Current Affairs 2 August 2025

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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Union Cabinet Approves CSS “Grant in aid to NCDC” with an Outlay of Rs.2,000 Crores 

On July 31, 2025, the Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi, has approved the Central Sector Scheme (CSS) “Grant in aid to National Cooperative Development Corporation (NCDC)” with an outlay of Rs. 2,000 crores for a period of four years from Financial Year 2025-26 (FY26) to FY29.

• An annual allocation of Rs. 500 crore will be disbursed from FY26 onwards, as part of the total grant.

About Grant in aid to NCDC:
Source of Fund: The fund for the scheme worth Rs.2,000 crore grant to NCDC will be supported through budgetary support by the Government of India (GOI).

• Based on the grant in aid, NCDC will be able to raise Rs.20,000 crores from the open market over a span of four years.

Implementing Agency: The NCDC, under the Ministry of Cooperation, will be the implementing agency of the scheme for the purpose of disbursement, follow up, monitoring of implementation of project, and recovery of loan disbursed out of the fund.

• The loans will be provided to the cooperatives, through the state governments or directly, on meeting the criteria of direct funding guidelines of NCDC.

Loan Utilization Areas:NCDC will provide loans to cooperatives as long-term credit for setting up, modernization, technology upgradation, expansion of project facilities for various sectors and working capital to run their businesses efficiently and profitably.
>>Read Full News

Union Minister Sarbananda Sonowal Inaugurates 1 MW Green Hydrogen Plant at DPA in Gujarat
On 31st July 2025, Union Minister Sarbananda Sonowal, Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways (MoPSW), inaugurated India’s first indigenously-built 1 megawatt (MW) Green Hydrogen Power Plant at the Deendayal Port Authority (DPA) in Kandla, Gujarat.

• This achievement is a key step forward in India’s clean energy efforts and its aim to achieve Net Zero emissions by 2030.

Exam Hints:

• What? India’s 1st Make-in-India 1 MW Green Hydrogen Plant inaugurated
• Where? At Deendayal Port Authority, Kandla, Gujarat
• Who ? Union Minister Sarbananda Sonowal, MoPSW
• Mission: National Green Hydrogen Mission(NGHM)
• Annual Production Capacity: 140 MT
• Engineering support by: L&T Limited

Key Attendees: 
The project was inaugurated in the presence of Union Minister of State (MoS) Shantanu Thakur, MoPSW; T.K. Ramachandran, Secretary of MoPSW;  Sushil Kumar Singh, Chairman of DPA and senior officials from MoPSW, DPA, and Larsen & Toubro Limited.
About 1 MW Green Hydrogen Plant :
Indigenous Development: The project is fully indigenous (Aatma Nirbhar), designed and implemented entirely by Indian engineers.

• DPA had earlier introduced India’s first Make-in-India all-electric Green Tug, reflecting its ongoing commitment to green port initiatives.

Engineering Support: The project was executed with engineering support from Larsen & Toubro (L&T) Limited, based in Chennai, Tamil Nadu (TN).

• It sets a new benchmark for rapid implementation and engineering excellence within India’s green hydrogen ecosystem.

First of Its Kind: It is the first green hydrogen facility installed at an Indian port and forms part of a larger 10 MW project under the National Green Hydrogen Mission(NGHM).
Production Capacity: The plant is capable of producing 140 metric tonnes (MT) of green hydrogen annually.
Objective: The initiative supports India’s commitment to achieving Net Zero emissions and is aligned with Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi’s 2030 vision under the Maritime India Vision 2030.

• It aims to decarbonise maritime operations and promote sustainable port infrastructure.

About National Green Hydrogen Mission(NGHM):
Outlay: The Government of India(GoI) approved the National Green Hydrogen Mission (NGHM) in January 2023, with a financial outlay of Rs.19,744 crore.
Implementing Agency: The NGHM is implemented by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE).
Objective: The mission’s primary objective is to position India as a global hub for the production, utilization, and export of Green Hydrogen (GH2) and its derivatives.
Target: It aims to achieve an ambitious production target of 5 million metric tonnes (MMT) of green hydrogen per year by 2030.

