Current Affairs Today

We are here for you to provide the important Recent and Latest Current Affairs October 25 & 26 2026, which have unique updates of Latest Current Affairs 2026 events from all newspapers such as The Hindu, The Economic Times, PIB, Times of India, PTI, Indian Express, Business Standard and all Government official websites.

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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Overview of Polish PM Donald Tusk’s Visit to India from October 21 to 23, 2026
Donald Franciszek Tusk, Prime Minister (PM) of Poland, undertook a 3-day official visit to India from October 21 to 23, 2026,  at the invitation of PM Narendra Modi. This marked Tusk’s 2nd official visit to India as PM of Poland after 2010.

• He was accompanied by Andrzej Domanski, Polish Minister of Finance & Economy and a high-level delegation, including around 100 leading Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) and industry representatives. 

Key Highlights of Visit:
Visit to New Delhi: During the visit, Polish PM Donald Franciszek Tusk met PM Narendra Modi at Hyderabad House, New Delhi, to review the India–Poland Strategic Partnership (2024), endorse the mid-term review of the Action Plan (2024–2028) finalised during External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar’s September 2026 visit to Warsaw, and expand cooperation in cybersecurity, Artificial Intelligence (AI), emerging technologies and maintenance systems.
India-Poland Business Forum: The forum was held on October 22, 2026 in New Delhi (Delhi) and October 23, 2026 in Bengaluru (Karnataka).

• The Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) and Polish Investment and Trade Agency (PAIH) to promote business collaboration in industrial machinery, defence, infrastructure, pharmaceuticals, mining, critical minerals, energy and Information and Communication Technology (ICT). 

Key Outcomes: India and Poland agreed to double bilateral trade (USD 6 billion) by 2030, establish a Defence Industry Dialogue, initiate counter-terrorism talks, launch a Startup Bridge and tech hackathons, while Poland joined the Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI).

• Polish PM Donald Tusk announced that Poland–India Partnership Day will be observed annually on 30 March, commemorating the establishment of diplomatic relations in 1954.

Union Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan Launches Enhanced NMMS 2.0 Mobile App for VB-G RAM G
In October 2026, Union Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan, Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD) launched an upgraded version of the National Mobile Monitoring System (NMMS) 2.0 Mobile Application (app) for recording workers’ attendance under the Viksit Bharat-Guarantee for Rozgar & Ajeevia Mission (Gramin) VB-G RAM G.
About NMMS App:
Technical Partner: The enhanced version of the app is developed with technical support from the Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT-M), Chennai, Tamil Nadu (TN), and relevant technical agencies.
Enhanced Security Features: The new version of app has a robust device-level security, Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based verification and protects against app tampering and fraudulent attendance.
Offline Attendance: Attendance can be recorded offline and uploaded after muster roll closure, with authorised exceptions for face authentication failures or technical issues. 

MHA and IA to Train 600 Civil Defence Master Trainers Across 12 States/UTs
In October 2026, the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) and Indian Army (IA) launched a first-of-its-kind joint training initiative to train 600 Civil Defence Master Trainers from 12 States and Union Territories (UTs) in the first phase, to strengthen India’s Civil Defence preparedness in line with Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi’s vision of building a vibrant Civil Defence network.

• The first phase will feature a three-day specialised training programme by the second week of November 2026.

About Civil Defence Master Trainers
Implementation: The initiative is being implemented by the Directorate General of Fire Services, Civil Defence and Home Guards (DGFSCDHG) under MHA in coordination with the IA.
Participating Regions: The programme will cover 12 States/UTs: Jammu & Kashmir (J&K), Punjab, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Assam, Meghalaya, Sikkim, Delhi (National Capital Territory), Uttar Pradesh, Kerala, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu (TN), with each proposed to nominate 50 Civil Defence Master Trainers for specialised training, totalling 600 participants.
Model: The initiative uses a structured Master Trainer Model to create a multiplier effect, expanding specialised Civil Defence preparedness skills across participating States and Union Territories(UTs) through cascading training.

