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Current Affairs 27 November 2025

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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Overview of PM Narendra Modi’s visit to Kurukshetra, Haryana on 25th November, 2025On 25th November 2025, the Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi visited Kurukshetra, Haryana and participated in two major events – the International Gita Mahotsav 2025 and the state-level commemoration of the 350th martyrdom anniversary of Guru Tegh Bahadur.
Highlights of PM Narendra Modi’s Visit:
Inauguration of ‘Panchjanya: PM Narendra Modi inaugurated the ‘Panchjanya’ exhibit at the Mahabharata Experience Centre in Kurukshetra,  built to honour the sacred conch of Lord Krishna.
Anubhav Kendra: He visited the Mahabharata Anubhav Kendra, an immersive experiential centre developed under the Ministry of Tourism(MoT’s) ‘Swadesh Darshan’ scheme.
Brahma Sarovar: He also performed Darshan and Pooja at Brahma Sarovar, one of India’s most sacred pilgrimage sites.
350th Shaheedi Diwas of Guru Tegh Bahadur: PM Narendra Modi participated in and addressed a special programme commemorating the 350th Shaheedi Diwas of Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth Sikh Guru, in Kurukshetra.

  • To honour the 350th Shaheedi Diwas of Guru Tegh Bahadur, the Government of India (GoI) is observing a year-long commemoration.
  • During the programme, PM Narendra Modi released a Rs.350 commemorative coin and Rs.5 stamp to mark the 350th Shaheedi Diwas of Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur.

>>Read Full News

India’s Horticulture Output Rises 4% to 369.05 MT in 2024-25: MoAFWIn November 2025, the Ministry of Agriculture and Family Welfare (MoAFW) released the third advance estimates of India’s horticulture production for 2024-25, reporting a 4%(or 14.31 million tonne, MT) increase to 369.05 million tonnes (MT), up from 354.74 MT in 2023‑24.
Key Highlights:
Area covered: The horticultural crops, i.e. fruits and vegetables are estimated to have been covered in an area of 29.48 million hectare (mn ha) in 2024-25 crop year (July-June), marginally higher than 29.08 mn ha in the previous year.
Foodgrain Production: India’s total foodgrain production for 2024‑25 is estimated at a record 357.732 MT, marking a significant milestone in agricultural output.
Pulses Production: India’s total pulses production for 2024‑25 is estimated at 256.83 lakh tonnes, driven by strong output across key varieties.
Fruit Production: Fruit production is estimated to have increased by 5.12% (5.78 MT), reaching a total of 118.76 MT in 2024‑25.
Vegetable Production: The production of vegetables is estimated to have increased by 4.09% (8.47 MT) to touch 215.68 MT on higher production of onion and potatoes among others.
Oilseed Production : Total oilseed output for 2024‑25 is estimated at a record 429.89 lakh tonnes, up 33.20 lakh tonnes from 396.69 lakh tonnes in 2023‑24.
>>Read Full News

India-Nepal Joint Military ExerciseSurya Kiran XIX’ Begins in Pithoragarh, UttarakhandOn 25 November 2025, the Indian Army (IA) and Nepal Army (NA) commenced the 19th edition of the India–Nepal joint military exercise ‘Surya Kiran 2025’ in Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand.

  • The exercise, which will continue until 8 December 2025, aims to enhance counter-terrorism capabilities, jungle and mountain warfare skills, and operational interoperability between the two forces.

Exam Hints:

  • What? Joint Military exercise between India and Nepal
  • Exercise Name? Surya Kiran
  • Edition? 19th edition
  • Duration? 25 November 2025 to 8 December 2025
  • Host Country? India
  • Held at? Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand
  • Focus Areas? Counter-Terrorism, Jungle Warfare, High-Altitude Operations

Background:
Exercise: The exercise is an annual military exercise conducted between India and Nepal, held alternately in the two countries.
Previous Exercise: The 18th edition of the Indo-Nepal joint military exercise ‘Surya Kiran’ took place in January 2025 at Saljhandi, Nepal.
About ‘Surya Kiran XIX’ :
Objective :The exercise aims to jointly rehearse sub-conventional operations under Chapter VII of the United Nations(UN) mandate.
Scope: Its scope includes strengthening battalion-level coordination in jungle warfare, counter-terrorism operations in mountainous terrain, Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR), medical response, environmental conservation, and integrated ground–aviation operations.
Focus:This year exercise will emphasize the integration of niche and emerging technologies, including Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS), drone-based Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR), Artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled decision support tools, unmanned logistic vehicles, and armoured protection platforms.
Participants: The Indian contingent, comprising 334 personnel, is primarily drawn from the Assam Regiment.

