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NATIONAL AFFAIRS
Overview of State Visit of Mohamed Muizzu, President of Maldives, to India: 6-10 October 2024
Dr. Mohamed Muizzu, President of Maldives, visited India from 6th to 10th October 2024, marking a significant milestone in the relationship between India and Maldives. This marks his first official visit as President.
i.Narendra Modi, Prime Minister (PM) of India, and Dr. Mohamed Muizzu met on 7th October 2024 and comprehensively reviewed the entire gamut of bilateral ties.
ii.The Indian government announced that India will undertake the repairs and refit of the Maldives Coast Guard ship (MCGS) Huravee, a patrol vessel which was gifted by India to Maldives in 2006.
About Maldives:
President– Mohamed Muizzu
Capital– Malé
Currency– Maldivian Rufiyaa
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PM Modi lays Foundation Stone for Development Projects worth Rs 7600 crore in Maharashtra
On October 9, 2024, Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi virtually laid the foundation stone for development projects worth over Rs 7,600 crore in Maharashtra.
i.The PM laid the foundation stone of the upgradation of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar International Airport, Nagpur with an estimated cost of Rs 7,000 crore.
ii.He also laid the foundation stone of New Integrated Terminal Building at Shirdi Airport costing over Rs 645 crore.
iii.There will be operationalization of 10 Government Medical Colleges in Maharashtra.
iv.The PM inaugurated the Indian Institute of Skills (IIS) in Mumbai under a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) between Tata Education and Development Trust and Government of India (GoI).
About Maharashtra:
Governor– C. P. Radhakrishnan
Chief Minister (CM)– Eknath Shinde
Airports– Shirdi Airport, Kolhapur Airport
>> Read Full News
WHO declares that India has eliminated Trachoma as a public health problem in 2024
The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared that the Government of India(GoI) has eliminated Trachoma as a public health problem. India received this honor at the 77th Regional Conference of World Health Organization (WHO) South East Asia Region held in New Delhi.
- It has become the 3rd country in the South-East Asia Region after Nepal and Myanmar to secure this milestone.
- Trachoma is an eye disease caused by infection with the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis.
About World Health Organization (WHO):
Director-General(DG) – Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus
Headquarters – Geneva, Switzerland
Founded – 7 April 1948
Member countries – 194 member states
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Coal Production in India Grows 5.85% in FY 2024-25
The Ministry of Coal witnessed an increase in coal production during September 2024, achieving 68.94 Million Ton (MT). This is higher than the 2023 production of 67.26 MT for the same month(September 2023), reflecting a notable growth of 2.49%.
- The cumulative coal production (up to September 2024) has reached 453.01MT (Provisional) in the financial year 2024-2025 (FY 24-25) as compared to 427.97 MT during the same period in FY 23-24, with a growth of 5.85%.
i.The coal dispatch also registered a growth in September 2024, reaching 73.37 MT, compared to 70.31 MT during September 2023, with a growth of 4.35%.
- The Cumulative Coal dispatch (up to September 2024) stood at 487.87 MT (Provisional) in FY 24-25, compared to 462.27 MT during the same period in FY 23-24, with a growth of 5.54%.
ii.The upturn in offtake resulted in a comfortable coal stock position. The total coal stock at the Domestic Coal-Based (DCB) power plants as on 29th September 2024 has recorded remarkable growth reaching at 33.46 MT (provisional) as compared to 22.15 MT as on 29th September 2023, reflecting a growth of 51.07%.
iii.The Ministry of Coal is focusing on enhancing coal production and optimising dispatch to meet India’s increasing energy demands. The upward trajectory in both production and dispatch bolsters energy security and achieves self-sufficiency in the coal supply.
PM Modi inaugurated ‘Lal Tipara Gaushala’, India’s 1st Modern Gaushala with Bio-CNG Plant in Gwalior, MP
On 2nd October 2024 (Swachhta diwas), Prime Minister(PM) Narendra Modi virtually inaugurated the ‘Lal Tipara Gaushala’, India’s first modern and self-reliant Gaushala(cow shelter) with Bio Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) plant in Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh(MP).
- The Gaushala was established over 2 hectares in collaboration with Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL). It was developed at a cost of Rs 32 crore from the Corporate Social Responsibility(CSR) fund of the IOCL.
- The Gwalior Municipal Corporation (GMC), which operates the gaushala, contributed Rs 5 crore towards the plant’s construction.
- The plant can produce 3 tonnes of natural gas per day using 100 tonnes of cow dung. The plant will also produce 20 tonnes of high-quality organic manure
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
India Ranked 105th in Global Hunger Index 2024, Placed under “Serious” Category
According to the 19th edition of ‘Global Hunger Index (GHI 2024): How Gender Justice Can Advance Climate Resilience and Zero Hunger’, India has been ranked at 105th position among 127 countries with an overall score of 27.3. India has improved its ranking by 6 places, from 111th (2023).