DPIIT Signs MoU with HDFC Capital Advisors Limited to Promote Affordable Housing and PropTech SectorsOn July 31, 2025, the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), Ministry of Commerce and Industry (MoC&I), signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with HDFC Capital Advisors Limited (HDFC Capital), a subsidiary of HDFC Bank Limited, to promote innovation in the affordable housing and Property Technology (PropTech) sectors.

• The MoU was formally signed by Mohammad Isharar Ali, Director, DPIIT, and Vipul Roongta, Chief Executive Officer (CEO), HDFC Capital.

Exam Hints:

• What? DPIIT Signed 2 MoUs
• Parties: HDFC Capital Advisors Limited, Roche India
• DPIIT & HDFC Capital: To promote innovation in the affordable housing and Property Technology (PropTech) sectors.
• DPIIT & Roche India: to strengthen India’s healthcare and life sciences startup ecosystem

Promoting Innovation in Affordable Housing:
Focus: A central focus of the partnership is the H@ART Programme (HDFC Affordable Real Estate and Technology Programme), launched by HDFC Capital.
Aim: The initiative aims to increase efficiency and reduce costs throughout the residential real estate development cycle.

• It also aims to support and invest in emerging PropTech startups, facilitate mentorship, networking, and developer ecosystem linkages through accelerators, academic institutions, and investors.

National Vision: It supports national initiatives like Atmanirbhar Bharat and Viksit Bharat@2047 by promoting technology-driven solutions in vital urban infrastructure sectors.
DPIIT Signs MoU with Roche India
The DPIIT signed an MoU with Roche Products(India) Private Limited (Roche India), subsidiary of Switzerland based Roche Group, with an aim at strengthening India’s healthcare and life sciences startup ecosystem.

• The MoU was signed by Dr. Sumeet Jarangal, Director, DPIIT, and Rajwinder Mehdwan, Managing Director (MD), Roche India.

Aim: The MoU aims to support DPIIT-recognized startups, focused on high-impact therapeutic areas, including oncology, neurology, ophthalmology, haematology, and rare diseases.
Mentorship: As part of the MoU, Roche India will provide mentorship by global experts, access to cutting-edge technologies and infrastructure, support pilot and validation studies, and international platforms to help scale promising innovations.
About Ministry of Commerce and Industry (MoC&I):
Union Minister – Piyush Goyal (Constituency – Mumbai North, Maharashtra)
Minister of State (MoS) – Jitin Prasada (Constituency – Pilibhit, Uttar Pradesh, UP)

ICRISAT Launches AI Powered Climate Advisory Initiative for FarmersThe International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) in collaboration with national and international institutions, has launched an Artificial Intelligence (AI)-powered initiative titled ‘AI-powered Context-Specific Agromet Advisory Services for Climate-Resilient Agriculture at Scale’, during an inception workshop held on 29–30 July 2025 at Hyderabad, Telangana.

• Supported by the Government of India(GoI)’s Monsoon Mission III, the initiative aims to assist smallholder farmers in adapting to climate variability by providing personalized, hyper-local weather and climate advisories.

Exam Hints:

• Initiative: AI-powered Context-Specific Agromet Advisory Services for Climate-Resilient Agriculture at Scale
• Launched by: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)
• Where? Hyderabad, Telangana
• Funding: Monsoon Mission III
• Partnerships: ICAR-CRIDA, ILRI, IITM, IMD, IIT Ropar, CSIO, and IISc.
• Technology: Intelligent Systems Advisory Tool (iSAT) powered by AI, MausamGPT integration.
• Pilot: Launched in Maharashtra with plans for national expansion
• Objective: Provide hyper-local agromet advisories for climate-resilient agriculture in the Global South

About ICRISAT’s AI-Powered Climate Advisory Initiative:
Partnerships:

• Lead Agencies: Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture (CRIDA), International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI).
• Technical Support:  Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM); India Meteorological Department (IMD); the Center of Excellence(CoE) in AI for Agriculture in Indian Institute Of Technology–Ropar (IIT–Ropar) in Punjab; Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)–Central Scientific Instruments Organisation (CSIO), and the Indian Institute of Science (IISc).