  • The Nepalese contingent, also consisting of 334 personnel, is mainly represented by troops from the Devi Datta Regiment.

Joint Training and Cooperation: Both armies will exchange views and conduct joint drills across a range of combat skills, allowing mutual learning and the sharing of best practices to further strengthen defence cooperation between IA and NA.
Significance: It strengthens training, doctrine sharing and Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) between the two armies.

  • It demonstrates mutual commitment to stability, confidence building and shared border security.

About Nepal:
President- Ram Chandra Poudel
Prime Minister(PM) – Sushila Karki
Capital-Kathmandu
Currency-Nepalese Rupee (NPR)

BEL and Safran Signed JVCA to Manufacture HAMMER Precision-Guided Weapon in IndiaIn November 2025, Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL), a Navratna defence public sector undertaking (PSU), and France-based Safran Electronics and Defence (SED) signed a Joint Venture Cooperation Agreement (JVCA) in New Delhi, Delhi, to manufacture the Highly Agile Modular Munition Extended Range (HAMMER) smart precision-guided air-to-ground weapon in India.

  • The partnership aims to enable the localized production, supply, and maintenance of HAMMER weapons for the Indian Air Force (IAF) and the Indian Navy (IN).

Exam Hints:

  • What? Joint Venture Cooperation Agreement (JVCA) signed
  • For? Manufacturing of HAMMER in India
  • Entities: Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) and Safran Electronics and Defence (SED)
  • Signatories: Manoj Jain (BEL CMD), Alexandre Ziegler (SED EVP)
  • Objective: Localise manufacturing, supply, and maintenance of HAMMER for IAF and IN.
  • JV Structure: 50:50 private limited company
  • Indigenisation Target: Up to 60%
  • Platforms Compatible: Rafale, Light Combat Aircraft (Tejas)

Signatories: The agreement was signed by Manoj Jain, BEL Chairman and Managing Director(CMD) and Alexandre Ziegler, SED Executive Vice President(EVP), in a ceremony attended by Sanjeev Kumar, Secretary (Defence Production) and Olivier Andries, Safran CEO.
About HAMMER Weapon System:
Features: Combat-proven, highly accurate, and modular in design
Compatibility: Integrates with Rafale fighter jets and Light Combat Aircraft
(LCA) Tejas
Range: Extended operational range of up to 70 kilometer (km)
Architecture: Modular with guidance kit, warhead & fuze section, and tail kit with folding fins and rocket motor
Navigation: HRG Crystal inertial navigation system (INS) with Global Positioning System (GPS) ensures accuracy even in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)-denied environments
Environment: Effective in mountainous terrain and all-weather conditions
Performance: Difficult to intercept and capable of penetrating fortified targets
About Joint Venture Cooperation Agreement (JVCA):
Ownership & Production: A 50:50 private limited company between BEL and SED with phased production transfer and progressive indigenisation up to 60%, where BEL leads final assembly, testing, and quality assurance.

  • This agreement follows a memorandum of understanding(MoU) announced between the two companies at the Aero India show on 11 February 2025.

Strategic Significance: Strengthens India’s defence industrial base, promotes Make-in-India, and enhances the operational capabilities of the IAF and IN.
About Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL):
Chairman & Managing Director (CMD) – Manoj Jain
Established – 1954
Headquarters – Bangalore, Karnataka

GoI Designates CISF as New Security Regulator for Indian Sea Ports
In November 2025, the Government of India(GoI) has designated the Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) as the new nodal safety and security regulator for nearly 250 major and minor seaports across India.

  • The notification was issued by the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways (MoPSW) and confirmed by Ajay Dahiya, Deputy Inspector General of CISF.

Exam Hints:

  • What? Designated as Security regulator for 250 seaports
  • Name of Entity: CISF
  • Role: Recognised Security Organisation (RSO) for seaports
  • Core Duties: Counter -Terrorism, anti-sabotage operations and EXIM terminal security
  • Secondary Security Duties: Given to State Police or Private companies

CISF’s Role in Seaport Security: 
Role: The CISF has been designated as a Recognised Security Organisation (RSO) for seaports, functioning as the regulator to oversee and ensure their security.
Functions: The CISF will conduct security assessments, prepare plans, and handle core security duties at seaports.
Responsibilities: CISF will handle counter-terrorism, anti-sabotage, EXIM(Export-Import) terminal security, and surveillance of critical port assets, ensuring uniform security across government and private ports.

