Current Affairs 12 & 13 October 2025

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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

MNRE Recognised Three Major Ports as Green Hydrogen Hubs under NGHM
On 10th October 2025, Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) officially recognised three major ports, Deendayal Port Authority (Gujarat), V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority (Tamil Nadu, TN), and Paradip Port Authority (Odisha) as Green Hydrogen Hubs under the National Green Hydrogen Mission (NGHM).

About the Green Hydrogen Hubs:
Strategic Development: The three ports were selected as strategic hubs for large-scale green hydrogen production, industrial use, and export.
Net-Zero Goal: Supports India’s net-zero emissions target by 2070 under the NGHM.
Incentives: Projects in these zones eligible for benefits under Central and State Government schemes, facilitating access to infrastructure, approvals, and financial incentives.
Innovation and Investment: Hydrogen hubs are expected to promote industrial participation, attract green investments, and drive innovation in clean fuel technologies.
Guidelines: On June 27, 2025, revised guidelines were issued for Hydrogen Valley Innovation Clusters (HVIC) and Green Hydrogen Hubs, allowing ports to be recognized under Component B2 without direct financial assistance while still enabling access to government incentives.
Port-Wise Strategic Importance

• Deendayal Port, Gujarat: Western gateway with significant trade and hydrogen project potential.
• V.O. Chidambaranar Port, TN: Southern hub with strong industrial linkages.
• Paradip Port, Odisha: Eastern port capable of supporting large-scale energy projects, industrial growth, and green investments.

About National Green Hydrogen Mission (NGHM): 
Launched by: Government of India (GoI) in 2023 with an outlay of Rs. 19,744 crore.
Aim: Position India as a global hub for production, utilisation, and export of green hydrogen and its derivatives
Strategy: Develop large-scale hydrogen hubs as focal points for production and consumption
Model: Cluster-based approach to enhance project viability, achieve infrastructure convergence, and economies of scale

India Water & Rivers Forum 2025 Held in New Delhi
In October 2025, CSRBOX and The Godavari Initiative (TGI) jointly organised the inaugural edition of the India Water & Rivers Forum 2025 in New Delhi (Delhi), to catalyze collective action for water security and advance corporate water stewardship in India.
India Water & Rivers Forum 2025:
Purpose: A gathering of policymakers, industry leaders, and civil society focused on fostering coordinated efforts to strengthen water resilience at the basin level
Objective: To foster greater accountability and strengthen ESG stewardship across industries
Partnerships and Collaborations: Held in collaboration with leading global organizations:

• United Nations Global Compact (UNGC) CEO Water Mandate
• Water Resilience Coalition
• Alliance for Water Stewardship (AWS)
• World Resources Institute (WRI) India

Launch of India ESG Outlook Report 2025: 
Overview: The 2nd edition of the India Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) Outlook Report 2025, published by CSRBOX, was launched to provide a comprehensive analysis of India’s ESG landscape, highlighting key trends, gaps, and opportunities for sustainable business transformation.
Fossil Dominance: According to the report, despite widespread ESG commitments, fossil fuels continue to dominate most sectors.

• Power and Oil & Gas remain fully fossil-based (100%), Metals & Mining and Services rely on around 99% fossil energy, and Realty, Construction, and Financial Services depend on over 90% fossil energy.

About CSRBOX: Founded in 2014 and headquartered in Ahmedabad, CSRBOX is a leading Indian social impact organisation offering impact advisory, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) implementation, and sustainability solutions to over 350 companies.
>>Read Full News

CCRAS Announces SPARK -4.0 to Nurture Young Ayurveda Researchers
On October 10, 2025, the Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences (CCRAS) under the Ministry of AYUSH (Ayurveda, Yoga & Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy), has announced the 4th edition of its flagship initiative, ‘SPARK (Studentship Program for Ayurveda Research Ken) 4.0’.

• This initiative aims to spark scientific curiosity and foster research skills among undergraduate Ayurveda students across India.

About SPARK 4.0:
Purpose: It is designed as a national platform to foster evidence-based inquiry in Ayurveda and enables undergraduates (UG) to undertake short-term, independent research projects guided by faculty mentors.
Studentship: Under this program, 300 Bachelor of Ayurvedic Medicine and Surgery (BAMS) students from colleges recognized by the National Commission for Indian System of Medicine (NCISM) will receive a studentship of Rs.50,000 (Rs.25,000 per month for two months) and will also receive a certificate upon successful completion.
Registration: The registration window opens on October 15, 2025, and the last date for submission of applications is November 15, 2025.

