Current Affairs 1 & 2 May 2025

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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

MoA&FW Issued Guidelines for Setting up BRCs under NMNF
In April 2025, the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare (MoA&FW) issued comprehensive guidelines for establishing Bio-Input Resource Centres (BRCs) under the National Mission on Natural Farming (NMNF). 

• The initiative is aimed at promoting chemical-free natural farming by enabling cluster-level enterprises to support the local production and distribution of natural farming inputs.

i.Entrepreneur Eligibility: Only individuals or groups currently practising natural farming, or willing to adopt it immediately, are eligible to operate BRCs.
ii.Fallback Provision: If no eligible practitioner is available, the State Natural Farming Cell will nominate a farmer to begin practising natural farming from the next crop cycle.
iii.A financial assistance of Rs 1 lakh will be provided for each BRC, disbursed in two equal tranches of Rs 50,000.
About Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare (MoA&FW):
Union Minister- Shivraj Singh Chouhan (Constituency- Madhya Pradesh, MP)
Minister of State (MoS)– Ram Nath Thakur (Rajya Sabha- Bihar);
Bhagirath Choudhary (Constituency- Ajmer, Rajasthan)
>> Read Full News

Maharashtra, Gujarat & Karnataka lead 2025 CareEdge state rankingsIn April 2025, Mumbai(Maharashtra) based CareEdge Ratings (formerly CARE Ratings Ltd) released its second edition of it’s state rankings, Maharashtra has emerged as the best in overall composite rankings with a score of 56.5, followed by Gujarat(52.4) and Karnataka(51.9).
i.This is a quantitative assessment of states’ potential in terms of sustainable and equitable growth and is also a reflection of the investment attractiveness of these states. The first edition of the report was released in 2023.
ii.It evaluates Indian states across 7 pillars: Economic, Fiscal, Infrastructure, Financial Development, Social, Governance and Environment – together capturing 50 indicators.
ii.Western and southern states dominated the top five rankings. Western states ranked high on fiscal and economic parameters, while southern states stood out across governance, environment and social outcomes.

• Goa topped the ranking in the North-East, Hilly & Small states (Group B) category.

About CareEdge Ratings:
Chairman – Najib Shah
Headquarters – Mumbai, Maharashtra
Established – 1993
>> Read Full News

Ghaziabad Raises Rs.150 Crore via India’s First Certified Green Municipal Bond for TSTP
In April 2025, under the Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban (SBM-U), Ghaziabad Nagar Nigam (GNN) (Ghaziabad Municipal Corporation) in Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh (UP) has raised Rs.150 crore through India’s first certified Green Municipal Bond(GMB).

• The funds are allocated for constructing a 40 Million Liters per Day(MLD) Tertiary Sewage Treatment Plant (TSTP) in Indirapuram, Ghaziabad.
• ​The bonds were issued with an annual coupon rate of 8.1% and are listed on the BSE (formerly Bombay Stock Exchange) Bond platform.

Note: A Green Municipal Bond (GMB) is a fixed-income financial instrument issued by municipal entities such as city or local governments to raise capital specifically for financing projects that deliver environmental benefits.
Financial Details:
i.Green Bond Issuance: The Rs. 150 crore bond is supported by the Government of India (GoI) and the Government of UP.
ii.Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Model: The TSTP was developed under the Hybrid Annuity Model (HAM), with 40% funding from the municipality and 60% from private partners, ensuring fiscal discipline.
About TSTP:
i.The project aims to reduce groundwater extraction by providing treated wastewater for industrial use, thereby conserving water resources.
ii.The foundation stone of the project was laid in January 2022 by Yogi Adityanath, Chief Minister (CM) of UP. The total estimated cost of the project is around Rs. 320 crores, out of which the GNN successfully raised Rs. 150 crores through the issuance of India’s first Certified Green Municipal Bond.
Features:
i.Advanced Filtration: Uses membrane technologies like microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and Reverse Osmosis (RO) to treat wastewater to reusable standards.
ii.Infrastructure: A 95 kilometers (km) pipeline network delivers treated water to 1,400+ industrial units, reducing freshwater dependency.
iii.Capacity: Treats 40 MLD of sewage, with contracts to supply 9.5 MLD to 800+ industries.
Note: Ghaziabad was honored with the Best Municipal Treated Water Reuse Award at the 19th Water Digest World Water Awards 2024-25.
About Uttar Pradesh (UP):
Chief Minister (CM) – Yogi Adityanath
Governor – Anandiben Patel
Capital – Lucknow
Ramsar Sites – Saman Bird Sanctuary, Bakhira Sanctuary

PM Narendra Modi addresses YUGM Innovation conclave in New Delhi
On April 29, 2025, Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi addressed the ‘YUGM: Uniting Academia, Industry, and Innovators for Viksit Bharat’ Innovation conclave at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi, Delhi.