Union Minister Prahlad Joshi Launches Biomass Pellet Plant in Rewari, Haryana
In November 2025, Union Minister Prahlad Joshi, Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), inaugurated a new 240 tons per day (TPD) biomass pellet plant and laid foundation stone for a new bio-ethanol plant in Rewari, Haryana.

Exam Hints:

  • What? Biomass Pellet Plant inauguration, laid foundation stone for bio-ethanol plant
  • Who? Union Minister Prahlad Joshi, MNRE
  • Where? In Rewari (Haryana)
  • Biomass Pellet Plant Capacity: 240 tons per day (TPD)
  • Objective: Support India’s E20 ethanol blending mission and net zero carbon goals

Biomass Pellet Plant: The plant will produce biomass pellets from agricultural residues such as paddy straw, mustard straw, and cotton stalks for co-firing in coal-based thermal power plants.

  • The plant aims to clean energy pellets, aiding pollution reduction, carbon emission cut, and rural employment generation, in alignment with India’s sustainability goals.

Bio-Ethanol Plant: The plant will convert crop residues into ethanol fuel for blending with petrol under Government of India (GOI)’s E20 mission, 20% ethanol blending in petrol.

  • The project is being developed by K2 Biofuels Private Limited, which is responsible for construction, commissioning, and operation.

India Post Releases Commemorative Postal Cover to Honour Dr. Ramdas Pai in Manipal, Karnataka
On November 25, 2025, India Post released a commemorative postal cover to honour Dr. Ramdas Madhava Pai, Chancellor, Manipal Academy of Higher Studies (MAHE), on his 90th birthday at the 33rd Convocation of MAHE in Manipal, Karnataka, for his lifelong contributions in education, healthcare, and community development.

  • Ramesh Prabhu, Superintendent of Post Offices, Udupi Division, represented India Post.

Exam Hints:

  • What? Commemorative postal cover released
  • Who? India Post
  • Honoured: Dr. Ramdas Madhava Pai
  • Where? At 33rd Convocation of MAHE, in Manipal (Karnataka)

About Dr. Ramdas Pai: He is a recipient of the Padma Bhushan, one of India’s highest civilian honors, recognizing his significant contributions to the fields of education and health in 2011.
Postal Cover: The cover features a portrait of Dr. Ramdas Pai, elements representing MAHE and its legacy and the official emblem of India Post and special cancellation mark.

  • It includes letters inscribed “Celebrating 90th Birthday of the Doyen of Education and Healthcare”.

Recognition: The initiative recognizes his contribution to building and expanding MAHE into a globally reputed institution. Under his leadership, Manipal transformed into a major educational, healthcare, and research hub.

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Overview of COP30 Summit Held from November 10 to 21, 2025, in Belem, Brazil: Part IIThe 30th session of the United Nations Climate Change Conference or 30th Conference of the Parties (COP30) to the United Nations (UN) Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) concluded with the adoption of ‘Belem Package’, in Belem, Brazil.
India’s Participation at COP30:
India’s Representation: At the COP30 summit, India was represented by:

  • Dinesh Bhatia, Indian Ambassador to Brazil, who represented India at the COP30 Leaders’ Summit on behalf of Prime Minister(PM) Narendra Modi.
  • Union Minister Bhupender Yadav, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) who led India’s official delegation to the summit.

