Current Affairs 1 October 2025

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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

PM Narendra Modi Inaugurates World Food India 2025 on September 25, 2025, in New Delhi, DelhiOn September 25, 2025, Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi inaugurated World Food India 2025, a flagship global food event, organized by the Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI), Government of India (GOI), scheduled from September 25 to 28, 2025, at Bharat Mandapam in New Delhi, Delhi.

• The event aims to position India as the “Food Hub of the World” by fostering collaboration, innovation, and investments across the food processing value chain.

Highlights of the event:
Partner Countries: Countries such as New Zealand and Saudi Arabia have been designated as Partner Countries, and Japan, United Arab Emirates (UAE), Vietnam, and Russia participated as Focus Countries.
Focus States: It includes Andhra Pradesh (AP), Tamil Nadu (TN), Maharashtra, and Odisha.
Theme: The 4th edition of the World Food India was held under the theme “Processing for Prosperity”
MoUs signed by MoFPI:
With TCPL: During the event, Tata Consumer Products Limited (TCPL) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with MoFPI, to invest Rs.2,000 crores in India’s food processing sector over the next five years.
With Godrej Agrovet: Godrej Agrovet Private Limited (Godrej Agrovet) signed a non-binding MoU with the MoFPI, committing to invest Rs.960 crores to establish new manufacturing, processing, and research facilities.
About the Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI):
Union Minister – Chirag Paswan (Constituency – Hajipur, Bihar)
Minister of State (MoS) – Ravneet Singh Bittu (Ludhiana, Punjab)
>>Read Full News

MoHUA Rolls Out ‘SSJ’ Urban Waste Management Mentorship InitiativeIn September 2025, Union Minister Manohar Lal Khattar, Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA) rolled out ‘Swachh Shehar Jodi (SSJ)’ initiative under the Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban (SBM-U) during a special event held at Sonipat, Haryana.

• The newly launched initiative marks one of the largest time-bound and structured mentorship frameworks in the urban waste management sector.

About Swachh Shehar Jodi:
Objective: To foster knowledge and experience sharing, peer learning and leveraging best practices in sanitation and waste management across urban areas of the country.
Coverage: SSJ, a structured mentorship and collaborative action programme involves 72 mentor cities and around 200 mentee cities.
Mentor-Mentee Cities: As per MoHUA, top-performing cities have been selected as mentor cities based on their latest performance in the Swachh Survekshan (SS) rankings and paired them with low-performing mentee cities.
Selection Process: Cities that ranked 1st, 2nd, or 3rd in 2022, 2023, and 2024 editions of SS were included as top performers across 5 population categories were inducted in the Super Swachh League (SSL)which was introduced in 2024-25 SS.
About Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA):
Union Minister- Manohar Lal Khattar (Constituency- Karnal, Haryana)
Minister of State (MoS)- Tokhan Sahu (Constituency- Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh)
>>Read Full News

PRAYAS-Integrated Neuro Rehabilitation Centre has opened in AIIA, Goa.
In September 2025, The Ministry of AYUSH (Ayurveda, Yoga, Naturopathy, Unai, Siddha and Homeopathy) has launched “Prayas” India’s First integrated Neuro Rehabilitation center at AIIA (All India Institute of Ayurveda) in Goa.

• It was inaugurated on the occasion of 10th Ayurveda day by Union Minister Prataprao Jadhav, Ministry of AYUSH and Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoH&FW).

About the Rehabilitation Center:
Focus: The center majorly focuses on children with neurological and developmental conditions.
Significance: “Prayas” is among the first-of-its-kind multi-disciplinary centers in the country that brings together Ayurveda, Physiotherapy, Yoga, Speech Therapy, Occupational Therapy, and modern Pediatrics’ under one roof

BANKING & FINANCE

RBI eases rules on banks’ overseas perpetual debt, tweaks rules for SBLIn September 2025, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) released ‘RBI (Basel III Capital Regulations-PDI in AT 1 Capital) Directions,2025’, raising the limit for perpetual debt that banks can raise overseas and use as part of their core capital.

