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NATIONAL AFFAIRS
Cabinet Approvals on 18th September 2024 
On 18th September 2024, the Union Cabinet chaired by the Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi has approved the following:
- Recommendations of High-Level Committee on Simultaneous Elections.
- Bio-RIDE scheme to support cutting-edge research and development in Biotechnology.
- Pradhan Mantri Janjatiya Unnat Gram Abhiyan with a total outlay of Rs.79,156 crore for 5 years.
- Continuation of schemes of Pradhan Mantri Annadata Aay SanraksHan Abhiyan (PM-AASHA).
- Chandrayaan-4 to develop and demonstrate the technologies to come back to Earth after successfully landing on the Moon.
- Development of Venus Orbiter Mission (VOM) for exploring and studying Venus.
India-Denmark Strengthen Maritime Ties with Focus on Green Shipping, Digitalization and Sustainable Development
On 18th September 2024, India and Denmark signed an extended Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on maritime issues. Under the India-Denmark Green Strategic Partnership, the collaboration between India and Denmark has been expanded across key areas like Quality shipping, Cooperation on Port State Control, Maritime training and education, research and development, Piracy, Green maritime technology, shipbuilding and green shipping.
Signatories:
The extended MoU was signed by Union Minister Sarbananda Sonowal, Ministry of Ports, Shipping & Waterways (MoPS&W), India and Morten Bødskov, Ministry for Industry, Business and Financial Affairs of Denmark in New Delhi, Delhi.
Background:
i.The MoU between India and Denmark was originally signed in 2019 and was later revised in 2022. Now, scope of the MoU has been expanded by inserting a dedicated clause for the establishment of a Centre of Excellence (CoE) in India.
ii.This collaboration has been furthered by the efforts of some of key Danish dignitaries, including, Freddy Svane, Ambassador of Denmark; Brian Wessel, Deputy Permanent Secretary for Legal and International Affairs (Denmark); among others.
Significance:
i.The extension of MoU on maritime issues reflects the commitment to strengthening expertise in green maritime technologies and fostering knowledge exchange between the two countries.
ii.The extension of Denmark expertise in port digitalization, automation, and cyber security will play an important role in India’s ambition to become a global leader in smart ports.
- Also, both countries are exploring opportunities in maritime training, including upgrading Indian seafarer programs to meet global standards.
Key Points:
i.Both nations are focusing on decarbonization efforts, with joint projects aimed to develop hydrogen and ammonia-based fuels for ships, supporting India’s Maritime Amrit Kaal Vision 2047 to decarbonize its ports.
- Denamrk’s success in offshore wind energy will further help in advancing renewable energy solutions for Indian ports.
ii.As part of the Joint Action Plan on Green Strategic Partnership (2021-26), both India and Denmark agreed to continue their collaboration on port modernization, maritime digitalization, green fuel development, and advanced seafarer training.
- This strategic partnership between India and Denmark is expected to boost global innovation and sustainability in the maritime sector.
Additional info: Denmark, recognized globally for its sustainable maritime technologies, has played a pivotal by sharing its expertise in green and digital solutions, which is in alignment with India’s goals under the Sagarmala initiative and the Maritime India Vision 2030.
About Denmark:
Prime Minister- Mette Frederiksen
Capital- Copenhagen
Currency- Danish Krone
Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman Launched NPS Vatsalya, Pension Scheme for Minors in New Delhi
On 18th September 2024, Union Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, Ministry of Finance (MoF) launched ‘National Pension System Vatsalya(NPS Vatsalya)’, a savings-cum-pension scheme for minors in New Delhi, Delhi.
- The NPS Vatsalya will enable parents and guardians to save their children’s future by investing in a pension account.
- The minimum amount required to open the Vatsalya account is Rs 1,000 and thereafter, subscribers will have to contribute Rs 1,000 per annum.
Key Points:
i.The launch of scheme was simultaneously organised at 75 locations across the country, with distribution of more than 250 Permanent Retirement Account Number (PRAN) to minor subscribers.
ii.During the event, Union Finance Minister launched an online platform for subscribing to NPS Vatsalya along with that she also released the scheme brochure, detailing the features of the scheme.
