Current Affairs 10 July 2025

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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Indian Navy Signs Agreement with BEL for NMDA ProjectOn July 8, 2025, Indian Navy(IN) has signed an agreement with Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) for the implementation of National Maritime Domain Awareness (NMDA) Project, with an aim to strengthen maritime and coastal security.

• The agreement was signed in the presence of Vice Admiral Tarun Sobti, Deputy Chief of Naval Staff, and Manoj Jain, Chairman and Managing Director (CMD), BEL.

About NMDA Project:
i.The project will bring in an integrated approach to data collection, analysis and information sharing amongst the various maritime stakeholders.

• Under the project, the existing National Command, Control, Communication and Intelligence (NC3I) Network will be upgraded to NMDA Network along with incorporation of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-enabled software.

ii.As part of the project, the existing Information Management and Analysis Centre (IMAC) at Gurugram(Haryana), which is the nodal centre of NC3I Network, will also be upgraded into a Multi-Agency NMDA Centre hosting representatives from various national agencies.
iii.The project will be executed on ‘Turnkey Basis” and will be administered by the IN.
iv.The NMDA project will link various maritime agencies, coastal states, and Union Territories (UTs) for a unified operational picture of India’s vast coastline and surrounding areas.

• It will also integrate data from sectors such as commercial shipping and fisheries, improving response capabilities to maritime threats, search and rescue missions, and environmental incidents.

About Information Management and Analysis Centre (IMAC):
i.IMCA is the nodal agency for maritime data fusion and coastal surveillance in India. It was established in 2014.
ii.It is a joint initiative of IN, Indian Coast Guard(ICG) and BEL, and functions under the National Security Adviser (NSA).
iii.It tracks vessels on the high seas and gets data from the coastal radars, white shipping agreements, Automatic Identification Systems (AIS) transponders fitted on merchant ships, air and traffic management systems and global shipping databases.
About Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL):
BEL is a government-majority enterprise, with the Government of India(GoI) holding a 51.14% stake in its equity.
Chairman and Managing Director (CMD) – Manoj Jain
Headquarters – Bengaluru, Karnataka
Established – 1954

MIB Launches ‘Kalaa Setu’ Through WaveX to Generate AI-Based Multilingual Content On July 8, 2025, the Ministry of Information & Broadcasting (MIB), through its WaveX Startup Accelerator Platform, launched a nationwide Artificial Intelligence (AI) challenge titled ‘Kalaa Setu – Real-Time Language Tech for Bharat’ for Indian Start-ups.

• The initiative is designed to promote indigenous innovation in multilingual AI-based content generation, adopting AI-based solutions that bridge linguistic divides and ensure last-mile information delivery across the country.

Note: WaveX is the flagship platform under MIB’s WAVES initiative, aimed at fostering innovation in media, entertainment, and language tech.
About Kalaa Setu Challenge:
i.It aims to enhance digital governance by enabling the automated transformation of text-based content into regionally relevant video, infographic, and audio formats to bridge the digital language divide and support inclusive communication.
ii.The challenge invites India’s top AI startups to develop scalable, real-time text-to-video, text-to-graphics, and text-to-audio solutions in multiple Indian languages.
iii.The major focus is to serve Farmers access regional weather alerts, Students in receiving real-time academic updates, and Senior citizens in availing information on healthcare schemes.
iv.The Start-ups must apply under the ‘Kalaa Setu’ category on the WaveX portal: https://wavex.wavesbazaar.com, before July 30, 2025. The applied start-ups should submit a working Minimum Viable Concept (MVC) with a video demo of the product.
v.The winner will secure an Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for full-scale development, pilot support with All India Radio (AIR), Doordarshan (DD), and Press Information Bureau (PIB), plus incubation under WaveX.
About Bhasha Setu Challenge:
i.Alongside Kalaa Setu, the MIB also launched the Bhasha Setu – Real-Time Language Translation Challenge in June 2025, aiming to develop real-time translation tools that support multilingual governance and efficient public outreach.
ii.Start-ups can apply for this challenge until July 22, 2025.
About Ministry of Information & Broadcasting (MIB):
Union Minister- Ashwini Vaishnaw (Rajya Sabha – Odisha)
Minister of State (MoS)- Dr. Loganathan Murugan (Rajya Sabha- Madhya Pradesh, MP)

CEA Notifies Technical Guidelines for AWS in RE ProjectsOn July 8, 2025, the Central Electricity Authority (CEA), Ministry of Power (MoP) issued guidelines for solar and wind power developers to install Automated Weather Stations (AWS) at generation sites for accurate measurement of climatic conditions, a process critical for resource planning and demand forecasting.