IISc and IIT Madras joined GBA for Water Security and Resilience Project
In October 2025, the Greater Bengaluru Authority (GBA) announced a collaboration with Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru(Karnataka) and the Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT-M), Tamil Nadu(TN) for World Bank(WB)-funded Bengaluru Water Security and Resilience Project.

About Water Security and Resilience Project:
Funding: The project will receive over Rs. 3,500 crores in funding from the World Bank (WB), with key stakeholders including the GBA, BWSSB (Bangalore Water Supply and Sewerage Board), Karnataka State Natural Disaster Monitoring Centre (KSNDMC), Minor Irrigation Department of
Focus: The project will upgrade Stormwater Drains (SWDs), prevent the concretization of drains and lakes to help recharge groundwater, identify nature-based solutions for flood-prone areas, and put in place maintenance plans for SWDs during the summer months.
Model:  The project is expected to be modelled on IISc’s Urban Flood model for Bengaluru, with crucial modifications to align with GBA’s objectives.
Implementation: It will be implemented by a special-purpose vehicle called Bengaluru Smart Infrastructure Limited.

NeGD Signs MoU with Bharat Taxi to provide Technical Support
In October 2025, the National e-Governance Division (NeGD), Digital India Corporation, Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology (MeitY), signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Sahakar Taxi Cooperative Limited with the brand name Bharat Taxi, a pioneering cooperative-driven national ride-hailing initiative.

• This collaboration aims to provide strategic advisory and technical support for Bharat Taxi’s upcoming cooperative-driven, citizen-first national ride-hailing platform, set to launch in December 2025.

Key Details of MoU:
Collaboration:Under this collaboration, NeGD has partnered for providing the Bharat Taxi platform with Platform Integration & Technical Architecture, Security, Compliance &Infrastructure, Programme Advisory and UI (User Interface)/UX (User Experience) & Accessibility.
Platform Integration: The Bharat Taxi platform will be integrated with national digital platforms like DigiLocker, UMANG (Unified Mobile Application for New-age Governance), and API(Application Programming Interface) Setu to ensure seamless identity verification and efficient service delivery.
Security & Compliance: Ensures Government of India (GoI) data protection and cybersecurity standards while advising on robust technical infrastructure.
Digital India Flagship:  The platform embodies the cooperative movement’s spirit while aligning seamlessly with the vision of the Government’s flagship Digital India programme for delivering inclusive, citizen-centric, and technology-enabled public services.

NITI Aayog Releases “Roadmap for Job Creation in the AI Economy”
On October 10, 2025, B.V.R. Subrahmanyam, Chief Executive Officer(CEO) of National Institute for Transforming India (NITI) Aayog released a “Roadmap for Job Creation in the AI (Artificial Intelligence) Economy”, to transform India into a global hub for AI talent.

• It examines how AI is reshaping the tech services industry through the lens of work, worker, and workforce.

About the Roadmap:
Developed by: The Roadmap was developed by NITI Aayog’s Frontier Tech Hub, in collaboration with NASSCOM(National Association of Software and Service Companies) and BCG( Boston Consulting Group), with guidance from an Expert Council of industry leaders from IBM(International Business Machines) , Infosys, Tech Mahindra, Teleperformance, and others.
Envision: The roadmap adopts a mission-mode approach focused on AI literacy in education, a national reskilling engine for tech and Customer Experience(CX) professionals, and positioning India as a global AI talent hub.
Impact: The roadmap highlights AI’s impact on work and workforce, noting potential job losses by 2031 but forecasting up to 4 million new AI-driven jobs in the next five years.
National AI Talent Mission:  NITI Aayog recommends the launch of a National AI Talent Mission, a bold, nationally coordinated effort to transform India into the AI workforce capital of the world.
Collaboration: Connects the ‘India AI Talent Mission’ with the ‘India AI Mission’ and promotes academia–government–industry partnerships to develop AI innovators and researchers.