• The RBI has also revised the regulations for Small Business Loans (SBL), permitting more frequent adjustments to the credit risk spread charged to borrowers.

Key Highlights:
Applicable to: The new direction is applicable to all Scheduled Commercial Banks (SCB) (excluding Small Finance Banks (SFB), Payments Banks (PB) and Regional Rural Banks (RRB)).
Effective from: These Directions shall come into force from October 01, 2025.
New Limit: The Perpetual Debt Instruments (PDIs) issued in foreign currency/ rupee denominated bonds overseas shall be eligible for inclusion in Additional Tier 1 (AT1) capital up to a maximum amount of 1.5% of Risk Weighted Assets (RWAs) as per the latest available financial statements.

• Previously, the RBI had capped perpetual debt at 1.5% of RWA, allowing less than half to be raised overseas.

In September 2025, the RBI also issued RBI (Lending Against Gold and Silver Collateral) Directions, 2025 and RBI (Interest Rate on Advances) Directions, 2025 pertaining to SBL amendment and gold loan expansion respectively.
>>Read Full News

BoB signs a Co-Lending Agreement with IIFL Finance
In September 2025, Bank of Baroda (BoB) signed a Co-Lending agreement with India Info line Finance Limited (IIFL), a Non- Banking Financial Corporation (NBFC) to provide small borrowers with easier and affordable Credit on gold for agriculture and allied activities.

About the Agreement:
Target: The banks will primarily target underserved and unbanked customer segments across semi-urban and rural areas.
IIFL Role: IIFL finance will originate and service Gold loans
BoB Role: BoB will look after of the funding, with joint underwriting

TATA AIG ties up with Equitas Bank for insurance distribution
In September 2025, TATA AIG General Insurance Company, a joint venture between TATA Group and American International Group signed a bancassurance agreement with Equitas Small Finance Bank (SFB) to expand insurance access across rural and urban areas. The collaboration will enable Equitas customers to purchase TATA AIG’s non-life insurance products through the bank’s distribution network.

About the Agreement:
Aim: The tie-up aims to strengthen financial protection for households and small businesses in emerging India markets.
Offers: The partnership will offer motor, health, personal accident, travel and other general insurance solutions to Equitas’ customer base, with particular focus on semi-urban and rural markets.

Axis Bank, in partnership with Free charge launches Gold-Backed Credit on UPI
In September 2025, Axis Bank , a private sector bank,  in partnership with Free charge  launched India’s first Gold-backed Credit line on UPI(United Payments Interface) , following the guidelines given by NPCI (National Payments Corporation of India), aiming to simplify working capital access ,business growth financing, and urgent liquidity needs.

About the Credit Line:
Designed for : The product is designed to unlock economical potential of gold assets and is  designed for MSME(Micro, Small, Medium Enterprises)s, self-employed individuals, and merchants, allows customers to leverage their gold holdings for instant, flexible credit.
Advantages: Credit on UPI with Gold Loans enables users to access overdraft facilities digitally, with interest charged only on the amount used.
Repayments: Customers can make payments and repayments in real time via UPI or Free charge, without visiting a bank branch after on boarding.

PhonePe & Mastercard Launched ‘Tap & Pay” Feature for Contactless Payments in India
In September 2025, PhonePe Private Limited, a leading digital payments platform, in collaboration with Mastercard Inc., launched an exclusive ‘Tap & Pay’ feature for Mastercard cardholders in India.