- As per the report, India is among 42 countries that have been placed under the “serious” category for hunger levels, alongside Pakistan (109th) and Afghanistan (116th).
Key Points:
i.The 2024 GHI score for the world is 18.3, which is considered moderate, has decreased marginally from the 2016 GHI score of 18.8.
ii.Top 5 worst performing countries: Somalia (127th), Yemen (126th), Chad (125th), Madagascar (124th), Democratic Republic of Congo (123rd).
About Welthungerhilfe (WHH):
It is one of the largest private aid organisations in Germany, without political or religious affiliation.
President- Marlehn Thieme
Headquarters- Bonn, Germany
Established- 1962
>> Read Full News
BANKING & FINANCE
SEBI Changes Nomination Rules for Demat Account, Mutual Fund Investments
The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has changed the nomination rules between Mutual Funds (MF) and Demat Accounts allowing the holders of both instruments to include up to 10 nominees.
- The change was made during the SEBI board meeting held on 30th September 2024 in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
i.The new rules will allow nominees to act on behalf of investors who are unable to do so, with some safeguards in place. The process for transferring assets to nominees will be streamlined, requiring less paperwork.
ii.No rights will be granted to the legal heirs of the deceased nominee and creditors’ claims will take precedence over the transmission of assets to nominees. The non-submission of ‘choice of nomination’ will not lead to freezing of demat accounts and mutual fund folios.
iii.The nomination will be optional for joint demat accounts and for jointly held mutual fund folios. An investor can change the nominee multiple times as there will be no limit on the number of times a nominee can be changed.
iv.The unique identifiers for nominees to be obtained will be either PAN (Permanent Account Number), Passport number or Aadhar.
AWARDS & RECOGNITIONS
Japanese NGO Nihon Hidankyo Won the Nobel Peace Prize 2024
Japanese Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) Nihon Hidankyo, a grassroots movement of Hibakusha- the atomic bomb survivors from Hiroshima and Nagasaki, has been awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for 2024 by the Norwegian Nobel Committee in Oslo, Norway.
- The award recognised their efforts to achieve a world free of nuclear weapons and for demonstrating through witness testimony that nuclear weapons must never be used again.
- Prize Amount: 11 million Swedish Kronor.
Note: The Nobel Peace Prize is awarded on the day of Alfred Nobel’s death, the 10th of December, a time-honoured tradition since 1901.
>> Read Full News
Fortune Released the 2024 100 Most Powerful Women in Business ; Topped by Mary Barra
On 2nd October 2024, Fortune, an American global business magazine, released the latest list of ‘2024 100 Most Powerful Women (MPW) in Business’, which has featured 100 leading business women across various sectors of business such as: finance, technology, health care, telecommunication, retail, energy, and other industries.
- It is the 27th edition of the Fortune MPW in business, and has featured women from 6 continents, 19 countries and territories, and 14 different industries.
i.Mary Barra, Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the United States of America (USA)-based General Motors (GM) has topped the 2024 MPW in Business list and has featured on the list for the 13th time.
ii.As per the latest rankings, Karen S. Lynch, President and CEO of Customer Value Store (CVS) Health Corporation, a leading health solution company in the USA, has been ranked at 2nd position globally, followed by Jane Fraser, CEO of Citigroup Inc., a multinational investment bank and financial services company based in the New York City, the USA, Julie Sweet, Chair and CEO of Accenture Plc (the USA) ranked at 3rd and 4th position respectively.
About Fortune Magazine:
Chief Executive Officer (CEO)- Anastasia Nyrkovskaya
Headquarters- New York City, the United States of America (USA)
Established- 1929
>> Read Full News
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
PSLV-37 Upper Stage Makes Safe Re-Entry after 8 Years in Earth’s Atmosphere
The successful re-entry of Indian Space Research Organization’s (ISRO) upper stage of the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle C-37 (PSLV C-37) into Earth’s atmosphere was made on October 6, 2024.
- This marks a significant milestone in ISRO’s efforts and aim to achieve a Debris Free Space Mission (DFSM) by 2030 through ongoing proactive measures.
- Space debris consists of defunct human-made objects in Earth’s orbit, including non-functional satellites, spent rocket stages, and fragments from satellite collisions.
Key Points:
i.The orbital altitude had decayed to 134×148 km, and re-entry occurred at the North Atlantic Ocean.
ii.The re-entry within eight years aligns with international debris mitigation guidelines of Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee (IADC) specifically limiting the post-mission lifespan of defunct objects in Low-Earth orbit (LEO) to 25 years.
iii.ISRO is actively working to reduce the residual orbital lifetime of PSLV upper stages to 5 years or less through controlled de-orbiting techniques.
- Future PSLV missions will include planned controlled re-entries for upper stage disposal.