About the Ministry of Finance (MoF):
Union Minister- Nirmala Sitharaman (Rajya Sabha- Karnataka)
Minister of State (MoS)- Pankaj Chaudhary (Constituency- Maharajganj, Uttar Pradesh, UP)
>> Read Full News
DAE Gives Approval To ASHVINI For Building Nuclear Plants ; transfers Mahi Banswara project in Rajasthan
The Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), Government of India (GoI) has approved the transfer of 4×700 Megawatt electric (MWe) Mahi Banswara Rajasthan Atomic Power Project (MBRAPP) at Mahi Banswara in Rajasthan, based on indigenous Pressurised Heavy Water Reactors (PHWR) technology, from Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited (NPCIL) to Anushakti Vidhyut Nigam Limited (ASHVINI).
- ASHVINI is a Joint Venture (JV) between the NPCIL(51%) and NTPC Limited, formerly known as National Thermal Power Corporation(49%).
Key Points:
i.ASHVINI has been authorised to build, own, and operate nuclear power plants in India under the existing legislative framework.
ii.This JV will combine the financial and technical resources for the rapid growth of nuclear power capacity in India in order to meet the Net Zero targets by 2070.
- India has set ambitious targets to increase its nuclear power capacity from the existing 8,180 MW to 22,800 MW by 2031-32.
iii.It enables adequate financing for India’s fast nuclear power capacity development. In addition to MBRAPP, ASHVINI plans to pursue other nuclear power projects across India.
iv.It has also approved an exemption for NPCIL to invest more than Rs 500 crore and an exemption for NTPC to invest more than Rs 5,000 crore in a single JV or subsidiary.
About the Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited (NPCIL):
Chairman and Managing Director (CMD) – Bhuwan Chandra Pathak
Headquarters – Mumbai, Maharashtra
Established – 1987
About the NTPC Limited:
Chairman and Managing Director (CMD) – Gurdeep Singh
Headquarters – New Delhi, Delhi
Established – 1975
Union Minister Rajiv Ranjan Singh Launches ‘Amrit Catla’ at ICAR-CIFA, Bhubaneswar
Union Minister Rajiv Ranjan Singh (Lalan Singh), Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying (MoFAHD) has launched ‘Amrit Catla’, a new genetically improved variety of the freshwater fish Catla (Labeo catla) at the Indian Council of Agricultural Research -Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture (ICAR-CIFA), Bhubaneswar, Odisha.
i.The Amrit Catla was given to Uttara(Odisha) based National Freshwater Fish Brood Bank (NFFBB) of the National Fisheries Development Board (NFDB), ensuring its wider availability and distribution to farmers across India.
ii.ICAR-CIFA initiated a selective breeding effort in 2010 to increase Catla body weight at harvest, addressing the demand for high-quality fish seed.
iii.The initiative collected nine Catla strains from West Bengal (WB), Bihar, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh (AP), and Uttar Pradesh (UP).
iv.The Amrit Catla project was recognized nationally with the Best Technology Award at the 96th ICAR Foundation and Technology Day on July 16, 2024, and was formally trademarked as ‘CIFA-Amrit Catla’ on August 1, 2024.
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
India Becomes 6th Largest Market in MSCI ACWI, Tops Emerging Market List
India has become the 6th largest market in the Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) All Country World Investable Market Index (ACWI IMI), surpassing China and just marginally behind France. Also, for the 1st time, India has surpassed China to become the largest weighting in the MSCI Emerging Market Investable Market Index (EM IMI).
i.The combined weight of India’s domestic stocks, as part of the MSCI EM IMI Index stood at 22.7% compared to 21.58% of China.
ii.As of 31st August 2024, India’s weight in the MSCI ACWI IMI stood at 2.35%, 11 basis points (bps) higher than China’s 2.24%.
- While, France MSCI AWI IMI is just 3 bps higher than India i.e. 2.38%.