Core Technology: Intelligent Systems Advisory Tool (iSAT), which was developed under Monsoon Mission II and now being upgraded into a fully AI-powered platform, acts as the digital backbone of this project.

• iSAT will use real-time weather forecasts, machine learning models, and crop-specific analytics to provide advisories on sowing, irrigation, and pest management.
• Delivers real-time insights via an AI-powered WhatsApp bot, ensuring accessibility in remote areas

Pilot Implementation: The pilot phase of the project will begin in Maharashtra, utilizing ICAR’s Agro-Meteorological Field Units (AMFUs).

• The insights gathered will contribute to the national rollout and lay the foundation for South-South cooperation.

Integration with MausamGPT: This initiative will also serve as a core use-case for MausamGPT, an upcoming AI platform envisioned by the GoI to offer on-demand, localized climate information using Large Language Models (LLMs).
About International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT):
It is a pioneering, internationally recognised International Organisation committed to address the challenges of hunger, malnutrition, poverty, among others, affecting people living in drylands of Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa and beyond.
Director General (DG)– Dr. Himanshu Pathak
Headquarters- Hyderabad, Telangana
Established- 1972

ITBPF & DBT Signed a MoU for Collaborative Biomedical Research and Training in New Delhi
In July 2025, the Indo-Tibetan Border Police Force (ITBPF) has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Department of Biotechnology (DBT) under the Ministry of Science and Technology (MoS&T), to drive biomedical research and training for the welfare of India’s paramilitary forces.

• The MoU was signed in the presence of Rajesh S. Gokhakle, Secretary of DBT, MoS&T; and Rahul Rasgotra, Director General (DG) of ITBF, during a ceremony held at ITBPF headquarters in New Delhi, Delhi.

Exam Hints:

• What? MoU Signed
• Where? New Delhi, Delhi
• Entities involved: ITBPF and DBT, MoS&T
• Objective: To use biotechnology solutions for critical health and environmental challenges faced by ITBPF Personnel
• Focus Areas: Human adaptability to high altitudes, biosecurity, biomedical devices, prosthetics and food biotechnology

Key Details of MoU:
Aim: To leverage ITBPF’s medical expertise and DBT’s research ecosystem to tackle key scientific and technological challenges of national importance.
Focus Area: Both ITBPF and DBT will undertake joint research projects on key areas like: human adaptability to high altitudes, biosecurity, biomedical devices, prosthetics and food biotechnology, among others.
Significance: This strategic partnership is likely to result in innovative, science-driven solutions customized to the unique operational challenges faced by the ITPB personnel.

• The joint effort will use DBT’s robust biotechnology infrastructure, world-class Research and Development (R&D) facilities and proven track record in translational research.

BANKING & FINANCE

Banking Laws (Amendment) Act, 2025: Key Provisions to Take Effect from Aug 1In July 2025, the Government of India (GoI) has notified that important provisions of the Banking Laws (Amendment) Act, 2025 will come into effect from August 01, 2025, aiming to reshape the landscape of India banking.
Key Highlights:
Background: The Banking Laws (Amendment) Act, 2025 was first published on April 15, 2025, after receiving the President’s approval.
Objective: The amended legislation aims to enhance bank governance, safeguard depositors and investors, improve audits at Public Sector Banks (PSB), and increase the tenure of directors (other than the chairperson and whole-time directors) in cooperative banks.
Redefinition of Substantial Interest: The threshold for “substantial interest” has been increased from Rs 5 lakh to Rs 2 crore, a limit that had remained unchanged since 1968.
Director Tenure in Cooperative Banks: The maximum tenure for directors in cooperative banks has been extended from 8 years to 10 years, excluding the chairperson and whole-time director (WTD).
Unclaimed Assets to Investor Education and Protection Fund (IEPF): The PSBs will now transfer unclaimed amounts to the IEPF, similar to practices followed by companies under the Companies Act,2013.
>>Read Full News

CEF Group Secured EUR 38 Million Funding from German Export Finance Bank to Construct CBG Plants
On August 1 2025, CEF Group, an Indian cleantech company focused on converting waste into Compressed Biogas (CBG), has secured 38 Million euros in the form of equity and debt financing from the German Export Finance Bank.
Exam Hints:

• What? Financial Support of 38 Million Euros
• Granted by: German Export Finance Bank.
• Granted to: CEF Group, Indian cleantech company
• Purpose: To construct 2 CBG Plants across India
• CEF’s Target: To establish 22 CBG plants nationwide
• Significance: Supports India’s SATAT initiative, promoting CBG as a clean alternative

CEF Group Secures Fund for CBG Plant Expansion:
Funding Purpose: This funding will be used for the construction of two CBG plants as part of CEF Group’s wider plant to construct 22 such facilities across India.