• Each Master Trainer will subsequently train 100 Civil Defence Volunteers.

MoRTH proposes Mandatory AEBS  for all new car models from October 2030
In October 2026, the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) issued a draft notification proposing to make Advanced Emergency Braking Systems (AEBS) mandatory for all new car models under the M1 category from 1 October 2030, to improve road safety and reduce collisions.
Key Details:
Applicability: The proposed regulations will be applicable to M1-category vehicles manufactured from the specified dates. 

• Also, these vehicles are required to be equipped with AEBS conforming to Automotive Industry Standard (AIS)-185, as amended from time to time.

Timeline for Existing Car Models: However, the MoRTH has clarified that models already in production before the deadline will have to comply with the requirement from October 01, 2032.
Timeline for Trucks: Apart from cars, the new AEBS is also applicable to trucks which will come into force on October 01, 2027. 

• In addition, trucks are required to be equipped with the Electronic Stability Control (ESC) systems conforming to AIS-162 from the same date.

Other Guidelines: Other than mandatory braking system, the MoRTH issued a direction that all motor vehicles will have to conform to AIS-193, with motorcycles and three-wheelers without a steering wheel exempted.

• Also, cars which have Automatic Command Steering Functionalities (ACSF) will be required to meet the same standard as motor vehicles, while those with an Emergency Lane Keeping System (ELKS) will have to comply with AIS-191 (Part 1). 
• Both ACSF and ELKS will become mandatory on M1 vehicles registered as transport vehicles, from October 01, 2029.

C-DOT and IIT-BHU Signed MoU to Establish 6th CoE for Advance 6G Quantum Technologies
In October 2026, the Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT), the telecommunications research and development (R&D) centre of the Department of Telecommunications (DoT), Ministry of Communications, signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University) [IIT (BHU)], Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh (UP), to establish its 6th Centre of Excellence (CoE) at IIT (BHU).

• The MoU was signed in the presence of Dr. Pankaj Kumar Dalela, Executive Vice President (EVP) of C-DOT, and Professor Amit Patra, Director of IIT (BHU), followed by the inauguration of the centre. 

Highlights of the Centre of Excellence (CoE):
Objectives: The partnership will strengthen India’s telecom innovation ecosystem by combining C-DOT’s indigenous R&D expertise with IIT (BHU)’s academic strengths to develop practical technologies.
Focus: It advances indigenous telecom research in Fifth Generation (5G) Advanced/6G Technologies, Artificial Intelligence (AI), quantum technologies, cybersecurity, wireless communications, large-scale Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO), and Integrated Sensing and Communication.
Network: With this addition, C-DOT’s network of six CoEs includes IIT Kanpur (UP), IIT Gandhinagar (Gujarat), IIT Roorkee (Uttarakhand), IIT Hyderabad (Telangana), the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru, Karnataka, through the Foundation for Science, Innovation and Development (FSID), and IIT (BHU), Varanasi, UP.
Significance: The expanded network will promote academia-industry collaboration, knowledge exchange and specialised talent development.

IIIT-Bangalore Signs MoU with Poland’s AGH University of Krakow for Academic and Research Collaboration
In October 2026, International Institute of Information Technology Bangalore (IIIT-Bangalore), Bengaluru, Karnataka and AGH University of Krakow, Poland, signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to establish a framework for academic and research collaboration in Artificial Intelligence (AI), Quantum Technologies and other emerging fields.

• The MoU was signed by Prof. Debabrata Das, Director, IIIT-Bangalore, and Rao Maddukuri, Senior Advisor at AGH University of Krakow, in the presence of Donald Tusk, PM, Poland (during his visit to India) and D. K. Shivakumar, Chief Minister (CM), Karnataka.

