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NATIONAL AFFAIRS
PM Modi Celebrated 10 Years of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
On 2nd October 2024, Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi participated in the Swachh Bharat Diwas program held at Vigyan Bhawan in New Delhi, Delhi on the occasion of 155th birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi.
- The program was organised to commemorate the successful completion of 10 years of Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM), one of the most significant mass movements for cleanliness in India.
i.During the event, PM Modi launched and laid the foundation stone for several projects related to sanitation and cleanliness, worth more than Rs 9,600 crore.
ii.The SHS 2024 campaign which was observed across India from 17th September, 2024 to 2nd October, 2024, successfully culminated in the Swachh Bharat Diwas programme.
- Theme of SHS 2024: ‘Swabhav Swachhata-Sanskar Swachhata’.
About Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA):
Union Minister- Manohar Lal Khattar (Constituency- Karnal, Haryana)
Minister of State (MoS)- Tokhan Sahu (Constituency- Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh)
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Highlights of Jamaican PM Andrew Holness’s 4 Day Visit to India
Andrew Holness, Prime Minister(PM) of Jamaica, paid a 4-day visit to India from 30th September 2024 to 3rd October 2024 to strengthen bilateral ties in key areas including trade and investment.
- This marks the first-ever bilateral visit by a Jamaican PM to India as well as the first visit of Andrew Holness to India.
- Narendra Modi, PM of India, highlighted that the India-Jamaica relationship is defined by 4Cs- culture, cricket, Commonwealth and Caribbean.
India & Jamaica Exchange 4 MoUs:
India and Jamaica exchanged 4 Memorandum of Understanding (MoUs) in the fields of Digital Public Infrastructure, Cultural Exchange and Sports.
About Jamaica
Prime Minister – Andrew Holness
Capital – Kingston
Currency – Jamaican Dollar
Continent – North America
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MoH&FW Increases Monthly Nutrition Support for TB patients to Rs 1000
On 7th October 2024, Union Minister Jagat Prakash (JP) Nadda, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoH&FW) announced significant enhancements to nutritional support for Tuberculosis (TB). The initiatives aim to improve the health and recovery of TB patients and their household contacts.
Key Initiatives:
i.The Ni-Kshay Poshan Yojana (NPY) has increased monthly nutritional support from Rs. 500 per month/patient to Rs. 1,000/month/patient for TB patients throughout their treatment.
ii.There will be introduction of Energy Dense Nutritional Supplementation (EDNS) for all patients with a Body Mass Index (BMI) below 18.5 kilogram per meter square (kg/m^2) at the time of diagnosis.
- In this regard, TB patients will receive nutritional support totaling Rs 3,000 to Rs 6,000 annually under NPY.
- The enhancements will benefit approximately 25 lakh TB patients, including 12 lakh underweight individuals.
iii.EDNS will be provided for the first two months of treatment to eligible patients.
- The initiative will incur an additional cost of Rs 1,040 crores, shared between the central and state governments at a 60:40 ratio.
iv.The expansion of scope and coverage of Ni-kshay Mitra initiative will also be extended) to the family members (household contacts) of TB patients under Pradhan Mantri TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan (PMTBMBA).
- They will get a food baskets for the improvement of their immunity.
Key Points:
i.Till date, Rs 3,202 crores have been disbursed to 1.13 crore beneficiaries through Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) under NPY.
ii.India aims to eliminate tuberculosis by 2025, ahead of the global 2030 target for sustainable development.
iii.NPY is a financial support scheme by MoHFW for TB patients to buy food. It was launched in 2018.
BANKING & FINANCE
SBI Card & Singapore Airlines Launched 2 Co-Branded Credit Cards: KrisFlyer SBI Card & KrisFlyer SBI Card Apex
SBI Cards and Payment Services Limited (SBI Card), a non-banking financial company, has partnered with Singapore Airlines (SIA) to launch two co-branded credit cards namely the “KrisFlyer SBI Card” and the “KrisFlyer SBI Card Apex”.
