Headquarters– New York, the United States of America (USA)
>>Read Full News
World Television Day 2025 – November 21
World Television Day (WTD) is observed globally by the United Nations (UN) on November 21 to recognize the important role of television in everyday life. T
- 21st November 2025 marks the 29th observance of WTD.
Exam Hints:
- Event: World Television Day (WTD) 2025
- When? November 21
- 2025 Observance: 29th
- Declared By: UNGA Resolution A/RES/51/205 in 1996
- First Observed: 21 November 1997
- Why this date? Marks the 1st World Television Forum held on 21–22 November 1996
- Term Coined: “Television” coined by Constantin Perskyi in 1900
- Inventors: Mechanical TV by John Logie Baird (1924); first electronic TV by Philo Farnsworth (1927)
- India: TV started on 15 Sept 1959 in New Delhi
Background:
Origin: On 17 December 1996, the UN General Assembly (UNGA) adopted Resolution A/RES/51/205, declaring 21 November as World Television Day each year.
First Observance: The first WTD was celebrated on 21 November 1997.
Why November 21? The date marks the opening of the first World Television Forum, held on 21–22 November, 1996 at the UN Headquarters in New York, the United States of America(USA), to discuss the increasing importance of television as a medium.
About Television(TV):
Overview: The term “television(TV)” was first coined by Russian scientist Constantin Perskyi in 1900.
Invention: Television was invented in 1924 by Scottish engineer John Logie(JL) Baird. The first fully electronic television system was demonstrated by Philo Farnsworth in 1927.
Evolution of Television in India:
Start of Television in India: India, with support from United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO), launched experimental television broadcasts on 15 September 1959 in New Delhi, Delhi.
AIR: In 1959, television services operated under All India Radio (AIR) before being separated and established as Doordarshan on 1 April 1976.
Doordarshan: It is a public terrestrial television broadcaster managed by Prasar Bharati(PB), an autonomous body created by the Government of India(GoI).
First Colour Broadcast: India’s first colour television transmission was the live broadcast of the 36th Independence Day parade on 15 August 1982.
World Fisheries Day 2025 – November 21
World Fisheries Day (WFD) is observed annually across the globe on 21 November to emphasize the value of sustainable fishing practices and to raise awareness about safeguarding aquatic ecosystems and the livelihoods of those who depend on fishing.
- 21st November 2025 marks the 28th WFD.
Background:
Formation: On 21st November 1997, working fishermen and women representing the World Forum of Fish Harvesters & Fish Workers met in New Delhi (Delhi) and established the World Fisheries Forum (WFF).
First Celebration: The first ever World Fisheries Day was celebrated on 21st November 1998.
2025 Event in India:
On 21st November 2025, the Department of Fisheries (DoF) under the Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying (MoFAHD), celebrated World Fisheries Day 2025 in New Delhi (Delhi) to Strengthen Marine Resources and Livelihoods.
Theme 2025: “India’s Blue Transformation: Strengthening Value Addition in Seafood Exports.”
India Unveiled National Framework on Traceability in Fisheries and Aquaculture 2025
The DoF, MoFAHD, released the National Framework on Traceability in Fisheries and Aquaculture 2025 under Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) along with key initiatives including Standard Operating Procedure (SOPs) for Mariculture, SOP on Development and Management of Smart and Integrated Fishing Harbours, SOP on Development of Minimum Basic Infrastructure at Marine Fish Landing Centres, Guidelines for Reservoir Fisheries Management, and a Compendium of Coastal Aquaculture Guidelines to modernize infrastructure, strengthen sustainability, and accelerate value addition across the sector.
Digital Traceability: A national digital traceability system has been established for seafood products.
Technology Integration: The system incorporates blockchain, Internet of Things (IoT), Quick Response (QR) codes, and Global Positioning System (GPS).
Inclusivity: Small-scale fishers and farmers are included in the traceability initiatives.
About Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying (MoFAHD):
Union Minister– Rajiv Ranjan Singh alias Lalan Singh (Constituency- Munger, Bihar)
Ministers of State (MoS)– Professor. S.P. Singh Baghel (Constituency- Agra, Uttar Pradesh, UP); George Kurian ( Rajya Sabha – Madhya Pradesh, MP)
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