• These plants will convert agricultural and municipal waste into clean fuel, fostering a circular economy and reducing dependence on fossil fuels.

3 Projects: At present, the company has 3 projects in advanced stages of execution and these are: two municipal solid waste-based plants in Jammu (Jammu & Kashmir, J&K); Ahmedabad (Gujarat).

• Another facility established in Western Uttar Pradesh (UP), to process press mud, a sugar industry byproduct.

CEF Group: This Group functions under Sustainable Alternative Towards Affordable Transportation (SATAT), flagship initiative of the Government of India (GoI) which aims to promote CBG as a clean alternative to fossil fuels by promoting private-sector participation.

APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

Myanmar Announced Formation of New Interim-Union Government Led by U Nyo Saw
In July 2025, the National Defence and Security Council (NDSC) of Myanmar, announced the formation of a new Interim-Union Government and National Security and Peace Commission, to oversee defence and manage the election.

• While, U Nyo Saw will lead the new interim-union government as 13th Prime Minister (PM) of Myanmar.
• As per military junta in Myanmar, Senior General Min Aung Hlaing will lead the National Security and Peace Commission.

Exam Hints:

• What? Myanmar formed new Interim-Union Government
• Appointed: U Nyo Saw as PM
• NDSC formed: new National Security and Peace Commission
• Headed by: Senior General Min Aung Hliang

Other Key Announcements:
End of State Emergency: Following this announcement, Myanmar’s military government officially ended the state of emergency imposed over 4 years ago, to hold national elections by year-end (December 2025).
Acting President: Despite the announcement, General Min Aung Hlaing will continue to serve as acting President and Chief of the Armed Forces of Myanmar.

• He has also issued a decree to dissolve the NDSC, which was formed in February 2021 during a military coup.

Annulment of Transfer Power: The NDSC has also decided to revoke the order of transferring sovereign powers to the Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services.
Background:
Military Coup: In February 2021, Myanmar’s military ousted the elected government led National League for Democracy (NLDC) leader, Aung San Suu Kyi, citing the widespread fraud in 2020 general elections.
Declared State Emergency: Myanmar’s then-Acting President U Myint Swe declared the state of emergency for 1 year in February 2021, and transferred sovereign powers to the Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services.
About Myanmar:
Interim- Prime Minister (PM)- U Nyo Saw
Acting President- Senior General Min Aung Hlaing
Capital- Naypyidaw
Currency- Myanmar Kyat (MMK)

Lt. General Pushpendra Singh Assumed Charge as New VCOAS; Vice Admiral Sanjay Vatsayan as 47th VCNS
On August 1, 2025, Lieutenant (Lt.)General Pushpendra Singh, General Officer (GO) of the Parachute Regiment, has officially  assumed charge as the new Vice-Chief of Army Staff (VCOAS). He succeeded Lt. General NS Raja Subramani, who superannuated on July 31, 2025.

• In addition to that, Vice Admiral Sanjay Vatsayan, a gunnery and missile systems specialist, officially took charge as the 47th Vice Chief of the Naval Staff (VCNS).
• He succeeded Vice Admiral Krishna Swaminathan, who assumed charge as the Flag Officer Commander-in-Chief (FoCinC) of the Western Naval Command (WNC), replacing Vice Admiral Sanjay J Singh.

