World Civil Defence Day (WCDD), also known as World Civil Protection Day, is observed annually on March 1 across the globe to raise awareness about civil defence and highlight its crucial role in protecting communities and individuals during emergencies and disasters. This day also honors the efforts and sacrifices of civil defence personnel who have worked tirelessly to safeguard lives.
- 1st March 2025 marks the observance of the 36th WCDD.
- The theme for WCDD 2025, “Civil Defence, Guarantee of Security for the Population”, emphasizes the essential role that civil defence organizations play in safeguarding public security.
Background:
i.WCDD was officially established by the International Civil Defence Organization (ICDO) during the 9th General Assembly on December 18, 1990, at the International Conference Center in Geneva, Switzerland.
- The first-ever WCDD was observed on March 1, 1990, under the guidance of the United Nations (UN).
ii.In 2012, the ICDO further solidified the observance by officially inaugurating Civil Defence Day (CDD).
Why March 1?
i.The date commemorates the adoption of the ICDO Constitution on March 1, 1972.
ii.The ICDO Constitution was adopted earlier on October 17, 1966 and the organization officially became an intergovernmental body on March 1, 1972.
History of ICDO:
i.In 1931 Surgeon-General Georges Saint-Paul established the “Association des Lieux de Genève” in Paris, France, aiming to create neutralized zones or open towns where civilians could seek refuge during wartime and to protect historical monuments and cultural assets. In 1958, the organization was renamed as the ICDO.
ii.In 1972, ICDO was granted the status of an intergovernmental organization, formalizing its role in international civil defence efforts.
Functions of ICDO:
i.Development of Protective Structures: ICDO contributes to the development by states of structures ensuring the protection and assistance of populations.
ii.Safeguarding Property and Environment: It also safeguards property and the environment in the face of natural and man-made disasters.
Note: As of October 2024, ICDO comprises 61 member states, 16 observer states, and 4 affiliated members, reflecting its extensive international reach and commitment to global civil defence.
About International Civil Defence Organisation (ICDO):
Secretary-General (SG) – Njoupouo YAP Mariatou
Headquarters- Geneva, Switzerland
Founded- 1931
