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NATIONAL AFFAIRS
Cabinet Approvals on 3rd October 2024
On 3rd October 2024, the Union Cabinet chaired by Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi approved the following,
- Modified Productivity Linked Reward (PLR) Scheme for the major ports and dock labour Board employees/workers from 2020-21 to 2025-26.
- The Pradhan Mantri Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (PM-RKVY) to promote sustainable agriculture and the Krishonnati Yojana (KY) to achieve food security for self-sufficiency.
- India to Join the International Energy Efficiency Hub by signing the Letter of Intent(LoI).
- Conferring the status of Classical Language to Marathi, Pali, Prakrit, Assamese and Bengali languages.
- Chennai Metro Rail Project Phase II comprises three corridors.
- Productivity Linked Bonus (PLB) for 78 days to railway employees.
- the National Mission on Edible Oils – Oilseeds (NMEO-Oilseeds) for 2024-25 to 2030-31.
- Creation of a post of the Presiding Officer for the Special Tribunal (full time) at Talcher, Odisha under the Coal Bearing Areas (Acquisition & Development) Act, 1957.
Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission Completes a Transformative 3-Year Journey towards Enabling Digital Health
On 27th September 2024, the Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM), a key component of Ayushman Bharat (AB), a flagship scheme of Government of India (GoI), which emerged from the National Health Policy 2017, successfully completed 3 years of implementation.
- It was launched by Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi on 27th September, 2021 with the objective to revolutionize the country’s digital healthcare ecosystem to enhance healthcare accessibility, efficiency, and transparency.
i.So far, more than 67 crore ABHA have been created. These ABHAs aimed to provide citizens with unique digital health IDs for secure access and sharing of health records.
- Also, over 42 crore health records have been linked to ABHA, which enable for seamless access to medical histories and enhancing healthcare delivery.
ii.On 30th September 2024, Kohima (Nagaland)-based Naga Hospital Authority Kohima (NHAK) has been recognised as the best performing hospital in Kohima district under the Ayushman Bharat Pradan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB PM-JAY) during a program commemorating the 6th anniversary of PM-JAY and the 3rd anniversary of ABDM at the Conference Hall, Office of the Deputy Commissioner (DC) in Kohima district, Nagaland.
About National Health Authority (NHA):
It is the apex body responsible for implementing GoI’s flagship scheme called AB PM-JAY. It is the successor of the National Health Agency, which has been functioning as a registered society since 23rd May, 2018. Later, the National Health Agency was reconstituted as NHA on 2nd January, 2019.
Chief Executive Officer (CEO)- LS Changsan
Headquarters- New Delhi, Delhi
>> Read Full News
Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh Announced Establishment of 4 Thematic Hubs & Technical Groups for NQM
On 30th September 2024, Union Minister of State (MoS) (Independent Charge, IC) Dr. Jitendra Singh, Ministry for Science & Technology (MoS&T) announced the establishment of Thematic Hubs (T-Hubs) and Technical Groups for National Quantum Mission (NQM) via video conferencing at a ceremony held in New Delhi, Delhi.
i.It include the establishment of 4 T-Hubs comprising of 14 Technical Groups (17 Project Teams) across 17 states and 2 Union Territories (UTs) in India.
ii.These hubs will bring together a total of 152 researchers from 43 institutions which further include 31 institutes of national importance, 8 research laboratories, 1 university and 3 private institutes across India.
iii.The MoS&T also launched ‘Bharat Gen’, an pioneering initiative in generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) designed to revolutionalize public service delivery and boost citizen engagement.
- This initiative marks the world’s 1st government-funded Multimodal Large Language Modal (LLM) project which aimed to create efficient and inclusive AI in Indian languages.
About Ministry of Science & Technology (MoS&T):
Union Minister of State (MoS)- Dr. Jitendra Singh (Constituency- Udhampur, Jammu & Kashmir, J&K)
>> Read Full News
Union Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw attends 40th RPF Raising Day Parade at Nashik
On 4th October 2024, Union Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw, Ministry of Railways, attended the 40th Raising Day Parade of the Railway Protection Force (RPF) at the Zonal Training Centre in Nashik, Maharashtra.