About MSCI Inc.:
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (CEO)- Henry A. Fernandez
Headquarters- New York, the United States of America (USA)
Established- 1986
>> Read Full News
SIDM Signs 2 MoUs on Defence Industry Cooperation with EDCC & EDGE Group of UAE
On September 18 2024, the Society of Indian Defence Manufacturers (SIDM), India’s only Defence Industry association signed 2 Memorandums of Understanding (MoUs) on Defence Industry Cooperation with the Emirates Defence Companies Council (EDCC), and EDGE Group of the United Arab Emirates (UAE), one of the world’s leading advanced technology groups, to enhance defence cooperation.
- This occurred during the inaugural India-UAE Defence Industries Cooperation Forum, co-organised by the EDCC and the SIDM, in Abu Dhabi, the UAE.
- The forum, organised by the Embassy of India under the aegis of the Ministry of Defence (MoD), in coordination with the UAE MoD, brought together the defence industries of both nations.
Note: The EDCC, the national representative body for the UAE Defense industry was founded as an initiative supported by the UAE MoD and Tawazun Council.
Key People:
- Muammar Abdulla Abushehab, Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Tawazun Council; Sunjay Sudhir, the Indian Ambassador to the UAE; Hamad Al Marar, Managing Director (MD )and CEO of EDGE Group; Mona Ahmed Al Jaber, Chairwoman of the EDCC, and Ashis Bhattacharyya, Principal Advisor (PA) of SIDM.
- The Indian delegation comprised officials from the Department of Defence Production (DDP), MoD, along with 50 defence industry representatives from over 25 private and public sector companies.
Scope of Cooperation:
i.The MoUs aim to strengthen cooperation in key areas such as defence industries, technology transfer, and joint projects between UAE and Indian companies
ii.The MoUs are expected to facilitate collaboration in areas such as:
- Joint development of unmanned systems;
- Co-production of next-generation platforms; and
- Exploration of critical minerals in third countries.
iii.The collaboration could boost the defence manufacturing sectors in both countries, contributing to economic growth and diversification.
About the Partnership:
i.The India-UAE defence relationship has significantly deepened since 2014, bolstered by high-level exchanges, joint exercises, and strategic dialogues.
- Existing agreements, such as the 2003 Defence Cooperation Agreement (DCA) and the 2011 Security Cooperation Agreement, have laid a strong foundation for this expanding partnership.
ii.This partnership aligns with India’s involvement in the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC), potentially enhancing India’s strategic position in the region.
About the Society of Indian Defence Manufacturers (SIDM):
President– Rajinder Singh Bhatia
Headquarters– New Delhi, Delhi
Established – 2017
IRF’s 2024 State of the Rhino Report : Greater one-horned Rhinos among most vulnerable to Climate Change
According to the report titled ‘2024 State of the Rhino’ by the International Rhino Foundation (IRF), the Greater one-horned rhino (Rhinoceros unicornis) could be potentially affected severely by climate change, as stronger monsoon seasons and limited space and resources cause habitat disruption and increase the threat of human-wildlife conflict.
- This annual report provides current population estimates and trends, as well as key challenges and conservation developments for the 5 surviving rhino species in Africa and Asia.
Currently, fewer than 28,000 rhinos remain worldwide across all 5 species, namely the White rhino, Black rhino, Javan rhino, Sumatran rhino, and the Greater one-horned rhino.
Note: The White and Black rhinos are the African Rhino species and the Javan, Sumatran, and the Greater one-horned rhinos are the Asian Rhino species.
Key Highlights of the Report:
i.Rhino poaching in Africa rose 4% from 2022 to 2023, with 586 rhinos killed in 2023 (1 every 15 hours).
ii.While thriving in several regions, the total black rhino population declined slightly over the last year due to heavy poaching in Namibia and Hluhluwe iMfolozi Park (HiP) in South Africa(SA).
iii.The white rhino population in SA is increasing despite poaching.
iv.2 calves were born at the Sumatran Rhino Sanctuary (SRS) in Way Kambas National Park (WKNP), Indonesia, in September and November 2023.
v.Since July 2023, Indonesian authorities have increased efforts to combat Javan rhino poaching, with notable arrests and prosecutions.
The Greater one-horned rhinos:
i.The Greater One-Horned Rhino (also known as the Indian Rhino) reside primarily in India and Nepal, and occasionally in Bhutan.
ii.According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the estimated population of the greater one-horned rhinos is 4,014.