• The event, organized by the Ministry of Education(MoE) in collaboration with the Wadhwani Foundation, brought together leaders from government, academia, and industry to foster innovation and technological advancement in India.

During the conclave Several key initiatives are launched including,
i.The establishment of Superhubs at Indian Institute of Technology(IIT) Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh(UP) focused on Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Intelligent Systems, and at IIT Bombay, Mumbai(Maharashtra), specializing in Biosciences, Biotechnology, Health, and Medicine.
ii.Additionally, Wadhwani Innovation Network (WIN) Centers will be set up at leading research institutions to accelerate research commercialization.
iii.Anusandhan National Research Foundation (ANRF) and the Wadhwani Foundation exchanged the Letter of Intent (LoE) to co-funding and scaling up research that can drive tangible societal impact.
>> Read Full News

MP Becomes 1st state in India to Launch AI-Based Real-Time Forest Alert System 
On April 29, 2025, Madhya Pradesh (MP) became the first state in India to implement an Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based Real-Time Forest Alert System to monitor forest encroachments and tree felling.

• The pilot project is launched in 5 districts of MP, namely Shivpuri, Guna, Vidisha, Burhanpur, and Khandwa, and will expand statewide from 7th June 2025.

i.The system utilizes satellite imagery, machine learning, and field feedback to detect changes within forest areas as small as 10×10 meters (m).
ii.It integrates satellite data from Google Earth Engine, AI algorithms, and ground feedback into a unified platform.
iii.It can identify activities such as crop sowing, construction, and land-use changes.
iv.Upon detection, immediate alerts are sent to the Divisional Forest Officer (DFO), who then directs beat guards for on-site verification.
v.The system was conceptualized and coded by Akshay Rathore, DFO of Guna, an alumnus of the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee (Uttarakhand) and supported by Aseem Shrivastava, the Head of Forest Force (HoFF), Indian Forest Service (IFS) and S. Annigeri, Additional Principal Chief Conservator of Forest (APCCF- IT) in MP

MoL&E and Rapido Signed MoU to Enhance Employment via NCS Portal
In April 2025, the Ministry of Labour & Employment (MoL&E) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Bengaluru (Karnataka)-based Rapido Private Limited, a prominent ride-hailing service provider, to enhance employment opportunities in the logistics sector through the National Career Service (NCS) portal in New Delhi, Delhi.

• The MoU was signed in the presence of the Union Minister Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya, MoL&E and the Minister of State (MoS) Sushri Shobha Karandlaje, MoL&E.

Key Features of the MoU:
i.Job Listings: Rapido will post 50 lakh verified opportunities for roles like bike taxi, auto, and cab drivers on the NCS portal over 1-2 years.
ii.Integration with NCS: The collaboration facilitates the posting of verified job opportunities for bike taxi, auto, and cab drivers on the NCS portal, ensuring real-time updates and seamless application tracking through Application Programming Interfaces (API)-based integration.
iii.Inclusive Hiring: Focus on youth, women, and individuals seeking flexible work.
iv.Digital Empowerment: Structured onboarding and awareness programs for worker welfare schemes.
Note: Rapido has recently launched the ‘Pink Rapido’ initiative, focusing on creating employment opportunities for women.

BANKING & FINANCE

RBI Launches IESH, UCCS & RCCS Surveys to Aid Monetary Policy DecisionsOn April 29, 2025, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) initiated three significant surveys aimed at gathering valuable insights to guide its monetary policy decisions.

• These surveys are designed to assess inflation expectations and consumer confidence across urban and rural populations in India.