Key Engagements: On November 17, 2025, Union Minister Bhupender Yadav addressed the High-Level Ministerial Segment on the International Big Cats Alliance (IBCA), promoting “Big Cats Landscapes” as Nature-Based Climate Solutions.
Global Big Cats Summit: During the summit, Union Minister Bhupender Yadav announced the hosting of Global Big Cats Summit in 2026 in New Delhi, Delhi.
Publication Unveiled: The Government of India(GoI) released a publication titled “One Earth, One Family, One Future: A Decade of Climate Action”, showcasing India’s climate progress, state-level actions, adaptation measures, climate finance, and roadmap to a Sustainable Bharat 2047.
India Joined TFFF : India joined as an observer of the Tropical Forests Forever Facility (TFFF) led by Brazil, enabling it to participate in discussions and track developments without fully committing money or other obligations.
Key outcome of COP30 Summit:
Belem Package Approved: COP30, involving 195 countries, adopted the Belem Package, a set of 29 decisions covering a wide range of issues such as adaptation finance, just transition, trade, gender, technology, mitigation, and implementation support.
ARISE Initiative : The Climate Investment Fund (CIF), a global climate financial institution, launched Accelerating Resilience Investments and Innovations for Sustainable Economies (ARISE) programme.
Fossil Fuel Treaty: During the summit, Cambodia became the 18th country to join Fossil Fuel Non-Proliferation Treaty.
17 Countries Joined Blue NDC Challenge: During the summit, 17 countries joined the Blue Nationally Determined Challenge (NDC) Challenge, a global initiative co-launched by Brazil and France in 2025.
2026 Host: The 31st session of the United Nations Climate Change Conference or COP31 to the UNFCCC will be hosted by Turkey in 2026.
>>Read Full News

BANKING & FINANCE

ADB Approves USD 400 Million Loan to Boost Road Connectivity in Maharashtra
In November 2025, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) approved a USD 400 million Results-Based Lending (RBL) programme to upgrade state highways and rural roads across 34 districts of Maharashtra.

Exam Hints:

  • What? USD 400 million loan approved
  • By? ADB
  • For? Maharashtra road connectivity upgrade
  • Program: Maharashtra Roads Connectivity for Inclusive Growth Program
  • Programme Type: Results-Based Lending (RBL)
  • Priority Regions: Marathwada & Vidarbha

About Initiative:
Aim: The project under the “Maharashtra Roads Connectivity for Inclusive Growth Program” aims to link rural communities with markets, logistics hubs, healthcare and education facilities, and post-harvest centres, fostering inclusive and sustainable economic growth.
Infrastructure Upgrade: The loan will support the upgradation of around 350 kilometer(km) of state highways and 2,577 km of rural roads across 34 districts, with priority given to the climate-vulnerable and economically backward regions of Marathwada and Vidarbha.
Focus: The programme prioritises building climate-resilient, low-carbon, all-weather roads, incorporating modern safety features, sustainable design standards, and stronger maintenance systems to ensure long-term durability.

  • It will also enhance road safety management through the International Road Assessment Programme (iRAP) methodology and the Safe System approach.

Approach: The RBL modality enables agencies to pool resources and work toward shared, measurable outcomes, ensuring coordinated development support and unified targets.

RBI Grants Post Facto Approval to FPI ‘1729 Capital’ for 7.14% Stake Acquisition in Suryoday SFB
In November 2025, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) granted post-facto approval to 1729 Capital, a Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) registered Foreign Portfolio Investor (FPI), for acquiring a 7.14% stake in Suryoday Small Finance Bank (SSFB), up from its 3.81% holding as of 30 September 2025.

  • The approval is subject to adherence to the Banking Regulation Act, 1949, and the Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA), 1999, along with full compliance with applicable SEBI regulations.

Exam Hints:

  • What? Post Facto Approval by RBI
  • Acquirer: 1729 Capital
  • Target: Suryoday Small Finance Bank (SSFB)
  • Acquired Stake: 7.14% stake
  • Restriction Removed: Voting rights cap of less than 5%

About RBI’s Post Facto Approval:
Post-Facto Meaning: Post-facto approval refers to authorization granted after the acquisition has already occurred.
Restriction Removal: RBI removed the earlier restriction capping 1729 Capital’s voting rights below 5%, while any future increase to 5% or more will require prior approval if the stake falls below 5% later.
Guidelines Compliance: The investor must adhere to RBI’s Master Direction on acquisition and holding of shares or voting rights in banking companies.

AWARDS & RECOGNITIONS

53rd International Emmy Awards 2025; India’s Amar Singh Chamkila received nominationsIn November 2025, the 53rd International Emmy Awards were held in New York City, USA (United States of America) celebrating excellence in television produced outside the United States presented by International Academy of Television Arts &Sciences (IATAS)
Nominees Across Categories:
Nomination: The 53rd International Emmy Awards featured a strong and diverse slate of nomination of 56 nominees across 16 competitive categories from 26 countries including Australia, Canada, Denmark, Germany, Japan, Qatar, Spain, Türkiye, United Kingdom, India, South Africa, Italy, France, Mexico, Brazil, Netherlands, and more.
Nomination of India: India received two nominations for Amar Singh Chamkila, with Diljit Dosanjh nominated for Best Actor and Best TV Movie/Mini-Series.
Highlights of the 2025 Winners:
The Academy awarded 16 Emmy statuettes, recognizing storytelling across continents.
Best Arts Programming: Ryuichi Sakamoto for the Last Days (Japan, NHK (Nippon Hoso Kyokai)
Best Performance by an Actress: Anna Maxwell Martin (UK) for Until I Kill You
Best Performance by an Actor: Oriol Pla (Spain)
>>Read Full News