• The guidelines released are aimed at improving accuracy of renewable generation forecasts, strengthening grid reliability, and ensuring secure cyber-physical systems at clean energy installations.

Key Highlights of the CEA Guidelines:
i.The guidelines stipulate that all solar and wind power projects with a capacity of 50 Megawatts (MW)or more must install at least one AWS on-site.
ii.They are required to log encrypted weather data at 15-minute intervals, store it for six months, and transmit it securely to national agencies.

• The data stored must be shared with the National and Regional Load Dispatch Centres (NLDC/RLDC), State Load Dispatch Centres (SLDC), and Renewable Energy Management Centres (REMCs)

iii.The AWS must be equipped with Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers for time synchronization and should be capable of encrypting and transmitting data every 15 minutes.
iv.The system should be powered by a solar-powered battery capable of operating for at least 20 days under full load during total cloudy and foggy conditions without requiring solar power.
>>Read Full News

TN Govt, HMIL & IIT Madras Collaborate to Establish Hyundai HTWO Innovation Centre in Chennai
On 9th July 2025, the Government of Tamil Nadu (TN), in collaboration with Hyundai Motor India Limited (HMIL) and Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras), launched the design of the Hyundai HTWO Innovation Centre at IIT Madras’ satellite campus in Thaiyur, near Chennai (Tamil Nadu).

• The project aims to support indigenous hydrogen production and develop refuelling infrastructure for hydrogen-powered vehicles in TN.

i.The Centre will function as a dedicated Research and Development (R&D) hub to develop hydrogen fuel cell technology and is part of Hyundai Motor India Limited’s (HMIL) Rs 100 crore commitment to promote green hydrogen innovation in India.
ii.The investment is partly routed through the Hyundai Motor India Foundation (HMIF) as part of its Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives.
iii.Initial plans include enabling vehicle refuelling routes of TN from Chennai to Kanyakumari, with stations proposed at Chennai, Trichy, and Kanyakumari.

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

17th BRICS Summit Held from July 6–7, 2025 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 17th BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) Summit held under the Chairmanship of Brazil from 6th–7th July 2025 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.’ The summit was hosted by Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.

• The theme for the 2025 BRICS summit was “Strengthening Global South Cooperation for a More Inclusive and Sustainable Governance”, focusing on global governance reform, sustainable development, and economic resilience among the Global South countries.
• Prime Minister(PM ) of India Narendra Modi visited Brazil as part of his five-nation tour to attend the BRICS Summit 2025.

Highlights:
i.The summit welcomed Indonesia as a full member, making it the first Southeast Asian country to join BRICS.
ii.The BRICS leaders fully supported India’s bid to host the 33rd Conference of the Parties (COP 33) of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 2028.
iii.The Women Empowerment (WE) vertical of the New Delhi (Delhi)-based BRICS Chamber of Commerce and Industry (BRICS CCI) launched WE WISE (Women in Innovation, Science and Entrepreneurship) at the BRICS Women Business Alliance (WBA) Annual Plenary Meeting held in Rio de Janeiro.
iv.The summit ended with the adoption of the Rio de Janeiro Declaration, a 31-point document with 126 commitments. It focused on strengthening Global South cooperation, promoting fair global governance, ensuring peace and security, and supporting economic and environmental stability.
>>Read Full News

Bulgaria becomes 21st member to adopt euro after EU green lightOn 8th July 2025, the European Union (EU) ministers granted final approval for Bulgaria to adopt the euro(EUR), making it the 21st country to officially join the eurozone.

• Bulgaria will replace its national currency, Bulgarian Lev, with the euro starting from January 1, 2026.

Background:
i.The European Parliament overwhelmingly endorsed a report confirming that Bulgaria had met all the required criteria for euro adoption, with 531 Member of the European Parliament (MEPs) voting in favour, 69 against, and 79 abstaining
ii.As part of approving the legal framework for Bulgaria’s adoption of the euro, EU finance ministers formally set the conversion rate at 1 euro = 1.95583 Bulgarian lev.
About Euro:
i.The euro is the second most used currency worldwide, with its influence extending far beyond the EU’s borders.
ii.When the first euro banknotes and coins were introduced on January 1, 2002, only 12 countries were part of the euro area.