Details of the Surveys:
1.Inflation Expectations Survey of Households (IESH):
Objective: To capture households’ subjective assessments of price movements and inflation based on their individual consumption patterns.
Coverage: Conducted across 19 cities in India.
Purpose: The findings will help the RBI understand public expectations of inflation, which is crucial for setting interest rates and other monetary policies.
2.Urban Consumer Confidence Survey (UCCS):
Objective: To collect qualitative responses from urban households regarding their sentiments on the general economic situation, employment scenario, price levels, and their own income and spending.
Coverage: Conducted across 19 cities in India.
Purpose: This survey provides insights into the confidence levels of urban consumers, which can influence consumption patterns and economic growth.
3.Rural Consumer Confidence Survey (RCCS):
Objective: To gather current perceptions and one-year-ahead expectations of rural and semi-urban households on the general economic situation, employment scenario, overall price situation, and their income and spending.
Coverage: Spanning 31 states and Union Territories (UTs).
Purpose: Understanding rural consumer confidence is vital, given the significant contribution of the rural economy to India’s overall economic health.
Note: In April 2025, during the RBI’s 1st Bi-monthly monetary policy for Financial Year 2025-26 (FY26), the repo rate was reduced by 25 basis points to 6.00%.
About Reserve Bank of India (RBI):
Governor – Sanjay Malhotra
Deputy Governors – M. Rajeshwar Rao, Swaminathan Janakiraman, T. Rabi Sankar, and Poonam Gupta
Headquarters – Mumbai (Maharashtra)
Established – 1935

DoP partners with SBI Mutual Fund to simplify Onboarding of MF InvestorsOn 29 April 2025, the Department of Posts (DoP) also known as India Post, Ministry of Communications (MoC) has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with SBI Funds Management Limited (SBIFM), a joint venture between State Bank of India (SBI) and French-based AMUNDI Asset Management company (AAMC), to simplify the customer on-boarding process for Mutual Fund(MF) investors.

• The MoU was officially signed between Manisha Bansal Badal, Business Development Directorate (BDD), DoP and Munish Sabharwal, Senior Vice President, SBIFM at a ceremony held at Dak Bhawan, New Delhi, Delhi.

i.The initiative aims to streamline the Know Your Customer (KYC) process, ensure convenience, security and regulatory compliance for investors across India.
ii.Union Minister Jyotiraditya Scindia, MoC and Ministry of development of Northeastern Region(MDoNER) has launched ‘Gyan Post’, a new service to make the delivery of educational, social, cultural and religious books more affordable across India.
About Ministry of Communications (MoC):
Union Minister – Jyotiraditya Scindia (Constituency -Guna, Madhya Pradesh, MP)
Minister of State (MoS) – Chandra Sekhar Pemmasani (Constituency -Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, AP)
>> Read Full News

Bajaj Allianz Launched Parametric Insurance Product ‘ClimateSafe’ for Climate-Related Risks
On 29th April 2025, Pune (Maharashtra) based Bajaj Allianz General Insurance Company Limited, a joint venture between Bajaj Finserv Limited (Pune) and Germany-based Allianz SE, launched ‘ClimateSafe’, a first-of-its-kind parametric climate risk insurance product in India.

• The product is designed to offer quick financial relief to individuals affected by climate change-related weather events such as extreme heat, cold waves, or excessive rainfall.
• It will provide financial support of up to Rs 6,000 per worker if the daily Air Quality Index (AQI) exceeds 400 beyond two strikes.

Note: A strike is defined as occurring when the AQI crosses 400 for at least three out of the previous five days.
Key Features of ClimateSafe:
i.Parametric Insurance Model:

• Automatic payouts are triggered when predefined weather thresholds (e.g., temperature or rainfall levels) are breached, as measured by the India Meteorological Department (IMD).
• No manual claims: Settlements occur within 7 days without customer intervention.

ii.Coverage:

• Compensates for income loss (e.g., daily wage workers, gig workers) and additional expenses (e.g., higher electricity bills, commute costs).
• Protects against supply chain delays, event cancellations, and damage to household items due to floods/heatwaves.

iii.Flexibility:

• Customers can customize risk location, risk period (1–30 days), sum insured, and weather triggers (excessive rainfall, high/low temperature).
• Dynamic pricing based on real-time climate data.