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Overview of Union Minister Piyush Goyal’s Visit to Qatar from October 6 to 7, 2025Union Minister Piyush Goyal, Ministry of Commerce and Industry (MoC&I), Government of India (GOI), was on a two-day official visit to Qatar from October 6 to 7, 2025, marking his first official visit to Qatar, with an aim to deepen trade, investment, and digital cooperation between India and Qatar.
Highlights of the Visit:
India-Qatar JCM: On October 6, 2025, Union Minister Piyush Goyal and H.E. Sheikh Mohammad bin Hamad bin Qassim Al Abdullah Al Thani, Minister of Commerce and Industry, Qatar, co-chaired India-Qatar Joint Commission Meeting (JCM) on Economic and Commercial Operation, in Doha.
Key Outcomes:
Trade: Reviewed trade between India and Qatar, worth over USD 14 billion in 2024-25, and discussed ways to expand and diversify it and set a goal to double bilateral trade by 2030.
FTA: Agreed to quickly finalize the Terms of Reference (ToR) to start formal negotiations on the India-Qatar Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA).
Investment: Acknowledged the commitment from Qatar Investment Authority (QIA) to invest USD 10 billion in India and expressed their intent to explore more mutually beneficial investments in areas such as infrastructure, Renewable Energy (RE), logistics, and digital economy projects.
UPI in Qatar:
Launch: On October 7, 2025, Union Minister Piyush Goyal launched India’s Unified Payments Interface (UPI), an instant payment system, at Lulu Mall, The Pearl Island in Doha.
Collaboration: It is part of a broader collaboration between NPCI International Payments Limited (NIPL), Qatar National Bank (QNB), and NETSTARS, a Japanese payments gateway.
>>Read Full News

BANKING & FINANCE

Overview of Global Fintech Fest 2025 held in Mumbai – Part IIThe sixth edition of the Global Fintech Fest (GFF 2025), was held from October 7- 9,2025 at the Jio World Convention Centre and Nita Mukesh Ambani Cultural Centre(NMACC) in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
Highlights of GFF 2025:
Denmark and India Collaboration: Invest in Denmark and Copenhagen Fintech (a leading innovation hub for financial technology in Nordic), in partnership with Startup Réseau, hosted a thematic interaction on “Green Fintech”, on the sidelines of GSS 2025.
Mastercard Partnership: PhonePe announced a partnership with Mastercard to roll out ecosystem-wide device tokenisation on its payments gateway.

• AU Small Finance Bank(SFB) announced the launch of its AU Multi-Currency Forex Card.

Visa Key Partnership: At GFF 2025, Visa unveiled its Payment Passkey solution in collaboration with Razorpay, PhonePe, PayU and Juspay.

• Visa also launched the Corporate Sapphiro Forex Card and multi-Currency Prepaid Forex Card.

Bank of India (BoI) Initiatives: BoI launched PoC solutions to prevent mobile banking fraud and introduced biometric-based UPI transactions for small payments, along with premium credit cards Celestia (for high-value customers) and Lakshmi (exclusively for women).
Agreement Signed: The National e-Governance Division (NeGD) and National E-Governance Services Limited (NeSL) have entered into a MoU to enhance and integrate digital document management for businesses and government entities.
>>Read Full News

BoI Signs a MoU with BSF to Boost Financial Benefits under the Rakshak Salary Package
In October 2025, the Bank of India (BoI), one of India’s leading Public Sector Banks (PSBs), signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Border Security Force (BSF) under the Rakshak Salary Package to enhance financial benefits for BSF Personnel and Veterans.

• The MoU was signed at BSF Headquarters, New Delhi(Delhi) in the presence of Vijay Kumar Thapliyal, Inspector General(IG), Administration of BSF; Lokesh Krishna, General Manager(GM) of BoI and other Senior Officials of both the organisations.

Key Benefits :
The MoU offers multiple exclusive advantages for BSF personnel, such as:
Enhanced Personal Accident Insurance (PAI): Complimentary coverage up to Rs.1 crore
Air Accident Coverage: Up to Rs.2 crore
Card : Attractive deals on Debit and Credit Cards
Financial Privileges: Additional value-added benefits to ensure greater financial security for BSF members.

CotoPay Launches India’s First Business-Focused e-RUPI Voucher Issuance Platform
On October 10, 2025, CotoPay, a brand of Cotodel Technologies Private Limited, powered by the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI), has launched the first business-specific e-RUPI(Digital e-rupee) voucher issuance platform to onboard businesses to manage their expenses by leveraging the existing Unified Payments Interface(UPI) ecosystem.

About CotoPay Platform:
Issuance and Redemption: Businesses can instantly issue UPI vouchers, enabling employees to redeem them at more than 65 million UPI-enabled merchants across India.
Purpose Locking: Vouchers can be restricted to specific categories or merchants, ensuring funds are spent appropriately.
Integration: Employees can use existing UPI applications(apps) like BHIM(Bharat Interface for Money), Google Pay and bob इ Pay without the need for new applications.
Simplified Onboarding: The platform removes the requirement for individual Know Your Customer (KYC) processes, making onboarding quick and hassle-free.