- Though its population is growing, the species is still classified as Vulnerable by the IUCN.
iii.India, Nepal, and Bhutan jointly implemented a transboundary management strategy, which steadily increased its population by about 20% over the past decade.
iv.Poaching and habitat degradation remain significant threats, with invasive plant species and potential impacts of climate change.
- In India, the Greater One-Horned Rhino population stood at 3,262 at the end of 2021.
About International Rhino Foundation (IRF):
President – John Lukas
Headquarters – Texas, the United States of America(USA)
Founded – 1989
BANKING & FINANCE
Jana Small Finance Bank launches “Liquid Plus” FD at 6.75% interest rate
Jana Small Finance Bank Limited has recently launched its new “Liquid Plus” Fixed Deposit (FD), offering an interest rate of 6.75% per annum. This innovative product is designed to cater to customers seeking a reliable investment option that balances returns with liquidity, making it an appealing choice for both new and existing clients.
- The launch aligns with Jana Small Finance Bank’s commitment to providing innovative financial solutions that meet the evolving needs of its customers.
About Liquid Plus FD:
The Liquid Plus is designed to cater to the needs of individuals, High-Net-Worth Individuals (HNIs) and corporates seeking short term investments options with safety, liquidity and assured returns.
i.Tenure: Its tenure ranges from 7 days to 180 days.
ii.Minimum Deposit: To open this FD, customers need to invest a minimum of Rs 10 Lakhs for retail deposits, with maximum up to Rs 3 crores.
- In case of bulk Fixed Deposit it is Rs 3 crore and maximum value is upto Rs 200 crore.
iii.It allows for same-day redemption (T+0), granting immediate access to your funds.
iv.It provide the option to withdraw a portion of FD whenever necessary.
v.This term deposit comes with no exit load, offering flexibility and peace of mind in the event of early withdrawal.
vi.Additionally, an overdraft can be secured against FD, to address urgent cash needs without needing to liquidate deposit.
vii.This FD is available to a wide range of customers, including individuals, partnerships and various organizations, enhancing accessibility for diverse investors.
About Jana Small Finance Bank:
Managing Director (MD) & Chief Executive Officer (CEO)– Ajay Kanwal
Headquarters– Bengaluru, Karnataka
Establishment– 2018
AWARDS & RECOGNITIONS
ICMR gets UN Inter-Agency Task Force Award’ for Controlling Non-Communicable Diseases
New Delhi(Delhi) headquartered Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) has been honored with the prestigious ‘2024 United Nations Inter-Agency Task Force(UNIATF)Award’ for its significant multisectoral actions to the prevention and control of NCDs and mental health.
- The information for the same was provided by Union Minister Jagat Prakash (J. P.) Nadda, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW).
- This accolade positions India as a leader in addressing NCDs on a global scale.
Key Points:
i.ICMR has implemented various initiatives, including the establishment of national centers focused on Assistive Health Technology, which enhances the accessibility and affordability of healthcare solutions.
ii.It has developed sustainable assistive products catering to individuals with disabilities or chronic conditions .
iii.It also conducted the ‘world’s largest assistive technology survey’ providing critical data to inform policy and resource allocation for individuals needing assistive devices.
About the UNIATF Award:
i.The UNIATF award is presented to organizations that demonstrate exemplary efforts in advancing public health initiatives aligned with sustainable development goals (SDGs). It also encourages continued efforts in combating NCDs and promoting mental health initiatives.
ii.The award recognize achievements on multisectoral action in the prevention and control of NCDs, mental health and the wider NCD-related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) during 2024.
APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS
ACC Approves Appointment of Anurag Garg as New DG of NCB
The Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC) has approved the appointment of Anurag Garg as the new Director General (DG) of the Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB).
- He will hold the position with effect from the date of assumption of charge till May 23, 2026 or until further orders, whichever is earlier.
- He succeeds Anish Dayal Singh, who held the Additional Charge as DG of NCB following the retirement of Satya Narayan Pradhan in August 2024.