ECONOMY & BUSINESS

IMF Report 2025: USA Retains as Largest economies in the world; India at 4thThe United States of America(USA) retains its position as the largest economy in the world with a Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of USD 30.51 trillion, followed by China(USD 19.53 trillion) and Germany (USD 4.92 trillion) in Washington, D.C., the United States of America(USA) based International Monetary Fund (IMF’s) ‘April 2025 World Economic Outlook(WEO)’,

• India is the fourth largest economy in the world with a Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of USD 4.39 trillion. India is expected to overtake both Germany and Japan by the year 2030, provided the current economic growth trajectory remains consistent.

i.The IMF also forecasts India to be the fastest-growing major economy over the next two years, maintaining a significant advantage over both global and regional competitors.
ii.The report highlighted that the ongoing trade conflict has the potential to further weaken global economic growth prospects and negatively impact the international financial system.
>> Read Full News

APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

Kamla Persad-Bissessar Elected as PM of Trinidad and Tobago
In April 2025, Kamla Susheila Persad-Bissessar (commonly referred to as KPB), leader of the United National Congress (UNC), was elected as the 9th Prime Minister (PM) of Trinidad and Tobago for five years, marking her second term in office from April 30, 2025.

• She returned to power after a decisive victory in the general elections held on April 28, 2025, where the UNC, in alliance with the Coalition of Interests (CoI), secured 26 out of 41 seats in the House of Representatives comfortably crossing the 21-seat majority mark.
• She succeeded the incumbent PM, Stuart Richard Young of the People’s National Movement (PNM), who served from March 17, 2025, to April 29, 2025.

About Kamla Susheila Persad-Bissessar:
i.Kamla Persad-Bissessar, born to Indian descendants, is a renowned lawyer and politician from Trinidad and Tobago.
ii.She was the first woman to hold the roles of PM, Attorney General, and Opposition Leader in Trinidad and Tobago. She was also the first female Chairperson-in-Office of the Commonwealth of Nations.
iii.Her political career includes serving as Attorney General in 1995 and 2001, and Leader of the Opposition from 2006. In 2010, she became the political leader of the UNC.

• She served as the 6th PM of Trinidad and Tobago from May 26, 2010, to September 9, 2015, and remains the nation’s first and only female PM.

iv.In 2011, Time magazine named her the 13th most influential female leader globally.
v.In 2012, the Government of India (GoI) honoured her with the Pravasi Bharatiya Samman (Overseas Indian Award), the highest Indian award for Overseas Indians, for her contributions to public service.
About Trinidad and Tobago:
President – Christine Carla Kangaloo
Prime Minister (PM) – Kamla Susheila Persad-Bissessar
Capital – Port of Spain
Currency – Trinidad and Tobago Dollar (TTD)

Mark Carney elected as Canada’s New Prime Minister
On April 28, 2025, The Liberal Party, led by Canada Prime Minister (PM), Mark Carney won Canada’s federal election against Pierre Poilievre, leader of the Conservative Party.

• Mark Carney, sworn in as the first unelected PM of Canada in March 2025 after the resignation of former PM Justin Trudeau.
• He was the 24th Prime Minister of Canada.
• The Liberal Party is elected to power for the fourth consecutive time.

About Mark Carney:

• He was born on March 16, 1965, near the Arctic in Fort Smith, located in Canada’s North-west territories.
• Mark embarked on his banking career with Goldman Sachs (1995 – 2003) and later joined public service.
• He worked as Deputy Governor of the Bank of Canada between 2003 and 2004, and further as senior associate deputy minister of finance.
• He worked as governor of the Bank of Canda between 2008 and 2013.
• Mark Carney became the first non-British governor of Bank of England (2013-2020), making the first person to have headed the central banks of two G7 economies (Canada & England)
• He was appointed as the United Nation Special Envoy for Climate Action and Finance in 2019
• He gained recognition as an economist during the 2008 financial crisis, when he helped Canada overcome the crisis.

About Canada:
Prime Minister – Mark Carney
Capital – Ottawa
Currency – Canadian Dollar

RBI Approves Interim “Committee of Executives” for IndusInd Bank Amid Leadership Transition
In April 2025, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) approved the formation of an interim “Committee of Executives” to oversee operations at Mumbai (Maharashtra) based IndusInd Bank Limited, for up to three months or until a new Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is appointed, following the resignation of the bank’s Managing Director (MD) and CEO Sumant Kathpalia.

• The decision comes in the wake of significant accounting discrepancies related to the bank’s derivatives portfolio.