Background:
i.PSLV-C37, launched on 15th February 2017, set a record by deploying 104 satellites, including the primary payload Cartosat-2D and 103 co-passengers.
ii.After completing its mission, the upper stage was left in an orbit of approximately 470×494 km, where it was tracked by ISRO and the Colorado, United Stated (US)-based US Space Command (USSPACECOM).
HAL delivers first AL-31FP aero engine to IAF for Su-30MKI aircraft
Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) handed over the first AL-31FP Aero Engine manufactured under a 240-engine contract to the Indian Air Force(IAF) at Koraput, Odisha in the presence of Sanjeev Kumar, Secretary (Defence Production), Ministry of Defence(MoD) and Dr D K Sunil, Chairman and Managing Director (CMD) of HAL.
- The MoD signed a Rs.26,000 crore contract with HAL for 240 AL-31FP Aero Engines for Su-30MKI aircraft in September 2024 and these engines would be delivered in 8 years.
- This highlights HAL’s aero engine manufacturing competency and dedication to supporting the Su-30MKI fleet of IAF.
- Sukhoi Engine Division, Koraput, was created by HAL to manufacture engines of Su-30MKI aircraft from the raw material stage to the final engine.
SPORTS
Indian Olympian Gymnast Dipa Karmakar Announces Retirement 
On 7th October 2024, Dipa Karmakar, India’s first female gymnastics Olympian, announced her retirement from professional competition at the age of 31. She had a career of 25 years in this professional sport.
About Dipa Karmakar:
i.Dipa Karmakar won a bronze medal at the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow, the United Kingdom (UK), becoming the first Indian female gymnast to do so in the Commonwealth Games.
ii.She also won a bronze at the Asian Championships and secured the 5th spot at the 2015 World Championships at Glasgow both of which were the first time for any Indian athlete.
iii.Dipa represented India in the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil becoming the 1st Indian female gymnast ever to compete in the Olympics. She secured 4th place in the vault.
- She was also the first Indian gymnast in any discipline to compete at the Olympics since the 1964 Summer Olympics.
- At 2016 Olympic games, She became the 5th woman in gymnastics history to successfully execute the challenging Produnova vault.
iv.She won the gold medal at the 2018 Artistic Gymnastics World Cup in Türkiye, becoming the 1st Indian gymnast to secure a gold medal at a global event.
- In 2018, she also won the bronze at the Artistic Gymnastics World Cup in Cottbus, Germany.
v.In 2021, Dipa won a gold medal at the Asian Gymnastics Championships in Tashkent, Uzbekistan.
vi.In 2024, she won a gold in Vault at the Asian Women’s Artistic Gymnastics Championships 2024 in Tashkent, Uzbekistan becoming the first Indian to secure a top podium at the continental level.
Awards: The government of India(GoI) has honoured her with Padma Shri (Sports) in 2017; Arjuna Award (Gymnastics) in 2015 and Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award in 2016.
IMPORTANT DAYS
International Coffee Day 2024- October 1
International Coffee Day (ICD), is annually observed across the globe on October 1, to honor coffee and the people behind it.
- It is an initiative by the International Coffee Organization (ICO), aimed at recognizing the hard work of people in the coffee industry, including farmers, roasters, baristas, and coffee shop owners.
- The 2024 Theme of International Coffee Day is, “Coffee: your daily ritual, our shared journey.”
Background:
i.In March 2014, the member states of the ICO agreed to observe International Coffee Day(ICD) on 1 October of every year to create a single day of celebration for coffee lovers around the world.
ii.The first ever ICD was observed on 1 October 2015 by 74 member states of the ICO and 26 coffee associations from around the world.
About the International Coffee Organization (ICO):
Executive Director(ED) – Vanúsia Nogueira
Headquarters – London, the United Kingdom(UK)
Established – 1963
>> Read Full News
World Vegetarian Day 2024- October 1
World Vegetarian Day (WVD) is annually celebrated across the globe on October 1 to encourage people to enjoy vegetarian food and highlights the benefits of living a vegetarian lifestyle.
- World Vegetarian Day also marks the beginning of Vegetarian Awareness Month, which runs from October 1 to November 1 (World Vegan Day).
- The World Vegetarian Day (WVD) was started in 1977 by the North American Vegetarian Society (NAVS) and later it was endorsed by the International Vegetarian Union (IVU) in 1978.
70th Wildlife Week – 2nd to 8th October 2024
Wildlife Week is annually observed across India from 2nd to 8th of October to raise awareness about the importance of wildlife conservation and protecting India’s rich biodiversity.
- The year 2024 marks the observance of the 70th Wildlife Week in India.
- The theme of Wildlife Week 2024 is “Wildlife Conservation through Coexistence”.
Background:
i.Wildlife Week was conceptualised in 1952 when the Government of India constituted an advisory body designated as the Indian Board for Wildlife (IBWL).
ii.The first Wildlife Week was observed in 1957.
>> Read Full News
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