About the ‘Tap & Pay’ Feature:
Objective: To offer secure and frictionless ‘tap and pay’ experiences at physical retail outlets and support tokenised e-commerce transactions.
Eligible Users: Mastercard credit, debit, and prepaid cardholders in India.
Platform: The feature is available within the PhonePe application (app) on Near-Field Communication (NFC)-capable Android smartphones.
In-Store Payments: Users can make contactless payments at NFC-enabled Point of Sale (PoS) terminals in India and abroad by tapping their smartphones.
Online Security: Enables safer online shopping with tokenised transactions tied to the user’s device.
One-Time Setup: Users can securely add their cards to the PhonePe app through a simple, one-time tokenisation process.

ECONOMY & BUSINESS

ADB projects India’s growth at 6.5% for FY26 and FY27 amid global trade uncertaintyIn September 2025, the Manila, Philippines based Asian Development Bank (ADB) released its report – “Asian Development Outlook (ADO) Growth Slows As A New Global Trade Environment Takes Shape September 2025”.

• The report has forecast India’s gross domestic product (GDP) to grow by 6.5% in both Financial Year 2025-26 (FY26) and FY27.

Key Highlights:
India-specific: The FY26 growth forecast remains unchanged from ADB’s July 2025 projection, while the FY27 estimate has been revised down from 6.7% to 6.5%.

• Also, India’s economy grew 7.6% in Quarter 1 FY26 (1st April 2025 – 30th June 2025), supported mainly by robust consumption and strong public capital spending, which offset weaker net exports
• As per the outlook, inflation in India is now forecast to fall to 3.1% in FY26 as food prices decline more than expected, then rise to 4.2% in FY27 as food price trends normalize.

Reason: The Strong Q1 FY26 growth from consumption and investment will be affected by USA (United States of America) tariffs hitting 60% of India’s merchandise exports, weighing on growth in second half of FY26 and FY27.

• Merchandise exports are expected to grow only modestly, constrained by USA tariffs on key exports, while exports of services are expected to remain robust and a key driver of growth.

Other Projections (Region): The East-Asia GDP growth forecast for 2025 remains unchanged from ADO April 2025 projection, at 4.4%, but the forecast for 2026 is revised down to 3.9%.

• The GDP forecast for South-Asia is 5.9% in 2025 and 6.0% in 2026, both slightly less than projected in ADO April 2025

About Asian Development Bank (ADB):
President – Masato Kanda (Japan)
Headquarters – Manila, the Philippines
Member Nations – 69 (50 member nations are from Asia-Pacific region)
Established – 1966

Tata Steel Signed Pact with Netherlands Govt for Decarbonisation Project
In September 2025, Tata Steel Limited signed a non-binding Joint Letter of Intent (JLoI) with the Government of the Netherlands and the Province of North Holland to accelerate the decarbonisation of its Tata Steel Nederland (TSN) operations and improve air quality around the IJmuiden site, the hub of TSN.

 Tata Steel Nederland Decarbonisation Project:
Funding Sources: Dutch government may provide up to Euro 2 billion, EU (European Union) Innovation Fund (IF) application of Euro 300 million, remaining costs covered by TSN cash flow, project debt, and Tata Steel funding.
Decarbonisation Strategy: Phase 1 involves decommissioning Blast Furnace 7 and Coke and Gas Plant 2; constructing a Direct Reduction Plant (DRP) and Electric Arc Furnace (EAF); initially powered by natural gas with future transition to hydrogen and biomethane.
Environmental Impact: Expected annual carbon dioxide (CO₂) reduction of 5.4 million tonnes from a peak of 12.6 million tonnes (MT); increase in scrap usage in steelmaking from 17% (2019) to 30%.
Investment Approval: Final investment decision to be taken by Tata Steel Board after resolving regulatory, policy, and financial matters; detailed engineering and capital expenditure plans pending.
Project Implementation: Non-binding JLoI establishes framework for low-carbon steel production and health improvement; policy monitoring of EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) and Dutch 2030 CO₂ targets; project backed by trade unions.

APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

GOI Appoints Asheesh Pandey as MD & CEO of UBI, Kalyan Kumar as MD & CEO of CBIOn September 30, 2025, Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC), Government of India (GOI), chaired by Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi approved the appointment of Asheesh Pandey as Managing Director (MD) and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Union Bank of India (UBI) and Kalyan Kumar as MD & CEO of Central Bank of India (CBI) for a period of three years with effect from the date of assuming their offices.

• The appointments were recommended by the Financial Services Institution Bureau (FSIB) on May 30, 2025.
• With this move, Asheesh Pandey will succeed A. Manimekalai, whose tenure ended in June 2025, and Kalyan Kumar will replace Matam Venkata (M.V.) Rao, who retired in July 2025

About Asheesh Pandey:
In UBI: He began his banking career in Corporation Bank in Mumbai (Maharashtra). Later he joined UBI and worked as Chief General Manager (CGM) and Chief Operating Officer (COO). He led process re-engineering, automation, and digitization and played a key role in establishing insurance and Mutual Fund (MF) businesses at UBI.
In BOM: In 2021, he was appointed as the Executive Director (ED) of Bank of Maharashtra (BOM), where he handled credit, treasury, merchant banking, foreign transactions, Joint Ventures (JVs), marketing, customer relationships, and banking operations.
About Kalyan Kumar:
In UBI: In 1995, he began his banking career as a Rural Development Officer in UBI, where he served in various capacities, including Branch Head (Including Very large branches), Faculty at Staff Training Centres, Principal of the Staff College, and CGM Human Resources (HR).
>>Read Full News

SPORTS

World Para Archery Championships-2025: Indian Para Archers Shines GloballyThe 15th edition of the World Para Archery Championships-2025, held in Gwangju, South Korea, from September 22 to 28, 2025.

• India secured a total of five medals (two gold, two silver, and one bronze), finishing second in the overall medal table.

About the World Para Archery Championships-2025:

Organiser:  The event is organised by World Archery (WA), an international governing body for the sport of archery.

Participants: A total of 239 participants competing from 47 countries in the championship.

Top performing nations: China emerged as the topper in the medal tally in the championship with 12 medals (6 Gold, 3 Silver, 3 Bronze).

• While, India finished second, and Mongolia being third with 2 Gold medals.

Indian Performance:

Women’s Compound Individual: Sheetal Devi scripted history by becoming the first woman without arms to win a world championship gold in the category by defeating Turkiye’s world No. 1 Öznur Cure Girdi.

Men’s Compound Individual: Toman Kumar clinched the gold medal by defeating his opponent and teammate Rakesh Kumar, who settled for a silver medal

Team Medals: Sheetal Devi and Sarita Adhana ended up with a silver medal in the Women’s Compound Open Team after losing to Turkey.

• Sheetal pairing with Toman Kumar won bronze medal in the Compound Mixed Team against the Great Britain.

About World Archery:
President – Ugur Erdener (Turkiye)
Headquarters – Lausanne, Switzerland
Founded – 1931

IMPORTANT DAYS

World Rabies Day 2025 – September 28World Rabies Day is annually observed on September 28 worldwide. The day is dedicated to raising awareness about rabies prevention and the progress made in combating this deadly disease.

• September 28, 2025, marks the 19th observance of World Rabies Day.
• The date also commemorates the anniversary of the death of Louis Pasteur, the French scientist who developed the first rabies vaccine.

Theme: This year’s theme is “Act Now: You, Me, Communities“, which is a call for “you”, “me”, and the “community” to take responsibilities, to work together, and drive real change.
Background:
Established by: World Rabies Day was established in 2007 by the Global Alliance for Rabies Control (GARC) with support from the World Health Organization (WHO) to raise awareness about rabies prevention and the progress made in its control.
First Observed: The first World Rabies Day was observed on September 28, 2007.
>>Read Full News

International Translation Day 2025 – September 30The United Nations (UN)’s International Translation Day (ITD) is annually observed across the globe on 30th September to honor the role of language professionals in connecting nations, promoting communication, understanding, cooperation, development, and global peace and security.