Key Details of the Interim Committee:
i.Composition: The newly formed leadership committee will include Soumitra Sen, currently Head of Consumer Banking at IndusInd Bank, and Anil Rao, Chief Administrative Officer (CAO) at IndusInd Bank.
ii.Oversight Structure: The committee will operate under an Oversight Committee of the Board, chaired by Sunil Mehta, the Chairman of the Board, IndusInd Bank and including heads of the Audit Committee, Compensation and Nomination & Remuneration Committee, and Risk Management Committee.
iii.The Oversight Committee will oversee the bank’s operations to ensure stability, after internal audits uncovered significant accounting mistakes, including a Rs 1,959.98 crore discrepancy in the profit and loss statement caused by improper handling of internal derivative trades.
Background of Leadership Changes:
i.On April 28, 2025, IndusInd Bank’s Deputy CEO and Whole-time Director, Arun Khurana, resigned following the discovery of accounting discrepancies in the bank’s derivatives portfolio.
ii.IndusInd Bank’s CEO Sumant Kathpalia also tendered his resignation, taking moral responsibility for the lapses.
iii.These discrepancies were identified by an external agency’s investigation, which reported a cumulative adverse impact of Rs. 1,959.98 crore on the bank’s Profit and Loss (P&L) account as of March 31, 2025.
About IndusInd Bank Limited:
Headquarters – Mumbai, Maharashtra
Established – 1994
Tagline – We make you feel richer

Indian Armed Forces Leadership Reshuffle: Tiwari, Dixit & Sharma Appointed to Top PositionsIn April 2025, the Indian Armed Forces underwent significant leadership changes across the Indian Air Force (IAF), the Integrated Defence Staff (IDS), and the Indian Army’s Northern Command. These changes will be effective from 1st May, 2025
1.Indian Air Force (IAF):
New Vice Chief: Air Marshal Narmadeshwar Tiwari assumed the role of 49th Vice Chief of the Air Staff (VCAS) on 1st May 2025, succeeding Air Marshal Sujeet Pushpakar Dharkar, who retired on 30th April 2025 after a 40-year career.
Previous Role: Air Marshal Tiwari served as the Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief (AOC-in-C) of the South Western Air Command (SWAC) in Gandhinagar, Gujarat.
Awards of Narmdeshwar Tiwari: In 2025, he was honoured with Param Vishisht Seva Medal (Highest peacetime medal of Indian Armed Forces). Earlier, he received the Ati Vishisht Seva Medal (2022) and Vayu Sena Medal (2008).
2.Integrated Defence Staff (IDS):
New Chief: Air Marshal Ashutosh Dixit took over as the Chief of Integrated Defence Staff to the Chairman Chiefs of Staff Committee (CISC), on 1st May 2025, replacing Lieutenant General Johnson P Matthew, who retired on April 30, 2025.
Previous Role: Air Marshal Dixit served as AOC-in-C of Central Air Command in Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh (UP).
Awards of Ashutosh Dixit: He was awarded with Ati Vishisht Seva Medal (2023), Vayu Sena Medal (2006), and Vishisht Seva Medal (2011)
3.Indian Army – Northern Command:
New Commander: Lieutenant General Pratik Sharma was appointed as the General Officer Commanding-in-Chief (GOC-in-C) of the Northern Command in Udhampur, Jammu and Kashmir (J&K). He succeeded Lieutenant General MV Suchendra Kumar, who retired on April 30, 2025.
Previous Role: Lt Gen Sharma previously served as Deputy Chief of Army Staff (Strategy) and Director General of Military Operations (DGMO)
Awards of Pratik Sharma:  He was awarded Param Vishisht Seva Medal in 2025.
About Indian Air Force (IAF):
Chief of the Air Staff (CAS) – Air Chief Marshal Amar Preet Singh
Headquarters – New Delhi, Delhi
Established – 1932

SPORTS

RR’s Vaibhav Suryavanshi became the youngest player to score IPL CenturyIn April 2025, Rajasthan Royals’ (RR’s) Vaibhav Suryavanshi (14 year old) has became the youngest player to score century (100 runs) in the Indian Premier League (IPL) history, reaching the mark in just 35 balls against Gujarat Titans (GT) during IPL 2025 at Sawai Mansingh Stadium, Jaipur, Rajasthan.

• He surpassed the previous record held by RR’s Riyan Parag (17 years, 175 days), and RR’s Sanju Samson ranks third on the list (18 years, 169 days).