About Anurag Garg:
i.Anurag Garg is a 1993-batch Indian Police Service (IPS) officer of the Himachal Pradesh (HP) cadre.
ii.During his tenure in HP, he is credited for resolving many sensitive and difficult cases.
iii.Prior to this appointment, he served as an Additional DG in the Border Security Force (BSF) in New Delhi, Delhi.
About the Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB):
NCB is the nodal drug law enforcement and intelligence agency under the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA), Government of India (GoI).
Director General (DG) – Anurag Garg
Headquarters – New Delhi, Delhi
Established – 1986
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Bellatrix Aerospace Launches Project 200, a Satellite to Operate at ULEO of 180-250 km
Bengaluru (Karnataka)-based Bellatrix Aerospace Private Limited, a space mobility company, launched Project 200, an innovative satellite designed to operate at an Ultra-Low Earth Orbit (ULEO) (180 kilometers (km)-250 km) during the 8th Bengaluru Space Expo (BSX) 2024 at the Bangalore International Exhibition Centre (BIEC) in Bengaluru.
- This orbit has the potential to transform current satellite capabilities exponentially and it reimagines the way a satellite connects with the planet.
About Project 200:
i.Project 200 is a technology demonstrator mission to qualify a new unconventional satellite powered by a highly advanced propulsion system at around 200 km orbit.
ii.This technology will transform high-resolution Earth observation, telecommunications, and scientific research.
iii.Potential benefits of Project 200 include:
- Improved image resolution (3x better)
- Reduced communication latency (by half)
- Lower satellite costs
- Minimal radiation.
Points to Note:
i.Traditional satellites operate above 450 km, which will help reduce atmospheric interference, enhancing satellite performance.
ii.The advantages of operating satellites at a lower altitude of 200 km will improve satellite capabilities significantly.
iii.Despite these benefits, current propulsion technology is a limiting factor, preventing satellites from being effectively deployed and operated at 200 km.
About Bengaluru Space Expo (BSX):
i.BSX is a biennial international exhibition and conference being organised by the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII), in association with the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), since 2008.
ii.The 8th Edition of BSX 2024 was organised in association with ISRO, the Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN-SPACe), and NewSpace India Limited (NSIL) from 18-20 September 2024.
- It serves as a premier platform for industry leaders, innovators, and enthusiasts to gather, exchange ideas, and explore the most recent advancements in space technology.
About Bellatrix Aerospace Private Limited:
Chief Executive Officer (CEO)– Rohan M Ganapathy
Headquarters– Bengaluru, Karnataka
Established in– 2015
BOOKS & AUTHORS
Union Minister Nitin Gadkari Launched a Book “Ranadhurandhar Shahajiraje Bhosale” by Amar Yuvraj Dangat
Union Minister Nitin Gadkari, Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) released a book titled “Randhurandhar Shahajiraje Bhosale” authored by Amar Yuvraj Dangat, a Pune (Maharashtra)-based historian, in Nagpur, Maharashtra.
- The book focuses on Shahajiraje Bhosale, a prominent sardar in the Deccan, a Maratha general from the 17th Century. He was the father of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, founder of Maratha rule (Swarajya).
- Shahajiraje Bhosale was the first leader who made the Maharashtrians aware of their identity and he inspired his son Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj to establish Maratha rule (Swarajya) in Maharashtra.
- The book highlights Shahajiraje’s role in reviving Maharashtrian pride during 350 years of Islamic and foreign rule and creating a covert rule in Karnataka.
IMPORTANT DAYS
UN’s First Ever World Cleanup Day – 20 September 2024
The United Nations (UN)’s World Cleanup Day 2024 is annually observed across the globe on September 20 to raise awareness of the importance of clean-up initiatives in sustainable development.
- 20th September 2024 marks the first ever observance of the World Cleanup Day.
Events 2024: The inaugural event of the observance was held in the city of Tromsø, Norway under the theme “Arctic Cities and Marine Litter”.
Background:
i.On 8th December 2024, the United Nations General Assembly(UNGA) adopted the resolution A/RES/78/122 and proclaimed the 20th September of every year as the World Cleanup Day.
ii.The resolution also invites United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) to facilitate the observance of the day.