ECONOMY & BUSINESS

Sachin Tendulkar Launches Sportswear Brand ‘TEN x YOU’
On 10th October 2025, former Indian cricketer and Bharat Ratna Sachin Tendulkar launched his first sportswear and athleisure brand “TEN x You”, to promote fitness and sports in India.

About TEN x YOU:
Partners: Bengaluru(Karnataka) based TEN x YOU brand co-founded by Sachin Tendulkar, Karthik Gurumurthy, and Karan Arora, under the company SRT10 Athleisure Private Limited. It has secured financial backing from Peak XV Partners and Whiteboard Capital
Vision: The brand aims to transform India from a sports-loving nation to a sports-playing nation, encouraging individuals of all ages to embrace an active lifestyle.
Product Range: TEN x YOU offers a variety of products, including cricket-specific footwear, lifestyle apparel, and accessories, designed to cater to Indian athletes’ needs.

APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS           

Sebastian Lecornu Re-Appointed as New PM of FranceOn October 10, 2025, French President Emmanuel Macron has reappointed Sebastien Lecornu as the new Prime Minister (PM) of France. The reappointment came after Sebastien Lecornu resigned on 6 October 2025, following the collapse of his first government.

• Earlier, he was appointed as the PM of France on September 9, 2025, succeeding François Bayrou, who resigned after failing a confidence vote in the National Assembly.

About Sebastien Lecornu:
Political Career: In 2002, he started his political career by joining the Union for a Popular Movement (UMP). In 2008, he was appointed as the government adviser under former President Nicolas Sarkozy, youngest advisor at the age of 22.

• From 2009 to 2012, he was an advisor to Bruno Le Maire, the then Minister of Agriculture.
• In 2014, he was elected Mayor of Vernon and became the President of the Eure Department Council from 2015 to 2017.

Ministry Roles: From 2017 to 2018, he served as Secretary of State for Ecological and Inclusive Transition, Minister for Local Authorities (2018-2020), Minister for the Overseas (2020-2022), and the Minister of the Armed Forces (2022-2025).
Political Shift: In 2017, he left the conservatives Les Republicains party to join Macron’s centrist movement and later managed Macron’s re-election campaign in 2022.
PM: Appointed as PM of France in September 2025, he became the youngest PM at 39, but his government collapsed within 14 hours following opposition backlash over limited political diversity in his cabinet.
National Honors: He has been honored with several honors such as Knight of the Order of Agricultural Merit (2012), Knight of the Order of Arts and Letters (2017), Commander of the Order of the Star of Moheli (2021), Grand officer of the National Order of Lebanon (2021), Commander First Class of the Royal Order of the Polar Star, Sweden (2024).

• It also includes the Grand Cross of the Order of Germany (2024), and Commander of the Lion, Senegal (2023), Order of Honor, Moldova (2025), and Order of Zayed, United Arab Emirates (UAE) (2025).

About France:
President – Emmanuel Macron
Capital – Paris
Currency – Euro, EUR

Rajeev Juneja Appointed as President of PHDCCIIn October 2025, Rajeev Juneja, Vice Chairman & Managing Director (MD) of Mankind Pharma Limited., assumed charge as the President of PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry (PHDCCI) for the period 2025–26.

• He succeeds Hemant Jain, MD of KLJ Group of Companies, now serves as the Immediate Former President of PHDCCI.

Other Appointments:
Senior Vice President: Anil Gupta, Chairman & MD of KEI Industries Ltd., appointed as Senior Vice President of PHDCCI.
Vice President: Sanjay Singhania, MD & Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Epack Prefab Technologies Ltd., appointed as Vice President of PHDCCI.
About Rajeev Juneja:
Profile: He is a prominent Indian entrepreneur. He co-founded Mankind Pharma in 1995 alongside his brother, Ramesh Juneja.

• Under his leadership, the company has grown to become one of India’s top pharmaceutical firms, known for its extensive product portfolio and significant market presence.

Industry Contributions: Active in PHDCCI, shaping policies and leading initiatives that support industry growth and excellence.
Vision & Impact: As PHDCCI President, fostering innovation, industry linkages, and contributing to India’s development goals by 2047.
About PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry (PHDCCI):
PHDCCI is a leading industry association that promotes industrial growth, policy advocacy, and global competitiveness for Indian industry. It is a National Apex Chamber with an international office in Bahrain, serving six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries.
Headquarters – New Delhi (Delhi)
Established – 1905

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

IA Initiated Induction of Indigenous ‘SAKSHAM’, Counter-UAS Grid SystemIn October 2025, the Indian Army (IA) has initiated the process for induction of indigenously developed ‘Situational Awareness for Kinetic Soft and Hard Kill Assets Management (SAKSHAM)’, Counter-Unmanned Aerial System (C-UAS) Grid System.