- As the Chief Guest, he honored 33 RPF personnel with Police Medals for Meritorious Service and Jeevan Raksha Medals for their courageous efforts in saving passengers’ lives during 2023 and 2024.
Key Points:
i.The minister announced Rs 35 crore grant for upgrading and modernizing RPF Zonal Training Centres, focusing on facilities for women.
ii.An additional Rs 5.5 crore was allocated for enhancing training infrastructure at the RPF Dog Squad Zonal Training Centre in Tamil Nadu (TN).
iii.The launch of Hindi edition of the ‘Sangyaan’ mobile app was also made to improve communication within the force.
iv.He also released Hindi version of reference books on three newly enacted criminal laws to enhance the legal knowledge of RPF personnel.
RPF Raising Day:
i.RPF Raising Day is annualy observed on 20th September to commemorate the day on which RPF was given the status of Armed Force of the Union.
ii.The RPF was established under the RPF Act of 1957, which was amended significantly by the Railway Protection Force (Amendment) Act in 1985, formalizing the creation of the RPF in 1985.
- 20th September 2024 marks the observance of the 40th Raising Day of RPF.
iii.The RPF Raising Day Parade reaffirming their commitment to public service and fostering community spirit.
Participants:
Manoj Yadava, Director General RPF; Dharam Veer Meena, General Manager, Central Railway, Divisional Railway Manager, Bhusaval Division and other Senior Officers.
About Railway Protection Force (RPF):
RPF is an armed force under the Ministry of Railways.
Director General– Manoj Yadava
Headquarters- New Delhi, Delhi
MeitY & MCTE Partners to Foster Innovation & Technological Advancements for Defence Applications
The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) and Indore(Madhya Pradesh, MP) based Military College of Telecommunications Engineering (MCTE) have partnered to foster innovation and drive technological advancements for defence applications.
- Under the Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative, the Research and Development (R&D) organisations of MeitY have handed over indigenously developed products to MCTE for military use.
i.This partnership aims to strengthen collaborative efforts for joint R&D in areas like Artificial Intelligence (AI), Quantum, Chip Design, Fifth Generation(5G) & beyond, strategic electronics and communications etc.
ii.This will accelerate the adoption of advanced technologies to meet the evolving needs and challenges faced by the Indian Army(IA).
iii.This partnership will also provide a platform for Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) through an incubation ecosystem, promoting cross-pollination of ideas and technologies.
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
Highlights of Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman Visit to Uzbekistan
i.From September 24-28, 2024, the Union Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, Ministry of Finance was on an official visit to Uzbekistan to attend the 9th Annual Meeting of Board of Governors of Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) in Samarkand, Uzbekistan.
ii.She led the Indian delegation of officials from the Ministry of Finance.
iii.She also held important bilateral meetings with her counterparts from Uzbekistan, Qatar, China, and AIIB President, Jin Liqun.
iv.On 25-26 September 2024, the 9th AIIB Board of Governors Meeting was held on the theme “Building Resilient Infrastructure for All” which attended by the Union Minister Nirmala Sitharaman as the Indian Governor to the AIIB.
About Uzbekistan:
Prime Minister– Abdulla Aripov
Capital– Tashkent
Currency– Uzbekistani Som
>> Read Full News
BANKING & FINANCE
ADB approves USD 162 mn loan for sustainable tourism development in Himachal Pradesh
On 3rd October 2024, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) approved a USD 162 million loan to support sustainable and inclusive tourism development projects in Himachal Pradesh(HP).
- This project aims to improve district-level tourism management and to develop destination plans and tourist sites in HP.