• The theme of ITD 2025 is “Celebrating Translation, Peace and Trust” highlights the role of translators, interpreters, and terminologists in fostering dialogue, trust, and peace.

Background: 
First Observance: ITD was first celebrated in 1991 by the International Federation of Translators (FIT).
UN Recognition: On 24th May 2017, during its 71st session, the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) adopted resolution A/RES/71/288, officially declaring 30th September as ITD.
First UN Observance: The first UN-recognized ITD was observed on 30th September 2017.
Significance: September 30 is chosen to coincide with the feast of St. Jerome, the Bible translator and patron saint of translators.
About International Federation of Translators (FIT):
President– Guillaume Deneufbourg
Secretary-General- Laurinda Cecilia Van Tonder
Headquarters– Paris, France
Established-1953
>>Read Full News

World Heart Day-September 29,2025September 29 is annually observed as “World Heart Day” across the globe. It aims at creating awareness about Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) and the measures to prevent them

• 2025 marks as the 25th Anniversary of World Heart Day

About World Heart Day:
Focus: The event mainly focuses on educating people about the signs and symptoms of cardiovascular disease to avoid any further complications and encouraging people to inculcate a healthy lifestyle to prevent and control any heart related ailments.
Theme: This year’s Theme is “Don’t Miss A Beat”, emphasizing the importance of continuous vigilance in heart health
Background:
Established: The idea of having heart day globally was introduced by Antoni Baie de Luna, former president of the World Health Federation (WHF), along with the collaboration of World Health Organization (WHO), in 1999.
First time Celebration: The world witnessed the first official World Heart Day celebration on September 24, 2000.
SEAHEARTS Initiative:
The SEAHEARTS Initiative was introduced on World Heart Day 2022 as a response to accelerating efforts to prevent and control CVDs.
Two-year Mark: This year also marks a two-year mark for SEAHEARTS initiative adopted in south East Asia region
Commitments: The SEAHEARTS resolution commits to placing 100 million people with hypertension and/or diabetes on protocol-based management by 2025, and accelerating efforts for tobacco control, salt reduction, and the elimination of trans-fatty acids from the food chain.
About World Health Federation (WHF):
President-Jagat Narula
Established-1978
Headquarters- Geneva, Switzerland

World Rivers Day 2025 – September 28World Rivers Day (WRD) is annually observed across the world on the 4th Sunday of September month, to raise public awareness about the significance of rivers, encourage the enhanced protection of all rivers worldwide, and promote their conservation and sustainable management.

• WRD 2025 was observed on September 28, 2025, marking 20 years of celebrating rivers in over 100 countries across the world.

About World Rivers Day (WRD):
Water for Life Campaign: In 2005, the United Nations (UN) had launched the International Decade for Action, ‘Water for Life (2005-15)’, to raise awareness about the need to better care for our water resources.
Initiated by:  In 2005, Canadian river conservationist Mark Angelo, Chair Emeritus of the Rivers Institute at the British Columbia Institute of Technology (BCIT), had initiated the proposal at UN for the annual observance of WRD.
International Recognition: In response to Mark Angelo’s proposal, WRD was officially proclaimed by UN on June 29 2005.
Inspired from: The proposal for a global event to celebrate rivers worldwide was inspired from the success of British Columbia (BC) Rivers Day, which was founded and led by Mark Angelo in western Canada since 1980.
1st Observance: The first WRD was observed in 2005 across various countries.

• To mark the inaugural celebration, there was only one event was organized i.e. a riverside clean-up of the Thompson River in BC, Canada.

2025 WRD Events in India: The Puthenkavu Metropolitan Higher Secondary School National Cadet Corps (NCC) unit organised Pampa River clean-up on the occasion of WRD at Puthenkavu village in Alappuzha district, Kerala.

• The clean-up programme was organised as part of the Puneet Sagar Abhiyan initiative.

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