Remarkable Achievements of Vaibhav Suryavanshi:
i.Youngest Centurion in T20 History: At 14 years and 32 days, he broke the record for the youngest player to score a (Twenty20) T20 century, surpassing Manish Pandey (19 years, 253 days in 2009).
ii.Fastest IPL Century by an Indian: His 35-ball hundred eclipsed Yusuf Pathan’s 37-ball ton (2010) and is now the second-fastest in IPL history after Chris Gayle’s 30-ball century (2013).
iii.Record-Breaking Strike Rate: Suryavanshi’s 101 runs off 38 balls came at a strike rate of 265.79, with 11 sixes (joint-most by an Indian in an IPL innings) and 7 fours.
iv.Highest Boundary Percentage in an IPL Century: 94% of his runs (94/101) came via boundaries.

Cricket Retained and MMA to Debut in 2026 Asian Games
In April 2025, the Kuwait City (Kuwait) based Olympic Council of Asia (OCA) and Japan-based Aichi-Nagoya Asian Games Organizing Committee (AINAGOC), officially confirmed the inclusion of Cricket and Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) in the 2026 Asian Games, during the 41st AINAGOC Board meeting at Nagoya City Hall, Japan.

• The event is scheduled to be held from September 19 to October 4, 2026, in Aichi-Nagoya, Japan.

Key Detail of the Event:
i.Cricket’s Inclusion: Cricket will return for its fourth appearance at the Asian Games, having been featured in 2010, 2014, and 2022. It will be played in the Twenty20 International (T20I) format in Aichi Prefecture.
ii.MMA’s Debut: MMA, a full-contact combat sport blending various martial arts techniques, will debut at the Asian Games with six medal events. It will be classified under combat sports, alongside kurash and jujitsu.
iii.Global Momentum: Cricket’s inclusion aligns with its return to the 2028 Los Angeles Olympics after a 128-year hiatus.
iv.Regional Impact: Strengthens South Asian rivalries; boosts India’s medal prospects in MMA with athletes like Anshul Jubli and Pooja Tomar.

IMPORTANT DAYS

Ayushman Bharat Diwas 2025 – April 30Ayushman Bharat Diwas is annually observed across India on 30th April as part of Gram Swaraj Abhiyan to raise awareness about the objectives of Ayushman Bharat, a flagship scheme of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), Government of India(GoI).

• The objective of this day is to raise awareness about the significance of maintaining good health and to inform citizens about the benefits available under the government’s free healthcare initiatives.

About Ayushman Bharat scheme:
i.Ayushman Bharat was launched as recommended by the National Health Policy 2017, to achieve the mission of Universal Health Coverage (UHC).
ii.Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi launched the scheme in Ranchi, Jharkhand on 23rd September 2018.
iii.The scheme consists of two interrelated components:

• Health and Wellness Centres (HWCs)
• Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY)

>> Read Full News

International Jazz Day 2025- April 30The United Nations (UN)’s International Jazz Day is observed annually on 30 April to highlight the role of jazz in uniting people worldwide.
Background:
i.In November 2011 the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) General Conference proclaimed 30 April as “International Jazz Day”.
ii. The inaugural celebration took place on 30 April 2012.​
2025 Events:
i.The 2025 edition of International Jazz Day, organized by UNESCO and Washington, D.C. (United States of America, USA) based Herbie Hancock Institute of Jazz, was celebrated on 30 April 2025 in more than 190 countries.
ii.The Global Host City for this year’s celebration is Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates(UAE), recognized as a UNESCO Creative City of Music. ​
>> Read Full News

World Immunization Week 2025 – 24 to 30 AprilWorld Immunization Week (WIW) was observed annually across the globe in the last week of April, led by the World Health Organization (WHO) to raise awareness about the critical role of vaccines in preventing diseases and saving lives.

• World Immunization Week 2025 was observed from April 24 to 30, 2025.
• The theme for WIW 2025 is “Immunization for All is Humanly Possible.”
• Union Minister Jagat Prakash Nadda, Minister of Health and Family Welfare (MoH&FW), virtually launched the National Zero Measles-Rubella Elimination Campaign 2025-26 to eliminate measles and rubella by 2026 through intensified vaccination efforts.

Background:
i.Initiated in 2003 in the Region of the Americas, WIW expanded to all six WHO regions by 2012, engaging over 180 countries, territories, and areas.
ii.In May 2012, the 65th World Health Assembly (WHA) adopted resolution WHA65.18, urging Member States to designate the last week of April as WIW.
>> Read Full News

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