Key Points:
i.The project will promote heritage and cultural centres, restoring the castle, beautification of public spaces, construction of convention centres and facilities in the districts of Mandi, Hamirpur, Kullu, Hamirpur, and Kangra.
ii.By improving and maintaining heritage and cultural sites, building new infrastructure, and strengthening the tourism industry, this project will increase the state’s potential for tourism.
iii.These enhancements will incorporate environmentally friendly solutions, such as solar lighting and electric vehicles, ensuring accessibility for the elderly, women, children, and individuals with disabilities.
iv.ADB will help strengthen the institutional capacity of the Himachal Pradesh Tourism Development Board to develop a tourism strategy and marketing plan.
About Himachal Pradesh (HP):
Chief Minister(CM)– Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu
Governor– Shiv Pratap Shukla
National Parks– Inderkilla National Park, Khirganga National Park
Wildlife Sanctuaries– Dhauladhar Wildlife Sanctuary, Kanwar Wildlife Sanctuary
CBDT Released New Guidelines for Handling Delayed Tax Refund Claims
On 1st October 2024, the Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) under the Department of Revenue (DoR), Ministry of Finance (MoF) has released new guidelines for handling delays in submitting Income Tax Returns (ITR) that include claims for refunds on carrying forward losses under Section 119 (2) (b) of the Income-Tax (IT) Act, 1961.
- These new guidelines supersede any previous guidelines or instructions that were in place.
i.CBDT has introduced a 3-tier system for processing applications based on claim amounts.
ii.As per the new guidelines, the time limit for filing such application within 5 years from the end of assessment year and will be applicable for applications on or after 1st October, 2024.
iii.The concerned authorities are expected to process these applications within a time period of 6 months of receipt.
About Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT):
Chairman – Ravi Agrawal
Headquarter – New Delhi, Delhi
Established – 1963
>> Read Full News
SEBI Introduced New Regulations for InvITs and REITs to Boost Liquidity and Ease Business Compliance
On 26th September 2024, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has introduced certain amendments in the “ SEBI (Infrastructure Investment Trusts) Regulations, 2014, and in the “ SEBI (Real Estate Investment Trusts) Regulations, 2014” in exercise of powers given under section 30 read with sections 11 and 12 of the SEBI Act, 1992 (15 of 1992).
i.The most significant change introduced by the SEBI for InvITs is that it has reduced the trading lot size of privately placed Infrastructure Investment Trusts (InvITs) to Rs 25 lakh. This move aims to boost investors’ participation and increase liquidity of such investment vehicles.
ii.As per new regulations, SEBI has fixed the timeline for undertaking distributions to unit holders by Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) and InvITs to 5 working days from the record date.
About Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI):
SEBI is the apex regulatory body for securities and commodity market in India. It was initially established as non-statutory body in April 1988. Later, SEBI was accorded the status of statutory body through SEBI Act, 1992 on 30th January, 1992.
Chairman- Madhabi Puri Buch
Headquarters– Mumbai, Maharashtra
>> Read Full News
SATYA Micro Capital Secures Rs 1000 Mn from Mizuho Bank, Empowering Women Entrepreneurs
New Delhi (Delhi) based-SATYA Micro Capital Limited, a Non-Banking Financial Company-Microfinance Institution(NBFC–MFI), has successfully raised Rs 100 Crore from Tokyo(Japan) based Mizuho Bank Limited, a subsidiary of Mizuho Financial Group, Inc.,.
- SATYA has been backed by Mizuho Bank for the first time, expanding its lender base.
- The infusion of debt funding will enable SATYA to scale up its operational model, develop innovative credit offerings, expand its product portfolio, and provide comprehensive business processes for its clients.
- This will also advance financial inclusion among micro-entrepreneurs and contribute to women’s empowerment through microfinance.
AWARDS & RECOGNITIONS
American biologists Victor Ambros & Gary Ruvkun wins Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2024
Victor Ambros, an American developmental biologist, and Gary Bruce Ruvkun, an American molecular biologist, were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2024 by the Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- They were honoured “for the discovery of microRNA and its role in post-transcriptional gene regulation”.
- The award was announced by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences on 7th October 2024.