Google Co-Founder Larry Page Becomes World’s Second Richest Person
In November 2025, According to the Forbes’ Real-Time Billionaires List, Larry Page, Co-Founder of Google, became the world’s second richest person with the Net worth around USD 255 billion, surpassing Larry Ellison, Co-Founder of Oracle, worth USD 247.4 billion.

Exam Hints:

  • What? Google co-founder became the world’s second richest person
  • Who? Larry Page
  • When? On November 24, 2025
  • Net Worth: USD 255 billion
  • Richest Person: Elon Musk (USD 476.4 billion)

Background: Larry’s wealth accelerated sharply following the surge of Alphabet stocks, which was driven by the launch of the new Gemini Artificial Intelligence (AI) model and strong growth in AI and Cloud services.

  • On a single day, his wealth increased by USD 8.7 billion.

About Larry Page: In 1998, he co-founded Google with Sergey Brin and later became the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Alphabet. In 2019, he stepped down from daily operations and holds around 3.2% of shareholding.

  • His net worth has expanded rapidly from USD 50.9 billion in 2020 to over USD 255 billion by late 2025.

APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

ICC Names Rohit Sharma as Brand Ambassador for 2026 T20 World Cup 
In November 2025, Jay Shah, chairman of International Cricket Council (ICC), announced former India captain Rohit Sharma as the Tournament Ambassador for the ICC Men’s Twenty20(T20) World Cup 2026,
which will be co-hosted by India and Sri Lanka from 7 February to 8 March 2026.

Exam Hints:

  • What? Announcement of T20 Brand Ambassador
  • Who? Rohit Sharma, Former Captain
  • By? ICC Chairman Jay Shah
  • For? ICC Men’s T20 World Cup 2026

About Rohit Sharma:
Career: He led India to the 2024 ICC Men’s T20 World Cup title and is one of the most accomplished players in the format. He has scored 4,231 Twenty20 International (T20I) runs at an average of 32.01 and a strike rate of 140.89.
Achievements: He is among the few cricketers to have played in all nine T20 World Cup editions. He is also one of the only players to have won the Men’s T20 World Cup twice, in 2007 and 2024.
Retirement: He retired from T20Is after India’s 2024 triumph, ending the team’s 11-year ICC trophy drought.

Justice Vikram Nath Appointed as Executive Chairman of NALSA
In November 2025, the President of India, Draupadi Murmu, appointed Justice Vikram Nath, senior-most judge of the Supreme Court (SC) of India, as the new Executive Chairman of the National Legal Services Authority (NALSA), effective 24 November 2025, following a notification issued under the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987.

  • The appointment follows the elevation of Justice Surya Kant as the 53rd Chief Justice of India (CJI), marking the seniority-based transition in line with established conventions.

Exam Hints:

  • What? Appointment of Executive Chairman of NALSA
  • Who? Justice Vikram Nath
  • Effective from: 24 November 2025
  • Succession: Justice Surya Kant, CJI

About Justice Vikram Nath:
Career: He enrolled with the Bar Council of Uttar Pradesh(UP) in 1987 and practiced at the Allahabad High Court(HC) for 17 years before his elevation to the Bench.

  • He has served as a Judge of the Allahabad HC, later becoming the Chief Justice(CJ) of the Gujarat HC before his elevation to the Supreme Court(SC) in 2021.

Innovation: He became the first CJ of a HC in India to live-stream court proceedings, reflecting his focus on transparency and judicial innovation.
Legal Services: He previously served as Chairman of the Supreme Court Legal Services Committee (SCLSC), enhancing access to justice and promoting institutional reforms.

SPORTS

Overview of Australian Open 2025 Badminton held in Sydney, AustraliaThe Australian Open (AO) 2025 Badminton, officially titled the Sathio Group Australian Open 2025, is a Badminton World Federation (BWF) Super 500 tournament, held at the State Sports Centre in Sydney, Australia, from 18 to 23 November 2025.