About Lt. General Pushpendra Singh:
Parachute Regiment: In December 1987, the GO Singh was commissioned into 4th Battalion, The Parachute regiment (Special Forces).
Key Operations: During his extensive career spanning nearly 4 decades, he has served in some of the most demanding operations like: Operation PAWAN (Sri Lanka); Operation MEGHDOOT (Siachen); Operation ORCHID (North East); and several tenures as Operation RAKSHAK (Jammu & Kashmir, J&K).
About Vice Admiral Sanjay Vatsayan:
Commissioned: Vice Admiral Vatsayan was commissioned into the Indian Navy (IN) on January 01, 1988.
Previous Appointments: Before taking over VCNS, Vatsayan has held various important operational, staff and training appointments, including at the Headquarters Integrated Defence Staff (HQ IDS), and Naval Headquarters (NHQ) in New Delhi.

• He also served as the Deputy Commandant of the National Defence Academy (NDA) and later, he was appointed as Chief of Staff (CoS), Eastern Naval Command (ENC) in December 2021. He took over as the Flag Officer Commanding Eastern Fleet in February 2020.

>>Read Full News

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Indian Navy Receives 3rd Ship of Project 17A Stealth frigate ‘Himgiri’ from GRSEOn 31 July, 2025, the Indian Navy(IN) received the ‘Indian Naval Ship (INS) Himgiri (Yard 3022)’, the third stealth frigate of the Nilgiri-class (Project 17A) series. The vessel was built by Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE) and officially handed over to the IN in Kolkata, West Bengal (WB).

• The Nilgiri class warship was accepted by Rear Admiral Ravnish Seth, Chief Staff Officer (Technical), Eastern Naval Command, on behalf of the IN.

About INS Himgiri:
Background: The INS Himgiri built as a part of an Rs. 21,833 Crore contract to GRSE for the construction of 3 Stealth Frigates under Project 17a for the IN.

• The ship was first launched on 14 December 2020.

Legacy of the Name: The name “Himgiri” is taken from the INS Himgiri(F34), a Leander-class Frigate which was decommissioned in 2005.
Design: The ship was designed by the Warship Design Bureau (WDB) of the IN.
Specifications: It is equipped with a Combined Diesel or Gas (CODOG) propulsion system that drives a Controllable Pitch Propeller(CPP) on each shaft.

• Dimensions: It is 149 metres(m) long, 17.8 m beam and has a weight displacement of 6670 tonnes.
• Speed: It has a maximum speed of 28 knots (52 kilometres per hour, kmph) with a range of 5500 nautical miles.

>>Read Full News

Pakistan Launches PRSS Satellite to Enhance Climate Change Response
On 31 July 2025, Pakistan launched an advanced Earth observation satellite, Pakistan Remote Sensing Satellite(PRSS), aboard a Kuaizhou-1A (KZ-1A) carrier rocket, with technical assistance from Pakistan’s Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO) from Xichang Satellite Launch Centre, in Sichuan Province, China.

• This marks the fourth Earth observation satellite under Pakistan’s URAAN Space Program, reflecting deepening space cooperation between Pakistan and China.

Exam Hints:

• What? Pakistan Launches PRSS Satellite
• From?  Xichang Satellite Launch Centre, China.
• Operator: Pakistan Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO)
• Applications: Disaster management, CPEC development, climate resilience
• Mission: 4th satellite under Pakistan’s URAAN Space Program

Climate Monitoring Commitment:This launch reinforces Pakistan’s commitment to leveraging satellite technology to tackle climate-related challenges and strengthen its capabilities in environmental observation and disaster response.
Applications: Enables 24/7 monitoring for disaster management (floods, landslides, earthquakes), deforestation tracking, and glacier-recession analysis

• Supports precision farming, urban planning, water resource management, tracking deforestation and climate change mitigation.
• Enables infrastructure mapping and identifies geohazards for the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC).

ENVIRONMENT

Researchers Discovered Three Antlion Species in Kerala for the First Time
In July 2025, the scientists from the Shadpada Entomology Research Lab (SERL) at Christ College in Thrissur (Kerala) discovered three antlion species, Indopalpares pardus, Palpares contrarius, and Stenares harpyia, belonging to the family Myrmeleontidae, in the Kerala region of the Western Ghats.

• The discovery, conducted with financial assistance from the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-India, was published in the Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics.