- These contactless cards are available on American Express and Mastercard platforms, offer frequent flyers curated rewards.
i.The travel-centric co-branded credit cards were designed to cater to super-premium cardholders. This offers exclusive privileges in the air and on ground with the SIA Group which includes Singapore Airlines, Scoot airline, KrisShop.com, Kris+ lifestyle app and Pelago
ii.These cards will be accepted at over 24 million outlets across the globe, including 3,25,000 outlets in India.
iii.The joining and annual renewal fee for the KrisFlyer SBI Card is Rs 2,999 plus applicable taxes, and Rs 9,999 plus applicable taxes for the KrisFlyer SBI Card Apex.
AWARDS & RECOGNITIONS
David Baker, Demis Hassabis, and John Jumper won Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2024
American biochemist David Baker, Demis Hassabis, the Chief Executive Office (CEO ) of DeepMind Technologies Limited, a subsidiary of Google, and American chemist John Jumper were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2024 by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in Stockholm, Sweden on 9th October 2024.
- The Nobel Prize is awarded to David Baker “for computational protein design” and to Demis Hassabis and John Jumper “for protein structure prediction”.
Prize amount: 11 million Swedish kronor, with one half to David Baker and the other half jointly to Demis Hassabis and John Jumper.
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APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS
Ajit Kumar Saxena Takes Additional Charge as CMD of RINL
Ajit Kumar Saxena has been given additional charge of Chairman and Managing Director(CMD) of Visakhapatnam(Andhra Pradesh, AP) based Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited (Vizag Steel), Central Public Sector Undertaking(CPSU) under the Ministry of Steel(MoS). He would take on the new responsibility with immediate effect
- He is currently serving as the CMD of MOIL Limited (formerly Manganese Ore (India) Limited), a Miniratna CPSE under the MoS.
Ajit Kumar Saxena succeeds Atul Bhatt, the CMD of RINL, who went on personal leave from 9th September 2024 till 30th November 2024, the date of his superannuation.
Martin Schlegel took charge as Chairman of SNB Governing Board
On 1st October 2024, Martin Schlegel took over as the new Chairman of the Governing Board of the Swiss National Bank(SNB) succeeding Thomas Jordan. He also took over as the Head of SNB’s Department I in Zurich, Switzerland
- Schlegel has been serving as the Vice Chairman of the Governing Board and headed the SNB’s Department II since 2022.
- He joined SNB in 2003 and served on the Governing Board as an Alternate Member from 2018 to 2022.
Note:
At its meeting on 26th June 2024, the Federal Council appointed Martin Schlegel as new Chairman of the Governing Board of SNB with effect from 1st October 2024. The council also appointed,
- Antoine Martin, Member of the Governing Board and Head of Department III, as Vice Chairman of the Governing Board and Head of Department II in Berne, Switzerland.
- Petra Tschudin, Alternate Member of the Governing Board, as the new Member of the Governing Board and Head of Department III in Zurich.
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
National Space Commission Clears India’s 5th Lunar Mission ‘Lupex’
The National Space Commission, India’s apex body on space missions, has approved the Lunar Polar Exploration Mission (Lupex), India’s 5th Lunar mission. This will be conducted in collaboration between the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and Japan’s Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA).
- This is a part of India’s broader lunar ambitions, which include sending an astronaut to the Moon and returning safely.
Key Points:
i.Mission Duration: Lupex aims for a lunar surface duration of up to 100 days, significantly longer than Chandrayaan-3’s 20 days.
ii.Lander and Rover: JAXA will develop the rover and rocket, while ISRO will create the lander system. The Lupex rover will weigh about 350 kg, much larger than the 26 kg Pragyan rover from Chandrayaan-3.
iii.Lunar South Pole Target: The mission will land at the Moon’s south pole to investigate water and other resources, as well as analyze the interaction of water with lunar regolith.
iv.Future Developments: A new lander engine, designed for potential human landings on the Moon, will be developed as part of Lupex by ISRO’s Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre (LPSC).
v.Cabinet Approval: Following the Union cabinet’s clearance of Chandrayaan-4, Lupex is set to seek cabinet approval soon, enabling ISRO to begin preparations.