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
DRDO Successfully Flight-Tests 4th Generation VSHORADS in Rajasthan
On 3rd and 4th October 2024, the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully conducted three flight tests of the advanced 4th Generation technically-advanced miniaturised Very Short Range Air Defence System (VSHORADS) at the Pokhran Field Firing Ranges in Rajasthan, demonstrating its capabilities against high-speed targets.
- The test was done from a ground based portable launcher.
- The development trials demonstrated the weapon system’s reliable hit-to-kill capability across various target engagement scenarios, including approaching, receding, and crossing modes.
Key Points:
i.The VSHORADS missiles are fully developed, with two production agencies engaged as Development cum Production Partners (DcPP).
ii.Successful trials using missiles from DcPPs set the stage for early user trials and production, aligning with the vision of ‘Aatmanirbhar Bharat.’
iii.The VSHORADS, designed as a Man Portable Air Defence System, was developed by Hyderabad, Telangana based Research Centre Imarat (RCI) in collaboration with other DRDO labs. These are fully digital and heat-seeking. It has a a strike range up to 6 km.
About Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO):
DRDO is a Research and Development (R&D) wing of the Ministry of Defence (MoD).
Chairman– Dr Samir V Kamat
Headquarters– New Delhi, Delhi
Established– 1958
DRDO & IIT Delhi develop ABHED Light Weight Bullet Proof Jackets
Defence Research & Development Organisation (DRDO) in partnership with researchers from the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, New Delhi(Delhi), has developed ‘ABHED (Advanced Ballistics for High Energy Defeat)’, a Light Weight Bullet Proof Jacket
- ABHED was developed at the DRDO Industry Academia Centre of Excellence (DIA-CoE) at IIT Delhi.
Features:
i.It is made of polymers and indigenous boron carbide ceramic material. The armour plates for the jackets have passed all necessary Research and Development (R&D) trials as per the protocols.
ii.Its design is based on the characterisation of various materials at high strain rates followed by appropriate modelling and simulation in collaboration with DRDO.
iii.The jackets meet the highest threat levels and provide 360-degree protection with front & rear armour.
iv.The jacket weighs 8.2 kilograms (kgs) and 9.5 kgs for different Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) Levels.
- These are lighter than the maximum weight limits stipulated in the respective General Staff Qualitative Requirements of the Indian Army.
Note: The DIA-CoE was formed by modifying Joint Advanced Technology Center of DRDO at IIT Delhi in 2022 to involve Industry and Academia for defence Research and Development(R&D).
Iran Unveils Powerful Suicide Drone ‘Shahed-136B’
Iran, for the first time, showcased “Shahed 136B”, a one-way attack drone which is also known as a ‘kamikaze’ drone or ‘suicide’ drones , and “Jihad”, a single-stage liquid-fuel ballistic missile, at the Armed Forces military parade held in September 2024, marking the anniversary of the start of the 1980-88 war with Iraq.
i.Shahed 136B, the latest Iran-made drone, is an upgraded version of the Shahed-136, with new features and an operational range of more than 4,000 kilometres(Km).
ii.Jihad is a ballistic missile with a high-explosive detachable warhead and a range of 1,000 km. The missile was designed and manufactured by the aerospace arm of Iran’s Revolutionary Guards.
IMPORTANT DAYS
International Translation Day 2024 – September 30
The United Nations (UN)’s International Translation Day (ITD) is annually observed across the globe on 30th September to honour the efforts of language professionals, whose work is crucial in uniting nations, fostering communication, understanding, cooperation, aiding development, and enhancing global peace and security.
- The theme of ITD 2024 is “Translation, an art worth protecting: Moral and Material rights for Indigenous Languages”.
Background:
i.International Translation Day was first observed in 1991 by FIT.
ii.On 24th May 2017, the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) in its 71st session adopted the resolution A/RES/71/288 and declared 30th September of every year as International Translation Day.
iii.The first ever UN recognised ITD was observed on 30th September 2017.
About International Federation of Translators (FIT):
President– Alison Rodriguez
Secretary-General– Alexandra Jantscher
Headquarters– Paris, France
Established– 1953
>> Read Full News
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