• Croatia(2023) was the latest country to join the euro area, introducing the euro currency on 1 January 2023.

iii. The euro is the official currency of Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia and Spain.
Conditions to join euro area:
i.To join the euro area, a country must meet specific economic and legal conditions known as the ‘Maastricht convergence criteria’.
ii.The following economic requirements were established by the Maastricht treaty in 1992:

• Low Inflation: The inflation rate must not be more than 1.5% points above the rate of the three best-performing member states.
• Sustainable Public Finances: The country should not be subject to the excessive deficit procedure, i.e. maintain low government debt or reduce high debt to sustainable level.
• Stable exchange rates: The country must have participated in the exchange rate mechanism for at least two years without strong deviations.
• Sustainable interest rate: The long-term interest rate should not be more than 2 percentage points above the rate of the three best-performing member states in terms of price stability.

About Bulgaria:
Prime Minister (PM) – Rosen Dimitrov Zhelyazkov
Capital – Sofia
Currency – Bulgarian Lev(BGN)

Novartis Receives Approval for First Malaria Medicine for Newborn Babies and Young Infants
On July 8, 2025, Novartis, a drug manufacturer, has received approval from Swissmedic, Switzerland’s medical products regulator, for its new malaria drug, ‘Coartem Baby’, also known as Riamet Baby.

• It is developed in collaboration with Medicines for Malaria Venture(MMV) and backed by robust Phase 2/3 data.

i.It is the world’s first-ever malaria treatment, specifically formulated for newborns and infants under 4.5 kilograms (kg).
ii.Coartem Baby offers a sweet cherry-flavoured, dissolved tablet that can be mixed with breast milk, designed for easy administration for tiny infants.
iii.Following this approval, the development, manufacturing, and distribution of the medicine are set to begin in Africa.

ECONOMY & BUSINESS

Yamaha Motor Unveiled New Logo to Commemorate 70 Years of InnovationIn July 2025, Motofumi Shitara President of Japanese auto-mobile company, Yamaha Motor Co. Limited, has unveiled the company’s new corporate logo to commemorate the 70th anniversary of the foundation of Yamaha (in 1955).

• This is the 1st time in 27 years that the company has redesigned its corporate logo.

i.Yamaha’s new corporate logo was designed considering digital applications and uses a flat (2D) Tuning Fork mark for greater visibility.
ii.The logo, designed under ‘Everything begins with a Challenge’ concept, is based on the 1st motor racing number plate used by Yamaha.
iii.The logo, featuring three interlocking tuning forks traditionally used for instrument tuning, symbolizes Yamaha’s commitment to global market development through the harmonious integration of production, sales, and technology.

ACQUISITIONS & MERGERS

CCI Approvals on July 08, 2025On July 08 2025, the Competition Commission of India (CCI), operates under the Ministry of Corporate Affairs(MoCA), has approved the following proposals:
i.The CCI approved the proposal of private equity firm Kedaara Capital Investment Managers Limited to purchase certain stake in SmartShift Logistics Solutions Private Limited, the parent company of on-demand logistics-turned-unicorn ‘Porter’, primarily engaged in business activities, including the provision of logistics services, packing and moving services.

• As per the proposed arrangement, Kedaara Capital will acquire stake in SmartShift Logistics Solutions Private Ltd. (Target) through its two affialiates Kedaara Sapphire Holding and Kedaara Capital Fund IV Alternative Investment Fund (AIF).

ii.The CCI has approved the proposal of 360 ONE Group to acquire select wealth and lending units of  Switzerland-based investment bank UBS AG, a direct 100%-owned subsidiary of UBS Group AG (UBS), through its entities.

• As per the proposed arrangement, 360 ONE Portfolio Managers Limited will buy the portfolio management services business of Credit Suisse Securities (India) Private Limited, a step-down wholly-owned subsidiary of UBS AG.
• While, 360 ONE Distribution Services Limited will acquire the stock broking and financial product distribution services of the same entity.

>>Read Full News

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Indian Navy Successfully Tests Indigenous Anti-Submarine Rocket  ‘ERASR’The Indian Navy (IN) successfully conducted user trials of the Extended Range Anti-Submarine Rocket (ERASR), an indigenous anti-submarine weapon system, from Indian Naval Ship (INS) Kavaratti between 23rd June and 7th July 2025.
What is ERASR?
i.The ERASR is a fully indigenous anti-submarine weapon designed to combat underwater threats.
ii.It is launched from the Indigenous Rocket Launcher (IRL) systems onboard Indian Naval Ships.
iii.ERASR features a twin-rocket motor configuration, enabling it to cover a wide range of distances with high accuracy and consistency.
iv.The system uses an indigenously developed Electronic Time Fuze(ETF), which enhances its performance during operations.
Highlights of the User Trials:
i.A total of 17 ERASR rockets were successfully test-fired at various ranges.
ii.The tests evaluated key performance parameters of the ERASR, including its range capability, the functionality of the ETF, and the effectiveness of the warhead.
iii.All trial objectives were successfully achieved, confirming the operational effectiveness of the system.
Development & Production:
i.ERASR has been designed and developed by Pune (Maharashtra)-based Armament Research & Development Establishment (ARDE), a laboratory under Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Ministry of Defence (MoD), in collaboration with:

• High Energy Materials Research Laboratory (HEMRL)
• Naval Science & Technological Laboratory (NSTL)

ii.The production of ERASR rockets will be undertaken by:

• Bharat Dynamics Limited (BDL)
• Solar Defence and Aerospace Limited (SDAL)

About Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO):
DRDO is the Research and Development (R&D) wing of the Ministry of Defence (MoD), Government of India (GoI).
Chairman – Dr. Samir Vankatpati Kamat
Headquarters – New Delhi
Established – 1958

IN Received 1st Indigenous Developed Diving Support Vessel ‘INS Nistar’ in Visakhapatnam, APIn July 2025, Hindustan Shipyard Limited (HSL), Indian defence Public Sector Undertaking (PSU) under the Ministry of Defence (MoD), delivered Indian Naval Ship (INS) Nistar, 1st indigenously designed and built Diving Support Vessel (DSV) to the Indian Navy (IN) at Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh (AP).

• The new warship is designed and built in accordance with the classification rules of the Indian Register of Shipping (IRS).
• The word ‘Nistar’ originates from Sanskrit and means liberation, rescue or salvation.

About INS Nistar:
i.INS Nistar is highly specialized and capable of undertaking Deep Sea Diving and Rescue Operations.
ii.It is 118 metre (m)-long, 10,000 tonne(t) vessel, equipped with state-of-the-art diving equipment and has the capability to undertake deep sea saturation diving up to 300 m depth.

• The ship also features a side diving stage for undertaking diving operations up to 75 m depth.

iii.It will also serve as the ‘Mother Ship’ for the Deep Submergence Rescue Vessel (DSRV), for rescue and evacuation of personnel, in case of an emergency in a submarine underwater.
iv.It is also equipped with various Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs) to undertake divers monitoring and salvage operations at depths of up to 1,000 m.
v.The new warship Nistar which contains approximately 75% of local content marks another major milestone in the IN’s quest for indigenous construction and is in alignment with the Government of India (GoI)’s vision of ‘Aatmanirbhar Bharat’ and the ‘Make in India’ initiative.
About Hindustan Shipyard Limited (HSL):
Chairman and Managing Director (CMD)–  Commodore (Cmde)Hemant Khatri (Retd.)
Headquarters- Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh (AP)
Established- 1941

SPORTS

India Wins 11 Medals, Finishes 3rd at 2nd Leg of World Boxing Cup 2025 in KazakhstanThe 2nd leg of the 2025 World Boxing Cup was held in Astana, Kazakhstan, from 30 June to 7 July 2025. India won 11 medals (3 Gold, 5 Silver, and 3 Bronze), achieving its best-ever performance at the event and finishing third in the medal tally.

• Kazakhstan topped the medal tally with 16 medals in that 8 Gold Medals, followed by Brazil in second place with 7 medals including 4 Gold.
• The tournament featured participation from over 400 boxers representing 31 countries, competing across 20 weight categories. India was represented by a 20-member team.

i.Sakshi, a two-time World Youth Champion (2022 and 2023), won the Gold medal in the Women’s 54 kilogram (kg) category by defeating Yoseline Perez of the United States of America (USA) in the final.
ii.Jaismine Lamboria, who represented India at the Paris 2024 Olympics, secured the Gold medal in the Women’s 57 kg category with a 4–1 victory over Jucielen Romeu, a two-time Olympian from Brazil.
iii.Nupur Sheoran clinched the Gold medal in the Women’s 80+ kg category after a dominant 5–0 win against Yeldana Talipova of Kazakhstan in the final.
>>Read Full News

OBITUARY

Former UK Cabinet Minister Norman Tebbit Passed AwayOn July 7, 2025, Norman Tebbit, a pivotal cabinet minister under former British Prime Minister (PM) Margaret Thatcher, passed away at the age of 94 in Suffolk, England. He was born on 29 March 1931 in Middlesex, England.

• During his political career, he held several key positions, including Employment Secretary, Trade & Industry Secretary and Conservative Party Chairman in between 1981 and 1987.