Background:
Approval: The procurement project for SAKSHAM Counter-UAS (C-UAS) has been approved under the Fast Track Procurement (FTP) route, with deployment across all IA field formations expected in 2026.
Milestone :This initiative represents a significant step toward a digitally enabled, network-centric battlefield, aligning with the Indian Army’s strategic vision of the ‘Decade of Transformation (2023–32)’.
About SAKSHAM C-UAS:
Objective: This new defense system is specifically designed to detect, track, and destroy hostile drones and unmanned aerial systems in real time.
Developed by: SAKSHAM, a high-end, modular Command and Control(C2) System, has been developed in collaboration with Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL), Ghaziabad (Uttar Pradesh, UP).
Secure & Reliable Network: The new system operates on the secure Army Data Network (ADN), providing a real-time, integrated Recognised UAS(Unmanned Aircraft System) Picture (RUASP) for commanders, merging sensor data, counter-drone systems and AI-driven analytics.
Key Features : The system is equipped with some advanced features which offer various benefits such as: real-time threat detection and AI-enabled predictive analysis, integration of sensors and weapons for synchronized response; 3-Dimensional (3D) battlefield visualization, and inputs from ‘Akashteer’ system to map all friendly, neutral, and hostile airspace users within the combat zone.
Significance: The system will ensure comprehensive airspace security across the newly defined Tactical Battlefield Space (TBS), which now covers the Air Littoral or maximum airspace of 3,000 meters (m) or approximately 10,000 feet above the ground level.
About Indian Army (IA):
Chief of the Army Staff (CoAS) – General Upendra Dwivedi
Headquarters- New Delhi, Delhi
Established- 1895
Motto- Seva Paramo Dharma (Service Before Self)

IMPORTANT DAYS

World Day Against Death Penalty 2025 – October 10The World Day Against the Death Penalty, observed every year across the world on October 10 to raise awareness about capital punishment and advocate for its abolition worldwide.

• 10 October 2025 marks the 23rd observance of the World Day Against the Death Penalty.

Theme:
2025 Theme: “The Death Penalty Protects No One: Abolish it Now.”
Focus: The theme highlights that the death penalty is ineffective, unjust, and often discriminatory, challenging the belief that it improves public safety.

Background:
Initiated by: The World Day against Death Penalty was initiated by the World Coalition Against the Death Penalty (WCADP), with the support of numerous organizations like Amnesty International, the United Nations (UN), and the European Union (EU) and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)
First Observance: It was first observed on October 10, 2003.
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR):
History: Adopted in 1966 and in force since 1976, the ICCPR obliges its 173+ State parties to protect rights such as life, free speech, and fair trials.
Death Penalty Context: Article 6 recognizes the right to life and sets safeguards for capital punishment.
Global Status of the Death Penalty:
Abolished: 112 countries abolished it for all crimes; 9 for ordinary crimes only; 23 are abolitionist in practice.
Total Abolitionist: 144 countries have abolished the death penalty in law or practice.
Retention: 55 countries still use the death penalty; 16 carried out executions in 2023.
Death Sentence in India:
Punishment: The death penalty, carried out by hanging, is India’s highest capital punishment.
Death Row: Around 539 prisoners currently await execution.
Recent: Last executions occurred on 20 March 2020.
About Amnesty International :
Secretary -General – Agnès Callamard
Headquarters– London, the United Kingdom(UK)
Established– 1961.

World Egg Day 2025 – October 10World Egg Day (WED) is annually observed across the globe on the 2nd Friday of October to promote the nutritional benefits of eggs as a rich source of protein and essential nutrients.

• WED 2025 falls on 10th October 2025
• WED 2024 was observed on 11th October 2024 and WED 2026 will be observed on 9th October 2026.

Theme:
2025 Theme: “Mighty Egg – Packed with Natural Nutrition”
Focus: Highlighted eggs as an affordable, accessible source of essential nutrients for everyone.