SPORTS
2024-25 Irani Cup: Mumbai Cricket Team won the title for 15th Time
Mumbai Cricket team captained by Ajinkya Rahane won the 2024–25 Irani Cup, the 61st edition of the first-class cricket tournament in India, by defeating the Rest of India Team captained by Ruturaj Gaikwad, based on the first-innings lead. This marks Mumbai’s 15th Irani Cup title and the first title since 1997.
- The 2024–25 Irani Cup was held from 1st to 5th October 2024 at the Bharat Ratna Atal Bihari Vajpayee Eakana Stadium in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh(UP).
- Mumbai Team received a cash prize of Rs 50 Lakhs from the Board of Control for Cricket in India(BCCI) and an additional Rs 1 crore from the Mumbai Cricket Association (MCA).
About Irani Cup:
i.The Irani Cup, also known as the IDFC First Bank Irani Trophy for sponsorship reasons, is annually organised by the BCCI.
ii.Irani Cup is an annual first-class cricket tournament played between the Ranji Trophy champions and the multi-state Rest of India team which includes players from other state teams.
iii.The first edition was played in March 1960 to celebrate the 25th anniversary of the Ranji Trophy.
Highlights of 2024-25 Irani Cup:
i.Mumbai won the tournament through their first innings lead over the Rest of India on the 5th and final day.
ii.Tanush Kotian’s score of a hundred helped the Mumbai team win the Irani Cup.
iii.Mumbai made a total of 537 runs and 329/8 declared in 78 overs and stopped the Rest of India at 416 runs in total.
iv.Sarfaraz Khan (Mumbai) was declared the Player of the Match.
OBITUARY
Padma Awardee Ratan Tata, Chairman Emeritus of Tata Sons passed away
Veteran Indian Industrialist & Philanthropist Ratan Naval Tata, Chairman Emeritus of Tata Sons, passed away at the age of 86 at Breach Candy Hospital in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
- He was born on 28th December, 1937 in Bombay Presidency, British India (now known as Mumbai ).
About Ratan Tata:
i.He started his career with Tata Group in 1961 by joining the Tata Steel as shop floor manager.
ii.In 1971, he was appointed as the director-in-charge of National Radio and Electronics, a company within Tata Group.
iii.Following the retirement of Jehangir Ratanji Dadabhoy (J.R.D.) Tata, he was appointed as the chairman of Tata Sons in 1991 and held that post till 2012, with an interim role in 2016-17.
- During his tenure as chairman of Tata Sons, the conglomerate experienced a remarkable transformation and has expanded significantly to over USD 100 billion in revenue by the time he retired in 2012.
iv.He led major global acquisitions, including British tea giant Tetley (2000), the British steelmaker Corus(2007) and luxury carmaker Jaguar Land Rover (2008).
v.Under the leadership of Ratan Tata, Tata Motors launched Tata Indica, India’s 1st indigenously designed passenger car in 1998.
vi.He established Tata Teleservices, the telecommunications arm of the Tata Group, in 1996. He led the Initial Public Offering (IPO) of Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), the group’s IT Company in 2004.
vii.He introduced Tata Nano cars in 2008, with the vision of making cars affordable for the masses, priced at just Rs 1 lakh.
Awards and Recognition:
i.Ratan Tata was honoured with Padma Bhushan, India’s 3rd highest civilian honour in 2000 and the Padma Vibhushan, India’s 2nd highest civilian honour in 2008 by the Government of India (GoI) for his exceptional contribution to trade and industry.
ii.He was bestowed with the Oslo Business for Peace Award in 2010.
iii.In 2014, Queen Elizabeth II conferred him with the prestigious Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire, one of the highest civilian honours in the United Kingdom (UK).
iv.In 2020, the Government of Singapore awarded him the Honorary Citizen Award, acknowledging his influence and contributions to their society.
v.He also honoured with Assam Baibhav in 2022 and Maharashtra Bhushan in 2006.
BOOKS & AUTHORS
Trinidadian cricketer, Brian Lara penned his memoir titled “LARA: The England Chronicles”
Former Trinidadian cricketer, Brian Charles Lara, nicknamed “The Prince of Port of Spain” or “The Prince”, has penned his memoir titled “LARA: The England Chronicles”. The book is published by the American publishing house Simon & Schuster LLC.
