Current Affairs 1 October 2026

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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

MoSPI Releases Sub-Sectoral Trial ISP for July 2026 Covering 19 Sub-Sectors
In September 2026, the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) released the Sub-Sectoral Trial Index of Services Production (ISP) for July 2026, with 2024–25 as the base year, covering 19 service sub-sectors.
ISP Overview:
ISP: It is a new macroeconomic indicator to capture the performance of the services sector. It tracks short-term changes in the volume of output produced by the formal services sector relative to a specified base year.
Growth recorded: The ISP data, published on a trial basis, showed that 17 out of 19 sub-sectors recorded positive growth in July, 2026.

• 10 out of the 19 sub-sectors recorded double-digit growth in July, 2026 as compared to July, 2025.

Mixed Performance: All categories except Air Transport and Repair Services recorded positive Year-on-Year (YoY) growth in July, 2026.

• Air Transport declined 8.4%, while Repair Services contracted 5%.

UIDAI Launches 5 New Initiatives at ‘Aadhaar Samvaad’ on 17th Aadhaar Day in Kolkata, WB
On 29 September 2026, the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI), under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), launched five new initiatives at the Aadhaar Samvaad stakeholders’ conference in Kolkata, West Bengal (WB), marking the 17th Aadhaar Day.

• The event was graced by Union Minister of State (MoS) Jitin Prasada, Ministry of Commerce and Industry (MoC&I) & Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) as the Chief Guest.

Aadhaar Samvaad:
Overview: It is a stakeholder conference organised by the UIDAI to discuss innovations, challenges and ideas for strengthening the Aadhaar ecosystem.
Aadhaar Day: The day commemorates the issuance of the first Aadhaar number on 29 September 2010.
Five New Initiatives: Face Authentication for ePDS, SWIK Portal 2.0, Sub-AUA/Sub-KUA (LITE) Framework, New Token Management System, Revamped UIDAI Website

Union Minister Amit Shah Inaugurates PRAHAAR CT Policy Conference; Launches Extradition Portal
In September 2026, Union Minister Amit Shah, Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) and Ministry of Cooperation, inaugurated the ‘PRAHAAR – Counter Terrorism (CT) Policy and Strategy’ Conference organised by MHA in New Delhi, Delhi, outlining a seven-pillar framework and launching an Extradition Portal to expedite fugitive return efforts.

• He also launched a series of initiatives related to women empowerment and cooperation including Vanitham She-Mart Initiative at the Pavithram Convention Centre in Kollam, Keralam, during his visit.

About PRAHAAR – National CT Policy and Strategy:
Overview: PRAHAAR is India’s national counter-terrorism framework based on an intelligence-led and proactive approach to combat terrorism, radicalisation and the wider terror ecosystem.
Pillars: The framework is based on seven pillars: Prevention, Response, Aggregating Internal Capacities, Human Rights, Attenuating Conditions for Terrorism, Aligning International Efforts and Recovery and Resilience, implemented through a whole-of-society approach.
Portal: The portal brings together MHA, Ministry of External Affairs (MEA), Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) and state agencies on a common platform to coordinate extradition proceedings.

Union Minister Bhupender Yadav Launches India’s First PRAMAAN Forest Certification
On 29 September 2026, Union Minister, Bhupender Yada, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC), handed over India’s first PRAMAAN (Programme for Recognition and Accreditation of sustainable Management practices for Agroforestry And Natural forestry resources) certificates under the Indian Forest and Wood Certification Scheme (IFWCS) in New Delhi, Delhi.

• This marked the transition of India’s forest certification framework from policy to field-level implementation, and the scheme is implemented by the Indian Institute of Forest Management (IIFM), Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh (MP).

Highlights of PRAMAAN Certificates:
First Certification Rollout: India issued its first PRAMAAN certificates, marking the shift from policy framework to on-ground implementation in forest and agroforestry certification.
Beneficiaries:  Certificates were awarded to the Andhra Pradesh Forest Development Corporation (APFDC) for plantations covering 33,000 hectares, and to Govind Mohapatra, a bamboo farmer associated with the Odisha Bamboo Development Agency (OBDA).
Framework:  PRAMAAN covers Forest Management (FM), Trees Outside Forests (TOF), and Chain of Custody (CoC), ensuring traceability of forest and non-timber forest products across supply chains.
Accreditation system:  Certification is based on independent third-party audits (not self-declaration), aligned with the National Working Plan Code (NWPC) 2023, and accredited by the National Accreditation Board for Certification Bodies (NABCB) under the Quality Council of India (QCI).