Exam Hints:

• What? Three Antlian Species were discovered
• Where? Kerala
• Name: Indopalpares pardus, Palpares contrarius, and Stenares harpyia
• Family: Myrmeleontidae
• Published Journal: Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics
• Research team from: Shadpada Entomology Research Lab (SERL), Kerala

Indopalpares pardus:
Region: First recorded in Kerala at Vazhayur, Mallapuram district.

• It was previously reported from several states, including Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh (MP), Gujarat, Maharashtra, and Odisha.

Features: Indopalpares pardus is known for its large size and broad wings with leopard-like spots.
Palpares contrarius:
Regions: In Kerala, it was discovered in several places, including Kattilapara and Rosemala (Kollam), Kolahalamedu (Idukki), Kuthuparamba (Kannur), Payamthondu (Kozhikode), Pudunagaram (Palakkad), and Thirunelly (Wayanad).

• It was previously recorded in states such as Karnataka, MP, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu (TN), and Mizoram.

Features: It is a large, eye-catching species of antlion, known for its broad, patterned wings with mottled brown and cream-white markings, and a robust body.
Stenares harpyia:
Regions: It has been discovered in several regions of Kerala, such as Gavi (Pathanamthitta), Thirunelly, and Vallakkadavu (Idukki).

• It was previously found only in TN and Telangana.

Features: It is among the largest known antlion species with broad and elongated wings, marked with bold, dark patches and reticulated patterns. It often exhibits a leopard or harpy eagle-like appearance.
About Kerala:
Chief Minister (CM) – Pinarayi Vijayan
Governor – Rajendra Arlekar
Capital – Thiruvananthapuram
National Park (NP) – Anamudi Shola NP, Mathikettan Shola NP

SPORTS

8th Commonwealth Youth Games to be Held in Malta
On July 31, 2025, London, England based Commonwealth Sport, formerly known as the Commonwealth Games Federation, announced that Malta will host the 8th Commonwealth Youth Games (CYG) in 2027, showcasing its dedication to expanding the Games to new regions, particularly small and island nations.
Exam Hints:

• Event: 8th Commonwealth Youth Games (CYG)
• Host: Malta
• When? In 2027
• Announced by: Commonwealth Sport
• Significance: This edition will feature the largest para-sport programme in CYG history
• Sports: Athletics and para-athletics, netball, squash, swimming and para-swimming, triathlon, and weightlifting.
• Debut Sports: Sailing and water polo

About 8th Commonwealth Youth Games (CYG):
Venues: The games will take place in four venue clusters across the islands of Malta and Gozo. Hotels will be used to create two Athlete villages, one on each island.
Athletes: The 8th CYG will feature over 1,000 athletes, aged from 14 to 18, representing 74 countries and territories.
Sports: The athletes will compete in eight sports such as Athletics and Para Athletics, Swimming and Para Swimming, Netball, Squash, Triathlon, Weightlifting, and including two debut sports, including Sailing and Water Polo.
Largest Para Sport: The 8th CYG will feature the largest Para sport program in the history of CYG, with the first appearance of para swimming, following the introduction of para-athletics at the 2023 CYG in Trinidad and Tobago.
Note: India hosted the 3rd CYG in Pune(Maharashtra) in 2008.

IMPORTANT DAYS

World Lung Cancer Day 2025 – August 1
World Lung Cancer(WLC) Day is observed annually across the globe on 1st August to raise awareness about lung cancer, the most common and deadliest cancer globally, its risk factors, and the importance of early detection and treatment.

• It aims to support those affected by lung cancer, advocate for increased research funding, and encourage healthier lifestyle choices to reduce cancer. 
• Symbol: The pearl or white awareness ribbon serves as a symbol for lung cancer awareness, representing support for individuals affected by the disease.
• 2025 Theme:  “Stronger Together: United for Lung Cancer Awareness”.

Background:
Origin: WLC Day was first organised in 2012 by the Forum of International Respiratory Societies (FIRS) with the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) and American College of Chest Physicians
Aim: To raise awareness and to promote lung cancer prevention, early detection, and improved access to care for victims.
>>Read Full News

Muslim Women Rights Day 2025 – August 1The Muslim Women’s Rights Day also known as ‘Muslim Mahila Adhikar Divas’ is annually observed across India on August 1 to commemorate the enactment of the Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Act, 2019, which criminalizes the practice of instant Triple Talaq in India.