About IIIT-Bangalore & Poland’s AGH University of Krakow MoU:
Collaboration: The MoU facilitates collaborative research and academic engagement, enabling faculty and students to exchange expertise and experiences, thereby strengthening international cooperation and knowledge-sharing.
Focus: The MoU will focus on joint research in emerging technologies, development of academic programmes, exchange of academic materials made available by both institutions, and faculty and student mobility.
Academic Engagement: The MoU supports online and offline seminars, symposia, educational conferences, career guidance and promotional events, alongside participation in winter and summer schools to strengthen institutional interaction.

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

NAAS and CAST Sign a 5-Year Agricultural Cooperation Agreement
In October 2026, India’s National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS) signed a five-year Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the United States of America (USA)-based Council for Agricultural Science and Technology (CAST) to strengthen agricultural research, scientific collaboration, capacity development and knowledge exchange.

• The agreement was signed on 20 October 2026 during the 2026 Norman E. Borlaug International Dialogue, organised by the World Food Prize Foundation (WFPF) in Des Moines, Iowa, USA, from 20 to 22 October 2026 under the theme “Before Hunger Wins.”

Key Details of Agreement:
Framework: The newly signed agreement establishes a framework for educational programs, publications and scientific exchanges between the USA and India.
Focus Areas: The MoU outlines key areas of shared interest between NAAS and CAST: food and nutrition security, water availability and quality, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and digital farming tools, biotechnology and gene editing, among others.
Key Interventions: The MoU outlines some of the key interventions such as: both entities will jointly host webinars, workshops, and a jointly produced science communication or policy product, and leadership exchange focused on bolstering scientific organisations and their contributions to policy.
About NAAS: Established in 1990, NAAS is  a premier agricultural thin tank and science academy in India that promotes excellence in agricultural sciences, recognises distinguished scientists and provides scientific input to help inform agricultural policy, with headquarters in New Delhi (Delhi).

BANKING & FINANCE

RBI Revises Bank Leverage Ratio Framework under Basel III Norms
In October 2026, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) issued the  RBI (Commercial Banks – Prudential Norms on Capital Adequacy) Eleventh Amendment Directions, 2026, aligning the leverage ratio framework with the 2017 standard developed by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) under the Basel III framework.

• The revised directions will come into effect on 1 April 2027, aiming to prevent excessive leverage, strengthen capital adequacy and enhance financial stability.

Latest Framework Details
Definition: The leverage ratio measures a bank’s Tier 1 capital relative to its total exposure, including on-balance sheet and off-balance sheet items.
Ratios to be maintained: The following are the leverage ratio to be maintained by the banks:

• Domestic Systemically Important Bank (D-SIB) – 4%
• Branch of a global systemically important bank (G-SIB) in India – 3.5% plus the leverage ratio buffer applicable to it as a G-SIB
• Other Banks – 3.5%

C-DAC and BOI Sign MoU to Explore Quantum Technologies for Banking Innovation
In October 2026, the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), and Bank of India (BOI) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to explore emerging technologies for banking and financial services. 

• The MoU was exchanged by Aditya Kumar Sinha, Executive Director (ED) of C-DAC Mumbai, Maharashtra, and Satyendra Singh, Chief General Manager (GM) (Information Technology, IT) and Chief Information Officer (CIO) of BOI. 

About C-DAC-BOI MoU:
Framework: C-DAC and BOI will combine expertise in advanced computing, quantum technologies, Artificial Intelligence (AI), blockchain, and cybersecurity through joint research, technology demonstrations, pilot projects, and training.
Quantum Ecosystem: The organisations will develop a ‘Quantum Ecosystem for Financial Innovation’ and explore quantum-inspired and quantum-safe technologies to address quantum-related opportunities and threats while strengthening banking security, trust, resilience, and decision-making.
Implementation: Identify priority banking use cases, develop Proofs of Concept (PoCs) in secure sandbox environments, assess technical feasibility and value, benchmark solutions against existing systems, and prepare roadmaps for further development and adoption.
Applications: Explore AI-driven document processing, customer support, fraud detection, credit assessment, financial analytics, smart contracts, digital identity and secure data sharing, along with training in quantum computing, cybersecurity, AI and blockchain.