• It Supports deforestation-free sourcing, boosts market access, and promotes livelihoods.

Ministry of MSME &  MoSPI Sign MoU to Strengthen Statistical Business Register
In September 2026, the Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MoMSME) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) to bolster the Statistical Business Register (SBR).

• The agreement was signed by Rajneesh, Additional Secretary and Development Commissioner, MoMSME, and Dalip Singh, Additional Director General (ADG), MoSPI.

Key Details of MoU:
Aim: The key objective of the Mou is  to institutionalise a mechanism for sharing relevant data for the development and strengthening of the SBR.
Data Exchange Via APIs: The newly signed agreement provides a framework for sharing of unit-level data from the Udyam Registration ecosystem of the Ministry of MSME with MoSPI via Application Programming Interfaces (APIs).
Significance: The exchanged data will help in the preparation and strengthening of the National Statistical Business Register (NSBR).

• In addition, it is expected to enhance the coverage, consistency and reliability of business information used for statistical purposes.

About SBR: It is a centralised and regularly updated database of registered businesses, enterprises, establishments and other economic units operating within a defined geographical area, and is maintained by the national statistical offices of the respective countries.

DRDO and CSIR-CGCRI Collaborate to Develop Indigenous Lightweight Bulletproof Glass for Armoured Vehicles
In September 2026, Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) partnered with the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research–Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute (CSIR-CGCRI) as a technology partner, with an investment of Rs 50 crore to develop indigenous advanced lightweight bulletproof glass for armoured vehicles.
About Bulletproof Glass Project:
Execution: The four-year project is being executed with participation from DRDO laboratories, including the Naval Materials Research Laboratory (NMRL), Maharashtra, and the Terminal Ballistics Research Laboratory (TBRL), Chandigarh.
Features: Developed using glass-ceramic technology, it integrates nanocrystals within a glass matrix, where controlled crystallisation enhances strength, toughness, and transparency, enabling use as transparent armour.
Capability: The project targets multi-shot protection against AK-47-class threats in line with Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) Level V and VI.

• Initial trials at DRDO’s Terminal Ballistics Research Laboratory (TBRL), Chandigarh, successfully stopped Trichy Assault Rifle (TAR) rounds fired from 10 metres(m) at about 695 metres per second (m/s), with further multi-shot testing planned.

About DRDO: Established in 1958 and headquartered in New Delhi, Delhi, the DRDO works under the Ministry of Defence (MoD) with the motto “Balasya Mulam Vigyanam(Strength’s origin is in Science)”.

Air Ayodhya Receives NOC from Ministry of Civil Aviation to Connect UP under UDAN
In September 2026, Air Ayodhya, a regional airline by Megamax Aviation Private Limited, received a No Objection Certificate (NOC) from the Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA) to operate under the Regional Connectivity Scheme – Ude Desh ka Aam Nagrik (RCS – UDAN), aiming to connect underserved regions of Uttar Pradesh (UP).
Highlights of the Air Ayodhya NoC Approval Under UDAN:
Regulatory:  The NOC is the first regulatory milestone, followed by application for the Air Operator Certificate (AOC) from the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA).
Connectivity: The airline will focus on UP, connecting tier-2 and tier-3 cities, pilgrimage centres, and tourism hubs with major cities.
Fleet: Operations will begin with Cessna Grand Caravan EX aircraft, with expansion to 19-seater aircraft and turboprops, aligning with the UDAN scheme to promote affordable regional air connectivity in underserved areas.
Expansion: Air Ayodhya plans a 50-aircraft fleet by 2036, strengthening regional connectivity and economic growth.

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

5 new sites added to India’s UNESCO Tentative List for World Heritage Sites
In September 2026, The Permanent Delegation of India to United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) announced the inclusion of  5 new Indian heritage sites in the Tentative List of UNESCO’s World Heritage Convention (WHC).