- The book offers insight into Brian Lara’s childhood, his ambitions of playing for the West Indies, his batting highs, and his captaincy. It also offers readers a microscopic look at cricket in Trinidad and Tobago.
About Brian Charles Lara:
i.Brian Lara played for the West Indies from 1990 to 2007. He announced his retirement from all forms of international cricket in 2007.
ii.He captained the West Indies to victory in the 2004 International Cricket Council (ICC) Champions Trophy.
- This was the first major ICC trophy the West Indies had won since the 1979 Cricket World Cup
iii.He holds the record for the highest individual score in first-class cricket, with 501 not out for Warwickshire against Durham at Edgbaston in 1994
iv.He was inducted to the ICC’s Hall of Fame as a 2012–13 season inductee
IMPORTANT DAYS
International Day of Older Persons 2024 – October 1
The United Nation’s(UN) International Day of Older Persons (IDOP) is annually observed across the globe on October 1, to recognize the important role older people (defined as those aged 65 years or older) play in society.
- 1st October,2024 marks the observance of 34th Anniversary of IDOP.
Theme:
The Theme of IDOP 2024 is- “Ageing with Dignity: The Importance of Strengthening Care and Support Systems for Older Persons Worldwide.”
- This theme highlights the urgent need to improve care systems as the global population age. The focus is on the growing global demographic shift towards older populations.
World Teacher’s Day 2024 – October 5
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO)’s World Teacher’s Day (WTD) is observed annually across the globe on 5th October to acknowledge the vital contributions of teachers and their impact on shaping future generations.
- The theme of World Teachers’ Day 2024 is “Valuing teacher voices: towards a new social contract for education”.
Background:
World Teachers’ Day was first celebrated on 5th October 1994, to commemorate the 30th anniversary of the 1966 conference.
About United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO):
Director-General– Audrey Azoulay
Headquarters– Paris, France
UNESCO’s Constitution was adopted in London (United Kingdom) in 1945, it entered into force in 1946.
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International Day of Non-Violence 2024- October 2
The United Nations’ (UN) International Day of Non-Violence is observed annually across the globe on October 2, the birthday of Mahatma Gandhi, leader of the Indian Independence Movement, who is celebrated for his philosophy of non-violence and peace.
- 2nd October 2024 is the 155th Birth Anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi and 18th International Day of Non-Violence.
- The day was established by the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) through resolution A/RES/61/271 on June 15, 2007, following a proposal by Iranian Nobel Laureate Shirin Ebadi in June 2004.
Note: In India, October 2 is observed as “Gandhi Jayanti”.
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STATE NEWS
Assam Becomes 1st State to Implement Co-Districts, the new administrative structure
Assam has become the first state in India to launch and operationalize Co-Districts, a pioneering initiative to decentralise district administration and take governance to grassroots. Co-Districts are the targeted administrative units in a district.
- 21 such co-districts were launched across Assam with an aim of bringing governance and administrative work closer to citizens’ homes.
Background:
i.Assam Chief Minister (CM) Himanta Biswa Sarma launched the administrative revamp in 2023, which eliminates the previous system of 24 civil sub-divisions.
ii.This is a part of Sarma’s larger vision of “Minimum Government, Maximum Governance.”
About Co-Districts:
i.Co-Districts, the smaller administrative units, will function below the district level.
ii.This will streamline the delivery of essential services like issuing certificates, ration cards, land permits, and government approvals.
iii.This will empower local officials, providing services such as land sale permissions and welfare schemes at the grassroots level.
iv.The guardian ministers of each district will oversee the governance and act as chief ministers for their respective districts.
Points to note:
i.The government aims to introduce such co-district offices in all 126 assembly constituencies in Assam.
iii.On 4th October 2024, Phase 1 of this initiative began and on 5th October 2024, 18 co-districts were inaugurated.
About Assam:
Chief Minister(CM)– Himanta Biswa Sarma
Governor– Lakshman Prasad Acharya
Airports– Jorhat Airport (Rowriah Airport); Salonibari airport
UNESCO Heritage Sites– Kaziranga National Park; Manas Wildlife Sanctuary
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