ENVIRONMENT

Ghostly Eyeless Freshwater Snail Discovered in China’s Yunnan Province
In October 2026, scientists discovered Erhaia dijiang, a ghostly freshwater cave snail belonging to the family Erhaiidae, for the first time in China, deep inside a high-altitude mountain cave in Yuxi City, Yunnan Province, at 2,062 metres (m) above sea level. 

• The Findings Were Published in Subterranean Biology, the discovery raised conservation concerns as only three living adults were found. 

About the New Creature:
Adaptation: Erhaia dijiang has lost its eyes and body pigmentation, with a nearly transparent, cone-shaped shell and long, slender tentacles that reflect its adaptation to underground life.
Naming: The species was named after Di Jiang, a faceless mythical creature described in the ancient Chinese text Classic of Mountains and Seas (Shan Hai Jing).
Habitat: The snail inhabits shallow cave waters less than one metre deep, among submerged gravel and broken rocks, at a water temperature of approximately 20°C (Celsius).

IMPORTANT DAYS

United Nations Day 2026 – October 24
The United Nations (UN) Day is annually observed across the globe on 24th October to mark the anniversary of the day on which the UN Charter entered into force in 1945.

• 24th October 2026 marks the 81st anniversary of the UN 

Background:
UNGA Resolution: On October 31, 1947, the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) adopted Resolution A/RES/168(II), designating October 24 annually as UN Day.
Founding Document: The UN Charter is the founding document of the UN, outlining its objectives, principles and functions.
2026 Event in India: Union Minister S. Jaishankar, Minister of External Affairs (MEA) reaffirmed India’s commitment to UN Charter, while Major Abhilasha Barak received the UN Military Gender Advocate of the Year Award 2026 for her service with the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL).

World Development Information Day 2026 – October 24
The United Nations (UN’s) World Development Information Day is annually observed across the globe on 24th October to raise public awareness of global development challenges, promote information dissemination and international cooperation, and mobilise public opinion in support of development goals.
Background:
Resolution: In 1972, the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) adopted Resolution A/RES/3038(XXVII), following a proposal by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), to establish World Development Information Day on 24 October.
First Observance: The first World Development Information Day was observed on 24 October 1973.
Development Strategy: It commemorates the adoption of the International Development Strategy for the Second United Nations Development Decade (1971–1980) on 24 October 1970.

Global Media and Information Literacy Week 2026 – October 24 to 31
In October 2026,  the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)  observed Global Media and Information Literacy Week from October 24–31 to promote media literacy, critical thinking, and responsible digital engagement. 

• 2026 Theme:  “We All Play a Part – Media and Information Literacy for the People” 

Background:
Initiation: Global MIL Week was launched in 2012 through a collaborative initiative led by UNESCO, along with

• The UNESCO MIL Alliance (formerly GAPMIL),
• The United Nations Alliance of Civilizations (UNAOC), and
• The MIL and Intercultural Dialogue (MILID) University Network.

Proposal: In 2018, Ghana, Jamaica, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines proposed to officially designate 24–31 October as Global MIL Week and reviewed by the UNESCO Executive Board during its 205th session (205 EX/Decision 34).
Proclamation: In 2019, the UNESCO General Conference formally proclaimed Global Media and Information Literacy Week to be observed every year from 24 to 31 October.