• Four of these are located in Madhya Pradesh (MP) namely, Bagh Cave Paintings, Group of Temples of the Chambal Valley, Udaigiri Caves, Ginnorgarh Fort; and the India-South Africa serial transnational proposal, Sites of Satyagraha.
• With this, the total number of Indian sites on the tentative list increases to 78, including 58 (Cultural Category), 3 (Mixed category) and 17 (Natural category).

Key Details of Sites:
Udaigiri Caves: Also known as Sunrise caves, are located near Bhopal, the capital city of  MP. These caves contain a rock-cut sacred ensemble developed during the late 4th and early 5th centuries CE under the Gupta empire.
Bagh Caves: A group of nine rock-cut Buddhist caves situated on the southern slope of the Vindhyan range at the banks of the Baghni river in Dhar district, in western MP.
Ginnorgarh Fort: Rises atop a steep hill, located inside present-day Ratapani Wildlife Sanctuary (WLS) which is  near Bhopal (MP).
Group of Temples of the Chambal Valley: The Group of Temples of the Chambal Valley comprise Bateshwar, Padavali and Kakarmath temples, situated in the Chambal valley region of present-day Morena district, MP.
Components of Satyagraha: The property includes 9 sites: 2 in South Africa (Pietermaritzburg Station, Phoenix Settlement) and 7 in India (Sabarmati Ashram, Mani Bhavan, Sevagram Ashram, Aga Khan Palace, Gandhi Smriti, Harijan Sevak Sangh, Mahatma Gandhi Satyagraha Smarak).

WHO-UNICEF Report: 50 Million Indian Children with No Access to Sanitation Service, the highest number Globally
In September 2026, the World Health Organisation (WHO) and United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) jointly released a report titled “Progress on Drinking Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene in Schools 2015-25”. The report revealed that  India has 50 million i.e.  nearly 1/5th of the world’s 244 million children who do not have access to sanitation services (as of 2025), the highest for any country in the world.

• The report is part of the Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water, Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH),  tracking the progress as well as challenges faced by countries in drinking water, sanitation and hygiene.

Key Findings:
Other Countries without Sanitation Services: India is closely followed by countries like: Nigeria (34 million); Ethiopia (26 million); the Democratic Republic of the Congo (11 million); and Indonesia (8 million), where children have no sanitation service at their schools.
Lack of Hygiene Service: Apart from sanitation, the report showed that 362 million children worldwide still had no hygiene service at their school in 2025.

• Of the total children with no hygiene service at their schools, 20 million were from India.

Global Projections for 2030: Based on current trajectories:

• Water: Projected at 84% access, 10% with no service.
• Sanitation: Projected at 81% access, 7% with no service.
• Hygiene: Projected at 79% access, 12% with no service.

BANKING & FINANCE

JNPA Partners with IFC for India’s First Blue Financing for Shore Power Infrastructure
In September 2026, Jawaharlal Nehru Port Authority (JNPA) has partnered with the International Finance Corporation (IFC), a member of the World Bank Group , to secure India’s first blue financing of USD 70 million (approximately Rs 672 crore) for developing Shore Power Supply (SPS) infrastructure across its terminals in Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra.

• The 10-year United States Dollar (USD)-linked External Commercial Borrowing (ECB) loan agreement was signed in New Delhi, Delhi without any sovereign guarantee.

About SPS Infrastructure:
Objective: SPS, also known as cold ironing, enables ships at berth to connect to land-based electricity instead of operating onboard diesel auxiliary engines, reducing emissions and fuel consumption.
Implementation: The project will be developed in two phases over 2–3 years and will include 33 kilovolt(kV)substations, cable systems, electraonic(e)-houses, frequency converters and shore-side power connection points at multiple berths.