  • Indian badminton player Lakshya Sen (world Rank 11) clinched the men’s singles title at the Australian Open 2025 by defeating Japan’s Yushi Tanaka 21-15, 21-11, marking his first title of the 2025 season and the sixth BWF World Tour crown of his career.
  • He became the second Indian to win a BWF World Tour title in 2025 after Ayush Shetty at the US (United States of America) Open Super 300 in June 2025.

Exam Hints:

  • Event: Australian Open 2025 Badminton
  • When? 18 to 23 November 2025
  • Where? Sydney, Australia
  • Category? BWF Super 500
  • Men’s Singles Winner: Lakshya Sen (India)
  • Women’s Singles Winner: An Se Young (Korea)
  • Total Prize Money: USD 4,75,000

About Australian Open Badminton:
Background: The Australian Open is an international badminton tournament in Australia, upgraded to Grand Prix Gold in 2011 and part of the Super Series between 2014 and 2017.
Classification: From 2018 to 2022, the tournament was categorized as a Super 300 event on the BWF World Tour and since 2023, it has been elevated to Super 500 status.
Categories: It features five disciplines: men’s singles, women’s singles, men’s doubles, women’s doubles, and mixed doubles.
Total Prize Money: The Australian Open 2025 had a total prize money pool of USD 4,75,000.

  • Distribution: Of this amount, USD 35,625 was awarded to the men’s and women’s singles winners, while USD 37,525 each was allocated to the men’s doubles, women’s doubles, and mixed doubles champions.

Australian Open 2025 Badminton Winners:

Category WinnerRunner-Up
Men’s SinglesLakdhya Sen (India)Yushi Tanaka (Japan)
Women’s SinglesAn Se Young (Korea)Putri Kusuma Wardani (Indonesia)
Men’s DoublesRaymond Indra (Indonesia)

and Nikolaus Joaquin (Indonesia)

Fajar Alfian (Indonesia) and Muhammad Shohib Fikri (Indonesia)
Women’s DoublesRachel Allessya Rose (Indonesia) and Febi Setianinfrum (Indonesia)Febriana Dwipuji Kusuma (Indonesia) and Meilysa Trias (Indonesia)
Mixed DoublesChen Tang Jie (Malaysia) and Toh Ee Wei (Malaysia)Jafar Hidayatullah (Indonesia) and Felisha Alberta Pasaribu (Indonesia)

About Badminton World Federation (BWF):
President – Khunying Patama Leeswadtrakul
Established – 1934
Headquarters – Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Italy Defeats Spain to Win Fourth Davis Cup Title in Bologna
In November 2025, Italy’s men’s tennis team won its fourth Davis Cup 2025 title after defeating Spain 2-0 in the Davis Cup 2025 Final held in Bologna, Italy, becoming the second nation after the United States of America (USA) to claim three consecutive titles in the premier men’s international team tennis event, with previous victories in 1976, 2023, and 2024.

  • The Davis Cup is organized and overseen by the International Tennis Federation (ITF).

Exam Hints:

  • What? 2025 Davis Cup Final (tennis)
  • Where? Bologna, Italy
  • Organiser: International Tennis Federation (ITF)
    Winner? Italy’s men’s tennis team
  • Runner-up? Spain
  • Milestone: Italy becomes second nation after the USA to win three consecutive Davis Cups
  • Previous Italian Titles: 1976, 2023, 2024

Highlights of Davis Cup 2025:
First Singles: Matteo Berrettini (Italy) defeated Pablo Carreno Busta (Spain) 6-3, 6-4, giving Italy a 1-0 lead.
Second Singles: Flavio Cobolli (Italy) defeated Jaume Munar (Spain) 1-6, 7-6(5), 7-5, securing the championship.
Rankings: Italy remains at the top of the Davis Cup Nations Rankings 2025, with Germany and Spain occupying second and third places, respectively.

IMPORTANT DAYS

World Conjoined Twins Day 2025 – November 24 The United Nations (UN) observed World Conjoined Twins Day (WCTD) every year across the globe on 24 November to raise global awareness about conjoined twins and to promote their well-being, dignity, and social inclusion.

  • November 24, 2025 marked the second annual observance of WCTD.

