On 18th August 2020, The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) – National Centre for Disease Informatics & Research (NCDIR), Bengaluru released a new Report of National Cancer Registry Programme 2020. The report estimates that cancer in India will rise by 25% in 2020 and may rise 12% from the 1392179 cases in 2020 to 1569793 cases in 2025 and tobacco related cancers are estimated to constitute around 27% of all cancers.
About the report:
i.The report contains data of 5 years (2012-2016) from 28 Population Based Cancer Registries (PBCRs) and 58 Hospital Based Cancer registries (HBCRs) working under National Cancer Registry Programme (NCRP).
ii.For the first time the report has data from both PBCR and HBCR.
Population profile:
i.The Delhi PBCR registered 60,097 cases followed by Mumbai with 53,714, Chennai with 31,271, Bengaluru with 29,049 and Thiruvananthapuram with 27,833 cases.
ii.Lung, mouth and esophagus cancers were the most common cancers among males and Breast and Cervix uteri cancer were common among females.
Anatomical sites of Cancer:
As per the IARC Criteria on evaluation of the carcinogenic risks to humans, the cancer sites were related to the use of tobacco.
Cancer Incidence and Pattern:
i.For all sites of cancer, Aizawl, Mizoram had the highest incidence of Age Adjusted Rates(AAR), 269.4 in males and Papumpare district has AAR, 219.8 in females followed by Aizawl, Mizoram, Kamrup, Bengaluru, Delhi, Hyderabad and Chennai.
ii.The North East registries has the highest incidence rate in cancers of oropharynx, oesophagus, nasopharynx, hypopharynx, stomach, colorectal, liver, gallbladder, larynx, lung, cervix uteri and ovary.
iii.Hyderabad, Chennai, Bangalore and Delhi has the highest breast cancer incidence.
Childhood Cancer:
i.The report presentes the analysed incidence rate of the age groups 0-14 and 0-19 and the comparison of AAR per million (pm) of childhood cancers across the registries within NCRP with registries in Asian and Non-Asian countries.
ii.Delhi PBCR recorded the highest proportion of childhood cancers in both the age groups (2.7% in 0-14 years & 4.9% in 0-19 years).
iii.Among other cancers leukaemia was the most common in both 0-14 years (boys, 46.4%; girls, 44.3%) and 0-19 years (boys, 43.2%; girls, 39.2%).
iv.Delhi has a high incidence rate of 125.4 AAR pm in the 0-14 age group and Thiruvananthapuram district has the highest incidence rate of 123.5 AAR pm in the 0-19 age group.
Mortality rates:
i.Barshi rural PBCR recorded the highest Mortality-Incidence percent (M/I%) of 67.2%.
ii.Aizawl district recorded the highest Age Adjusted Mortality Rate (AAMR) in males – 152.7 and females – 89.5.
Key Points:
i.Lymphoid and haematopoietic malignancies, cervix cancers and ovarian cancers are the other common cancers in India.
ii.In India gastro-intestinal tract cancers (19.7%) and breast cancer (14.8%) are the most prevalent than the others.
iii.Ahmedabad Urban, Aurangabad, Osmanabad & Beed, Barshi Rural, Pune, Wardha, Bhopal and Nagpur have the highest incidence of mouth cancer.
iv.Lung cancer was the leading cancer in eight other sites including Delhi, Kollam, Thiruvananthapuram, Bengaluru, Chennai and Kolkata.
v.Lung and head and neck cancers were on the rise and stomach cancers were on the decline.
vi.Breast cancers were leading female cancers in 19 out of 28 sites and cervix cancer was leading in the other sites. Breast cancers have a significant upward trend while cervix cancer cases are declined.
Projections of the Report:
i.The report projected the incidences of cancer cases for the year 2016 and 2025 with the provided incidence rates over time.
ii.The total number of cases in males are estimated to be 679421 in 2020 which may rise to 763575 in 2025 and the total number of cases in females are estimated to be 712758 in 2020 and 806218 in 2025.
iii.By 2025, Breast cancer is expected to be the most common site with 238908 cases followed by Lungs and mouth with 111328 and 90060 cases respectively.
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Recent Related News:
i.WHO (World Health Organization) and its specialized International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) have released 2 reports namely, “Report on Cancer: Setting priorities, investing wisely and providing care for all” by WHO & World Cancer Report “Cancer research for cancer prevention” by IARC.
ii.According to World Health Organization(WHO)’s Global Nutrition Report 2020, India is one among 88 countries to miss global nutrition targets by 2025
About Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR):
Secretary & Director General– Dr. Balram Bhargava
Headquarters– New Delhi