• August 1, 2025, marks the 6th anniversary of Muslim Women’s Rights Day.

Triple Talaq:
Instant Divorce: Triple Talaq refers to the instant and unilateral divorce, through which a Muslim man could legally divorce his wife by pronouncing the word “Talaq” three times.
Muslim Law: Under the Muslim law, Triple Talaq means liberty from the relationship of marriage. The law did not require the consent of the wife and did not have the need for involvement of the judiciary.

• Triple Talaq is also known as Talaq-e-Biddat.

Background:
Law Enactment: The Parliament of India enacted The Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Act, 2019 on August 1, 2019, that has made the practice of instant triple talaq a criminal offence.
Observance: In 2020, the Ministry of Minority Affairs (MoMA) announced that Muslim Women’s Rights Day will be observed across India on August 1.

• The first observance of Muslim Women’s Rights Day took place on August 1, 2020, marking the first anniversary of enactment of law.

About Ministry of Minority Affairs (MoMA):
Union Minister – Kiren Rijiju (Constituency – Arunachal West, Arunachal Pradesh, AR)
Minister of State (MoS) – George Kurian (Rajya Sabha – Madhya Pradesh, MP)
>>Read Full News

World FinTech Day 2025 – August 1World FinTech Day is observed across the globe on 1st August (annually) to raise awareness about the growing importance of FinTech (Financial Technology) in modernising financial services and improving access to financial products.

• FinTech is the term used to describe the integration of technological innovation in the design and delivery of financial services and products.

Background:
Commemoration: This day commemorates the death anniversary of Cosimo de’ Medici, an Italian Banker and politician, in 1464.
About Cosimo de’ Medici: He was known as the father of the modern banking system.

• He is noted for his representation and expansion of his family bank, Medici Bank and handling of Papal Finances and finances of the Roman Catholic Church(RC), the world’s largest Christian Church.

2025 Event:
The 6th edition of the Global FinTech Fest (GFF) is set to take place in October 2025 at the Jio World Convention Centre in Mumbai, Maharashtra.

• The 2025 theme of GFF is “Empowering Finance for a Better World, Powered by AI”.

>>Read Full News

STATE NEWS

SP Goyal Officially Assumed Charge as New Chief Secretary of UP
In July, 2025, Shakshi Praskash (SP) Goyal, currently the Additional Chief Secretary(CS) in the Chief Minister(CM)’s Secretariat, was officially assumed charge as the new Chief Secretary (CS) of Uttar Pradesh (UP). He succeeded Manoj Kumar Singh following his retirement on July 31, 2025.

• With this, SP Goyal became the 7th CS of the state ever since Yogi Adityanath assumed charge as CM of UP in 2017.

Exam Hints:

• What? SP Goyal appointed as new Chief Secretary (CS) of UP
• Predecessor: Manoj Kumar Singh (Retired)
• Rank: 7th Chief Secretary during Yogi Adityanath’s tenure (since 2017)
• Batch/Cadre: 1989-batch IAS officer, UP cadre
• Additional Charge: Chairperson of PICUP; CEO of UPEIDA and UPSHA; and Project Director of U DASP, among others

Abou Shakshi Praskash (SP) Goyal:
Batch & Cadre: He is a 1989-batch Indian Administrative Service (IAS) officer from UP cadre.
Experience: With over eight years of service in the CM’s Office, he is the state’s senior-most bureaucrat and has held several crucial administrative positions.
Joint Secretary in MoE: Previously, he has served as the joint secretary with the Department of Higher Education (DoHE) under the Ministry of Education (MoE), from October 2014 to May 2017.
Additional Responsibilities: In addition to serving as CS, he will also hold the additional charge of Infrastructure and Industrial Development Commissioner, Additional Chief Secretary (Coordination), Chairperson of Pradeshiya Industrial & Investment Corporation of UP Limited (PICUP), Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of UP Expressways Industrial Development Authority (UPEIDA) and UP State Highways Authority (UPSHA), and Project Director of the UP Diversified Agricultural Support Project (UPDASP).

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