Exam Hints:

  • Event: World Conjoined Twins Day (WCTD) 2025
  • When? November 24
  • 2025 Observance: 2nd
  • Declared by: UNGA Resolution A/RES/78/313 (1 July 2024)
  • Proposed by: Saudi Arabia
  • Supported by: Bahrain, Morocco, Qatar, Yemen
  • First Observed: 24 November 2024
  • 2025 Event:
    • Theme: “From Words to Action: A World Fit for Conjoined Twins and Children with Disabilities”
    • Venue: UNICEF Headquarters, New York, USA

Background:
Declaration: The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) adopted Resolution A/RES/78/313 on 1 July 2024, officially designating 24 November as WCTD.
Supporting Countries: The resolution was introduced by Saudi Arabia, with joint support from Bahrain, Morocco, Qatar, and Yemen.
First Observance: The first WCTD was observed on 24 November 2024.
About Conjoined Twins:
Conjoined Fetuses: Conjoined fetuses represent a rare type of identical twins who share both a placenta and an amniotic sac, resulting from an embryo that divides between 13 and 15 days after conception.
Occurrence Rate: Conjoined twinning occurs in approximately 1 in 50,000 to 1 in 100,000 live births, with a higher prevalence among females, reflected in a female-to-male ratio of 3:1.
2025 Events:
Event: To commemorate the WCTD 2025, an event themed “From Words to Action: A World Fit for Conjoined Twins and Children with Disabilities” was organized at the UNICEF Headquarters in New York, the United States of America(USA).
Organiser: The event was jointly hosted by the King Salman Humanitarian Aid and Relief Centre (KSRelief), UNICEF, and the Permanent Mission of Saudi Arabia to the UN.
About Saudi Arabia:
Prime Minister (PM)– Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
Capital-Riyadh
Currency– Saudi Riyal(SAR)

International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women 2025 – November 25The United Nations (UN) observes the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women every year on 25 November to raise worldwide awareness of violence against women and to emphasize the need for stronger efforts to prevent it.

  • 25th November 2025 marks the 26th International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women.

Background:
Proclamation: In 2000, the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) adopted Resolution A/RES/54/134, officially designating 25 November each year as the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women.
First Observance: The inaugural observance of the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women took place on 25 November 2000.
About 2025 UNiTE Campaign:
Campaign: The International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women marks the start of the UNiTE campaign (25 November–10 December), a 16-day global activism effort that concludes on International Human Rights Day (10 December).
Theme: The 2025 UNiTE campaign, titled “UNiTE to End Digital Violence against Women and Girls”, aims to mobilize all sections of society.
2025 Femicides Report:
Overview: On the occasion of 2025 International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women, UN Women and the UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) released a joint report titled “Femicides in 2024: Global estimates of intimate partner/family member femicides”, providing updated global and regional estimates of women and girls killed by intimate partners or other family members in 2024.
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Current Affairs Today (AffairsCloud Today)

Current Affairs 27 November  2025
Overview of PM Narendra Modi’s visit to Kurukshetra, Haryana on 25th November, 2025
India’s Horticulture Output Rises 4% to 369.05 MT in 2024-25: MoAFW
India-Nepal Joint Military Exercise ‘Surya Kiran XIX’ Begins in Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand
BEL and Safran Signed JVCA to Manufacture HAMMER Precision-Guided Weapon in India
GoI Designates CISF as New Security Regulator for Indian Sea Ports
Union Minister Prahlad Joshi Launches Biomass Pellet Plant in Rewari, Haryana
India Post Releases Commemorative Postal Cover to Honour Dr. Ramdas Pai in Manipal, Karnataka
Overview of COP30 Summit Held from November 10 to 21, 2025, in Belem, Brazil: Part II
ADB Approves USD 400 Million Loan to Boost Road Connectivity in Maharashtra
RBI Grants Post Facto Approval to FPI ‘1729 Capital’ for 7.14% Stake Acquisition in Suryoday SFB
53rd International Emmy Awards 2025; India’s Amar Singh Chamkila received nominations
Google Co-Founder Larry Page Becomes World’s Second Richest Person
ICC Names Rohit Sharma as Brand Ambassador for 2026 T20 World Cup
Justice Vikram Nath Appointed as Executive Chairman of NALSA
Overview of Australian Open 2025 Badminton held in Sydney, Australia
Italy Defeats Spain to Win Fourth Davis Cup Title in Bologna
World Conjoined Twins Day 2025 – November 24
International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women 2025 – November 25

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