About Norman Tebbit:
i.He elected as Member of Parliament (MP) for Epping (1970–1974) and later Chingford (1974–1992).
ii.He served as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Trade (1979–1981) under PM Thatcher, advocating deregulation.
iii.He worked as Secretary of State for Employment from 1981 to 1983. He introduced major reforms to trade union laws, curbing union powers and making strikes more difficult.
iv.From 1983 to 1985, he worked as the Secretary of State for Trade and Industry, where he oversaw the continued privatization of nationalized industries, including British Telecom and British Gas.
v.He served as the Duchy of Lancaster and Conservative Party Chairman from 1985 to 1987. He played a vital role in maintaining party unity during Thatcher’s second term.
vi.He survived the Irish Republican Army (IRA) Brighton bombing at the Grand Hotel in Brighton, England, during the Conservative Party Conference in 1984.
vii.He stepped back from frontline politics in 1987 following Thatcher’s third general election victory and retired from the House of Lords in 2022.
About England:
Prime Minister (PM) – Keir Stammer
Capital – London
Currency – Pound Sterling, GBP

STATE NEWS

Gujarat becomes 1st State in India to Join Cruise Bharat Mission to boost Maritime TourismIn July 2025, Gujarat has become the 1st state in India to formally align with the Cruise Bharat Mission (CBM), a flagship initiative of Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways (MoPSW), aims to promote the tremendous potential of cruise tourism in the country.

• This marks a significant step in Government of India’s(GoI) ambitious drive to establish a competitive cruise tourism ecosystem.
• The objective was to leverage the state’s vast 2,340 kilometer (km) long coastline and navigable rivers like Sabarmati and Narmada, to boost cruise tourism and unlock economic opportunities.

Key Points:
i.To formalize the CBM, the Gujarat Maritime Board (GMB) convened a pivotal stakeholder consultation workshop in May 2025 to draft a comprehensive Cruise Shipping Policy specifically customized to Gujarat’s unique strengths and aspirations in the maritime sector.
ii.As part of the CBM, the state government of Gujarat proposed various potential cruise circuits along its western coast, which include key destinations like: Diu, Veraval, Porbandar, Dwarka, Jamnagar, Okha, and Padala Island, alongside the operational Ghogha-Hazira Ro-Pax (Roll-On/Roll-Off Passenger) service.
iii.These proposed routes have been divided into 3 clusters: Padala Island-Rann of Kutch; Porbandar-Veraval-Diu and Dwarka-Okha-Jamnagar.

• Considering the tourism sector, each cluster is designed to ensure key natural, and cultural destinations are within a 100- km radius, making shore excursions efficient and attractive for cruise passengers.

About Cruise Bharat Mission(CBM):
i.The Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways (MoPSW) launched the initiative on September 30, 2024, at Mumbai Port, Maharashtra.

• It will be implemented in three phases, beginning from 1 October 2024 up to 31 March 2029.
• It aims to boost India’s cruise tourism industry by doubling cruise passenger traffic within 5 years (by 2029).

ii.The mission focuses on 3 different segments: Ocean & Harbour; River & Inland and Island.
iii.It is projected that CBM will result in over 1.5 million river cruise passengers over more than 5,000 kms of Operational Waterways in India and will also generate 4 lakh cruise sector-specific jobs.
About Gujarat:
Chief Minister (CM)–Bhupendra Rajnikant Patel
Governor- Acharya Devvrat
Capital- Gandhinagar
National Parks (NP)- Gir NP, Marine NP

Punjab CM Bhagwant Mann Launches ‘Mukhyamantri Sehat Yojana’ for free treatment up to Rs.10 Lakhs Annually
On July 8, 2025, Bhagwant Mann, Chief Minister (CM) of Punjab, launched the ‘Mukhyamantri Sehat Yojana’ which offers free, cashless medical treatment up to Rs.10 lakh per family annually.

• In its 2025-26 budget, the Government of Punjab allocated Rs.778 Crores for this purpose.

i.Scheduled to commence on October 2, 2025, this program seeks to offer healthcare coverage to all 65 lakh families in the state, ensuring equitable access to medical services for every resident.
ii.This new scheme builds upon the existing Government of India (GoI)’s Ayushman Bharat Yojana(ABY) and Punjab’s Mukh Mantri Sarbat Sehat Bima Yojana, which previously provided Rs.5 lakh coverage.
iii.Under the expanded plan, families already enrolled in these programs will receive an additional Rs.5 lakh top-up, doubling their total coverage.
iv.To ensure seamless access, beneficiaries will be issued ‘Sehat Cards’ that enable cashless treatment at both government and empanelled private hospitals.

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