About United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat):
Executive Director– Anacláudia Rossbach
Founded– 1978
Headquarters- Nairobi, Kenya
>> Read Full News
STATE NEWS
Mizoram CM Pu Lalduhoma Launches ‘Bana Kaih‘ Scheme To Support Farmers & Entrepreneurs
On 19th September 2024, Pu Lalduhoma, the Chief Minister (CM) of Mizoram has launched the ‘Mizoram Bana Kaih‘ (Handholding) Scheme, to offer financial support and assistance to small entrepreneurs and farmers across Mizoram.
- The support will be provided through a series of programs designed to promote economic growth and self-sufficiency.
About Bana Kaih scheme:
i.Bana Kaih scheme comprises five crucial components,
- Handholding support to progress partners (individual or organisation selected to receive comprehensive assistance.
- Support to implementing Departments that provide support to progress partners.
- Sustainable Development through clusters approach (both agri & allied clusters and Industrial clusters).
- Market Support, through market information, price support and market linkages.
- Participative planning and Innovations for sustainable development , through integration of development process across Mizoram.
ii.The scheme, which came into force on 19th September 2024 will be implemented for an initial period of 5 years.
Financial assistance:
i.A financial assistance package for selected progress partners (beneficiaries), offering loans up to Rs. 50 lakh through partner banks.
ii.The beneficiaries who repay their loans may also be benefit from interest subventions of up to 100%, providing assistance to those who satisfy their repayment obligations.
iii.It includes the Special Category policy, which offers grants-in-aid of up to Rs.1 lakh.
iv.Market support is another important component of this scheme.
v.The government introduced a Minimum Support Price (MSP) for four vital crops: ginger, broom, turmeric, and Mizo birdeye chili as part of this initiative.
viii.It is decided to buy paddy (unhusked grains) for Rs 30 per kilogram (kg), mainly from Kolasib and Mamit districts.
Fund Allocation: The government has allotted Rs 200 crore for the scheme’s implementation for 2024-25, in addition to the Rs 110 crore budget provided for agricultural assurance in the Financial Year (FY) 2023-24.
About Mizoram:
Chief Minister (CM) – Pu Lalduhoma
Governor – Hari Babu Kambhampati
National Parks – Murlen National Park, Phawngpui National Park
Wildlife Sanctuaries – Lengteng Wildlife Sanctuary, Ngengpui Wildlife Sanctuary
Telangana Decided To Celebrate Sept 17 as Praja Palana Day
The Telangana State government has decided to celebrate September 17th of every year as Telangana Praja Palana Day (the Day of People’s Governance).
i.September 17 is the day on which Hyderabad merged with the Indian Union in 1948, following a police action under Operation Polo.
ii.Accordingly, the national flag (Tricolour) will be hoisted at all government offices, Urban Local Bodies (ULB) and Gram Panchayats on September 17.
iii.Previously, the Government of India(GoI) was decided to celebrate September 17 as Hyderabad Liberation Day.
LG of Ladakh BD Mishra inaugurated the 9th Ladakh Zanskar Festival 2024 in Sani
Brigadier BD Mishra, Lieutenant Governor (LG) of the Union Territory (UT) of Ladakh, along with First Lady Neelam Mishra, inaugurated the 9th Ladakh Zanskar Festival 2024, a two-day mega festival dedicated to honouring the Zanskar region’s rich heritage and traditions, at Sani, in Zanskar sub-division, Ladakh.
- The festival was organised by the Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council (LAHDC), Kargil, Department of Tourism and Culture, Ladakh, and the District Administration of Kargil, Ladakh on 13 and 14 September 2024.
- The 2024 Zanskar Festival marked the 1st celebration since Zanskar was officially declared a district.
- The festival featured diverse cultural performances from various communities of Ladakh, including Purgi tribes from Kargil, the Shina community of Drass, the Dard-Aryans from Aryan Valley, and the Changpa nomads from Changthang.
- Monks from Sani monastery performed Chhams (sacred mask dance), Stakri Cultural Association, Zanskar, and artists from the Tibetan Institute of Performing Arts (TIPA), Dharamshala, Himachal Pradesh (HP) also performed during the event.
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