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Polygamy includes both polygyny and polyandry. The Koran categorically prohibits polyandry and therefore, it is polygyny that the Supreme Court will be ruling on in the present case.
Polygyny, which finds mention just once (4:3) in the Koran, is one of the most misunderstood concepts of Islamic law. It has been abused over the (1) by Muslim men without appreciating the spirit behind its exceptional (2) , which is clearly contextualised in the historical conditions of the time when a large number of women were widowed and children orphaned as Muslims suffered heavy casualties in (3) the nascent Islamic community in Medina. Even a simple reading of verses 4:2, 3 and 127 will show that it was under such circumstances that the Koran allowed conditional polygyny, mainly to protect orphans and their mothers from an exploitative society.
Verse 4:2 warns (4) against devouring the assets of orphans either by merging them with their own or substituting their “(5) properties for the good ones” of the orphans. And, if the caretakers “fear that they may not be able to do justice” to the interests of the orphans in (6) , the next verse allows them to marry their widowed mothers — on the condition that the new family would be dealt justly on a par with the existing one. For those who are not up to it, the instruction of the Koran is: “Then [marry] only one.”
It is clear from these arguments that verse 4:3 is not a (7) licence to marry several women. Besides, there are several statements in the Koran which describe husband and wife as “spousal mates” created to find “quiet of mind” (7:189) and “to dwell in (8) ” (30:21) in the companionship of each other. Indeed, verse 7:189, which traces the origin of man from a single cell (nafsan waahida), talks of the wife in the singular as zaujaha, thereby emphasising monogamy. Thus, marriage according to the Koran is the emotional bonding of two minds which cannot be achieved simultaneously with more than one woman.If despite this, the Koran permitted conditional polygyny, it was, as (9) above, only as a social remedy to alleviate the sufferings of women and orphans in calamitous situations. This can be appreciated from the dreadful state of affairs in West Asia today. In November 2011 The New York Times, citing Iraqi government sources, reported the presence in that country of one million war widows — and at least an equal number of orphaned children — who want to remarry for security and (10) ; but there aren’t enough men.
- 1) centuries
2) years
3) times
4) days
5) writingsAnswer – 1)
Explanation : centuries - 1) veto
2) refusal
3) isapproval
4) prevention
5) sanctionAnswer – 5)
Explanation : sanction - 1) assail
2) attacking
3) defending
4) beseting
5) abusingAnswer – 3)
Explanation : defending - 1) diurnal
2) permanent
3) continual
4) caretakers
5) continualAnswer – 4)
Explanation : caretakers - 1) valuable
2) revival
3) worthless
4) worthwhile
5) worthyAnswer – 3)
Explanation : worthless - 1) cognizance
2) intelligence
3) enlightening
4) isolation
5) sensibilityAnswer – 4)
Explanation : isolation - 1) crumbly
2) hedonistic
3) austere
4) frugal
5) brittleAnswer – 2)
Explanation : hedonistic - 1) tranquility
2) chaos
3) disturbance
4) turbulence
5) wildnessAnswer – 1)
Explanation : tranquility - 1) hindmost
2) stated
3) afterwards
4) sub sequential
5) succeedingAnswer – 2)
Explanation : stated - 1) companionship
2) eccentricity
3) antagonism
4) crankiness
5) strangenessAnswer – 1)
Explanation : companionship