Apple Launched Apple Pay in India with Axis Bank-issued Visa, Mastercard credit cards
In September 2026, United State of America(USA) technology company Apple Inc. officially launched its Apple Pay in India, a new payment feature that enables iPhone, iPad, and Apple watch users to make payments using Axis Bank-issued Visa and Mastercard  credit cards.
Key Details:
Secure transactions: Apple Pay uses an encrypted device account number secured through Mastercard’s tokenisation technology.
Payment Method: Payments can be authenticated using Face Identification (ID), Touch ID or device passcode by holding the device near a contactless terminal.
Activation Process: In order the avail the benefits of Apple’s new payment feature, users/customers can add their eligible credit card to the Apple Wallet via the Axis Bank  application (app), or through the wallet app on their iPhone
Categories: For the initial phase, the newly launched service is being rolled out across merchants in categories like: food and beverage, travel, fashion and lifestyle.
Payment Partners: Apple has also partnered with payment service providers such as Cashfree, Juspay, Mswipe, Paytm, PayU, Pine Labs, Razorpay and Worldline to facilitate Apple Pay acceptance.
UPI & RuPay Support:Apple Pay’s initial offering in India is card-based and does not support the Unified Payments Interface (UPI) or RuPay cards.
About Apple Inc.: Apple Inc. (formerly known as Apple Computer Inc.), an American multinational technology company, was founded by Steve jobs and Steve Wozniak in 1976.

Bank of India Launches User-Level Programmable CBDC  with Auto-Issuance
In September 2026, Bank of India (BOI), one of India’s leading public sector banks(PSB), launched User-Level Programmable Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) with Auto-Issuance, enabling users to automate recurring Digital Rupee (eINR) payments while specifying the purpose for which the funds can be used.

• The functionality, developed by Montran India, is available on BOI CBDC platform and was unveiled at the Global FinTech Fest (GFF) 2026 in Mumbai, Maharashtra.

About User-level Programmable CBDC:
Key Purpose: The newly launched feature will enable the account holders to schedule automatic transfers of digital rupee (eINR) to a beneficiary’s CBDC wallet at a fixed amount and frequency; and put restrictions on how the recipient will spend the funds.
Comply with RBI and NPCI guidelines: The new capability is developed in compliance with the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) guidelines.
Key Applications: It has built-in support for allowances, education expenses and other recurring, purpose-bound payments.
About Digital Rupee (eINR):The Digital Rupee (eINR) is India’s Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) issued by the RBI. It is the digital form of sovereign currency and is recognised as legal tender, similar to physical currency.

• RBI launched the pilot for the wholesale Digital Rupee (eINR-W) on 1 November 2022, followed by the pilot for the retail Digital Rupee (eINR-R) on 1 December 2022.

AWARDS & RECOGNITIONS

Lalit Kala Akademi Announces 20 Awards at 65th National Exhibition of Art
In September 2026, the Lalit Kala Akademi (National Academy of Art) under the Ministry of Culture announced 20 awards at the 65th National Exhibition of Art (NEA), organised at Rabindra Bhavan, New Delhi, Delhi, showcasing 6,175 artworks from 2,495 artists across 27 States and Union Territories (UTs).

• The awards were felicitated by Union Minister Gajendra Singh Shekhawat, Ministry of Culture.

About 65th National Exhibition of Art:
Selection: A two-tier jury process was followed where the First-Tier Jury shortlisted 270 artworks, and the Second-Tier Jury selected 20 artworks for prestigious Lalit Kala Akademi Awards.
Categories: The awards covered major visual art forms including painting, sculpture, drawing, printmaking, and mixed media, highlighting innovation in materials such as terracotta, ceramic, wood, and metal.
Key Awardees: Include Chandra Shekhar Sain (Sculpture), Gopal Chandra Naskar (Painting), Pankaj Kumar Sharma (Drawing), and Pritam Madhukar Deuskar (Printmaking), among others.

Jharkhand’s ‘Mandar’ Gets Geographical Indication Tag
In September 2026, the traditional folk musical instrument “Mandar” of Jharkhand was granted a Geographical Indication (GI) tag by the Geographical Indications Registry, Chennai, recognising its distinct geographical and cultural identity.

•  The GI application (Application No. 777) was filed on 24 September 2021 by Raidih Mandar Producer Company Limited (Gumla, Jharkhand).