Background:
Establishment: World Egg Day was initiated by the International Egg Commission (IEC)(now World Egg Organisation, WEO).
Adoption: The IEC decided to celebrate World Egg Day annually on the second Friday of October during its 1996 conference in Vienna, Austria.
First Celebration: The inaugural World Egg Day was observed on 11 October 1996.
Nutritional Importance of Eggs: 
Nutritional Richness: Eggs provide high-quality protein, essential vitamins (A, D, E, B-complex), minerals like iron and zinc, and important compounds such as choline and lutein.
Caloric & Macro Content: Each egg contains 70–80 calories, 6–7 grams (g) of protein, 5–6 g of fat (including essential fats), and small amounts of carbohydrates, with nutrients naturally divided between the yolk and white.
Health Benefits: They support brain development, eye health, and muscle maintenance, making them vital for all age groups.
2025 Event in India:
Organizers: Poultry India, Indian Poultry Equipment Manufacturers Association (IPEMA), and the National Egg Coordination Committee (NECC) hosted awareness campaigns and events.
Theme 2025 in India: ‘Protein Awareness: Eggs for Nutrition & Health’
Key Facts:
Production: By 2025, India is projected to produce approximately 153.5 billion eggs, driven largely by increasing per capita consumption across the country.
Global Ranking: According to Basic Animal Husbandry Statistics – 2024, India ranks second in global egg production, trailing only China, the world’s largest producer.
State-wise Leadership in India: Andhra Pradesh (AP) continues to lead in egg production, followed by Tamil Nadu (TN) and Telangana.
About World Egg Organisation (WEO):
In January 2025, the International Egg Commission (IEC) officially rebranded itself as the WEO.
Chairman– Juan Felipe Montoya Muñoz
Headquarter – London, the United Kingdom(UK)
Established – 1964

International Day of the Girl Child 2025– October 11The United Nations (UN’s) International Day of the Girl Child (IDGC) is annually observed globally on October 11 to highlight the challenges girls face and promote their empowerment and human rights.
Theme: 
2025 Theme: “ The girl I am, the change I lead: Girls on the frontlines of crisis”
Focus: The theme highlights the resilience and leadership of girls leading during crises and advocating for their rights and well-being.

Background:
Origin: In 1995, at the Beijing World Conference on Women, the UN adopted the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action, the first framework to specifically promote girls’ rights alongside women’s rights.
UN Adoption : On December 19, 2011, the UN General Assembly(UNGA) passed Resolution A/RES/66/170, officially declaring October 11 as the IDGC.
First Observation: The day was first observed on 11 October 2012
Beijing Declaration: Marking 30 years since the 1995 Beijing Platform for Action (BPfA), the IDGC urges the world to listen to girls, recognize their potential, and advance gender equality.
Challenges Faced by Adolescent Girls:
Education: 133 million girls are out of school; nearly 4 in 10 do not complete upper secondary education.
Employment & Training: Girls aged 15–19 are more likely than boys to be out of education, employment, or training.
Violence & Social Norms: About 1 in 4 ever-married adolescent girls have faced intimate partner violence; over one-third of teens believe domestic violence is sometimes justified.
Health: The percentage of underweight girls aged 10–19 has only slightly declined in 30 years (10% → 8%).
SDG Progress: With five years left until 2030, no country has achieved even half of the 16 Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs) targets critical to adolescent girls’ well-being.
2025 Call to Action:
Girls are already leading change and demanding their rights. United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF)partners with girl-led groups to ensure their voices are heard and acted upon in policymaking, programming, and humanitarian efforts.
About United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF):
Executive Director(ED) – Catherine Russell
Headquarters – New York, the United States of America (USA)
Founded – 1946

STATE NEWS

Maharashtra Signs MoU with Spain to set up a convention in Nagpur
In October 2025, the Maharashtra Airport Development Company (MADC) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with  Spain’s Fira Barcelona International Company to develop a world-class convention, exhibition,cultural and academic centre in Nagpur, Maharashtra.

• The MoU was signed in the presence of Devendra Fadnavis, Chief Minister(CM) of  Maharashtra and  Richard Zapatero, Chief Executive Officer(CEO) of Fira Barcelona International in Mumbai, Maharashtra.

Key Details of MoU:
Location: The  location for the convention centre will be well connected by every mode of transport.
Multifunctional Cultural Hub: The centre will not only host exhibitions and major events but also serve as a cultural hub that tells the story of Nagpur’s rich history.
Construction: It emphasises as a symbol of modern design, advanced technology, and eco-friendly construction.
MIHAN: The facility will be located within Multi-modal International Cargo Hub and Airport(MIHAN), which is already shaping as a hub for aviation, logistics and Information Technology(IT) Industries.

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