World Polio Day 2026 – October 24
World Polio Day (WPD) was observed across the globe on 24 October to raise awareness about poliomyelitis (polio), a highly infectious viral disease, and strengthen global efforts to eradicate it through vaccination, surveillance and international cooperation.
Theme:
2026 Theme: “One day, one focus, Ending polio for good”
Focus: The 2026 observance emphasises reaching unvaccinated and under-vaccinated children, strengthening disease surveillance, maintaining financial support and preventing poliovirus transmission.
Origin: World Polio Day was established by Rotary International to commemorate the birth anniversary of Dr Jonas Salk, the American medical researcher who developed the first successful inactivated polio vaccine (IPV). His polio vaccine was declared safe and effective in 1955.
India’s Polio Eradication Journey:
Pulse Polio Programme: India initiated Pulse Polio immunisation activities on 2 October 1994, followed by nationwide implementation in 1995, to strengthen oral polio vaccination coverage among children.
Last Case: India’s last reported case of wild poliovirus occurred in Howrah, West Bengal, on 13 January 2011.
Polio-Free Certification: The WHO certified its South-East Asia Region (SEAR), including India, as polio-free on 27 March 2014.
Continued Measures: India maintains polio immunisation through the Universal Immunisation Programme (UIP), supplementary immunisation activities and surveillance for Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP).

STATE NEWS

Goa AI Tech Conclave 2026: Goa Unveils AI Policy, Launches Hackathon, AI CoE and BHASHINI Konkani LLM
The Goa AI Tech Conclave 2026, a two-day summit organized by the Department of Information Technology, Electronics & Communications (DITE&C), Government of Goa, was held on 22–23 October 2026 at INOX Courtyard, Panaji, Goa, under the theme “AI for People, Planet and Progress”. 

• The conclave aimed to promote responsible Artificial Intelligence (AI) adoption, strengthen public-service delivery, encourage innovation and bring together government, industry, startups, researchers and students. 

About Goa AI Tech Conclave 2026:
Goa AI Policy 2026: The policy establishes a three-year implementation framework for 2026–2029 to position Goa as a hub for responsible AI and applied innovation.
Goa AI Hackathon: The Government of Goa launched a state-level AI Hackathon to encourage innovators, startups and students to develop solutions for administrative and public-service challenges.
MoU for AI CoE: DITE&C, Government of Goa, represented by Director Kabir K. Shrigaonkar, signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with BITS Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus, represented by Director Prof. Suman Kundu, to establish an AI Centre of Excellence (CoE).
BHASHINI Konkani LLM Launch: Digital India BHASHINI (Bhasha Interface for India) Division (DIBD), under Digital India Corporation (DIC), Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), launched the BHASHINI Konkani LLM in collaboration with the Government of Goa.

NLC India Limited Signs MoUs with IPICOL to Invest Rs. 37,000 Crore in Odisha Projects
In October 2026, NLC India Limited (NLCIL) signed Memoranda of Understanding (MoUs) with the Industrial Promotion and Investment Corporation of Odisha Limited (IPICOL) for approximately Rs. 37,000 crore to pursue major power, coal gasification and mineral-processing projects in Odisha.

• The MoUs were signed on 22 October 2026 in Mumbai, Maharashtra, covering a thermal power project, a beach sand mineral processing facility and exploration of coal gasification-based fertiliser production.

Key Highlights of the MoUs:
Signatories: The MoUs were signed by I. S. Jasper Rose, Executive Director (ED),  (Mines and Land) of NLCIL, and Aboli Sunil Naravane, Managing Director (MD), PICOL, in the presence of Mohan Charan Majhi, Chief Minister (CM), Odisha, and Prasanna Kumar Acharya, Chairman and Managing Director (CMD) of NLCIL.
Thermal Power Project: NLCIL plans to establish a 3,200 Megawatt (MW) (4 × 800 MW) ultra-supercritical coal-based thermal power plant in Odisha with an estimated investment of Rs 35,000 crore.
Beach Sand Mineral Processing Facility: NLCIL proposes to invest Rs 2,000 crore in Odisha to process ilmenite, rutile and zircon for industrial applications.
Coal Gasification and Fertilizer Production: NLCIL will explore the feasibility of producing synthesis gas (Syn-gas) from coal for potential use in fertiliser production.
About NLC India Limited (NLCIL): Established in 1956, NLCIL is a Navratna Central Public Sector Enterprise (CPSE) under the Ministry of Coal (MoC), headquartered in Neyveli, Tamil Nadu, and headed by Chairman-cum-Managing Director (CMD) Prasanna Kumar Acharya.

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