Highlights of ‘Mandar’ Gets GI Tag:
Recognition:  The GI tag was granted to ‘Mandar of Jharkhand’ based on its distinctive construction, traditional manufacturing techniques, acoustic qualities and strong cultural association with Jharkhand, following the final hearing held in January 2025 (Delhi).
Culture: Mandar is an integral part of Jharkhand’s tribal and folk culture, especially associated with the Oraon tribe, and is widely used in music, dance, festivals and community life in the Chotanagpur region.
Craftsmanship:  The instrument is traditionally made using locally sourced red clay, animal skin and indigenous techniques, which give it a unique sound and identity.

APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

Former TV Anchor Edward Rukidi Kijanangoma Crowned King of Tooro Kingdom in Uganda
In September 2026, former television news anchor Edward Rukidi Kijanangoma was crowned as the 13th King (Omukama) of the Tooro Kingdom in Uganda at the Karuziika Palace in Fort Portal, ending a succession dispute.

• The coronation followed the death of King Oyo Nyimba Kabamba Iguru Rukidi IV on 27 August 2026.

About the Appointment:
Selection:  He was chosen by a 21-member committee of the Babiito clan and is the cousin of the late king, reflecting traditional lineage-based selection, even as Queen Best Kemigisa and Princess Ruth Komuntale contested the succession.
Coronation:  He adopted the regnal name Edward Rukidi Nyabongo I during a traditional ceremony held at Karuziika Palace, Fort Portal, which included rituals such as a mock battle for the crown, animal sacrifices, and cultural performances.

IMPORTANT DAYS

International Deaf Day 2026- September 27
The International Day of the Deaf is observed annually on the last Sunday of September to support the global deaf community, raise awareness of the challenges faced by deaf people, and promote their rights, inclusion and equal participation in society.

• In 2026, the day was observed on 27 September, while in 2025 it was observed on 28 September.
• The observance falls during the International Week of Deaf People, held from 21 to 27 September 2026, and is closely associated with the International Day of Sign Languages(23 September).

Background:
Origin: The World Federation of the Deaf (WFD) was established in 1951 to promote the rights, equality and well-being of deaf people worldwide.
First Observance: World Deaf Day was first observed in 1958.
Significance: The observance promotes awareness of deaf culture, advocates for equal rights, and highlights the importance of access to sign language, education, communication and other essential services.
Deaf Flag: The Deaf Flag, designed by deafblind artist Arnaud Balard, serves as a global symbol of the deaf community. Its colours represent deaf identity, life and humanity.
WFD: It was established in 1951 and headquartered in Helsinki, Finland, is headed by President Joseph Murray.

International Day for Universal Access to Information 2026 – September 28
The United Nations (UN) observes the International Day for Universal Access to Information (IDUAI) annually on 28 September to promote the right to access information and strengthen the implementation of access-to-information laws and policies.

• 28 September 2026 marks the 7th UN observance of IDUAI.
• 2026 Theme: “Upholding Information Integrity in the Digital Age: The role of access to Information in addressing Information Disorder”

Background:
Adoption: In 2015, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) General Conference adopted Resolution 38 C/57, proclaiming 28 September as IDUAI.

• Since 2016, UNESCO has marked the day through a Global Conference and national-level events worldwide.

Recognition: On 15 October 2019, the UN General Assembly adopted Resolution A/RES/74/5, formally recognising 28 September as IDUAI.
First UN Observance: The first official UN observance was held on 28 September 2020.
2026 Event: UNESCO, in collaboration with the Government of Sierra Leone, organised the global conference marking the IDUAI 2026 on 28 September 2026 at the Julius Maada Bio International Conference Centre, Lungi, Freetown, Sierra Leone.

International Day of Awareness of Food Loss and Waste 2026 – 29 September
The International Day of Awareness of Food Loss and Waste (IDAFLW) is observed annually on 29 September to highlight the urgency of reducing food loss and waste (FLW) globally.

• 29 September 2026 marks the 7th observance of IDAFLW.
• 2026 Theme: “Transformative Potential of Reducing Food Loss and Waste”

Background:
Adoption: The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) adopted the day on 19 December 2019 through resolution A/RES/74/209, recognising the importance of reducing food loss and waste.
First Observance:  The first IDAFLW was observed on 29 September 2020.

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